ADDITIONAL DATA

146

1. Internal corrosion cannot occur in sealed closed structural as water is excluded and oxygen unreplenished. Only

external surface needs protection.

2. RHS/SHS have a smooth continuous profile with non re-entrant corners which do not trap dirt and water.

RHS/SHS do not require stripe coating as they have no edges and sharp corners.

Two of the original 'Tubewrights' erected in 1954 at Stamford Bridge, Chelsea, were replaced

in 1975, taken down and the used sections were cut and despatched to the Corby Works of

British Steel for examination.

Of the 139.7mm o.d. CHS was cut lengthwise to expose the internal surfaces

for examination. Little evidence of internal corrosion was found other than a discolouration of

the surface caused by the oxygen and moisture in the entrapped air; much of the original mill

scale was still visible. A light rust in the centre of the sample developed after the tube was cut

open for examination.

Of the 139.7mm o.d. CHS incorporating an intermediate flanged joint was

examined and the condition of the internal flange face, which had been enclosed and thus

hermatically sealed by welding to the CHS, was still comparatively bright with the marking-off

lines clearly visible.

The above report is from British Steel Publication No. TD 347/10E/91 titled CORROSION THE CASE for

STRUCTURALHOLLOW SECTIONS.

The following historical examples demonstrate that corrosion will not occur on internal surface of sealed hollow

sections.

Certain of the examination referred to have also indicated that, even when weld seams are not perfectly sealed or

small holes have been made in the section, traces of superficial rust only can be detected in the immediate

neighbourhood of the appropriate welds or holes.

INTERNAL CORROSION Acase study

Sample No 1.

Sample No 2.

The above table is reprinted from CIDECT publication 'The Hollow Section' No.6, 1982, and refers to case studies that demonstrate the non-

occurrence of Internal Corrosion.

Conclusion: Hollow Sections that are sealed by the combination of end details and structural quality welding do not

corrode internally.

Corrosion Resistant Properties

Application Location Comment Period of service Examinationof sample (years)

Trolley Pittsburg At least 22,000 such poles 40-50 Thicknesses of section wallsbus poles USA were installed. Some 18,000 still within original manufacturing

still in service today tolerance

Lighting Daylon, No corrosion damage visible 59 Internal surfaces still boreColumn Ohio, USA on any column in the series original mill scale,

No pitting of steel

Davits of Application subject to 37 No internal corrosionocean liner aggressive marineSSAquitania environment. Two davits

donated for research whenship scrapped

Roof trusses Hiltrup, Extremely aggressive 9 No internal corrosion.at pickling Westphalia industrial environment Original mill scale visibleplant

