Surat Al-’Aadiyat Tafseer

Surat al-’Aadiyat*Chapter 100*

*Revealed in Makkah*

Surat Al-`Aadiyatم� م�ي �� ر ٱل م ـ� ر ح� �� ر ٱل م� ٱلل م� ح� م�

� �حا ض�ب ت� ـ� د�ي �عـ� و�ال � ق�د�حا ت� ـ� ف�الم&ور�ي � �حا ص&ب ت� �م&غ�ير� ف�ال � �ق�عا ن �ه� ب ن� �ر� ث

� ف�أ � ج�م�عا �ه� ب ف�و�س�ط�ن�

&ود9 �ن �ك ل =ه� ب �ر� ل ـن� �نس� اإل �ن@ إ ه�يد9 ل�ش� �ك� ذ�ل ع�ل�ى @ه& �ن و�إ د�يد9 ل�ش� �ر� ي �خ� ال �ح&ب= ل @ه& �ن و�إ

&ور �ق&ب ال ف�ى م�ا �ر� &ع�ث ب �ذ�ا إ �م& �ع�ل ي � �ف�ال أ الصPد&ور� ف�ى م�ا و�ح&ص=ل�

�ير9 ب @خ� ل Sذ� �و�م�ئ ي �ه�م� ب @ه&م ب ر� �ن@ إ

In the Name of Allâh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

1. By the (steeds) that run, with panting.2.  Striking sparks of fire (by their hooves).

3.  And scouring to the raid at dawn.4.  And raise the dust in clouds the while.

5.  And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst (of the foe).

6.  Verily, man (disbeliever) is ungrateful to his Lord.7.  And to that he bears witness (by his deeds).8.  And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.9.  Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are

poured forth (all mankind is resurrected)?10. And that which is in the breasts (of men) shall be made

known?11.  Verily, that Day (i.e., the Day of Resurrection) their Lord

will be Well-Acquainted with them (as to their deeds and will reward them for their deeds).

Al-`Aadiyat ~ The Racers

IntroductionTone:

Intensity and HorrorWar elementsThe tumbling out of what is in the gravesThe exposure of the deepest secrets that hearts

conceal

Justifies the events of the Day of Judgment

Learn:  Attitude of human beingCarelessness w/o fear of consequences

What were the Arabs interested in?

Before Islam: People were roughFights were very

commonEntertainment industry:

Poetry; ancient version of a concert

Allah talks about What people want to

hear aboutNot about justice,

helping, etc.

Arab Interest Our Version

Battle

s

Actio

n M

ovie

s

Horse

s

Cars

5 Oaths in this SurahTo get Kuffar’s attention!

Speaker has to do something to get your attention first

People say, “I swear” I’m serious; also to get your attention

Surat al- ‘Aadiyat starts with Allah taking an oath

Allah sets up an argument in the mind of the listener

In Qur’an:Object of oath is preparing you for subject of

oath

� ب�حا ض� ت� ال�ع�ـد�يـ� و�By the (steeds) that run, with panting.

Imagery:  Battle field and Fast Battle Horses  Adiyat: running in battle against enemy; charging towards enemy using its fullest

potential Adi: group waiting to attack

I swear by battling horses …. Trailer of action movie: ex. Exciting scene! Female horses ~ faster in battle like an exotic car Headed right into battle

Dhabha: the panting of horse when engaged in aggressive motion Horse is going as fast as it can & marching toward an enemy (known for the

word Adiyat) No Break Dhabh ~ originally used for wolves Pack of wolves do not attack unless they think they can win Battling horses compared to pack of wolves

Allah has the Arabs’ attention Imagination On top of his horse and marching in full speed and can hear the

panting

� د�حا ق� ت� الم2ور�يـ� ف�Striking sparks of fire

Fa:Letters that connect one sentence to anotherA continuation of the scene, more details of same scene

Falmuriyat: From Ira = to start a fire when two things rub against each

otherHorses cause sparks as they are run fast ~ scene intensified

Qadha: very loud gallops

Small group of bandits and sparks are flying

� ب�حا ص2 ت� غ�ير� ال�م2 ف�And scouring to the raid at dawn.

