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SUPPORTED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION’S OBNOVA AND PHARE PROGRAMMES
EIA TRAINING RESOURCE MANUAL FOR SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE
Screening
2
SCREENING
SUPPORTED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION’S OBNOVA AND PHARE PROGRAMMES
EIA TRAINING RESOURCE MANUAL FOR SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE
*Public involvement typically occurs at these points. It may also occur at any other stage of the EIA Process
Information from this process contributes to effective EIA in the future
No EIA
Initial environmental examination
EIA required
Approved
Not approved
Redesign
Resubmit
Proposal identification
*Public involvement
Screening
Scoping
Impact analysis
Mitigation and impact
management
EIA report
Review
Decision-making
Implementation and post-EIA monitoring
3
SCREENING
SUPPORTED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION’S OBNOVA AND PHARE PROGRAMMES
EIA TRAINING RESOURCE MANUAL FOR SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE
What is screening?
The screening process determines:• whether or not EIA is required for a particular
project• what level of EIA is required
4
SCREENING
SUPPORTED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION’S OBNOVA AND PHARE PROGRAMMES
EIA TRAINING RESOURCE MANUAL FOR SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE
Screening outcomes
Full or comprehensive EIA required Limited EIA required No EIA required
5
SCREENING
SUPPORTED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION’S OBNOVA AND PHARE PROGRAMMES
EIA TRAINING RESOURCE MANUAL FOR SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE
Screening tools
Project lists:
• Inclusive — listed projects must undergo EIA
• Exclusive — listed projects exempted from EIA
Case-by-case examinations:
• determine whether projects may have significant environmental effects
• if so, project should undergo EIA
Combination of above
6
SCREENING
SUPPORTED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION’S OBNOVA AND PHARE PROGRAMMES
EIA TRAINING RESOURCE MANUAL FOR SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE
A framework for screening
Mandatory EIA
Case-by-case consideration of requirement
for EIA
EIA ruled out
Inclusive threshold
Indicative threshold
Exclusive threshold
Incr
easi
ng im
pact
Incr
easi
ng im
pact
7
SCREENING
SUPPORTED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION’S OBNOVA AND PHARE PROGRAMMES
EIA TRAINING RESOURCE MANUAL FOR SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE
Screening in accordance with the EC EIA Directive
Mandatory application: Annex I to the EC EIA Directive lists projects for which an EIA is always required.
Discretionary application: Projects listed in Annex II require screening by case-by-case examination or by reference to thresholds criteria that are established by the member state. In doing so, the following criteria listed in Annex III need to be taken into account:
• project characteristics;• project location; and• characteristics of potential environmental impacts.
Screening results of Annex II projects must be made available to the public. (Art. 2.4)
8
SCREENING
SUPPORTED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION’S OBNOVA AND PHARE PROGRAMMES
EIA TRAINING RESOURCE MANUAL FOR SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE
‘Traffic Light’ approach to screening(an example of applying the EC EIA Directive)
Indicative or Guidance Thresholds and
Criteria
Inclusion or Mandatory Thresholds and Criteria
Exclusion Threshold Criteria
EIA is required
Need for EIA must be considered
No EIA is required
e.g. Annex I projects of Directive
e.g. Annex II projects that are not considered having significantly env. impacts + military developments
excluded from EIA
e.g. Annex II, except excluded ones, have to be
screened against Annex III criteria
9
SCREENING
SUPPORTED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION’S OBNOVA AND PHARE PROGRAMMES
EIA TRAINING RESOURCE MANUAL FOR SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE
Screening in accordance withEC Guidance on Screening
Is the project likely to have a significant effect on a Natura 2000 site EIA
required
EIA Not required
EIA required
EIA Not required
EIA required
EIA Not required
Step 5 - Recording the Screen Decision
STEP 2 Is the project on a Mandatory List under Member State Legislation
STEP 3 Is the project on an Exclusion List Exempting it from EIA
STEP 4 Case-by-case Consideration: Is the Project likely to have significant effects on the environment
STEP 1 Is the project listed in an Annex I or II
No
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
10
SCREENING
SUPPORTED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION’S OBNOVA AND PHARE PROGRAMMES
EIA TRAINING RESOURCE MANUAL FOR SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE
Screening in accordance withWorld Bank procedure
All proposals submitted to the World Bank must undergo environmental screening.
Environmental screening results for projects are classified into one of three EIA categories:
• Category A proposals require full EIA
• Category B proposals require partial EIA
• Category C proposals do not require EIA
11
SCREENING
SUPPORTED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION’S OBNOVA AND PHARE PROGRAMMES
EIA TRAINING RESOURCE MANUAL FOR SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE
Screening in accordance withEBRD procedure
All proposals must undergo environmental screening to identify potential environmental risks and liabilities.
As with the World Bank, all proposals are classified into one of three EIA categories (A,B, or C).
Screening also determines if an Environmental Audit is required. If ‘yes’, the proposal is classified as Category 1, if ‘no’, it is classified as Category 0.
12
SCREENING
SUPPORTED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION’S OBNOVA AND PHARE PROGRAMMES
EIA TRAINING RESOURCE MANUAL FOR SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE
Screening in accordance with the Espoo Convention
All proposed activities listed in Appendix I to the Convention have
to be screened for possibly significant, adverse transboundary impacts.
General guidance for determining the significance adverse transboundary
impacts is provided in Appendix III to the Convention.
In addition, concerned parties may discuss whether other activities
not listed in Appendix I to the Convention are likely to cause significant
adverse transboundary impacts and are thus subject to transboundary EIA.
13
SCREENING
SUPPORTED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION’S OBNOVA AND PHARE PROGRAMMES
EIA TRAINING RESOURCE MANUAL FOR SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE
Recommended elements for effective screening in SEE countries
Mandatory application of EIA should be based on the list established in Annex I of the EC EIA Directive.
Discretionary application of EIA should be based on the list established in Annex II of the EC Directive. For these projects, case-by-case screening should be applied, based on criteria defined in Annex III to the EC Directive. This will enable the fulfilment of EBRD and World Bank screening requirements.
All projects that require EIA should be immediately screened for potential transboundary impacts, based on the criteria established in Appendix III to the Espoo Convention.