Supporting Collaborative Supporting Collaborative Learning Activities with Learning Activities with

SCORMSCORMAlbert Ip, Digital Learning SystemsAlbert Ip, Digital Learning Systems

Ric Canale, University of MelbourneRic Canale, University of Melbourne

SCORM ObjectiveSCORM Objective

Content interoperabilityContent interoperability Across different LMSAcross different LMS Sharable Content Objects - SCOsSharable Content Objects - SCOs

Why SCORM?Why SCORM?

““not for Higher Education”not for Higher Education” Why not?Why not? Can the deficiencies be rectified?Can the deficiencies be rectified? And remain consistent with ADL objectives?And remain consistent with ADL objectives?

Structured Collaborative Structured Collaborative LearningLearning

Online debateOnline debate Online role-playOnline role-play Peer-reviewed group projectsPeer-reviewed group projects Customised discussion forumsCustomised discussion forums And more …And more …

Technical characteristicsTechnical characteristics

Asynchronous/synchronous/mostly quasi-Asynchronous/synchronous/mostly quasi-asynchronousasynchronous

Role assignment and managementRole assignment and management Activity support, data sharing and storageActivity support, data sharing and storage

Typical LMS running SCORMTypical LMS running SCORM

Student views a series of SCOs delivered by the Student views a series of SCOs delivered by the LMSLMS

LMSLMS

SCO 1SCO 1 SCO 2SCO 2 SCO 3SCO 3

SCORM and collaboration in SCORM and collaboration in parallelparallel

SCOs delivered by the LMS and collaborative SCOs delivered by the LMS and collaborative activities in parallel via the LMS.activities in parallel via the LMS.

LMSLMS

SCO 1SCO 1 SCO 2SCO 2 SCO 3SCO 3

Collaboration Tool

Proposed modelProposed model

SCOs delivered by the LMS and some SCOs call SCOs delivered by the LMS and some SCOs call collaboration services via the LMS.collaboration services via the LMS.

LMSLMS

SCO 1SCO 1 SCO 2SCO 2 SCO 3SCO 3

Collaboration Server

Possible EML modelPossible EML model

The Collaborative activity is modelled in EML and The Collaborative activity is modelled in EML and delivered by the LMSdelivered by the LMS

EML - EML - instructor, learner, resourceinstructor, learner, resource Collaborative learning?Collaborative learning?

LMSLMS

SCO 1SCO 1 SCO 2SCO 2 SCO 3SCO 3

Implementation overviewImplementation overview

SCORM run-time communicationsSCORM run-time communications Introduce new command - Introduce new command - LMSPreinitialize()LMSPreinitialize()

Extend data model to specifyExtend data model to specify collaboration servicescollaboration services instantiation data for collaborative activityinstantiation data for collaborative activity These are 14 course related data elements and 11 These are 14 course related data elements and 11

session related data elementssession related data elements

Implementation DetailsImplementation Details

Can be found in the paper…Can be found in the paper… Includes workflow implicationsIncludes workflow implications Typical use scenariosTypical use scenarios

Annotation toolAnnotation tool Online debate as an example structured Online debate as an example structured

collaborative learning activitycollaborative learning activity

The model as a general solutionThe model as a general solution

Apply to services other than those of a Apply to services other than those of a collaboration servercollaboration server Library servicesLibrary services NewsfeedNewsfeed Content repositoriesContent repositories New pedagogical support toolsNew pedagogical support tools

ConclusionConclusion