Superfoods: Protect Your Body by Eating Right · Superfoods: Protect Your Body by Eating Right From a news story by San Francisco CBS 5 Dr. Kim Mulvihill October 2005 In North Beach

Universidad Nacional de La Pampa - Facultad de Ciencias Humanas

Evaluación de Competencias Comunicativas - Tercer Ciclo de EGB y Nivel Polimodal

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Servicio Externo de Lenguas Extranjeras

NIVEL C - ACTIVIDADES DE LECTO-COMPRENSION

C1:

Superfoods: Protect Your Body by Eating Right

From a news story by San Francisco CBS 5 Dr. Kim Mulvihill

October 2005

In North Beach in San Francisco, where some pretty super food gets served every night.

“Absolutely very super food! “ “I really like the taste” are comments by two diners.

But we're not just talking about taste. Research now shows some foods, including tomatoes, onions, garlic, and olive oil -- are among the superfoods. Superfoods are packed with powerful chemicals that may offer your body great protection against chronic disease --

“Including cancer, obesity, and heart disease.Vibrantly colored red yellow orange and green all gving you different types of phytochemicals!”

Natalie Ledesma is a registered dietician at U.C.S.F. She says compounds found in superfoods -- called phytochemicals -- can reduce the risk of cancer, boost the immune system, and even protect the heart. She showed us what everyone should try to eat each week for optimal health.

On her shoppinglist? Herbs!

“Dark green ones (herbs), like rosemary and thyme,

And any intensely colored spice, like turmeric or red pepper.

"Both of those have anti-inflammatory properties.”

Turmeric may reduce the risk of leukemia, skin, and liver cancers. Hot peppers may reduce the risk of colon, stomach, and rectal cancers. Also on the list: green veggies, but not just any green veggies.

"Brussel sprouts are part of the cruciferous vegetable family that has significant anti-cancer properties," said Ledesma. "That family also has a very favorable effect on hormone metabolism."

Other cruciferous veggies include cabbage, broccoli, and cauliflower. And don't forget the tomato.



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"It is probably the best source of lycopene, which is one of the phytochemicals that has shown significant anticancer properties, especially with prostate and potentially lung and breast cancer as well," said Ledesma.

As for fruit, citrus contains Vitamin C, limonoids, and phenols, which inactivate cancer cells and strengthen the immune system. Cantaloupes, mangos, and carrots contain cancer-fighting carotenoids. And berries are bursting with flavonoids and ellagic acid -- antioxidants that protect against cancer, ulcers, and viruses. Natalie recommends organic.

"Organic fruits and veggies have shown not only to have lower pesticide toxicities and lower pesticide levels, but also now have been shown to have higher phytochemical content," she said.

Don't forget the fatty fish or flaxseed -- both are excellent sources of Omega Three fatty acids that inhibit the growth of cancer cells and boost the immune system, olive oil, which may reduce breast, prostate, or colon cancer, and soy.

"Soy has protective effects for heart disease as well as osteoporosis, potentially," Ledesma said.

And finally onions, garlic, and shallots. They may protect the heart, fight cancer, and help with asthma.

(adapted from http://literacyworks.org/learningresources)

A. Choose the correct option, according to what you’ve read.

1. Phytochemicals may A. reduce the risk of cancer B. boost the immune system C. protect against heart disease D. all of the above

2. Which of the following is not a superfood, according to the article?

A. tomatoes B. onions C. milk D. garlic

3. Turmeric is a(n)

A. spice B. herb C. green vegetable D. fruit

4. Which foods contain carotenoids?

A. citrus and cantaloupes B. citrus and carrots C. citrus and berries D. mangos and carrots



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5. How do omega three fatty acids help the body?

A. They have anti-inflammatory properties B. They inhibit the growth of cancer cells C. They reduce the risk of prostate cancer D. They prevent osteoporosis

6. Which green vegetable is the healthiest, according to Ms Ledesma?

A. beans B. broccoli C. lettuce D. cucumber

7. Brussel sprouts are a kind of A. herb B. spice C. vegetable D. fruit

8. To reduce your risk of catching a viral infection such as cold, Ms Ledesma

recommend eating A. turmeric B. brussel sprouts C. cantaloupe D. berries

9. Organic fruits and vegetables

A. have higher levels of lycopene B. have higher levels of phytochemicals C. have higher pesticide levels D. both (a) and (b)

