Supportive connective tissueCartilage

Mrs. Dalia Kamal Eldien

MSC in Microbiology Lecture NO 5

Objectives

• Revision of connective tissue classification • Definition of supportive connective tissue • Functions of supportive connective tissue • Definition of cartilage& it is functions• Constituents of cartilage• Types of cartilage

Connective tissue proper Fluid connective tissue Supporting connective tissue

Connective Tissue

Dense connectivetissue

Loose connectivetissue

Lymph Cartilage BoneBlood

What are the subcategories of the three main categories of connective tissue?

Specialized connective tissue is further subdivided into :Adipose connective tissueReticular connective tissueElastic connective tissueCartilage Supportive connective tissueBoneBlood Fluid connective tissueLymph

Classification of connective tissue

SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

DEFINITION The tissue that support and makes the framework of

body is called supportive connective tissue.

Types Supportive connective tissue is of two types:

1. Cartilage

2. Bone

Together bones and cartilage make up the skeleton.

SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

FUNCTIONS OF SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

• Support

• Protection(skull protect brain, vertebrate protect

the spinal cord, ribs protect the lungs)

• Storage of minerals (calcium and phosphorus)

• Site for Hematopoiesis (red bone marrow )

SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

CARTILAGE: Is a flexible connective tissue found in many areas in

the body of humans and other animals, including the joints between bones, ribs, ear, nose, bronchial tubes and the intervertebral discs.

It is not hard and rigid as bone but is stiffer and less flexible than muscle.

Constituents of cartilage:• It is made up of cells called chondroblasts and

chondrocytes, (chondro - cartilage) and extracellular matrix.

• Extracellular matrix made up about 10% aggrecan, 75% water, and a mix of collagen fibers  and elastic fibers in varying proportions based on local biomechanical needs of the organs in which it is located.

SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

• CARTILAGE• Features

– Flexible tissue

– Contains no blood vessels or nerves

– Matrix contains up to 80% water

– Cell type – chondrocyte

Chondrocytes

Chondrocytes

SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

• Function of cartilage

– Supports soft tissue of the body.

– It provides smooth sliding surfaces in the joints

to facilitate bone movement.

– Cartilage is essential for the growth of the long

bones before and after birth.

SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

• Types:

– Hyaline– Elastic– Fibrocartilage

SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

HYALINE CARTILAGE• This type of cartilage has a glassy appearance when

fresh, hence its name, as hyalos (is Greek word for glassy). 

• Hyaline cartilage has widely dispersed fine collagen fibers, which strengthen it

• it is the weakest of the three types of cartilage.• Description

– Collagen fibers– Chondroblasts produce matrix– Chondrocytes lie in lacunae

Hyaline cartilage

SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

• Location

– Ends of long bones

– Costal cartilage of ribs

– Cartilages of nose, trachea, and larynx Location

SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

• ELASTIC• In elastic cartilage, the chondrocytes are found in

a threadlike network of elastic fibers within the matrix.

• Elastic cartilage provides strength, and elasticity, and maintains the shape of certain structure such as the external ear.

• Description– Similar to hyaline cartilage– More elastic fibers in matrix

• Function – Maintains shape of structure– Allows great flexibility

Elastic cartilge

SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

• Location

– Supports external ear

– Epiglottis

SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

• FIBROCARTILAGE This is the strongest kind of cartilage, because it has

alternating layers of hyaline cartilage matrix and thick layers of dense collagen fibers oriented in the direction of functional

• Description– Matrix similar, but less firm than hyaline cartilage– Thick collagen fibers predominate– Chondrocyte are lie in rows and isogenic groups

• Function– Tensile strength and ability to absorb compressive

shock

Fibro cartilge

SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

• Location

– Inter vertebral discs

– Discs of knee joint