Supervisor Safety Training Page 1 Logging Industry

Supervisor Safety Training

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Logging Industry


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Accident Investigation

Role of the Supervisor

Legal Responsibilities

OSHA Requirements

Accident Prevention

Hazard Assessment

TOPICS of DISCUSSION


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SUPERVISORSLEGAL

RESPONSIBILITIES


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Ethical and moral duty, you have a legal responsibility for safety as a supervisor.

Federal law; supervisors can be held criminally liable for serious injury or death of an employee if proved negligent in their duties.

Fines/prison time for serious and/or willful violations.


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Access Paths/Roads

Public Roads Power lines

Job Site Responsibilities


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SMZ, Water QualityRailways

Crossover cutting

Gas lines OSHA/Safety Regulations

Pollution

Who’s responsible for sub-contractors ??

Other areas:


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SUPERVISORY DUTIES


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Responsibilities

Develop Safety Programs

Encourage positive behavior

Enforce safety rules and safety policies

Set the example

Communication skills

Training employees


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Responsibilities

Shall not willfully or recklessly interfere with or misuse anything provided in the interests of health safety or welfare.

Shall not place at risk the health or safety of employees.

Administer or support action taken by employer to comply with state and federal regulations.

Enforce safety policies and safety rules.

Correct hazard situations and seek ways to improve safety.


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Training requirements:

General and specific safety rules to be followed Work area and general hazards that may exist Supervisor’s safety expectations Accident/unsafe conditions reporting procedures Job specific training

New Employee Orientation


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Daily safety briefing Weekly / monthly safety meetings Pre-task training On the job safety training Machinery lockout/tagout safety Chainsaw training

Continuous Training


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OSHA Training requirements

Lockout/tagout procedures Emergency Evacuation Plan Hazard Communication Personal Protective Equipment

Initial Training


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Fire Prevention Plan Bloodborne Pathogens Hazard Material Handling Hearing Conservation

Annual Training


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Sender Message Receiver

Communication Skills

Communication achieves one of four goals:

To get action Inform Convince Entertain

What is communication?


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Follow company rules, policies, and procedures.

Always be consistent in your approach.

Do not play favoritism with employees.

Your actions will always speak louder than words.

Set the Example


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Safety Rules and Policies

-

Responsibility

Enforcement - must make sure everyone follows safe working procedures.

Job specific safety rules for each task in the workplace.

Enforceable safety rules that apply to all employees.

Require employee commitment in writing.

Safety Rules


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Assignment of Authority- Supervisors provide leadership- Safety committee

Safety Programs

Successful safety programs must have the following:

Management commitment - Real commitment - Active participation


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Safety programs achieve:

Reduce Costs Associated with Injuries Average cost of injury $10,000. Indirect cost ~ 50 times direct cost. Insurance cost is reflected in your net profit. Losses are held against employer for 3 years.

Reduce Equipment Damage

Comply with OSHA Regulations

Reduce Number of Injuries

Lost time/productivity, low morale


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Logging Safety Statistics

Logging injuries are twice as high as other general industry.

The number of lost workdays for loggers is three times the average.

Each week in the South:

1 logger dies

10 suffer disabilities

100 receive medical treatment


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23% occur getting on and off machinery.

24% occur using chainsaws to fell or limb.

25% occur doing machine maintenance or repairs.

40% occur to workers with less than one year on the job.

41% occur on log decks.

Where Loggers Get Hurt


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Supervisors look for safety:

Does feller check for overhead hazards before felling a tree?

Are workers a safe distance from moving skidders and pull logs?

Are workers exposed to overhead hazards wearing hardhats?

Does loader operator avoid swinging boom over other workers?

Do deckman maintain a safe distance from the loader?

Are workers operating chainsaws wearing protective chaps?

Does feller check for overhead hazards before felling a tree?

Are workers a safe distance from trees being felled?


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Unsafe behaviors should be your focus Failure to use PPE, safe guards, and job procedures are concerns that can be corrected.

