Support concept for creation and use of doctrines

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Research Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics

Ergonomics and Information Systems KIE

Support concept for creation and use of doctrinesSupport concept for creation and use of doctrines

How to Present Planning Items in a Combat Direction SystemAnnette Kaster, FGAN-FKIE, Werthhoven, Germany

IST-036/RWS-005 Halden, Norway

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ContentContent

Ergonomic support concept for creation and use of marine doctrines

Prototype demonstration

Representation and visualisation issues

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target system: F124 Combat System (CS) T1

Configuration of SensorsConfiguration of Sensors

RAM a(Blk 0/1)

VLS Mk 41(24 SM-2, Blk IIIA, 32 ESSM)

RAM f(Blk 0/1)

andand Effectors Effectors

EW

Combat Direction System

LINKASuW

COMMS

NAVASW

AAWS

Smart-LAPAR

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Doctrines ...

... configure the system behaviour

... allow depending on situation data (tactical, technical, environmental)

a timely confirmation of weapon systems

a definition of essential parameter adjustments

=>considerable influence on system behaviour

... support the user in time-critical situations

... considerate mission situations (threat, geography, etc.)

... control a multitude of parameters (situation data ~ 27.000, operational parameters ~ 760)

situation dependent events „trigger“ doctrines

time dependent events „trigger“ „TimeTables“

T3

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Doctrines

structure:

Trigger -> Condition --> Action

ON .. -> IF ... --> THEN

Trigger/Condition: time, OperatorAction, any kind of events

Action: modification of values of operational parameters,

Operator Notification, Activation (De-) of doctrines

Example Doctrine: Air_Threat_Warning_Red• on ATW Shift• If ATW = RED• then Effector Params = ready• ON = "Check Chaff Course; Comms to plain,

weapons to state ready "

T3

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Doctrine developer:Creation of basic doctrines and time tables

Mission planner:Selection of doctrines

Determination of"Formal parameters"

user:Use of doctrines

PreparedDoctrine

Database

MissionDoctrine

Database

Mission

On

land

On

boar

dprocess:doctrine creation/ administration/ use

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Doctrine database

Main control unit

• system-parameter

• notification

Situational data

Inference engine

trigger

doctrines

User interfaces:

visualisation of

situational data

(GIS/displays)

visualisation of situational parameters

(text/graphics/flow charts/

process diagrams)

monitoring and control of system parameter

time tables and doctrines

technical und tactical data and mission data

simulation control, monitoring and activation and deactivation of doctrines

• scenario• own ship data• cinematics• mission data• object relations

Doctrine editor

actions

DB management

time control

"UkENDo"-Demonstrator (architecture)

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Scenario

Hafenlinie12-Meilen-Zone

ADEX Start

ADEX Ende

Area Silkworm

Harm / Kormoran

>> HOSTILE / SUSPECT

EMCON Plan

automatic-iff-interrogation

IFF wartime ID codes

>> FAKER / JOKER

Radarsteuerung Hafengrenze 12-Meilen-Zone Vorbereitung ADEX Transit

Vorbereitung ADEX

MirageSea Harrier

SURFEX Start

SURFEX EndeTransit

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Scenario - Time Frame

LegendeAktivierung

Timetable

Group of Doctrines

Air Threat Warnings

Operation

Transit Yellow Phase ADEX Yellow Phase SurfEX Yellow Phase Transit Mission

Phase

270900 09001500 1800 2100 0300 0600 0900 1500 2100

290000 06001200

280000 1200 1800 0300

Ausführung

Set Sensor Parameter AAW

Set Effector Parameter AAW

Prep. Transit Yellow Phase

Transit START



Prep. ADEX Yellow Phase



Prep. SurfEX Yellow Phase



ADEX START

Transit STOP

SurfEX START

SurfEX STOP

ADEX STOP

Mirage Threat

PA 200 Threat (Harm/Kom.)

