Surgical Tools by faiz.pptx

8/2/2019 Surgical Tools by faiz.pptx

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Surgical Tools

Redivac Drain & Laryngoscope

By Muhamad Faiz

The Famous 6


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Drains Drains are put in by the surgeon to allow any fluid or air collecting at the

operation site or in (he wound to drain to the surface while allowing the mainwound to heal. Fluids to be drained include blood, pus, urine, faeces, bile orLymph.Drains may be:

1 superficial, i.e. in the wound;

2 deep:

(a) intraperitoneal, e.g. covering an intestinal anastomosis,(b) in a hollow organ or duct, e.g. a T-tube in the bile duct,

(c) in an abnormal channel, e.g. a fistula,

(d) to drain a deep cavity, e.g. an abscess or haematomaIn addition drains may be:

1 open, i.e. draining into a dressing or bag open to the air: 2 closed, i.e. draining into a sterilized air-right tube and container. The

drainage system may be:

(a) on tree drainage, e.g. drainage of ascites by gravity;

(b) on suction, e.g. Redivac drains:

(c) controlled by a one-way valve, e.g. an underwater sea! or chest

drains


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Redivac drain

This is a fine tube. with many holes at the end, which isattached to an evacuated glass bottle providingsuction.

It is used to drain blood

beneath the skin, e.g. after mastectomy orthyroidectomy, or

from deep spaces, e.g. around a vascular anastomosis

Indication1. used mainly after operations on the abdomen

2. Following surgery to the breast and/or under the arm,a wound drain may be inserted
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Removal of drains

A drain is removed as soon as it is no longer required. Hence it isnecessary to know the purpose for which it was inserted and you shouldascertain this from the surgeon at the time of operation. The following aregeneral guidelines:

1. Drains put in to cover perioperative bleeding and haematoma formation,can come out after 24 48 hours.

2. Drains put in to cover serous collections can come out after 3

5 days.

3. Where a drain has been put in because the wound MAY later becomeinfected, it should be left for 1-5 days.

4. Drains put in to cover intestinal anastomoses should not be removeduntill after 57 days.

5. A T-tube can be removed after 6

10 days. Before this is done, a T-tubecholangiogram must be performed to make sure that there is distalpatency in the common bile duct. Some surgeons clamp the T-tube for24 hours before it is removed.

6. Chest drains - see management of thoracotomy.


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Laryngoscope

A diagnostic instrument that is used to examine the interior of the larynx

a rigid or flexible endoscope passed through the mouth andequipped with a source of light and magnification, for examiningand performing local diagnostic and surgical procedures on thelarynx.

laryngoscope consists of a handle containing batteries with a light source, and aset of interchangeable blades.

Type of laryngoscope Conventional laryngoscope

Fiberoptic laryngoscopes

Video laryngoscope

Indication

Laryngoscopyendotracheal intubation
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Laryngoscopy

Laryngoscopy may be performed to facilitate tracheal intubation during general

anesthesia or cardiopulmonary resuscitation or for procedures on the larynx or other parts of

the uppertracheobronchial tree

Direct laryngoscopy

indirect laryngoscopy

An indirect or direct laryngoscopy helps a doctor: Find the cause of voice problems, such as a breathy voice, hoarse voice, weak voice, or no

voice.

Find the cause of throat and ear pain.

Find the cause for difficulty in swallowing, a feeling of a lump in the throat, or mucus with

blood in it.

Check injuries to the throat, narrowing of the throat (strictures), or blockages in the airway.

Direct rigid laryngoscopy may be used as a surgical procedure to remove foreign objects in

the throat, collect tissue samples (biopsy), remove polyps from the vocal cords, or perform

laser treatment. Direct rigid laryngoscopy may also be used to help find cancer of the voice

box (larynx).

Depending on the circumstances, you may need anesthesia.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracheal_intubationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_anesthesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_anesthesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiopulmonary_resuscitationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larynxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracheobronchial_treehttp://www.webmd.com/hw-popup/biopsyhttp://www.webmd.com/hw-popup/polyphttp://www.webmd.com/cancer/http://www.webmd.com/cancer/http://www.webmd.com/hw-popup/polyphttp://www.webmd.com/hw-popup/biopsyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracheobronchial_treehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracheobronchial_treehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracheobronchial_treehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larynxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiopulmonary_resuscitationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_anesthesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_anesthesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracheal_intubation

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