Employee attitudes Carelessness, “bad attitude” are not directly observable, hard to change.

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Safety programs

Focus on Behaviors before Attitudes


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Unsafe behavior or attitude ??


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OSHAREQUIREMENTS


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Effectively implement safety program(s).

Enforcement of safety rules.

Safety equipment use (PPE, guarding).

Correct & report hazards as soon as possible.

Document all safety activities.

Cooperate with an OSHA officer.

OSHA Requirements


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Consultative Services

Consultants are available on a request only basis. They will visit a logging site and provide advice on safety programs and required safety standards.

Loggers scheduled for consultative review and are not subject to inspection by any other OSHA group.

No penalties are assessed, only a commitment by the logger to heed advice and make any recommended changes.

Requests are treated on a confidential basis. No information is shared with other OSHA groups.


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Hazard Communication Program

Written Hazard Communication Plan

Inventory of Hazardous materials

System of labeling containers

Material Safety Data Sheets

Employee Training

Make written plan readily available to employees


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Identify and evaluate hazards at the job site.

Communicate hazardous materials information to employees.

Purpose:


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Any material which may pose a substantial health hazard to humans of the environment when released or spilled into the environment.

Hazard material:

Hazards materials can cause measurable changes in the body such as decreased pulmonary function.

Effects:


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Health Hazards are listed in two categories:

Chronic effects generally occur as a result of “Long Term” exposure and are of a long duration

Chronic Hazard

Acute effects usually occur rapidly as a result of “Short Term” exposure and are of short duration

Acute Hazard


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APPROPRIATE HAZARD WARNINGS: DANGER WARNING CAUTION

Label requirements:

NAME & ADDRESS OF MANUFACTURER

IDENTITY OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS

EMERGENCY PHONE NUMBERS

PPE REQUIREMENTS FOR HANDLING MATERIAL


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Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

The MSDS(s) must be readily available and accessible to employees.

Should be kept in a central location in the workplace.

Employees must receive initial familiarization training and any time a new material hazard is introduced into the workplace.

MSDS(s) must be current and up-to-date.

Must be maintained in the workplace for a period of not less than 30 years.

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Bloodborne Pathogens Program

To provide safe working conditions to protect employeesfrom unnecessary exposure tohealth hazards.

OSHA estimates 5.6 million workers are

Purpose:

OSHA concern:

at risk to bloodborne pathogens such as human imunodeficiency

(HIV) and Hepatitis (HBV).


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Communicating the hazards to employees.

Enforce the wear of appropriate PPE.

Enforce decontamination and waste control procedures.

Recording cases of exposure.

Ensure medical procedures are followed if exposure occurs.

Supervisor Responsibilities

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The purpose of lockout/tagout is to prevent energy sources from accidentally being released while a machine or equipment is being serviced.

The ultimate goal of lockout/tagout is to protect the safety andhealth of employees.

Lockout/Tagout Program

“Over 70% of all accidents come from improperly applied procedures or non-compliance”


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Develop company policy for implementing lockout/tagout procedures for the control of hazard energy during maintenance operations.

Management Responsibilities

Train authorized and affected employees on proper use of procedures.

Establish written machine-specific procedures to include applying the locks and tags, release, and notification from lockout.


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Supervisors Responsibilities

Ensure employees receive initial training on lockout/tagout.

Ensure retraining if job assignments change, new machines, control procedures or modifications occurs.

Monitor refresher training to keep employees up-to-date.

Enforcement of machine-specific procedures to include applying the locks and tags, release, and notification from lockout.

Check for shortcuts, mistakes, or unsafe work practices.


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Lockout/Tagout

Prepare for shutdown

Thermal

Chemical

Know equipment hazards:

Electrical

Mechanical

Hydraulic

Pneumatic

#1

( 7 step process )


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Shut down equipment

Use normal shutdown procedure.

Turn all switches to OFF.

