Sunflower Oil Market Analysis_04052011.docx

7/21/2019 Sunflower Oil Market Analysis_04052011.docx

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MARKET ANALYSIS:SUNFLOWER OIL



MARKET ANALYSIS: SUNFLOWER OIL

MARKET ANALYSIS:SUNFLOWER OIL

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The designations emploed and the p!esentation o" mate!ial in this st#d do not impl the e$p!ession o" anopinion %hatsoe&e! on the pa!t o" the Inte!national T!ade 'ent!e (IT') *on*e!ning the legal stat#s o" an *o#nt!+te!!ito!+ *it o! a!ea o! o" its a#tho!ities+ o! *on*e!ning the delimitation o" its "!ontie!s o! ,o#nda!ies-

The mention o" spe*i"i* *ompanies o! o" *e!tain *omme!*ial p!od#*ts and ,!and names does not impl that thea!e endo!sed o! !e*ommended , IT' in p!e"e!en*e to othe!s o" a simila! nat#!e that a!e not mentioned-

Sho!t e$t!a*ts "!om this do*#ment ma ,e "!eel !ep!od#*ed+ %ith d#e a*.no%ledgement o" the so#!*e-

This ma!.et p!o"ile has not ,een "o!mall edited , theInte!national T!ade 'ent!e (IT')

/!epa!ed , :

Lo#ise S%a!t+ E*onomist+ National Ag!i*#lt#!al Ma!.eting 'o#n*ilNi*o S*heltema+ E*onomist+ National Ag!i*#lt#!al Ma!.eting 'o#n*ilTshepo Ranoto+ 0epa!tment o" Ag!i*#lt#!e+ Fo!est! and Fishe!ies

1e!t &an Rens,#!g+ 0epa!tment o" Ag!i*#lt#!e+ Fo!est! and Fishe!ies

Unde! the s#pe!&ision o":

Oli&ie! MARTY+ Ma!.et Analsis+ Ma!.et Analsis and Resea!*h se*tion+ IT'

Fo! additional in"o!mation+ please *onta*t: ma!.etanalsisint!a*en-o!g

3

mailto:[email protected]




MARKET ANALYSIS: SUNFLOWER OILForeword

Will be written by ITC

Acknowlede!ent"

Will be written by ITC

4




T#ble o$ Content"

Foreword%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%&

Acknowlede!ent"%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%&

Abbre&i#tion"%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%&ii

E'ec(ti&e S(!!#ry%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%)

A% *rod(ct +e"cri,tion%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%-

0e"inition and des*!iption o" p!od#*t and its appli*ation(s)--------------------------------------56S *ode+ NTL(s) "o! impo!ting *o#nt! and NTL(s) "o! So#th A"!i*a------------------------5/!od#*tion-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5'ons#mption-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------77

.% Forein Tr#de #nd *otenti#l I!,ortin M#rket"%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%/0

Fo!eign T!ade----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------74/otential Ma!.ets: ma!.et s*!eening----------------------------------------------------------------------78Rationale "o! the ta!get ma!.et-------------------------------------------------------------------------------78So#th A"!i*a9s t!ade pe!"o!man*e in ta!get ma!.et-------------------------------------------------78'ompetition in the ta!get ma!.et-----------------------------------------------------------------------------78

C% *#nor#!#%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%/1

+% *eo,le%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%/)

E% *er!i""ion: M#rket Acce""%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%/-

Ta!i""s-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------75Nonta!i"" meas#!es------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------75

F% *#ck#in #nd L#bellin Re(l#tion"%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%2/

3% *rice"%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%24

5% *l#ce!ent: +i"trib(tion C6#nnel"%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%27

I%*ro!otion%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%28

Anne' /: M#rket Attr#cti&ene"" T#ble%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%21

Anne' 2: *otenti#l *ro",ect"%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%2)

Anne' 4: Non9t#ri$$ !e#"(re"%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%/1

Anne' 0: Li"t o$ So(rce"%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%/)

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MARKET ANALYSIS: SUNFLOWER OILAbbre&i#tion"

6S 6a!moni;ed Sstem

W'O Wo!ld '#stoms O!gani;ation

L< /o#nds

6TS 6a!moni;ed Ta!i"" S*hed#le

AMS Ag!i*#lt#!al Ma!.eting Se!&i*e

F0A Food and d!#g Administ!ation

US0A United States 0epa!tment o" Ag!i*#lt#!e

IT' Inte!national T!ade 'ente!

