5
Team Members: _________________________________________________________________________ Date: ____________ Class: ____________________________________________ Supernova Chemistry Lab procedure li Sum You ar mar e go y ing to be observing the spectra of be ght sources and learning how this type of spe severa ctros l c different opy can the used Univ to ers help e. astronomers tell what elements are out in We power Safe ar ty saf the ety gas glasses filled throughout tubes use a this very activity. high vol The tage devices of elect used ricity. in this experiment to Do careful clips int not remove o the pow the er devices. gasfilled tubes to not touch the surfaces. The ga Atomic spectroscopy is an extremely or Introduction sfil insert led tu metal bes w objects ill be very such hot as t pens o the or tou paper ch, so be el ele ect ctr rons int on patte era rns ct ar w o it und h light eve in ry important different kind of atom are tool unique, for scientists. and because Because these the light you can determine what kinds of atoms are ways becaus absorbed or present in a e of s t ubs heir different tance by th posit e kind ions, of This the normal instrument light spectrum that emitted by the is substance. measured Every with a atom device ha called s a kind of uses a diffraction grating as a prism, splitting the a Spectrometer. "fingerprint" in into its composite colors. incoming light As dwelling an example, organisms a marine ecologist may suspect that the reason many bottom what She samples kind of the metal mud are and dying chemically in a local extracts harbor a is type because She injects the metal ions into of the metal of a chemical pollutant. it is. observes two line spect hot ion, but emission spectrometer and ra. The lines flame corresp of she’s an atomic not sure "fingerprint" wavelengths of 563 nanometers (nm) and 615 nm. This combination is the ond to the ship's paint or for a ne tin. ar The by ind ecologist ustrial s may ource then . trace the tin to a particular type of In observing va this lab, you rious l r task ight is a it easier types of gases. As electricity sources b passes incl than uding t separating ubes metal ions from sea mud. You are given off. You will compare the spectra through of these thes that e tube have s, the been gas filled glow with s and various light is as (regul ked a to rl i ight denti b f ul y th b) sources e gas that i and fl s us uorescent ed to fill fluo light gas es fix tubes ce t nt li ures with incandescent r ght . Specif tubes. ically, you will be

SupernovaChemistry - NASA€¦ · TeamMembers:_____ Date:_____ Class:_____ SupernovaChemistry

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Page 1: SupernovaChemistry - NASA€¦ · TeamMembers:_____ Date:_____ Class:_____ SupernovaChemistry

Team  Members: _________________________________________________________________________

Date:  ____________ Class:  ____________________________________________

Supernova  Chemistry Lab procedure

li

SumYou  ar

mare goying  to

be observing  the  spectra of

beght  sources and learning  how  this type of spe

severactros

lcdifferentopy can  

theusedUniv

toershelpe.

astronomers tell what elements are out in

Wepower

Safeartysaftheetygasglasses-­‐filled  

throughouttubes  use  a

thisvery

activity.high vol

Thetage  

devicesof elect

usedricity.  

in this experiment to

Do

carefulclips  int

not removeo  the  pow

theer  devices.gas-­‐filled tubes

to  not touch  the  surfaces.The  ga

Atomic spectroscopy is an extremely

or

Introduction

s-­‐filinsertled  tu

metalbes  w

objectsill be  very

suchhotastpenso  the  

ortoupaperch,  so be  

eleleectctrrons  inton  patte

erarnsctarwoitundh  light

eveinry

important

differentkind of atom  are

toolunique,

for scientists.and because

Becausethese  

the

lightyou can determine what kinds of atoms are

ways  becaus

absorbed orpresent  in  a

e  ofstubsheir  differenttance by th

posite kind

ions,  of

Thisthe normal

instrumentlight spectrum  that

emitted by theissubstance.measured

Everywith a

atom

devicehacalleds  a kind  of

uses a diffraction

grating as a prism, splitting thea Spectrometer.

"fingerprint"  in

into its composite colors.incoming light

Asdwellingan example,

organismsa marine ecologist may suspect that the reason many bottom  

whatShe samples

kind ofthemetal

mudareanddyingchemically

in a localextractsharbor

aistypebecause

She injects the metal ions intoofthemetalof a chemical pollutant.

it is.observes two line spect

hotion, but

emission spectrometer and ra. The lines  flamecorresp

ofshe’san atomic

not sure

"fingerprint"wavelengths of 563 nanometers (nm) and 615 nm. This combination is the

ond  to  the  

ship's  paint orfora netin.arTheby  ind

ecologistustrial  s

mayource

then.

trace the tin  to a particular type of

Inobserving  vathis lab, you

rious  lr  task

ight is a it easier  

types of gases. As electricitysourcesb

passesinclthanuding  t

separatingubes

metal ions from sea mud. You  are

given off. You will compare the spectrathrough

of thesethes

thate tube

haves,  the  beengas  filledglow

withs  and  

variouslight  is

as(regulked

ator  liightdenti

bfuly  thb)  sourcese gas that  i

and  fls us

uorescented to fill  fluo

lightgas

esfixtubes

cetnt  liures

with incandescent

r ght.  Speciftubes.