Double check your steps to ensure shutdown procedures are complete.

#2


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Isolate all energy sources

Shut control valves. Open electrical breakers and disconnects.

Disable all sources of energy: do not over look air & hydraulics.

#3

“Coast Down Time” (most over-looked hazard)

Disconnect battery


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Examples requiring energy isolation:


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Valves and electrical disconnects.

Install Locks and Tags

#4

Lock and tag blank flanges.

Block or disconnect air/hydraulic lines.


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#5

Discharge capacitorsBlock or release springsStop rotating flywheels

Allow moving part to completely stop before continuing !!

Release or block stored energy

Drain fluidsBlock elevated partsRelieve system pressure


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Verify equipment isolation

Check locking devices securely placed.

Attempt normal startup.

Return Controls to OFF/Neutral.

#6


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Release from LOTO #7

Inspect Area and Equipment.

Machine Guards in position.

Account for tools and parts.

Inform others of startup.

Remove Locks & Tags.

Restore equipment to normal and conduct normal startup.


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Conduct annual audits to validate effectiveness of the lockout/tagout procedures

Review procedures annually or when required, especially after an accident has occurred.

Additional lockout/tagout requirements:

Maintain an equipment survey that list the equipmentrequired to have lockout/tagout procedures, type(s) of energy sources, and magnitude of energy.

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Warning signs you may see:


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Accidents you may see:


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From finger(s) to complete hand.


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Do you enforce lockout/tagout ??

This worker wished his supervisor had.

3rd degree burns….failure to deplete hydraulic pressure -- line ruptured.


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Powered Mobile Equipment


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Training requirements:

Jobsite safety operating procedures.

Equipment specific operating procedures.

Proper lifting and transporting of loads.

Operators are required to trained prior to operating any mobile equipment.


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Supervisors responsibilities:

Ensure employees are properly trained prior to operating mobile equipment

Ensure pre-start inspection is conducted.

Observe lift operators performance -- correct unsafe acts.

Enforce company safety rules

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Was this driver properly trained ??


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HAZARD ASSESSMENT


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Hazard Assessment

Employers must complete a Hazard Assessment of the work site to determine Employers must complete a Hazard Assessment of the work site to determine hazards and the required Personnel Protective Equipment (PPE).hazards and the required Personnel Protective Equipment (PPE).


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Hazard Assessment

Determines Personnel Protective Equipment (PPE) required to perform specific jobs.

Companies must documented that a hazard assessment has been conducted.

Determines engineering requirements to ensure specific hazards are resolved.


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TYPES of HAZARDS

Pinch-points

Impacts

Compressed Air

Hydraulics

Slip and Fall areas

Penetration

Chemical

Harmful Dust

Thermal

Radiation

Electrical

Pneumatic

Solvents

Welding gases

Elevated work areas

Chain/sprockets

Belt/pulleys

Cutting

Noise


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DATE:

JSA #

JOB TITLE:

DEPARTMENT: SUPERVISOR:

ANALYSIS BY:

APPROVED BY:

REQUIRED PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT:

SEQUENCE OF JOB STEPS

POTENTIAL HAZARDS RECOMMENDED ACTION

Hazard Assessment Form


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Five Key Components of Job Safety Analysis

Determine which steps to analyze.

Break the task into steps.

Identify the hazards.

Identify solutions and control of hazard(s).

Personal Protective Equipment requirements.

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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Special equipment or clothing worn for occupational Protection against biological, chemical or physical hazards.

PPE shall be provided to employees at the employers expense.

Occupational hazards shall be controlled through engineering or administrative controls.

PPE shall be the last choice for control of a hazard.


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Personal Protective Equipment (continued)

Hand Protection

Eye Protection

Hearing Protection

Respiratory Protection

Clothing Safety Shoes

Hard Hats

Chain Saw Chaps

Fall Protection

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Chainsaw Operations


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Chain saw operators must wear leg protection constructed with cut-resistant material.

