Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge - marineenergycorp.com

Wave Catchers Barges© use high vertical drag coefficient large flat bottom barge hulls to ride the water's surface. The pressure on these very large flat surface areas lifts the barges almost the height of the swell waves, which typically pass every 5 to 10 seconds. The barge's mooring lines turn generators located on top of the barges and inside water tight barge enclosures. The top sections of the mooring lines are made of a material that can resist the numerous cycles of varying wave loading and the corrosion as they pass repeatedly through the splash zone. A likely material to use in the upper mooring lines will be steel wire rope reinforced rubber belts. When the generators are a rotating type, the steel wire rope reinforced rubber belts first go over large (~6 meter) diameter articulated pulleys, then go over large (~12 meter) diameter uni-directional pulleys, then turn a large (~12 meter) diameter flywheels that finally turn the rotating generators. The forces in the mooring belts are large enough to turn large (~6 meter) diameter direct drive wind turbine generators. Almost all equipment is located inside water tight enclosures on top of the barge proving a dry safe working area for personnel maintaining the equipment and a dry area for equipment preservation. The use of large diameter low friction pulleys in the wave catcher barges provides minimum mechanical losses on the way to the generators and maximum belt life. Mooring lines are redundant and can be locked off for belt replacement.

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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge (Double The Torque and Power Output Of The Original Wave Catcher Barge)

US Patent Number 8823196-Apparatus of Wave Generators and a Mooring System to Generate Electricity

Introduction:

Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Presentation Contents

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1. Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Component Names and Functions a) Barge b) Mooring system c) Articulated Pulleys d) Uni-Direction Pulleys With Recoil Springs e) Flywheels f) Generators

2. Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Principles of Operation 3. Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Mooring System Options

a) Fixed Types ( Direct, Clump Weight, Horizontal, Taunt ) b) Weathervaning Types (Turret, Single Point Mooring )

4. Explanation Of The Various Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Component Functions 5. Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Dimensions 6. Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Features 7. Options For Surviving the 100 Year Return Period or Higher Storm Events 8. Features of the Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge 9. Special Features of the Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge

1. Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Component Names and Functions

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Rubber steel wire reinforced mooring belts turns generators onboard

Maintenance crews by helicopter or crew boat & work in dry enclosure

Large flat barge bottom collects very large vertical wave force and provides the lowest cost/ton steel fabrication

Equipment in watertight enclosure

Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge (Called the Super Watt because of the high torque it places on the generators)

A conventional tug can install or remove the barge in less than a day

Articulated pulleys in each corner wet room

Four Uni-Direction Pulleys With Recoil Springs

Flywheels store momentum and keep the generators turning

Four large wind turbine type generators

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2. Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Principles of Operation

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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Principles of Operation

6m

rad

ius

/ le

ver

arm

During wave crest loading the belts repeatedly pull on the unidirectional pulley with over 500 tonnes of force which places

3000 tonne-meters of torque on the flywheel and generator

Unidirectional Pulley

The belts wrap completely around the unidirectional pulleys allowing them to unwind and re-wind as the barge rises and falls during 100 year + storms

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6m

rad

ius

/ le

ver

arm

During wave trough unloading the recoil springs rewind the belts back on the unidirectional pulleys in

preparation for the next wave crest loading

Unidirectional Pulley


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The flywheels store the wave energy in the form of momentum until the generators convert the momentum into electricity

The generators convert the momentum into electricity

Direction of Rotation


3. Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Mooring System Options

(Many other options are possible)

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Super Watt Wave

Catcher

Direct

Turret

Single Point Bow Mooring Clump Weight 10

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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge With Direct Piled Mooring

The Simplest Mooring System Is A Shallow Water Direct Vertical Mooring System To Anchor Piles Or Gravity Anchors

Direct Vertical Mooring System

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Piled anchors used directly below the barge. The addition of spring buoys minimizes vessel offset under both normal and extreme sea conditions and adds minimum vertical load to the barge. Minimum vessel

offset maximizing barge vertical motion and maximizing power generation.

Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge With Direct Piled Mooring And Spring Buoys

A Spring Buoy Mooring System Can Be Added To Most Mooring Systems Horizontal Mooring System

Polyester Vertical Mooring System

Anchor Piles

Spring Buoys

Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge

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Piled anchors directly below the barge. Spring buoys minimize vessel offset in normal and extreme sea conditions.


Four 6 Megawatt+ Direct Drive Generators Spring Buoy Horizontal Mooring System And Direct Piled Mooring System

Anchor Piles

Polyester Horizontal

Mooring System

Spring Buoys




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Piled anchors directly below the barge. Spring buoys minimize vessel offset in normal and extreme sea conditions.


Spring Buoy Horizontal Mooring System And Direct Piled Mooring System Combination Polyester Horizontal

Mooring System

Anchor Piles

Spring Buoys



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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge With Direct Clump Weight Mooring

Clump Weights On Seabed During Normal Waves

Polyester Vertical Mooring Rope

Anchor Piles

Chain Mooring Leg Seabed Section


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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge With Direct Clump Weight and Spring Buoy Mooring

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Clump weight anchors directly below the barge are sized to not leave the seabed during normal wave conditions, but lift off the seabed to become a clump weights in a catenary mooring system during an extreme cyclonic event. Spring buoys minimize vessel offset in normal and extreme sea conditions and impose minimum vertical load on the barge allowing maximum barge vertical motion and maximum

power generation.

Clump Weights


Anchor Piles

Polyester Horizontal Mooring Rope

Spring Buoys


Steel Reinforced Rubber Belts

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Spring Buoys Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge

Steel Wire Rope Reinforced Rubber Belts

Steel Wire Rope Reinforced Rubber Belts Steel wire reinforced belts are likely to be used since they have proven to have long lives in all sorts of applications including car and truck engines. Rubber is also resistant to sea water corrosion. Offshore platforms have successfully used reinforced rubber coatings in the splash zone areas for decades. Rubber's long term resistance to seawater is best indicated by airplanes on the decks of sunken World War II aircraft carriers that still have air in their tires.

4. Explanation Of The Various Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Component Functions

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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge With Spring Buoy Horizontal Moorings (Note Large Flat Bottom Of A Standard Barge)

The forces in the mooring legs will be very high unless the force is limited. The torque imposed by the generator imposes a drag on the mooring legs like a fishing reel does on a fishing line. The fishing reel's drag limiter releases the fishing line well before its breaking line load, which is the plan for this system. In addition, this system uses recoil springs to rewind the mooring lines back on the pulleys, in preparation for the next wave crest, when tension in the mooring line drops below a preset load.

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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge With Spring Buoy Horizontal Moorings (Note Articulated Pulleys Housed In Corner Wet Rooms)

Flexible curtain seals inside the incline pipe excludes water from the dry enclosure

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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge With Spring Buoy Horizontal Moorings

The Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge uses an inclined pipe to support the articulated pulley. The center of the inclined pipe is the center of rotation of the articulated pulley and also the conduit for the mooring lines on their way to the unidirectional pulley. Any water on the mooring line belts either runs down the mooring line belts or the incline pipe back into the ocean. Flexible curtain seals inside the incline pipe eliminate water from entering the dry enclosure.

Flexible curtain seals inside the incline pipe excludes water from the dry enclosure

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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Moon Pools

Super Watt Wave Catcher Barges has moon pools at the bow and the stern of the barges around all mooring belts to allow the mooring belts to move freely up and down without touching the barge as the barge moves with the waves. The size of the required moon pool will depend on many factors including: the extreme environmental conditions at the installation site, the type of mooring system used, the top elevation of the articulated pulley, etc. Mooring systems that keep the mooring belts as vertical as possible reduce the moon pool size.

Moon Pool

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Clump weight anchors directly below the barge are sized to not leave the seabed during normal wave conditions, but lift off the seabed to become a clump weights in a catenary mooring system during an extreme cyclonic event. Spring buoys minimize vessel offset in normal and extreme sea conditions and impose minimum vertical load on the barge allowing maximum barge vertical motion, maximum power

generation and minimum moon pool size.