Horse reaches the enemy and is on top of enemyHorses have delivered the rider

Falmughiraat: from Ghara ambushIghara: intent to kill; rob and pillage; used for criminal

behavior; to go deep into something

Subha: morning time

Ambushed enemy in morning timeMorning shows that the riders have confidence

� عا ن�ق� ب�ه� ن� �ث�ر� أ ف�And raise the dust in clouds the while.

Transition from noun to verbs so action intensified

Athara: caused (the horses) to riseNaq’a: a cloud of dust; something moving

really fast

Bihi: could be referred to Morning sand is damp; doesn’t rise, even though, dust is rising anyway OR Striking of horses

� عا م� ج� ب�ه� ط�ن� و�س� ف�And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.

 Final part of oath

Wasatna: penetrate to middle of something Because of the cloud of dust, they penetrate

in a group(jam’a) to the middle Penetrated into heart of the gathering;

cruising into the middle Where is the enemy?  All around them!

Jam’a: all of them So you don’t go all out: you don’t throw all your horses at once, no back up

  After these ayats, attention towards climactic moment What happens? Scene

goes blank Arabs love the loyal battle horse who is willing to risk his own life for his

master Now Allah will present the subject:

If mentioned subject before no one will pay attention

Eل�ك�ن2ود بIه� ل�ر� ـن� اإل�نس� Lإ�ن No doubt the human being is not loyal to his Lord.

You are a slave and you have a Master, and you are not loyal at all

Kanood:  ungrateful to the favors; only complainsAllah has even given ability over animals, Allah has given human being so much so he would obey Him on earthBut one’s intellect, knowledge, civilization is used to rob, pillage

Kanood: to cut apartHuman being disassociates himself from his masterEspecially when he comes to his master, he is

extremely ungratefulNo loyalty

Ungrateful = Unhappy!!!

Forgive me When I Whine

Eيد ه� ل�ش� ذ�ل�ك� ع�ل�ى �نLه2 إ و�And to that He bears witness.

He is truly a witness of his ungratefulnessEffects are manifested on his behaviorUses the thing Allah has given him to disobey Him

Shaheed: Witness to his disloyalty all the timeRobbing and pillaging, what he owns, man uses it disobey

Allah

You are a against your own self!

Qur’an makes one feel deep inside himself; not an intellectual argument

Eد�يد ل�ش� ي�ر� ال�خ� Iب ل�ح2 �نLه2 إ و� And no doubt his love of wealth is intense.

Li: word that gives purpose I am studying for a degree for : purpose For used for love (hubb)

Hubb: perception that something desirable: you do whatever you can to get it, you think it is

really good for you:  call it love

Love of what?

Khair: good; here it means wealth could be bad Allah is translating the mentality of humans: humans think wealth is

good

Shadeed: tough Tied up in it bent on maintenance of his wealth

Or do you know another song about love of wealth?

ب2ور ال�ق2 ف�ى ا م� ب2ع�ث�ر� �ذ�ا إ ي�ع�ل�م2 ال� أ�ف�Does he then not know when whatever is in the grave will be yanked out and pulled

out from deep within?

Bathara: box full of stuff, you look for something, turn upside down to find itEverything in the graves

will come outPeople you killed

(ambush) for love of wealth will come out

Most killing on earth is due to Loving of wealth

د2ور� الص\ ف�ى ا م� ل� Iو�ح2صAnd that which is in the breasts shall be made known.

Hussila: whatever in chest will be brought outEverything scraped out of

chest

Last Surah (Zalzala): smallest deed mentioned

But actions are not in chestThis ayat goes one step forward:

What is inside? Intent motives in this Surah

Hubbil khair: testimony to disloyalty to Allah, love of wealth

This completes the picture: Outside (Zalzala) and Inside

(‘Aaidyat)

Intentions

Eب�ير لLخ� ئ�ذ_ م� ي�و� م� ب�ه� م بLه2 ر� Lإ�نVerily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.

No doubt, esp. regards to them (bihim)

Yawmaidhin:  On that day

Lakhabeer: He will be fully knowledgeable

Conclusion• Carefree attitude,

pillages and people not worried of consequences!

Surah begins with:

• Someone who has full knowledge of what is outside and inside!

Surah ends with:

Surat Al-`Aadiyat