Leg protection must extend from the upper thigh down to the boot

top and adequately cover the leg.

Must wear hard hat with face screenprotection.

Must wear cut resistantfootware.

Should wear proper hearing protection.


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Chainsaw safety rules:

Inspect chainsaw prior to performing cutting operations.

Properly start chainsaw.

Inspection of starting site and cutting area.

Plan an escape route prior to cutting.

Never saw above shoulder level.

Proper carrying technique.

Proper open-faced cuts and back cuts.


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Proper Open Face Cut ??


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Chain Saw Accidents


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The facts…………Chainsaws will cause bodily harm !!


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Still not convinced………...


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Hearing Conservation Program

Most machinery used in the logging industry ranges from 90 - 110 decibels.

Allowable noise exposure for employees is 85 decibelsper eight-hour period.


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Determine if program is required

Program requirements:

Audiometric Testing

Record-keeping

Audiometric test will determine noise levels.

Sets baseline, determines employee's hearing threshold. Used annually to determine hearing loss.

Hearing Protection

Employer must provide hearing protection and train on proper wear.

OSHA standards require written documentation. Keep employee test results, sound level measurements and training records. Medical records must be kept for 30 years.

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Welding Operations


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Welding Requirements

Company must establish safety procedures for welding, brazing, cutting or other hot work operations performed in areas other than permanent welding shops or booths.

Pertains to all company locations. Outside contractors, as well as employees, must adhere to these procedures in order to guard against fire and other hazards normally present by welding and cutting operations.


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Each “hot work” job must have a permit, which must remain at the site throughout the job.

An authorized supervisor must sign the permit.

Retaining records of permits is optional.

Hot Works Permit requirements


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Date:___/___/___ Welding Location: ______________________________________________________________________________.

Work being accomplished: _______________________________________________________________________________________.

Start Time: ___________ Completion Time : ____________

____________________________________________ Signed Welder

____________________________________________ Signed Fire Guard

____________________________________________ Signed Authorizing Official

This permit expire on: ___/____/____ (Date)In case of fire call _______ or sound fire alarm located ______________.

PERMIT MUST BE MAINTAINED AT SITE OF WELDING OPERATIONS


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Authorizing Supervisor

Signs permit only after completion of the following:

Inspection of immediate area involved for hazards.

Certification: ensure welding personnel have been properly trained to operate welding equipment.

Fire watch is required whenever welding is performed outside of a fixed welding shop.

Fire watch must be maintained for 30 minutes after welding or cutting operations cease at all locations.

Combustible materials must be at least 35 feet away from welding operations.


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Welding Safety Precautions

Check for hazardous/explosive materials that may be present at welding site.

Insure fire protection equipment is available and operational:

sprinklersfire extinguisherswater hoses

Adequate ventilation is required.

Place signs, ropes, or warning devices to protect other employees in the area.

Barriers, screens or equivalent protection shall be provided to protect other employees from eye injury due to welding.


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Welding is serious business

Glove caught on fireWelding near combustibles


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Be aware of flammable or explosive conditions prior to performing operations

Check out all welding equipment (hoses, cables, etc.) for any damage or leaks.

Clean the area up and remove combustibles and trash at least 35 feet away.

Thoroughly wet the area up to 35 feet for combustible materials such as saw dust, chips, wood floors, etc,

Have a water hose or adequate fire extinguisher nearby in case of fire.

Do not weld standing in standing water or rain – danger of electrical shock. Check walls, crevices, hidden areas, under equipment, or any other place where sparks could roll.

Properly dispose of spent welding rods.

Keep a Fire Watch for 30 minutes after welding ceases.

Notify your Supervisor once you complete all the above items.

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ACCIDENT REPORTING

& PREVENTION


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If an injury or illness occurs at work:

“REPORT IT IMMEDIATELY” “

Every job related injury or illness must be reported to supervisor as soon as possible.