Clump Weights


Anchor Piles

Polyester Horizontal Mooring Rope

Spring Buoys

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Clump Weights

Polyester Vertical Mooring Rope Anchor

Piles

Horizontal Mooring Rope Spring Buoys

Clump weight anchors directly below the barge are sized to not leave the seabed during normal wave conditions, but lift off the seabed to become a clump weights in a catenary mooring system during an extreme cyclonic event. Spring buoys minimize vessel offset in normal and extreme sea conditions and impose minimum vertical load on the barge allowing maximum barge vertical motion, maximum power

generation and minimum moon pool size.

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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge With Turret Moored Sea Anchor

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Components: Four 12 M OD Unidirectional Pulleys Four 12 M OD Flywheels Four 6+ Megawatt Direct Drive Generators One Sea Anchor With Turret Catenary Mooring System

Turret moored sea anchor mooring systems allow the barges to naturally weathervane into the strongest wave direction maximizing wave power generation at all times. Sea anchors serve as

artificial seabed. Sea anchors moved up to near the barge or locked to the barge prior to a cyclonic event minimize cyclonic loads in the vertical belts.

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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Farm With Turret Moored Sea Anchors

ISO View

Plan View

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Turret moored sea anchor mooring system allows barge to naturally weathervane into the strongest wave direction maximizing wave power generation at all times. Sea anchor serves as

artificial seabed. Sea anchor moves with barge during cyclonic events.

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The turret moored sea anchor allows the barge to naturally weathervane into the strongest wave maximizing wave power generation at all times. Sea anchor serves as artificial seabed. The Sea anchor is slightly negatively buoyant maintaining tension in the mooring belts at all

times. System uses two 100% redundant mooring belts at each corner.

Sea Anchor

Turret

two 100% redundant mooring belts at each corner

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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge With Turret Moored Sea Anchor With Four 12 M OD Unidirectional Pulleys, Four 12 M OD Flywheels and

Four 6 M OD 6 Megawatt Direct Drive Generators

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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge With Sea Anchor And Single Point Mooring

Spring Buoy

The sea anchors can be locked to the barge in transit to location and prior to a cyclonic event. Once on location or after a cyclonic event the sea anchors can be ballasted until they are slightly negatively buoyant and at the optimum elevation below the barge and below the influence of normal daily swell waves. The sea anchors will reach a point of equilibrium with the recoil spring tension. The point of equilibrium can be adjusted by readjusting the sea anchor’s ballast. The spring buoy’s horizontal attachment arms will be horizontal under most prevailing normal swell wave conditions and impose minimum vertical load on the barge.

Sea Anchor

Spring buoy horizontal attachment arms

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Spring Buoys


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Spring Buoys

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Spring Buoys

The sea anchors can be locked to the barge in transit to location and prior to a cyclonic event. Once on location or after a cyclonic event the sea anchors can be ballasted until they are slightly negatively buoyant and at the optimum elevation below the barge and below the influence of normal daily swell waves. The sea anchors will reach a point of equilibrium with the recoil spring tension. The point of equilibrium can be adjusted by readjusting the sea anchor’s ballast. The spring buoy’s horizontal attachment arms will be horizontal under most prevailing normal swell wave conditions and impose minimum vertical load on the barge.

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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge – Single Point Moored Sea Anchor

Spring Buoys

The sea anchors will reach a point of equilibrium with the recoil spring tension. The point of equilibrium can be adjusted by readjusting the sea anchor’s ballast. The spring buoy’s horizontal attachment arms should be slightly downward toward the buoy under most prevailing normal swell wave conditions and thus impose a small downward vertical load on the sea anchor. This downward load will eliminating future sea anchor ballast adjustments and eliminating horizontal attachment arm vertical load on the barge.

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Inclined stern mooring lines

The use of slightly inclined stern mooring lines helps: 1) minimizing the horizontal offset between the sea anchor and the barge; 2) helps maintain the upper mooring

lines as near vertical as possible; 3) minimizes the moon pool sizes; 4) helps maximize the vertical loads in the upper mooring belts; 5) helps maximize the power

output of the Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge; etc.