10. According to Ms Ledesma, you don’t need to eat ___ to be healthy

A. green herbs B. cruciferous vegetables C. fish or flaxseed D. meat

B. Vocabulary

Choose one of the words from the article given below to complete each sentence 1. Poor Mrs Atkins. She has arthritis in both knees and has ____ pain that

makes it hard for her to walk. organic chronic protective optimal

2. Basil is a(n) ______ often used in Italian cooking. antioxidant phytochemical herb pesticide

3. People who smoke have a very high ______ of developing diseases of the lung such as asthma and cancer risk protection boost property



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4. The dietician recommends eating _____ fruits and vegetables although they

are more expensive protective optimal organic chronic

5. Reducing the amount of sugar, white flour, and alcohol in your diet will _____ your energy level and overall health. boost protect inhibit risk

C 2:

World Heritage

by Linda Baxter

(adapted from http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org)

If you think about World Heritage Sites, you probably think of places associated

with ancient art and culture, historical buildings and monuments. And of course,

many of these are on the World Heritage List.

Remains of ancient cultures, like Cuzco in Peru, Angkor in Cambodia, or the famous

rock city of Petra in Jordan. Or old city centres, such as Rome in Italy, or Sana'a in

Yemen. Or places of artistic or cultural significance, like the Stonehenge stone circle

in England, or the Tsodilo rock paintings in the Kalahari Desert in Botswana. But

The World Heritage List contains a lot of sites that are not so obvious. Some of

them are well known. For example, the Galapagos Islands, which inspired Darwin's

theories of evolution, or the Victoria Falls waterfalls in Africa, and the Grand

Canyon in the United States.

Let's look at a few of the more unusual sites on the World Heritage List and why it is

important to preserve them.

Citadel of Haiti

These monuments were built at the end of the nineteenth

century when Haiti became independent and the many

thousands of black slaves in Haiti were free for the first

time. These ex-slaves built the monuments, which The

World Heritage List (WHL) describes as 'a universal

symbol of liberty'.

Robben Island in South Africa

This island was used through the centuries as a prison, a hospital and a military base.

But it's probably most famous as a maximum-security prison for political prisoners in

the twentieth century. Nelson Mandela was one of its most famous residents. The

WHL says it represents 'the triumph of democracy and freedom over oppression and

racism'.

The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway in India

This railway was opened in 1881 and is still operating

today. It crosses a difficult area of mountain

landscape and it is a great example of railway

engineering. The WHL says that it is 'the first, and still

the most outstanding, example of a hill passenger

railway.'

http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/



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Borders of France and Spain

This is an area of great natural beauty and the mountains have many interesting

geological formations. But it is also an area of small farms. People there still use a

type of agriculture that used to be common in mountainous areas of Europe but has

almost completely disappeared in modern times. The WHL has listed the site

because it shows us about 'past European society through its landscape of villages,

farms, fields, upland pastures and mountain roads.'

The city of Brasilia, Brazil

Brasilia is a capital city that was created from nothing in 1956. The WHL calls it 'a

landmark in the history of town planning.' The different areas of the city and the

buildings themselves were all designed at the same time so that they would

harmonise with each other. Every part of the city shows the ideas of the planner

and architect.

Dorset and East Devon Coast, United Kingdom

This part of the coast in the South West of England is

famous for its fossils and is popular with scientists

and amateur fossil hunters. The cliffs also show rock

formations from millions of years ago. The WHL

says that they 'have contributed to the study of

earth sciences for over 300 years.'

Alto Douro, Portugal

This is an area in the North of Portugal where wine has been produced for

thousands of years. Nowadays it is world famous for the 'port wine' that is

produced there. The WHL says that this long tradition of winemaking 'has produced

a cultural landscape of outstanding beauty that reflects its technological, social and

economic evolution.'

Rio Platano Reserve, Honduras

The WHL says that this site is 'one of the few remains of a humid tropical forest in

Central America.' It's a mountainous area on the Caribbean coast with many

different species of plants and animals. The people who have always lived there still

have the same traditional lifestyle.

Simien National Park, Ethiopia

Simien National Park was one of the first sites to be listed in

1978. It is one of the highest mountain areas in Africa, and the

WHL calls it 'one of the most spectacular landscapes in the

world'. It is also important for its wildlife. Rare animals like the

Gelada baboon and the Simien fox live there. It is also the only

place in the world where you can find the Walia ibex, a type of goat. The

population of this animal is getting smaller and smaller. That's why the site is now

on the List of World Heritage in Danger.