Accident Reporting


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Updated recordkeeping forms OSHA Form 300: Log of Work-related Injuries and Illnesses

Replaces Form 200: Log and Summary of Occupational Injuries & Illnesses

Simplified reporting requirements

Printed on smaller legal sized paper

OSHA Form 301: Injury and Illness Incident Report Replaces Form 101: Supplementary Record of Occupational Injuries & Illnesses Includes more data about how injury or illness occurred

OSHA Form 300A: Summary of Work-related Injuries and Illnesses


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Accidents are investigated, not to find fault or to blame, but to find out the Root Cause.

Get the who, what, when, where &……... why.

Careless acts should be considered as preventable …implement safety precautions.

Develop a plan for preventing the accident in the future.



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Preventing Accidents

Supervisors are responsible for Four things to ensure safety of workers:

PLAN - Each job or task assigned ORGANIZE - Each job or task assigned

DIRECT - Train the employees who will do the job or task.

CONTROL - Ensure that the job or task is conducted with thehighest degree of quality, safety, & productivity.


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Planning

Each job, task or operation must be planned. Planning includes:

What resources are needed to do the job.

How can hazards be eliminated or controlled?

What hazards are present in the task?

What training is required to do the job.


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Organizing.

Organizing is the act of ensuring that all RESOURCES necessary to do the job safely are:

Available Proper (size, type) In good (safe) condition

Organization should be in written form, not “in your head.”

Organizing also means getting the cooperation you need from others to effectively implement your plan.


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Directing

Directing the job or task is making sure your plan is going as designed.

Conduct safety meeting to bring safety concerns, new proceduresor policies to employees attention.

Assessing tasks for safety and productivity.

Making sure all employees are properly trained to perform the task.


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Controlling

Controlling your plan enables you make adjustments as required.

Reassess job resources. Have job requirements changed?

Continually observe for unsafe acts and conditions. Take immediate corrective action Take action to prevent recurrence Treat the causeLack of Training Lack of Resources Lack of Job Interest

Train others to over see and enforce set job standards.


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Safety Observation Report

SOR is a tool to identify and document unsafe acts and unsafeconditions.

Seeks out actions more than conditions.

Allows both supervisor and employee to document safety concerns.

Helps indicate the Indirect Cause of accidents.

Resources and training can be focused on area of deficiency.


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Training Employee did not understand Safety Procedure. Employee not trained to do task Training was not frequent enough, employee had forgotten procedures Employee received no job specific training. Employee did not follow supervisor’s instructions.

Lack of Resources Task was not planned correctly. Equipment damaged or defective. Not enough people provided/available to carry the

task out safely.

Employee Work Habits

I. Employee too lazy.

J. Employee did not believe they could get hurt.

K. Employee had bad attitude towards safety.

L. Employee taking shortcuts.

Date: ____________ Time: ______________

Observation:

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

Observer: _______________________________

Action Taken:____________________________

Immediate Corrective Action: _______________

_________________________________________

Cause: __________________________________

Corrective Action: ________________________

_________________________________________

Signature:

______________________________________

Supervising for Safety

SAFETYOBSERVATIONREPORT

PRODUCTIVITY

SAFE

TY

QU

AL

ITY

Areas of Concern


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Job Engineering

Light duty jobs

Retrain

Part time

Returning a previously injured employee back to work consider the following:


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OSHA Requirements

Accident Prevention

Hazard Assessment

Summary


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8 Loss Control Field Reps Field reps also, carry variety of safety equipment that is readily available to our policyholders. 2 Specialized Trainers Chainsaw trainer for on-site and felling tree training. Sawmill / Mfg. trainer for on-site OSHA compliance assistance.

Visit their website at www.forestrymutual.com

Additional Logger Services:Other lines of Insurance

On-Site Job Layout Analysis

On-Site Loss Control Assistance

On-Site Safety Meetings

Documents

Supervisor Safety Training Page 1 Logging Industry