Italy Tubular lattices available 25-30 No internal corrosion detected

Sample 1

Sample 2

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9135.1

456.4

6180.1

833.9

8225.2

322.5

0

72X

72X

3.2

854

27.9

071.6

8107.1

5107.5

367.8

7143.3

743.5

4179.2

129.3

1215.0

520.9

1

72X

72X

41047

27.5

072.7

3129.7

3109.0

981.5

7145.4

552.0

6181.8

235.0

3218.1

824.6

5

72X

72X

4.8

1231

27.1

073.8

0150.5

5110.7

093.9

2147.6

059.6

3184.5

040.1

9221.4

028.1

4

80X

80X

3.2

957

31.1

064.3

1130.6

796.4

687.3

2128.6

258.3

5160.7

739.9

0192.9

328.8

3225.0

821.5

2

80X

80X

41175

30.7

065.1

5158.9

597.7

2105.4

4130.2

970.2

6162.8

748.0

0195.4

434.5

1228.0

126.0

8

80X

80X

4.8

1385

30.4

065.7

9186.0

398.6

8122.6

8131.5

881.5

7164.4

755.6

9197.3

739.8

7230.2

630.4

0

MA

TE

RIA

LT

AT

AS

TR

UC

TU

RA

GR

AD

EY

ST

-31

0,

IS-4

92

3

150

SA

FE

LO

AD

SIN

KN

F

OR

SIN

GLE

SH

SS

TR

UT

DIF

FE

RE

NT

L/R

min

RA

TIO

S

151

MA

TE

RIA

LT

AT

AS

TR

UC

TU

RA

GR

AD

EY

ST

-31

0,

IS-4

92

3

SA

FE

LO

AD

SIN

KN

F

OR

SIN

GLE

SH

SS

TR

UT

DIF

FE

RE

NT

L/R

min

RA

TIO

S

SH

SS

IZE

AR

EA

Ryy

Leff

2m

SA

FE

3m

SA

FE

4m

SA

FE

5m

SA

FE

6m

SA

FE

Leff

Leff

Leff

Leff

Ryy

LO

AD

Ryy

LO

AD

Ryy

LO

AD

Ryy

LO

AD

Ryy

LO

AD

91.5

X91.5

X3.6

1232

35.6

056.1

8182.7

784.2

7131.8

5112.3

691.9

6140.4

564.9

6168.5

447.5

4

91.5

X91.5

X4.5

1514

35.2

056.8

2223.2

585.2

3160.0

0113.6

4111.0

7142.0

578.3

8170.4

557.2

6

91.5

X91.5

X5.4

1785

34.8

057.4

7261.5

786.2

1186.1

9114.9

4128.6

2143.6

890.6

7172.4

166.1

1

100X

100X

41495

38.9

051.4

1231.7

677.1

2175.3

9102.8

3125.8

4128.5

391.2

3154.2

467.0

9

100X

100X

51836

38.4

052.0

8282.9

078.1

3212.6

3104.1

7152.0

8130.2

1109.8

9156.2

580.5

5

100X

100X

62163

37.9

052.7

7331.2

079.1

6247.1

6105.5

4176.2

0131.9

3126.8

6158.3

192.6

7

113.5

X113.5

X4.8

2028

44.0

045.4

5329.4

668.1

8265.1

190.9

1198.5

6113.6

4148.7

8136.3

611

2.6

5

113.5

X113.5

X5.4

2260

43.8

045.6

6366.5

868.4

9294.3

991.3

2220.1

5114.1

6164.6

3136.9

9124.5

5

132X

132X

4.8

2383

51.6

038.7

6405.3

958.1

4346.9

877.5

2278.1

596.9

0216.1

9116.2

8168.5

3

132X

132X

5.4

2659

51.3

038.9

9451.8

058.4

8385.9

077.9

7308.5

597.4

7239.4

2116.9

6186.2

4

150X

150X

42295

59.3

033.7

3400.8

150.5

9358.4

267.4

5302.5

384.3

2245.4

6101.1

8196.9

6

150X

150X

52836

58.9

033.9

6494.7

150.9

3441.5

467.9

1371.8

984.8

9301.0

5101.8

7241.4

4

150X

150X

63363

58.4

034.2

5585.7

651.3

7521.5

468.4

9438.0

785.6

2353.5

8102.7

4283.3

7

150X

150X

84379

57.4

034.8

4760.3

752.2

6673.6

269.6

9562.5

787.1

1451.2

5104.5

3361.1

4

180X

180X

42775

71.6

027.9

3496.8

241.9

0462.6

555.8

7412.8

969.8

3355.9

083.8

0298.8

2

180X

180X

53436

71.1

028.1

3614.8

242.1

9571.6

456.2

6509.3

470.3

2438.1

484.3

9367.1

6

180X

180X

64083

70.6

028.3

3730.1

942.4

9677.8

156.6

6602.9

870.8

2517.5

984.9

9432.8

8

180X

180X

85339

69.7

028.6

9953.8

343.0

4882.8

057.3

9782.9

971.7

4669.4

986.0

8557.8

4

220X

220X

65043

87.0

022.9

9915.3

334.4

8877.3

145.9

8749.5

557.4

7739.0

068.9

7653.3

3

220X

220X

86619

86.0

023.2

61200.5

034.8

81149.0

946.5

1978.8

458.1