So, the World Heritage List isn't only about ancient monuments and buildings. It's

also concerned with technology, natural beauty, wildlife and traditional ways of

life.

1. Choose the answer to each of the six questions below, depending on the



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information in the text.

1. Why is the Citadel of Haiti included on the list?

a. It shows a traditional way of life.

b. It represents freedom.

c. The buildings are thousands of years old.

2. Why is the Darjeeling Railway listed?

a. The landscape is very beautiful.

b. It was difficult to build.

c. It carries a lot of passengers.

3. What is the most important reason for listing the area on the borders of France

and Spain?

a. We can learn about the history of Europe.

b. The geology is interesting.

c. It's very beautiful.

4. Why is Brasilia listed?

a. It's an interesting example of town planning.

b. It was the ancient capital of Brazil.

c. It was difficult to build.

5. Why is the Dorset and East Devon Coast listed?

a. The wildlife is unusual.

b. It's important for scientific study.

c. You can find fossils there.

6. Why is the Simien National Park on the List of World Heritage in Danger?

a. Because of the animals that live there.

b. Because of the people that live there.

c. Because of the natural landscape.

2. In the table below are 10 words from the text. Below the table are definitions of

the 10 words. Can you match the words to their definitions?

evolution fossils geology Heritage landmark

landscape outstanding preserve symbol triumph

1. …Heritage… means features belonging to the culture of a particular society, such

as traditions, languages or buildings, which still exist from the past and which

have a historical importance.

2. …Evolution… means gradual development.

3. To …preserve… something means to keep it as it is, esp. in order to prevent it

from decaying or being damaged or destroyed.

4. A …symbol… is a sign, shape or object which is used to represent something

else.

5. A …triumph… is a very great success, achievement or victory, or a feeling of

great satisfaction or pleasure caused by this.

6. …Outstanding… means excellent; clearly very much better than what is usual.

7. …Geology… is the study of the rocks and similar substances that make up the

Earth's surface, esp. in order to understand its structure, origin, etc.



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8. A …landscape… is a large area of countryside, esp. in relation to its appearance.

9. A …landmark… is a building or place that is easily recognized, esp. one which

you can use to judge where you are.

10. …Fossils…are bones, shells or shapes of a plant or animal which have been

preserved in rock, ice or earth for a very long period.



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NIVEL C - ACTIVIDADES DE PRODUCCIÓN ESCRITA

C1

Part 1: Read the text below and look carefully at each line. Some of the lines are

correct, and some have a word which should not be there. If a line is correct add a tick

(√) at the end of the line. If a line has a word which should not be there, underline that

word.

Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky

Plot Overview

Rodion Romanovich Raskolnikov, a former student, who lives in a tiny garret

on the top floor of a run-down apartment building in St. Petersburg. He is a sickly,

dressed in rags, short on money, and talks to himself, but also he is handsome,

proud, and intelligent, too. He is thinking about and committing an awful crime, but the

nature of the crime is not yet clear.

He goes to the apartment of an old pawnbroker, Alyona Ivanovna, for to get money

for a watch and to plan the crime. Afterwards, he stops for a drink at a tavern,

where he meets a man named Marmeladov, who, in a fit of drunkenness,

has been abandoned his job and proceeded on a five-day drinking binge,

afraid of to return home to his family. Marmeladov tells Raskolnikov about his

sickly wife, Katerina Ivanovna, and his daughter, Sonya, who has been forced

into prostitution has to support the family. Raskolnikov walks with Marmeladov to

Marmeladov’s apartment, where he meets Katerina and sees firsthand the

squalid conditions in which they live in.

(Adapted from: http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/crime/summary.html)

Part 2: Read the text below and decide

which answer A, B, C or D best fits each space.

The statistics paint a grim picture. (1) …………. the World Resources Institute, more than

80 percent of the Earth’s natural forests have (2) …………. have been destroyed. Up to 90

percent of West Africa’s coastal rain forests have (3) …………. since 1900. Brazil and

Indonesia, (4) …………. contain the world’s two largest surviving regions of rain forest,

are being stripped at an (5) …………. rate by logging, fires, and land-clearing for

agriculture and cattle-grazing.

(6) …………. the obvious consequences of deforestation is the loss of living space.