ically,  you will be

Page 2: SupernovaChemistry - NASA€¦ · TeamMembers:_____ Date:_____ Class:_____ SupernovaChemistry

Team  Members: _________________________________________________________________________

Date:  ____________ Class:  ____________________________________________

Listen

Proced re

These instrumentsto

u

your teacher'sare expensive

directionsandon how

fragile,to use and care for the spectrometer.

the rules for their use.so make certain that you understand

placedGo through  ea

at eachch  obstation

servato taketion  st

youration  w

measurements.ith  your lab

Everyonegroup. Use

willthestartspectrometer

at different

establishedstations and

bymoveyour

throughteacher.

theWhenlab to

observingcomplete

thetheirlight

observationsfrom  a gas tube,

in themaketime

sure

thethat

spectrometerthe center of the

slit.glowing spectrum  tube is very close to and directly in front of

elCAUTION: Do not touch the gas tubes because they are hot and may give you an

1.

ectrical shock!

eachSketchIncande

thecoloredwhatscent  

youregion.

light  seebulb

Also,on

(wthehitediagram  below,

lig

spectrum. Sketch the rangemark

ofthe

ht)

limits ofmarking the wavelengths that define

note regions  where the colors arecolorsmost bright

observed  usingyour visual

rangethe  col

onored  pencilboth ends of

and most dim.s and

2. Hydrogen  gas tube Measure and draw  the wavelength of any line spectra  that  appear on  the blankspectrum  on your data sheet. Sketch the range of any colors observed using thecolored pencils and note regions where the colors are most bright and most dim.

Page 3: SupernovaChemistry - NASA€¦ · TeamMembers:_____ Date:_____ Class:_____ SupernovaChemistry

Team  Members: _________________________________________________________________________

Date:  ____________ Class:  ____________________________________________

3. Helium gas tubeMeasure and draw  the wavelength of any line spectra  that  appear on  the blankspectrum  on your data sheet. Sketch the range of any colors observed using thecolored  pencils  and note  regions where  the colors are most bright and most dim.

4. Neon  gas tubeMeasure and draw  the wavelength of any line spectra  that  appear on  the blankspectrum  on your data sheet. Sketch the range of any colors observed using thecolored  pencils  and note  regions where  the  colors are most bright and most dim.

5. Mercury gas tubeMeasure and draw  the wavelength of any line spectra  that  appear on  the blankspectrum  on your data sheet. Sketch the range of any colors observed using thecolored  pencils and note regions where the colors are most bright and most dim.

Page 4: SupernovaChemistry - NASA€¦ · TeamMembers:_____ Date:_____ Class:_____ SupernovaChemistry

Team  Members: _________________________________________________________________________

Date:  ____________ Class:  ____________________________________________

6. Nitrogen  gas tubeMeasure and draw  the wavelength of any line spectra  that  appear on  the blankspectrum  on your data sheet. Sketch the range of any colors observed using  thecolored  pencils and note regions where the colors are most bright and most dim.

7. "Plant Grow"  light bulbThis is a bulb that is supposed to provide more light in the wavelengths thatplants use than normal light bulbs. Sketch what you see, marking thewavelengths that  define each colored region. Mark the limits of your visual rangeon both ends of the spectrum. Sketch the range of any colors observed using thecolored pencils and note regions where the colors are most bright and most dim.

8. Compact Fluorescent light fixtureMeasure and draw  the wavelength  of any line spectra  that appear on the blankspectrum  on your data sheet. Sketch the range of any colors observed  using the  colored  pencils and note regions where the colors are most bright and most dim.

Page 5: SupernovaChemistry - NASA€¦ · TeamMembers:_____ Date:_____ Class:_____ SupernovaChemistry

Team  Members: _________________________________________________________________________

Date:  ____________ Class:  ____________________________________________

9. Chemical Light SticksThese light sticks  work by a chemical reaction which releases light energyinstead of heat, sound, or electricity as other reactions may do. The reaction isvery similar to the one that occurs in the tails of fireflies! On your data sheet,sketch what you see, marking the wavelengths  that define each colored  region.  Also, mark the limits of your visual range on both ends of the spectrum. Sketchthe range of any colors observed using  the colored pencils and note regionswhere the colors are most bright and most dim.

10. Fluorescent light  sourceTurn your spectrometer slit toward a standard fluorescent light tube. This typeof lighting is very common in schools and offices because it uses much lesselectricity  than  traditional incandescent light bulbs.  Measure  and  draw the  wavelength of any line spectra that appear on the blank spectrum  on your datasheet.  Sketch  the  range  of any  colors  observed  using  the  colored  pencils,  and  note the regions where the colors are most bright and most dim.