4963.7

669.7

7849.5

4

220X

220X

10

8143

85.0

023.5

31475.8

035.2

91410.6

647.0

61197.9

858.8

21177.8

670.5

91035.1

2

220X

220X

12

9614

84.1

023.7

81741.1

935.6

71662.2

247.5

61407.6

159.4

51382.1

671.3

41211.2

2

250X

250X

65763

99.2

020.1

61054.1

630.2

41024.5

640.3

2971.7

250.4

0901.5

460.4

8819.9

3

250X

250X

87579

98.2

020.3

71385.5

730.5

51345.3

140.7

31274.1

850.9

21180.1

861.1

01071.2

9

250X

250X

10

9343

97.3

020.5

51707.1

830.8

31656.0

541.1

11566.5

251.3

91448.7

061.6

61312.7

2

250X

250X

12

11054

96.3

020.7

72018.6

331.1

51956.1

441.5

41847.7

451.9

21705.7

562.3

11542.5

0

SH

SS

IZE

AR

EA

Ryy

Leff

7m

SA

FE

SA

FE

SA

FE

SA

FE

SA

FE

Leff

8m

Leff

9m

Leff

10m

Leff

12m

Ryy

LO

AD

Ryy

LO

AD

Ryy

LO

AD

Ryy

LO

AD

Ryy

LO

AD

91.5

X91.5

X3.6

1232

35.6

0196.6

335.7

4224.7

227.7

5

91.5

X91.5

X4.5

1514

35.2

0198.8

642.9

1227.2

733.7

2

91.5

X91.5

X5.4

1785

34.8

0201.1

549.5

7229.8

939.2

9

100X

100X

41495

38.9

0179.9

550.8

6205.6

640.1

7231.3

632.4

8

100X

100X

51836

38.4

0182.2

961.1

6208.3

348.3

5234.3

838.7

9

100X

100X

62163

37.9

0184.7

070.4

9211.0

855.5

4237.4

744.3

6

113.5

X113.5

X4.8

2028

44.0

0159.0

986.1

0181.8

267.8

5204.5

554.9

4227.2

745.1

7

113.5

X113.5

X5.4

2260

43.8

0159.8

295.1

3182.6

575.0

4205.4

860.8

0228.3

150.1

0

132X

132X

4.8

2383

51.6

0135.6

6133.5

4155.0

4106.0

0174.4

286.3

4193.8

071.1

6232.5

651.2

1

132X

132X

5.4

2659

51.3

0136.4

5147.5

3155.9

5117.0

7175.4

495.2

6194.9

378.4

9233.9

256.4

1

150X

150X

42295

59.3

0118.0

4158.2

5134.9

1129.8

2151.7

7105.8

3168.6

388.4

6202.3

663.1

8

150X

150X

52836

58.9

0118.8

5193.2

9135.8

2158.6

0152.8

0129.3

2169.7

8108.0

2203.7

477.2

9

150X

150X

63363

58.4

0119.8

6225.7

8136.9

9185.3

3154.1

1151.1

5171.2

3126.1

4205.4

890.4

8

150X

150X

84379

57.4

0121.9

5287.4

1139.3

7234.0

1156.7

9190.9

4174.2

2159.0

2209.0

6114.6

8

180X

180X

42775

71.6

097.7

7248.8

7111.7

3208.8

7125.7

0174.8

6139.6

6147.7

3167.6

0108.1

2

180X

180X

53436

71.1

098.4

5305.3

1112.5

2255.9

2126.5

8214.3

8140.6

5180.7

7168.7

8132.2

5

180X

180X

64083

70.6

099.1

5359.3

8113.3

1300.8

6127.4

8252.1

9141.6

4212.3

7169.9

7155.2

0

180X

180X

85339

69.7

0100.4

3462.2

0114.7

8385.6

0129.1

2323.6

1143.4

7271.8

4172.1

7198.2

6

220X

220X

65043

87.0

080.4

6566.6

191.9

5487.4

3103.4

5421.3

5114.9

4363.3

9137.9

3274.5

8

220X

220X

86619

86.0

081.4

0735.0

293.0

2631.2

7104.6

5545.0

7116.2

8468.1

0139.5

3352.9

6

220X

220X

10

8143

85.0

082.3

5893.3

494.1

2765.9

2105.8

8660.5

4117.6

5564.7

4141.1

8425.8

3

220X

220X

12

9614

84.1

083.2

31042.8

595.1

2892.6

6107.0

2768.9

7118.9

1654.6

6142.6

9494.0

4

250X

250X

65763

99.2

070.5

6732.7

880.6

5646.0

190.7

3565.5

2100.8

1496.7

3120.9

7382.2

2

250X

250X

87579

98.2

071.2

8955.5

381.4

7840.8

791.6

5735.3

2101.8

3645.4

8122.2

0496.1

2

250X

250X

10

9343

97.3

071.9

411

68.6

882.2

21026.7

292.5

0896.9

6102.7

7786.9

1123.3

3604.2

0

250X

250X

12

11054

96.3

072.6

91370.3

283.0

71201.5

393.4

61048.4

8103.8

4919.2

3124.6

1704.9

4

NO

TE

:1

)S

AF

EL

OA

DS

CA

LC

UL

AT

ED

FO

RL

/RY

YU

PT

O2

50

.