Seventy percent of the Earth’s land animals and plants (7) …………. in forests. (8)

…………. the harm doesn’t stop there. Rain forests help generate rainfall in drought-prone

countries elsewhere. Studies have shown that destruction of rain forests in such West

http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/crime/summary.html



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African countries such (9) …………. Nigeria, Ghana, and Côte d’Ivoire may have caused

two decades of droughts in the interior of Africa, with attendant hardship and famine.

Deforestation (10) …………. have catastrophic global effects as well. Trees are natural

consumers of carbon dioxide - one of the greenhouse gases (11) …………. buildup in the

atmosphere contributes (12) …………. global warming. Destruction of trees not only

removes (13) …………. “carbon sinks,” but tree burning and decomposition pump (14)

…………. the atmosphere even more carbon dioxide, along with methane, (15) ………….

major greenhouse gas.

(Adapted from: http://www.nationalgeographic.com)

1. A. Besides B. Regarding C. According to D. Though

2. A. already B. never C. ever D. just

3. A. vanished B. blended into C. extinguished D. disappeared

4. A. whose B. which C. where D. that

5. A. worrying B. alarming C. tense D. frightening

6. A. Between B. One C. Inside D. Among

7. A. reside B. stay C. inhabit D. are located

8. A. Although B. However C. Nevertheless D. But

9. A. a B. as C. for example D. for instance

10. A. may B. should C. must D. ought to

11. A. which B. whom C. that D. whose

12. A. at B. from C. to D. by

13. A. this B. those C. these D. that

14. A. in B. into C. on D. onto

15. A. other B. another C. others D. the others

Part 3: The town council is running a competition titled: “There is always time to

celebrate.” You decide to participate in it and write a description about a typical

festival or celebration in your city/country. Write your composition in 180-220 words

describing the event.

Include: a title / name - time - place of the event / reasons for celebrating / some

preparations before the event / the event itself / general remarks – feelings / etc.

Remember to use the appropriate style.



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C2

Part 1: Change the words given into suitable parts of speech to suit the context.

1. It's totally (understand) that you stayed home when you were sick.

understandable

2. Don't laugh at his stupid jokes! You'll only (courage) him to say them

again. encourage

3. That sidewalk is (slip), I almost fell! slippery

4. After Monday, I will no longer be a foreigner —I am receiving

my (citizen)! citizenship

5. Arthur will feel lonely unless you (company) him. accompany

6. I hate being around Mary Lou, she is so (friend). unfriendly

7. The financial disaster of 1929 left my great-grandfather (penny).

pennyless

8. I have a class at 8:00 a.m. but I always (sleep). oversleep

9. I think we should try something else. That strategy seems

too (risk). risky

10. My father's death left me with a great (empty) in my heart. emptiness

11. Americans fought hard to earn their (free) from Britain. freedom

12. When you work at a nuclear power plant, you have to be

extremely (care). careful

13. He will (cork) the wine as soon as we are ready for dinner. uncork

14. You need to work on your orthography so you don't (spell) these

words. misspell

15. The weather (cast) looks bad for a picnic -rainy and windy! forecast

(Adapted from www.learnenglish.com)

http://www.learnenglish.com/



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Part 2: Read the following book review and complete it any word that fits the space.

The woman in black by Susan Hill

(from http://www.allreaders.com)

"Arthur Kipps is sent to attend the funeral of the reclusive Alice Drablow and to

sort out some matters in her house. 1__When_ he comes to her home town, he is

surprised 2__to_ find that all of the inhabitants shudder or fall silent at 3__the__

mention of Eel Marsh House, the house 4_where__ Mrs Drablow had lived. On

attending the funeral, Arthur 5_catches__ sight of a woman dressed

6__all/completely/fully__ in black and has a pale, wasted face. When he asks his

guide Samuel Daly 7__about__ her, he claims to have not seen her.

Arthur is then taken to Eel Marsh House, where he sees the woman in black

again in a graveyard, 8__then/but_ again she disappears. As he looks through old

letters and receipts of Mrs Drablow, he finds some letters from her to a woman

called Jennet Humphrey, who 9_has_ apparently given her illegitimate son to

Mrs Drablow to look after for her. He soon finds 10__out_ that Jennet was

forbidden by Mrs Drablow to see her son again, and that one day her son

drowned in the marsh 11_while_ returning home.

After a much 12__more_ frightening appearance from the mysterious woman in

the house, Samuel 13__tells__ Arthur that the woman in black is the ghost of

Jennet Humphrey seeking revenge, and that she would kill the child of anyone

14_who_ sees her."