UK United Kingdom

/EST /oliti*al+ E*onomi*+ So*ial and Te*hnolog analsis

UN United Nation

NATO No!th Atlanti* T!eat O!gani;ation'IA 'ent!al Intelligen*e Agen*

EU E#!opean Union

T0'A Ag!eement on T!ade+ 0e&elopment+ and 'oope!ation

1S/ 1ene!al Sstem o" /!e"e!en*e

WTO Wo!ld T!ade O!ganisation

FSA Food Sa"et Agen*

6SE 6ealth and Sa"et E$e*#ti&e

'R0 'hemi*als Reg#lation 0i!e*to!ate

<R' <!itish Retail 'onso!ti#m0EFRA UK 0epa!tment "o! En&i!onment+ Food and R#!al A""ai!s

=




E'ec(ti&e S(!!#ry

One page e$e*#ti&e s#mma!

This ma!.et p!o"ile !e&ie%s the UNITE0 KIN10OM ma!.et "o! SUNFLOWER OIL+ its "#t#!e p!ospe*ts "o!

ne% s#pplie!s ente!ing the ma!.et- The p#!pose o" this ma!.et p!o"ile is to g#ide possi,le ne% ent!antsinto s#n"lo%e! oil ma!.et-

The United Kingdom ma!.et "o! (name o" the p!od#*t) is -------

/!od#*tion in the (name o" the impo!ting *o#nt!)------

The demand "o! (name o" the p!od#*t) has in*!eased signi"i*antl d#e to the g!o%th ---- et*

1




A% *rod(ct +e"cri,tion

This ma!.et p!o"ile ill#st!ates the United Kingdom (UK) ma!.et "o! S#n"lo%e! Oil and is intended "o! the#se o" p!od#*e!s and e$po!te!s o" S#n"lo%e! Oil in So#th A"!i*a-

+e$inition #nd de"cri,tion o$ ,rod(ct #nd it" #,,lic#tion";

6ealth+ nat#!al s#n"lo%e! oil is p!od#*ed "!om oil tpe s#n"lo%e! seeds- S#n"lo%e! oil is light in taste andappea!an*e and s#pplies mo!e >itamin E than an othe! &egeta,le oil- It is a *om,ination o" mono#nsat#!ated and pol#nsat#!ated "ats %ith lo% sat#!ated "at le&els- The &e!satilit o" this health oilis !e*ogni;ed , *oo.s inte!nationall- S#n"lo%e! oil is &al#ed "o! its light taste+ "!ing pe!"o!man*e andhealth ,ene"its- S#n"lo%e! oil meets the needs o" *ons#me! and "ood man#"a*t#!e!s ali.e "o! a healthand high pe!"o!man*e nont!ansgeni* &egeta,le oil-

S#n"lo%e! oil is mainl #sed in "ood o! te*hni*al appli*ations s#*h as *oo.ing oil+ "o! ,io"#els and*osmeti*s in the UK- In So#th A"!i*a s#n"lo%e! oil is mainl #sed "o! *oo.ing p#!poses in- The UKpop#lation is in*!easingl *on*e!ned a,o#t health eating ha,its th#s the pop#lation has shi"ted a%a"!om the *ons#mption o" "att a*ids and hd!ogenated "ats to%a!ds mo!e #nsat#!ated "ats %ith thein*!ease in the *ons#mption o" &egeta,le oils and "ats-

0omesti* demand "o! s#n"lo%e! oil has in*!eased in !e*ent ea!s as p!o*esso!s ha&e ,#ilt !e"ine!ies andla!ge ,#e!s ha&e *ommitted to "#t#!e p#!*hases- Food p!o*esso!s #se the oil "o! "!ing "oods (in*l#dingpotato *hips) and in salad and *oo.ing oil+ ma!ga!ine+ and dai! s#,stit#tes- S#n"lo%e! oil is p!e"e!!ed inman high?#alit dining esta,lishments "o! its ne#t!al taste- A small s#ppl o" higholei* oil is #sed inind#st!ial "!ing appli*ations %he!e high tempe!at#!es !e?#i!e good o$idation sta,ilit- A small amo#nt o" oil is also #sed in *osmeti*s+ !esins+ and l#,!i*ants (US0A+ 2@77)-