2)

SA

FE

LO

AD

SA

RE

CA

LC

UL

AT

ED

CO

NS

IDE

RIN

GU

NS

UP

PO

RT

ED

AB

OU

TM

INO

RA

XIS

152

MA

TE

RIA

LT

AT

AS

TR

UC

TU

RA

GR

AD

EY

ST

-31

0,

IS-4

92

3

SA

FE

LO

AD

SIN

KN

F

OR

SIN

GLE

SH

SS

TR

UT

DIF

FE

RE

NT

L/R

min

RA

TIO

S

SAFE LOAD CAPACITIES OF "TATA" SINGLE SHSMATERIAL: IS : 4923, GRADE : 310

153

SHS 25X25X3.2 253 47.06 3.01 3.01 1.51 1.51 0.31 0.31 15.69 15.69

SHS 38X38X3.2 419 77.93 4.90 4.90 4.30 4.30 0.88 0.88 25.98 25.98

SHS 38X38X4.0 503 93.56 4.76 4.76 4.87 4.87 1.00 1.00 31.19 31.19

SHS 49.5X49.5X2.9 525 97.65 6.58 6.58 7.60 7.60 1.56 1.56 32.55 32.55

SHS 49X49X3.6 635 118.11 6.47 6.47 8.86 8.86 1.82 1.82 39.37 39.37

SHS 49X49X4.5 767 142.66 6.30 6.30 10.20 10.20 2.09 2.09 47.55 47.55

SHS 72X72X3.2 854 158.84 9.67 9.67 18.42 18.42 3.78 3.78 52.95 52.95

SHS 72X72X4.0 1047 194.74 9.62 9.62 21.95 21.95 4.50 4.50 64.91 64.91

SHS 72X72X4.8 1231 228.97 9.48 9.48 25.09 25.09 5.14 5.14 76.32 76.32

SHS 91.5X91.5X3.6 1232 229.15 12.46 12.46 34.21 34.21 7.01 7.01 76.38 76.38

SHS 91.5X91.5X4.5 1514 281.60 12.32 12.32 41.00 41.00 8.41 8.41 93.87 93.87

SHS 91.5X91.5X5.4 1785 332.01 12.18 12.18 47.14 47.14 9.66 9.66 110.67 110.67

SHS 113.5X113.5X4.8 2028 377.21 15.40 15.40 69.30 69.30 14.21 14.21 125.74 125.74

SHS 113.5X113.5X5.4 2260 420.36 15.33 15.33 76.23 76.23 15.63 15.63 140.12 140.12

SHS 132X132X4.8 2383 443.24 18.06 18.06 96.12 96.12 19.70 19.70 147.75 147.75

SHS 132X132X5.4 2660 494.76 17.95 17.95 106.08 106.08 21.75 21.75 164.92 164.92

SHS 150X150X4.0 2295 426.87 20.76 20.76 107.71 107.71 22.08 22.08 142.29 142.29

SHS 150X150X5.0 2836 527.50 20.62 20.62 130.95 130.95 26.84 26.84 175.83 175.83

SHS 150X150X6.0 3363 625.52 20.44 20.44 152.79 152.79 31.32 31.32 208.51 208.51

SHS 150X150X8.0 4379 814.49 20.09 20.09 192.40 192.40 39.44 39.44 271.50 271.50

SHS 180X180X4.0 2775 516.15 25.06 25.06 157.97 157.97 32.38 32.38 172.05 172.05

SHS 180X180X5.0 3436 639.10 24.89 24.89 192.99 192.99 39.56 39.56 213.03 213.03

SHS 180X180X6.0 4083 759.44 24.71 24.71 226.28 226.28 46.39 46.39 253.15 253.15

SHS 180X180X8.0 5339 993.05 24.40 24.40 287.86 287.86 59.01 59.01 331.02 331.02

SHS 220X220X6.0 5043 938.00 30.45 30.45 346.67 346.67 71.07 71.07 312.67 312.67

SHS 220X220X8.0 6619 1231.13 30.10 30.10 445.00 445.00 91.23 91.23 410.38 410.38

SHS 220X220X10 8143 1514.60 29.75 29.75 535.20 535.20 109.72 109.72 504.87 504.87

SHS 220X220X12 9614 1788.20 29.44 29.44 617.55 617.55 126.60 126.60 596.07 596.07

SHS 250X250X6.0 5763 1071.92 34.72 34.72 453.76 453.76 93.02 93.02 357.31 357.31

SHS 250X250X8.0 7579 1409.69 34.37 34.37 585.25 585.25 119.98 119.98 469.90 469.90

SHS 250X250X10 9343 1737.80 34.06 34.06 707.38 707.38 145.01 145.01 579.27 579.27

SHS 250X250X12 11054 2056.04 33.71 33.71 802.38 802.38 164.49 164.49 685.35 685.35

SECTIONAREA

TENSIONELASTIC

MODULUSDIRECTSHEAR

Allow.Tension

Ft(KN)

Allow.Length

Lx(m)

Allow.Length

Ly(m)

Allow.@X-X axis

Mxx(Knm)

Allow.@Y-Y axis

Myy(Knm)

Allow.@X-X axis

Fx(KN)

Allow.@Y-Y axis

Fy(KN)(mm )