Spring Buoys

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Spring Buoys

Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge With Taunt Moored Buoyant Pontoons

Dry Enclosure

Barge Hull

Steel Reinforced Rubber Belts Are Lowered For ROV Connection

Taunt Mooring Legs

Buoyant Submerged

Frame

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Pre

-in

stal

led

ROV Connection

ROV Connection

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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge With Taunt Moored Buoyant Pontoons

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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge With Sea Anchor and Horizontal Lines To Spring Buoys

Spring Buoys

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Spring Buoys

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Spring Buoys

5. Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Dimensions

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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Has Convention Barge Dimensions

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Conventional Barge Dimensions Allow Convention Barge Fabrication Anywhere In The World

6.5m

8.0m

4.0m

20m

53.5m

69.5m

48

Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Length Dimensions

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37.5m

49

Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Width Dimension

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2 - 100% Capacity Mooring Belts At Each Corner Provide Redundancy And Allow Routine Belt Replacement


6. Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Features

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The Corner Wet Rooms. Many Options For Minimum Wet Room Splash Without Belt Contact.

2 - 100% Capacity Mooring Belts At Each Corner Provide Redundancy And Allow

Routine Belt Replacement

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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Corner Wet Rooms House Articulated Pulleys

Articulated pulleys, like those used in gym equipment, are fairleads located above water for easy inspection and maintenance, minimum corrosion and minimum marine life buildup. The articulated pulleys are made large diameter for long mooring belt fatigue life and low energy losses. The articulated pulleys are cantilevered to maximize the flat bottom area of the barge

and thus maximize vertical wave forces on the barge. The articulated pulleys are located in corner wet rooms isolating them from the dry barge enclosure. The articulated pulleys are

designed to swivel freely under all wave conditions and the moon pool is sized to insure the mooring belts do not touch the hull at anytime.

Articulated Pulley / Corner

Moon Pool 2 - 100% Mooring Belts Per Corner For Redundancy

Wet Room / Corner

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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Mooring Belts

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two 100% redundant mooring belts at each corner

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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Mooring Belts


Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Corner Wet Rooms House Cantilevered Articulated Pulleys

Articulated pulleys, like those used in gym equipment, are fairleads located above water for easy inspection and maintenance, minimum corrosion and minimum marine life buildup. The articulated pulleys are made large diameter for long mooring belt fatigue life and low energy losses. The articulated pulleys are cantilevered to maximize the flat bottom area of the barge

and thus maximize vertical wave forces on the barge. The articulated pulleys are located in corner wet rooms isolating them from the dry barge enclosure. The articulated pulleys are

designed to swivel freely under all wave conditions and the moon pool is sized to insure the mooring belts do not touch the hull at anytime. 55 June 10, 2015

Articulated Pulley

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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Enclosure Components

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Sloped Large Diameter Pipe With Multiple Seals Keeps

Enclosure Dry

Belt Passes Through The Center of the Large

Diameter Pipe Which Is The Center of Rotation

Articulated Pulley Rotates On Large Diameter Pipe

Steel Reinforced Rubber Belt Mooring Legs

Corner Wet Rooms At Each Corner

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Direct Drive Wind Turbine Generators

12 meter OD Flywheels


Unidirectional Pulleys With Recoil Springs

Wave Catcher Barges are likely to initially use proven high capacity direct drive wind turbine generators. However, later specific Wave Catcher Barge generators may be used. Direct drive generators required less torque and provide a lower system costs. The illustration above shows one of several possible ways to supply the direct drive generator’s RPM requirements.

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6 M OD Direct Drive Generators

Corner Wet Room Many Opening Closure Options Are Available


12 M OD Unidirectional Pulleys 12 M OD Flywheels

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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Components

Corner Wet Room

Many Opening Closure Options Available

Two redundant steel rope reinforced rubber mooring

belts per corner

Articulated Pulley

Mooring Belts Go Over Cantilevered Pulleys Housed In Wet Rooms

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Dry Enclosure

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Corner Wet Room

Belt Drying Pipe

Dry Enclosure Houses Transformers, Control Rooms, Switch Gear, Etc.