S#n"lo%e! oil *an ,e di&ided ,et%een linolei*+ higholei*+ and midolei* s#n"lo%e! oils- Until !e*entl+linolei* oil %as the p!edominant oil- Linolei* oil m#st ,e pa!tiall hd!ogenated to maintain its sta,ilit in&a!io#s #ses+ a p!o*ess that also *!eates t!ans "ats- /lant ,!eede!s ,egan de&eloping midolei* seed a"te! !esea!*h #n*o&e!ed a lin. ,et%een t!ans "ats and hea!t disease- Toda+ the mao!it o" the s#n"lo%e! oils#ppl is midolei*+ %hi*h does not !e?#i!e hd!ogenation- Midolei* oil has no t!ans "ats+ lo%mono#nsat#!ated "at+ and a ne#t!al taste (US0A+ 2@77)-

5S code< NTL"; $or i!,ortin co(ntry #nd NTL"; $or So(t6 A$ric#

Spe*i"i* *odes to identi" the p!od#*t *atego! a!e as "ollo%s:6S (6a!moni;ed Sstem) 'ode7: 787275National Ta!i"" Line *ode o" the impo!ting *o#nt!: 78727557National Ta!i"" Line *ode o" So#th A"!i*a: 787275@@

*rod(ction

World ,rod(ction

It is impo!tant to note that %o!ld%ide+ the le&els o" s#n"lo%e! seed p!od#*tion a!e dete!minant o"+

s#n"lo%e! oil p!od#*tion le&els-

7 6S 'odes a!e inte!nationall standa!di;ed names and n#m,e!s that *lassi" t!adedp!od#*ts that a!e de&eloped and maintained , the Wo!ld '#stoms O!gani;ation(W'O)- The W'O is an independent o!gani;ation o" 7=@ *o#nt!ies ,ased in <!#ssels+<elgi#m- The 6S sstem !ep!esents almost 5B pe!*ent o" %o!ld t!ade+ %hi*h in*l#des2@@ *o#nt!ies- %%%-%*oomd-o!g

)

http://www.wcoomd.org/

http://www.wcoomd.org/




S#n"lo%e! seed oil p!od#*tion ma.e #p a!o#nd B C o" the total &egeta,le oil p!od#*tion in the %o!ld- The&egeta,le oil ma!.et is dominated , palm oil (D 33 C)+ so,ean oil (D 25 C) and !apeseed oil (D 7= C)-

Wo!ld p!od#*tion has sho%n an in*!easing t!end o&e! the past 7@ ea!s+ %ith U.!aine+ the EU and R#ssia,eing the la!gest p!od#*e!s- 0#!ing the 2@7@2@77 p!od#*tion season+ So#th A"!i*a %as !e*o!ded as the5th la!gest s#n"lo%e! p!od#*e! (US0A+ 2@77)-

0

500

1000

1500

2000

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3000

Production (1000 MT)

Fig#!e 7: The la!gest s#n"lo%e! oil p!od#*e!s d#!ing 2@7@2@77So#!*e: US0A+ 2@77

The g!o%th in the oilseed se*to!s a!e tightl lin.ed to in*!eased demand "o! ,iodiesel "eedsto*.+pop#lation d!i&en in*!eased demand "o! &egeta,le oil+ and demand "o! oil meals in li&esto*. "eed !ations(E#!opean 'ommission+ 2@@5)-

The glo,al o#tp#t "o! s#n"lo%e! seed a!e p!edi*ted to !emain the same in the 2@7@77 p!od#*tion seasonas in the 2@@57@ p!od#*tion season- Un"a&o#!a,le %eathe! *onditions in Easte!n E#!ope hampe!ed

s#n"lo%e! *#lti&ation ,#t this is not e$pe*ted to *hange glo,al o#tp#t d#e to p!od#*tion in*!eases in A!gentina+ India and T#!.e-