Part 3:

You recently had a classroom discussion about technology in modern life. Now your

English teacher has asked you to write a composition giving your opinion on the

following statement:

Technology provides us with a huge variety of new developments.

Write your composition in 220-300 words.

http://www.allreaders.com/



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NIVEL C - ACTIVIDADES DE COMPRENSIÓN AUDITIVA

C1

Ecotourism by Linda Baxter (taken from http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/)

Listen to a magazine article about Ecotourism and answer T (true) or F (false)

1. The beginning of the article provides the description of a setting which is ecological.

F

2. The author says that many people nowadays try to be careful not to damage the

environment in their daily activities T

3. Ecotourism is becoming less and less popular all over the world. F

4. People doing ecotourism are careful about conserving the wildlife of the areas they

visit T

5. Ecotourism is very cheap, as only a small number of people can be involved F

6. Everybody can apply the principles of ecotourism in traditional holidays T

7. If you buy local products and you pay a fair price for what you buy, you are doing

some form of ecotourism T

8. Flying is the best way of travelling if you want to protect the environment F

The following are the principles of ecotourism mentioned in the article. Complete the

sentences according to what you hear.

1. Learn about the place that you’re going to visit. Find out about its _culture and

history____.

2. Have _respect_ for the local culture. Always ask permission before you __take a

photograph__.

3. Don’t waste __resources__.

4. Take as much care of the places that you visit as _you take of your own

home_. Don’t buy souvenirs made from _endangered animals or

plants_

5. Walk or use other _non-polluting_ forms of transport whenever you can.

6. Be _flexible_ and keep a sense of humour when _things go wrong_.

I wanna talk about… Coventry City football team (Adapted from http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org)

http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/



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Listen carefully to the recording. 1. Now, read the sentences below and decide whether they are true T or false

F .

1. Coventry City used to be one of the top clubs in the English Premier League. T

2. In 2001, Coventry City fans had something to celebrate. F

3. The writer started supporting Coventry because everybody else in his school did. F

4. The writer is happy about not supporting one of the big teams. T

5. In the Championship, every season is pretty much the same. F

6. The writer is confident that Coventry City’s will have a successful season. T

2. Choose the correct option to complete each sentence, according to what you hear. a. But in __________, after thirty-four consecutive years in the top division, we were

finally 2010 2001 1991 ____________________ and since that year we’ve been in the Championship, or the dedicated elevated relegated

second tier of the English Football Leagues.

b. It was the FA Cup win that ______________________ my support for them. cemented fomented augmented

c. Well, in England, people either _______________________ the team that always wins,

and we support call

help

call them _______________________________ or a team near from where they were born. ‘glory busters’ ‘glory hunters’ ‘honour hunters’

d. Also ____________________ in the Championship is surprisingly a _____________ league I think

going better being major playing nicer

than playing in the Premier League.

e. Every team has got a chance to getting ______________________ or there is always the threat

promoted sponsored devoted

of ________________________.



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resignation relocation relegation

f. This _________________ I think we’ve got a good chance of promotion. season reason lesson

Raising Successful Children

1. What was the impetus for Monroe's new book on children?

A. He argues that for rearing children parents do not need any credentials but it is often

more difficult that people anticipate.

B. He believes that no other book covers the challenges of raising children.

C. Dr. Monroe asserts that poor parental skills can contribute to problem children.

2. According to Monroe, successful children are ones who:

A. are able to manage their emotional state in appropriate ways.

B. can remain calm at all times without getting upset or angry.

C. achieve their future educational and financial goals.

3. Monroe makes a comment about people getting married and says that they

A. think they are going to get divorced.

B. can never imagine the challenges life will present them later in life.

C. are always considering how difficult it is to raise children.

4. Based on Monroe's comments, which group has the greatest influence on children's

behaviors and ideas?

A. teachers

B. friends

C. parents

5. Parents should view the use of family rules as a way to:

A. restrict what children can do and say.

B. provide more opportunities for freedom in what children are allowed to do.

C. communicate more openly with children.

6. Which point can we infer from Monroe's final comments?

A. Taking parenting classes can help us grow closer to our children.

B. Raising children can be an arduous process.

C. Joy can always be attained in every aspect of child rearing.

Documents

Superfoods: Protect Your Body by Eating Right · Superfoods: Protect Your Body by Eating Right From a news story by San Francisco CBS 5 Dr. Kim Mulvihill October 2005 In North Beach