Supervisor: Professor Kenichi MatsuiPresented by: Enkhbat Oyuntselmeg

Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences2015.12.14

Ger Area DevelopmentProblem StatementIntroduction: An eco-standardObjectives and QuestionsA Case study for Public Bath houseMethodologyPublic bath demandResults of sanitary inspectionPotential impact on the environmentConclusion and RecommendationFurther research

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The majority of the residents lives in Ger

Area

Residential Type: Apartment Ger district Mixed

Source: Ulaanbaatar City Mayor’s Office, 2014

Ger district is not connected to the

city’s infrastructure

Lack of utility services has led to severe pollution levels

They need healthy life condition

Better management of ger district

International Environmental Management Standard (ISO 14000) requires ecologically clean service and facility, environmental conservation and safety, and improved livelihoods.

“A standard is a set of guidelines and criteria againstwhich a product can be judged..”(Vierra, 2014)

Eco-standards are standards that are oriented to tackleenvironmental problems (Bostrom, M. and Klintman, M.2008).

Eco-standard mission: To protect human health To protect the environment

Extent to which eco-standardization practices through green facilities can minimize Ger district related issues, especially environmental pollution as it is linked to negative impacts on public health.Managed by private company or

individual person

www.dailymongolia.mn

For the hygiene safety Environmental protection

as well

GOAL: To develop eco-standard criteria for public baths, which will be acceptable to the International Environmental Management Standard (ISO 14000).

This research aims to promote the eco-

certification for public bath facilities.

Questions to investigate: Environmentally friendly technology and

services

Green facilities for ger districts

Green lifestyles

Green development policy

Literature Review of

Eco-StandardsStatistical

Data Analysis

Analysis on Field

Observation2015.08-09

Districts PopulationResidential Type Public

bathsApartment Ger district Mixed

Baganuur 27,440 11,486 15,954 4

Bagakhangai 3691 3691 1

Bayangol 192,615 125,035 21,290 46,290 16

Bayanzurkh 294,908 51,410 89,582 153,916 30

Nalaikh 32,893 22,960 9933 2

Songinokhairkhan 261,917 36,078 133,819 92,020 60

Sukhbaatar 132,117 47,517 59,407 25,193 13

Khan-Uul 127,477 20,993 57,835 48,649 25

Chingeltei 153,933 28,695 125,238 38

Total 1226,991 309,728 521,617 395,646 191

1. Statistics Department of Ulaanbaatar City, 20132. http://manaikhoroo.ub.gov.mn/

Approximately 5500 people share one public bath in Ulaanbaatar city

54%18%

28%

Place of the taking shower

Publc bath In the relative one's apartment No answer

36%41.50

%

0.66% Public Bath Sufficiency

SufficientInsufficientDon't know and no answer

Source: Ulaanbaatar City Health Office, 2011

• 97,278 families who live in the Ger districts or 60% of total amount were incorporated in the survey.

Law of Mongolia on sanitation, 1998Law on privatization

program of public enterprises and service sector, 1999National basic standard

of the Public Bath Service, General Requirements (MNS5163:2002)Common procedures

for public service of Mongolia, 2014

Sanitary inspection of public baths.

Public Bath Service, General Requirements (MNS 5163:2002)

A lack of appropriate facilities for the safe use of water and negative conditionsfor human health have become big problems.

201393 public

baths were examined

40,8% above

standard

59,2% poor

http://manaikhoroo.ub.gov.mn/

Source: State Professional Inspection Agency, 2013.

Groundwater resource depletionSoil and Groundwater pollution

Infiltration from Sewage Storage tank

What kind of personal care products do people

use?

Where does pumped wastewater go?

200 liter/30 minutes

• Public bath facilities could cause environmental problems as wastewater from public bath is not properly treated.

• The dramatically increasing use of groundwater has placed some environmental stress.

• Insufficient number of public baths is part of public health concerns.• Insufficient sanitary inspection. • Building public bath should require an eco-standard.

To collect updated information about green development. To study about ISO 14000 and other eco-standards for public baths

in the world.To examine the status of current green certification adaptation in

Mongolia.To collect more information about the impact of public baths.To develop an adaptive green certification framework for public

baths.

• Adiyasuren.Ts, Amarjargal.S, Bilegsaikhan.M, Tsogbadral.Kh, 2010, Tourism and its theory and practice, and technological issue, Vol 5, Sodpress, Mongolia, p.113

• Bostrom, M. & Klintman, M. (2011). Eco-standards, Product Labelling and Green Consumerism. New York: Polgrave Macmillan.

• Environmental Management System Tools: A Reference Guide. EPA 300-B-02-012. (June 2001).

• Common procedures for public service of Mongolia, 2014

• ISO 14001 - Environmental Management Systems - Requirements with Guidance for Use (estimated publication in 2005)

• ISO 14001:2004. Environmental Management Systems – Requirements with guidance for use

• CEN Guide 4:2008. Guide for Addressing Environmental Issues in Product Standards. http://boss.cen.eu/ref/CEN_4.pdf

• Law of Mongolia on sanitation, 1998

• Law on privatization program of public enterprises and service sector, 1999

• National basic standard of the Public Bath Service, General Requirements (MNS 5163:2002)

• Statistics Department of Ulaanbaatar City, 2013

• Ulaanbaatar City Health Office, 2011

• State Professional Inspection Agency. 2015. “A Report of the Inspection for Public Baths, Sauna, and Pool.” Ulaanbaatar.

• Parliament of Mongolia. 2014. Green development policy, Available link: http://www.legalinfo.mn/annex/details/6438?lawid=10482

• Mongolian National Chamber of Commerce and Industry. Green paper 2013, Available link: http://en.mongolchamber.mn/attachments/article/99/Green%20Paper.pdf

• Adiyasuren.Ts, Amarjargal.S, Bilegsaikhan.M, Tsogbadral.Kh, 2010, Tourism and its theory and practice, and technological issue, Vol 5, Sodpress, Mongolia, p.113

• Government implementing agency- Department of water (2012). Research report for management plan of Tuul River basin water resource.

• Ministry of Environment and Green Development (2012). Tuul River Basin: Integrated Water Management Plan.

• Otgonbayar, J., Tserenkhand, J. (2012). Water Resources and Use in Mongolia. Seminar on Water Statistics for Countries in Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA).

• Sato, H. (2012). The Water Situation in Ulaanbaatar. Social System Review Vol.3, 55-63.

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