-




So(t6 A$ric# ,rod(ction

So#th A"!i*a p!od#*ed ,et%een 8@@ @@@ to B@@ @@@ tons o" s#n"lo%e! seed pe! ea! ,et%een 2@@8 to2@7@- S#n"lo%e! seeds a!e ha!&ested "!om an#a! #p #ntil #ne depending on the p!od#*tion a!ea andplanting time- S#n"lo%e! seed *an ,e sto!ed "o! #p to 72 months- Nea!l all o" So#th A"!i*a9s s#n"lo%e! seed a!e p!o*essed into s#n"lo%e! seed oil and s#n"lo%e! seed oil*a.e "o! h#man and animal*ons#mption- A &e! small amo#nt o" So#th A"!i*a9s s#n"lo%e! seed a!e e$po!ted to neigh,o#!ing*o#nt!ies- The &ol#mes o" s#n"lo%e! seed p!od#*ed , So#th A"!i*an "a!me!s depends la!gel on thep!i*e o" s#,stit#te *!ops s#*h as mai;e-

O&e! the past th!ee ea!s So#th A"!i*a p!od#*ed a!o#nd 3@@ @@@ tons o" s#n"lo%e! seed oil (SA1IS+2@77)- A**o!ding to a !epo!t on the Man#"a*t#!ing o" Oil and Animal Fat in So#th A"!i*a , Who O%nsWhom (/t) Ltd the *#!!ent p!o*essing *apa*it "o! s#n"lo%e! seed is 7 442 @@@ G 7 822 @@@ ton- The&ol#me o" s#n"lo%e! seed *!#shed a**o!ding to the So#th A"!i*an 1!ain In"o!mation Se!&i*e (SA1IS+2@77) is a!o#nd 8@@ @@@ G B@@ @@@ tons indi*ating that the p!o*essing *apa*it is not "#ll #tili;ed- Thete*hnolog #sed "o! p!o*essing in So#th A"!i*a is on pa! %ith "o!eign *ompetito!s (need to *on"i!m)-

S#n"lo%e! seed oil has a shel&e li"e o" 72 months (FAO+ 2@7@)- The ta,les ,elo% lists the s#n"lo%e! seed

p!o*essing *ompanies as %ell as the oilseed !e"ine!ies and thei! *apa*ities-

Ta,le 7: List o" p!o*esso! *ompanies in So#th A"!i*a*roce""or Co!,#ny =>>> tonne" ,er #nn(!

'ontinental 43@Nola 43@

Willo%tonIsando 24@3@@Ep.o 2@@

Willo%ton 744Elangeni Oil H 'a.e 4B

Tot#l /002 ? /722

So#!*e: Who O%ens Whom (2@7@)

Ta,le 2: List o" oilseed !e"ine!ies in So#th A"!i*aOil"eed Re$inerie" =>>> tonne" ,er #nn(!

'ontinental 27=Willo%ton 7B@

Nola [email protected] 5@S#n Oil 2S#nola 2U<R 2

'apital 84Elangeni 84

Ep.o 84Tot#l 548

/>




So#!*e: Who O%ens Whom (2@7@)

The p!o*essing and !e"ining *ompan+ Willo%ton oil and 'a.e Mills a!e e$po!ting to So#the!n and 'ent!al A"!i*a+ the Middle East+ the Fa! East+ E#!ope and the #nited States (Who O%ens Whom+ 2@7@)-

'onta*t details o" Willo%ton Oil H 'a.e MillsTelephone: J2 33 388 B@@Email: in"o%o*m-*omWe, add!ess: %%%-%o*m-*om

S#n"lo%e! seed a!e p!od#*ed in the F!ee State /!o&in*e (4= C) and the No!th West /!o&in*e (3= C)+(1!ainSA+ 2@77)- The p!o*essing and !e"ining ta.es pla*e in eithe! 1a#teng o! K%a#l#Natal nea! 0#!,an ha!,o#!- The !e"ined s#n"lo%e! seed oil *an then ,e e$po!ted "!om 0#!,an ha!,o#!-

In So#th A"!i*a s#n"lo%e! seed oil is mainl #sed "o! h#man *ons#mption- It is #sed at home o! in!esta#!ants and "ast "ood o#tlets "o! "!ing and it is also #sed , "ood man#"a*t#!e!s as an ing!edient inman "ood p!od#*ts s#*h as salad d!essings+ maonnaise and ma!ga!ine- S#n"lo%e! seed oil is also #sedto a m#*h lesse! e$tend in ,ea#t and la#nd! soaps-