Sea Harrier Threat

Entering Leaving Area Harbour

Starvanger

Entering Leaving Area 12 miles

EMCON

Firing Sequence

Entering Leaving SilkwormSubTimetable

Radar Mode Norm Short

Open Ocean Explorer UkENDo

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Doctrine database

Main control unit


• notification

Situational data

Inference engine

trigger

doctrines

User interfaces:

visualisation of

situational data

(GIS/displays)



process diagrams)





• szenario• own ship data• cinematics• mission data• object relations

Doctrine editor

actions

DB management

time control


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Doctrine editor: ergonomical aspects

Uniformed structure of all forms for definition of doctrines/TT

user guided dialog task oriented handling reuse of components definition of rules components in the language of the user recurring elements for ergonomic consistency selective lists for consistent input reuse of rules user support by presettings (defaults, range of values, ...) graphical displays for formatted inputs explanation component modification of rules all the time automatic set-up of the rule base

Uniformed structure of all forms for definition of doctrines/TT

user guided dialog task oriented handling reuse of components definition of rules components in the language of the user recurring elements for ergonomic consistency selective lists for consistent input reuse of rules user support by presettings (defaults, range of values, ...) graphical displays for formatted inputs explanation component modification of rules all the time automatic set-up of the rule base

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Doctrine database: ergonomical aspects

Overview of the actual planning state different views for doctrines hierarchical representation of doctrines

TimeTable -> SubTimeTable -> Timed Action Doctrine-group -> doctrine -> Immediate Action

Fading in and out of hierarchical levels user guided dialog Context related representation Effective recherches

Overview of the actual planning state different views for doctrines hierarchical representation of doctrines

TimeTable -> SubTimeTable -> Timed Action Doctrine-group -> doctrine -> Immediate Action

Fading in and out of hierarchical levels user guided dialog Context related representation Effective recherches

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Bild Doktrinen-Editor

Doctrine editor:setup / structure / functionality

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Doctrine database:setup / structure / functionality

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Doctrine database

Main control unit


• notification

Situational data

Inference engine

trigger

doctrines

User interfaces:

visualisation of

situational data

(GIS/displays)



process diagrams)





• scenario• own ship data• cinematics• mission data• object relations

Doctrine editor

actions

DB management

time control

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Situation database: user interface

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Doctrine database

Main control unit


• notification

Situational data

Inference engine

trigger

doctrines

User interfaces:

visualisation of

situational data

(GIS/displays)



process diagrams)





• szenario• own ship data• cinematics• mission data• object relations

Doctrine editor

actions

DB management

time control

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demonstrator: main control unit

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Demonstrator: output component

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Representation and Visualisation issuesRepresentation and Visualisation issuesConsequences, Problems and Further ResearchConsequences, Problems and Further Research

The variety and magnitude of data and the unpredictability of mission requirements demand support in controlling, interpreting and visualising the system state as well as the parameter adjustments.- Manual intervention has to be enabled- Complete automation is not conceivable due to the complexity of mission situations.

Current constraints:- automation opposed to user-orientation- UI development in several components by various companies- restricted tools for the design of the UI especially for graphics

Issues to be addressed:- Visualisation of the system state with regard to the qualitative effect of parameter values (reading access).- Optimised tools for safe and situation related direct control of parameter adjustments (writing access).

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Representation and Visualisation issuesRepresentation and Visualisation issuesAspects to be ConsideredAspects to be Considered

- Representation of operational parameters’ adjustments;development of "orientation guides" and procedures considering the diversity of parameter values and their logical groupings

- Representation procedures for clarifying the coaction of various parameters (e.g. parameters in "function chains", mission- and user-conditional dependencies)

- Representation of the actual system state and an anticipated system state (projection) after parameter changes

- Change of single parameter values either manually on the basis of the presented system state or automatically by the use of doctrines.Representation of critical effects in the overall context of parameter settings.

- Representation of conflict cases, e.g. detection of doctrines that are inconsistent with manually modified parameter values or that are inconsistent with automatically created doctrines.

Documents

Support concept for creation and use of doctrines