2

BENDINGMOMENTS

ZyyZxx

SAFE LOAD CAPACITIES OF "TATA" SINGLE RHSMATERIAL: IS : 4923, GRADE : 310

154

RHS 50X25X3.2 413 76.82 5.88 3.36 4.65 3.04 0.95 0.62 25.61 51.21

RHS 66X33X2.9 519 96.53 8.01 4.65 8.28 5.53 1.70 1.13 32.18 64.36

RHS 66X33X3.6 628 116.81 7.87 4.51 9.66 6.37 1.98 1.31 38.94 77.87

RHS 66X33X4.5 758 140.99 7.70 4.37 11.10 7.23 2.28 1.48 47.00 93.99

RHS 96X48X3.2 854 158.84 11.90 6.89 20.54 13.87 4.21 2.84 52.95 105.90

RHS 96X48X4.0 1047 194.74 11.72 6.79 24.49 16.38 5.02 3.36 64.91 129.83

RHS 96X48X4.8 1231 228.97 11.55 6.65 27.99 18.56 5.74 3.80 76.32 152.64

RHS 122X61X3.6 1232 229.15 15.19 8.85 38.13 25.84 7.82 5.30 76.38 152.77

RHS 122X61X4.5 1514 281.60 15.01 8.71 45.73 30.75 9.37 6.30 93.87 187.74

RHS 122X61X5.4 1785 332.01 14.84 8.57 52.60 35.09 10.78 7.19 110.67 221.34

RHS 145X82X4.8 2028 377.21 18.30 11.76 76.57 55.73 15.70 11.42 125.74 251.47

RHS 145X82X5.4 2260 420.36 18.20 11.65 84.26 61.12 17.27 12.53 140.12 280.24

RHS 172X92X4.8 2383 443.24 21.70 13.37 106.64 75.41 21.86 15.46 147.75 295.49

RHS 172X92X5.4 2659 494.57 21.59 13.26 117.73 82.99 24.13 17.01 164.86 329.72

RHS 200X100X4.0 2295 426.87 25.31 14.23 119.97 82.16 24.59 16.84 142.29 284.58

RHS 200X100X5.0 2836 527.50 25.10 14.67 145.93 99.39 29.92 20.37 175.83 351.66

RHS 200X100X6.0 3363 625.52 24.92 14.49 170.33 115.38 34.92 23.65 208.51 417.01

RHS 200X100X8.0 4379 814.49 24.50 14.18 214.62 143.84 44.00 29.49 271.50 543.00

RHS 220X140X4.0 2775 516.15 28.91 20.44 172.06 135.38 35.27 27.75 172.05 344.10

RHS 220X140X5.0 3436 639.10 28.74 20.30 210.31 165.40 43.11 33.91 213.03 426.06

RHS 220X140X6.0 4083 759.44 28.53 20.13 246.47 193.10 50.53 39.59 253.15 506.29

RHS 220X140X8.0 5339 993.05 28.18 19.81 314.21 344.61 64.41 70.65 331.02 662.04

RHS 240X120X4.0 2775 516.15 30.52 17.89 175.89 120.89 36.06 24.78 172.05 344.10

RHS 240X120X5.0 3436 639.10 30.35 17.75 214.97 147.08 44.07 30.15 213.03 426.06

RHS 240X120X6.0 4083 759.44 30.14 17.57 252.16 171.74 51.69 35.21 253.15 506.29

RHS 240X120X8.0 5339 993.05 29.72 17.26 320.99 216.66 65.80 44.42 331.02 662.04

RHS 260X180X6.0 5043 938.00 34.34 25.90 373.53 307.05 76.57 62.95 312.67 625.33

RHS 260X180X8.0 6619 1231.13 33.99 25.59 479.90 393.12 98.38 80.59 410.38 820.76

RHS 260X180X10 8143 1514.60 33.60 25.27 577.65 471.58 118.42 96.67 504.87 1009.73

RHS 260X180X12 9614 1788.20 33.25 24.96 667.11 542.77 136.76 111.27 596.07 1192.14