Con"(!,tion

In the *ase o" &egeta,le oil *ons#mption 'hina is the %o!ld9s la!gest *ons#me!- 'hina is the!e"o!e alsothe la!gest impo!te! o" &egeta,le oils- 'hina impo!ted 5 million met!i* tons o" &egeta,le oil in 2@@57@+thei! impo!ts *onsisted mainl o" so,ean oil+ palm oil and !apeseed oil- One o" the main !easons *ited "o! the signi"i*ant in*!eases in &egeta,le oil p!i*es e$pe!ien*ed latel is the in*!eased demand "o! &egeta,leoils "!om 'hina (US0A+ 2@77,)-

A *lose! loo. at the &egeta,le oil ma!.et and mo!e spe*i"i*all the s#n"lo%e! oil ma!.et sho%s that theEU2 %as the se*ond la!gest impo!te! o" s#n"lo%e! oil d#!ing the 2@@57@ season (O*tSep)+ al,eit theEU2 ,eing !an.ed as the la!gest p!od#*e! o" s#n"lo%e! oil in the 2@@57@ season- This indi*ates that thes#n"lo%e! oil *ons#mption e$*eeds the s#n"lo%e! oil p!od#*tion in the EU2- A**o!ding to the US0A(2@77,)+ the EU2 has the la!gest domesti* *ons#mption o" s#n"lo%e! oil in the %o!ld o" 3 4@2 tho#sandmet!i* tons in 2@@57@-

Within the EU2+ the UK !an.ed as the "i"th la!gest *ons#me! o" &egeta,le oils and "ats in 2@@- /alm oil%as the UK9s main *ons#me! p!od#*t in 2@@+ "ollo%ed , s#n"lo%e! and sa""lo%e! oil ('<I+ 2@@5)-<et%een 2@@3 and 2@@+ <!itish s#n"lo%e! oil *ons#mption in*!eased , an ann#al a&e!age !ate o" 77Cand d#!ing the same pe!iod s#n"lo%e! and sa""lo%e! oil impo!ts sho%ed the sha!pest ann#al a&e!agein*!ease o" all the &egeta,le oil and "ats impo!ts o" 34 C ('<I+ 2@@5)-

The main ma!.et segments "o! &egeta,le oils and "ats in the United Kingdom a!e the t!aditional "oodma!.ets and the ,io diesel se*to!- S#n"lo%e! oil a**o#nted "o! 23 C o" the UK9s total ind#st!ial demand in2@@ ('<I+ 2@@5)- The demand "o! ,io"#els plas a la!ge !ole in the ma!.et "o! &egeta,le oils and "ats-<et%een 2@@8 and 2@@+ glo,al ,iodiesel p!od#*tion in*!eased "!om 4-8 to 77-8 ,illion lit!es and in 2@@B%o!ld p!od#*tion #mped e&en mo!e to 7=-3 lit!es (E#!opean 'ommission+ 2@@5)- The EU is the most

impo!tant plae! in the ,iodiesel se*to!+ %ith a sha!e o" 8@ C o" glo,al p!od#*tion+ *o!!esponding to!o#ghl B ,illion lit!es+ and == C on *ons#mption in 2@@B-

The e*onomi* do%nt#!n ,ene"ited man p!od#*t a!eas in n#t!itionstaples+ d#e to *ons#me!s in*!easinglopting "o! home*oo.ed "ood- This ,ene"ited p!od#*ts #sed "o! *oo.ing e&ening meals+ s#*h as pasta+!i*e+ &egeta,les and *oo.ing oil- Fig#!e 2 sho%s the &al#e and &ol#me o" pa*.aged "ood sales in the UK"o! the *atego! oils and "at o&e! time as %ell as E#!omonito! Inte!national9s p!oe*tions "o! &ol#mes- It ise&ident "!om the "ig#!e ,elo% that oils and "ats *ons#mption in the UK has sho%n a st!ong in*!easingt!end o&e! the past "e% ea!s and it is p!oe*ted to *ontin#e in the "#t#!e-

//




20052006200720082009201020112012201320142015

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

540

560

580

600

620

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660

Value of oils and fats sales Volume oils and fats salesmillion £ '000 tons

Fig#!e-2: >al#e an &ol#me o" sales o" pa*.aged "ood in the UK: Oils and "ats *atego!So#!*e: E#!omonito! Inte!national

The FAO !epo!ted that the la!gest in*!ease in s#n"lo%e! oil impo!ts is e$pe*ted to ta.e pla*e in the EU2!egion- The FAO "#!the! stated that the EU is one o" the %o!ld9s la!gest impo!te!s o" &egeta,le oils and

that a !ise in impo!ts %ill ,e !e?#i!ed to satis" inte!nal demand "o! oil and "o! "ood and+ in pa!ti*#la!+ non"ood (,io"#el) p#!poses (FAO+2@7@-)