Flywheels Unidirectional Pulleys Articulated Pulley

Direct Drive Generators

7. Options For Surviving the 100 Year Return Period or Higher Storm Events

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The following are a few of the many options for limiting mooring leg tensions during 100 year storm events and allowing the Wave Catcher Barges to survive such an event: Passive Options: 1. Use of clump weights at the bottom of near vertical mooring legs that stay on the seabed during

normal waves but lift off the seabed during storm loading. 2. Use of line load limiters, like those used on fishing reels. 3. Recoil spring stiffness increase with unidirectional pulley exceeds a preset angle of rotation.

Active Options: 1. De-ballast and lock the sea anchor to bottom of barge. 2. Disengage the flywheel and generation reducing mooring leg tension. 3. Increase tension in the horizontal mooring system to serve more as a taunt leg system.

7. Options For Surviving the 100 Year Return Period or Higher Storm Events

Unidirectional Pulley / Recoil Spring Angle of Rotation

Re

coil

Spri

ng

Torq

ue

No

rmal

Wav

es

Higher Than Normal Waves

8. Summary of Features of the Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge

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8. Summary of Features of the Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge

1. Have large high drag coefficient flat bottoms that attract significant vertical wave force. 2. These light weight barges are very responsive to wave loading and ride the waves. 3. The barges are towed to site by conventional which anchor them in less than a day. 4. The barge’s mooring legs turns 4 large wind turbine type generators located onboard. 5. Most equipment is located in a watertight enclosure on top of the barge. 6. Barge sizes are matched to environmental conditions. 7. One barge may be able to generate over 30 megawatts in normal high swell waves locations. 8. Barge mooring legs hold it on location during extreme storm events. 9. Maintenance crew access by boat or helicopter and crews work in safe above water dry top of barge enclosures. 10. The barge can be disconnected in less than a day and towed to shore for low cost safe onshore major maintenance. 11. Barge components are designed for long life and low cost replacement. 12. CAPEX and OPEX estimated similar to onshore wind power. 13. Uses reliable swell wave power 24 hours per day. 14. Barge are low profile, difficult to see from shore and painted for minimum visual pollution. 15. Cause no environmental harm since they have no discharges and have no fast moving components in the water. 16. Their hulls support new marine growth and increased the fish population 17. They use proven offshore industry barge technology and can be design to last over 25 years. 18. Use proven existing high output wind turbine generators. 19. Use proven existing offshore industry export power cables and their support technology. 20. This presentation will illustrate: various mooring systems that can be used in varying water depths; major system

components and their function; etc.

9. Special Features of the Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge

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1. The more vertical mooring legs the more efficient the wave energy is transferred to the generators; therefore, maintaining the mooring legs as close to vertical as possible is an advantage, which also reduces possible hull interference.

2. The forces in the mooring legs will be very high unless the force is limited. The torque imposed by the generator imposes a drag on the mooring legs like a fishing reel does on a fishing line. The fishing reel's drag limiter releases the fishing line well before its breaking line load, which is the plan for this system. In addition, this system uses recoil springs to rewind the mooring lines back on the pulleys, in preparation for the next wave crest, when tension in the mooring line drops below a preset load.

3. The Super Watt version of the Wave Catcher barge uses an inclined pipe to support the articulated pulley. The center of the inclined pipe is the center of rotation of the articulated pulley and also the conduit for the mooring lines on their way to the unidirectional pulley. Any water on the mooring line belts either runs down the mooring line belts or the incline pipe back into the ocean. Flexible curtain seals inside the incline pipe eliminate water from entering the dry enclosure.

4. Two steel wire rope reinforced rubber belts are planned in separate grooves on the articulated pulleys and the unidirectional pulleys. The length of the rubber belts in upper portion of the mooring legs is set by the stroke needs of the belts in the 100 year return period storm events. Polyester mooring ropes are proposed below the rubber belts. Two 100 % capacity rubber belt and polyester ropes mooring legs are needed at each corner to allow for routine rubber belt and polyester mooring rope replacement, long fatigue life and redundancy. Polyester mooring rope spacers are planned, below the belt attachment points, to prevent mooring rope wear, rope ringing and rope-to-rope contact.

9. Special Features of the Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge

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Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge - marineenergycorp.com