RHS 300X150X6.0 5163 960.32 37.98 22.23 404.90 277.28 83.00 56.84 320.11 640.21

RHS 300X150X8.0 6779 1260.89 37.56 21.91 520.53 353.88 106.71 72.55 420.30 840.60

RHS 300X150X10 8343 1551.80 37.17 21.60 626.93 423.16 128.52 86.75 517.27 1034.53

RHS 300X150X12 9854 1832.84 36.75 21.28 724.41 485.47 148.50 99.52 610.95 1221.90

RHS 300X200X6.0 5763 1071.92 39.59 29.02 491.35 396.22 100.73 81.23 357.31 714.61

RHS 300X200X8.0 7579 1409.69 39.20 28.70 634.24 509.70 130.02 104.49 469.90 939.80

RHS 300X200X10 9343 1737.80 38.85 28.39 767.15 614.43 157.27 125.96 579.27 1158.53

RHS 300X200X12 11054 2056.04 38.47 28.07 890.39 710.43 182.53 145.64 685.35 1370.70

SECTIONAREA

TENSIONELASTIC

MODULUSDIRECTSHEAR

Allow.Tension

Ft(KN)

Allow.Length

Lx(m)

Allow.Length

Ly(m)

Allow.@X-X axis

Mxx(Knm)

Allow.@Y-Y axis

Myy(Knm)

Allow.@X-X axis

Fx(KN)

Allow.@Y-Y axis

Fy(KN)(mm )

2

BENDINGMOMENTS

ZyyZxx

PERMISSIBLE AXIAL COMPRESSIVE STRESS (Yst 310 Grade)

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 300 350

186 183 178 169 157 143 128 113 99 87 77 67 60 53 47 42 38 34 31 28 26 23 22 20 18 13 10

1/r

Ac

OTHER ALLOWABLE STRESS VALUES (IN Mpa)

SteelGrade

MinimumYield Stress

MinimumUTS

Axial Stress inTension

Bending Stressin Ten. or Compn.

ShearStress

BearingStress

EquivalantStress

Yst 310 310 450 186 205 140 232 279

SectionType Grade

Mechanical Properties

YST UTS % of Elongation

Mpa Mpa

156

SECTION PROPERTIES

Properties of Tata Structura (Square Hollow Sections)YST 310 Grade

157

Properties of Tata Structura (Rectangular Hollow Sections)YST 310 Grade

158

Properties of Tata Structura (Circular Hollow Sections)YST 310 Grade

Pipe Supporting Structure,

Tata Steel, Jamshedpur

Tata Steel Limited (Tubes SBU)

43, Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Kolkata - 700 071

Tel : +91 33 2224 8160, 2224 8636, Fax: +91 33 2288 6996

E-mail:tatastructura@tatasteel.com, Web: www.tatastructura.com

Call our toll free Helpline : 1800 345 8282

Proper care has been taken to ensure that all data and information herein is factual

and that numerical values are accurate.

To the best of our knowledge, all information contained in the manual is accurate at

the time of publication. However, Tata Steel does not assume any responsibility for

error in or interpretationof information in thismanual or in its use.

vers

usad@

gm

ail.

com

October 2011

Commonwealth Games Village, Delhi