It is "o!e*asted , the FAO Food O#tloo. that a net de*!ease in sto*.s appea!s to ,e &e! li.el in the EUd#e to %ea. p!od#*tion and !ising domesti* *ons#mption- Oils"ats impo!ts , the EU a!e e$pe*ted to*lim, to a ne% !e*o!d+ gi&en the *on*#!!en*e o" poo! !apeseed ha!&ests %ith "#!the! !ising demand "!om,io"#el p!od#*e!s-

/2




.% Forein Tr#de #nd *otenti#l I!,ortin M#rket"

Forein Tr#de

World Tr#de c6#r#cteri"tic" $or "elected ,rod(ct

The total %o!ld t!ade in s#n"lo%e! oil %e!e US2 ,illion in 2@@5- The ann#al g!o%th in the &al#e o" the%o!lds s#n"lo%e! oil e$po!ts %e!e 22C ann#all sin*e 2@@=- As the ann#al g!o%th in the ?#antit e$po!tedis BC o&e! the last 4 ea!s+ the g!o%th in &al#e (22C) is m#*h highe! than the g!o%th in ?#antit- Thismean that less s#n"lo%e! seed oil is t!ade+ ,#t the &al#e o" e$po!ts a!e highe!- In total the!e a!e 75@impo!ting *o#nt!ies in the %o!ld+ that impo!ts s#n"lo%e!seed oil and 7@@ e$po!ting *o#nt!ies o" s#n"lo%e!seed oil in the %o!ld-

2006 2007 2008 2009

0

500000

1000000

1500000

2000000

2500000

3000000

Value (USD thousand)

Fig#!e 3: Impo!ted &al#e o" s#n"lo%e!seed oil in the %o!ld (2@@= G 2@@5)So#!*e: T!ade Map+ 2@77

Ta,le 3 sho%s the leading impo!te!s and e$po!te!s o" s#n"lo%e! oil- The top impo!te!s o" s#n"lo%e!seed

oil impo!t 22-4C o" total impo!ts+ indi*ating that impo!ts a!e not *on*ent!ated- The same ta,le sho%s thatthe top e$po!te!s *ont!i,#te 25-8C o" total %o!ld e$po!ts+ indi*ating that e$po!ts a!e !elati&el*on*ent!ated-

Ta,le 3: Impo!ted &al#e o" s#n"lo%e!seed oil in the %o!ld (2@@5)

R#nk I!,orter"@#l(e o$

i!,ort"< US+!illion

S6#re inWorld

I!,ort"<

R#nk E',orter"@#l(e o$

e',ort"< US+!illion

S6#re inWorld

I!,ort"<

7- UK 27@-2 7@-7 7- F!an*e 23-8 77-32- <elgi#m 745-2 -2 2- 6#nga! 2@@-= 5-=3- 1e!man 7@8-8 8-7 3- Nethe!lands 7B7-2 B-=

So#!*e: IT' T!adeMap+ 2@77-

/4




*otenti#l M#rket": !#rket "creenin

Ta,le 4: /otential ma!.ets "o! So#th A"!i*an s#n"lo%e! oil

To, ,otenti#lI!,ort

M#rket"

S6#re o$

!#rket inworld

i!,ort"

I!,ort B(#ntityrowt6 $ro! t6e

world 2>>792>>-;

T#ri$$ #,,lied toSo(t6 A$ric#n"(n$lower oil

Co!,etition

Co!,etitor M#rket"6#re

T#ri$$ $#ced

7- Romania 3-BC 74C @C

7-6#nga! =-3C @C

2-<#lga!ia 72-7C @C

3-Moldo&a 7@-5C @C

4-United States @-3C B-7C

2- U-K 7@-7C 75C @C

7-F!an*e 84-7C @C

2-Nethe!lands 27-3C @C

3-<elgi#m 5-2C @C

4-A!gentina B-C =-7C

3- <elgi#m -2C 7C @C

7-Nethe!lands 8-=C @C

2-F!an*e 74-8C @C

3-1e!man =-3C @C4-A#st!ia @-= @C

So#!*e: IT'+ 2@77

R#tion#le $or t6e t#ret !#rket

It %as de*ided to e$plo!e ma!.ets to %hi*h So#th A"!i*a does not *#!!entl e$po!t s#n"lo%e! oil- Among thene% ma!.ets %ith the highest potential to e$po!t So#th A"!i*an s#n"lo%e! oil+ the UK %as *hosen as thema!.et %ith the most s#ited "o! So#th A"!i*an s#n"lo%e! oil- The UK is the %o!ld ,iggest impo!te! o" s#n"lo%e! oil+ *ons#ming 7@-7C o" %o!ld e$po!ts- The amo#nt o" S#n"lo%e! oil impo!ted into the UK alsoin*!eased , 75C ,et%een 2@@8 and 2@@5- So#th A"!i*a "a*es a @C impo!t ta!i"" %hen impo!ting into theUK- This p!o&ides So#th A"!i*an s#n"lo%e! oil e$po!te!s %ith a =-2C ta!i"" ad&antage o&e! a *ompetito! %itha *onside!a,le ma!.et sha!e in the UK+ namel A!gentina- The!e"o!e the de*ision %as ,ased on the la!ge

si;e o" the ma!.et+ the st!ong g!o%th and the a,sen*e an ta!i""s-

So(t6 A$ric#" tr#de ,er$or!#nce in t#ret !#rket

So#th A"!i*a is *#!!entl not e$po!ting to the UK %hi*h ,!ings a,o#t that So#th A"!i*a *#!!entl has not!ade pe!"o!man*e in the UK-

Co!,etition in t6e t#ret !#rket

So#th A"!i*a9s main *ompetito!s "o! s#n"lo%e! oil in the UK ma!.et in te!ms o" &al#e is F!an*e- In 2@@5

F!an*e e$po!ted s#n"lo%e! oil to the &al#e o" US 773 =2= @@@ to the UK- Follo%ing F!an*e %as theNethe!lands e$po!ting s#n"lo%e! oil to the &al#e o" US 44 =B5 @@@ and <elgi#m %ith e$po!ts to the UK o" US 75 374 @@@- In te!ms o" ?#antities F!an*e e$po!ted B2 74 tons o" s#n"lo%e! oil and the Nethe!landse$po!ted 32 ==tons o" s#n"lo%e! oil to the UK- <elgi#m+ A!gentina and 1e!man e$po!ted !espe*ti&el74 3@= tons+ 74 57@ tons and 5@ tons-

/0




Ta,le 8: /otential ma!.ets "o! So#th A"!i*an s#n"lo%e! oil

R#nkS(,,lyin !#rket" $or "(n$lower

oil i!,orted by t6e UnitedKindo!

I!,orted &#l(e 2>>-US+ t6o("#nd;

I!,orted B(#ntity2>>- ton";

7- F!an*e 773 =2= B2 74

2- Nethe!lands 44 =B5 32 ==

3- <elgi#m 75 374 74 3@=

4- A!gentina 7B 2@4 74 57@

8- 1e!man 72 @44 5@

So#!*e: IT' T!adeMap+ 2@77-

UK s#n"lo%e! oil impo!ts "!om the %o!ld g!e% , 4@ C pe! ann#m in &al#e "!om 2@@8 to 2@@5 and 75 Cpe! ann#m in ?#antit- S#n"lo%e! oil impo!ts "!om F!an*e in &al#e g!e% , 8= C pe! ann#m+ indi*atingthat F!an*e is gaining ma!.et sha!e- S#n"lo%e! oil impo!ts "!om the Nethe!lands+ <elgi#m and 1e!mang!e% in &al#e te!ms pe! ann#m "!om 2@@8 to 2@@5 , 37 C+ 4 C and 84 C+ !espe*ti&el- It *an the!e"o!e,e *on*l#ded that 1e!man is gaining ma!.et sha!e %hile the Nethe!lands and <elgi#m is losing ma!.etsha!e- The impo!t g!o%th in &al#e "o! impo!ts "o! A!gentina "o! the pe!iod 2@@8 to 2@@5 %as not a&aila,le-

The #nit &al#es "o! F!an*e is US 73B3 ton is highe! than the #nit &al#e "o! the se*ond and thi!d la!gests#ppling *o#nt!ies- The #nit &al#e "o! the Nethe!lands and <elgi#m is US 73=4 ton and US 738@ ton !espe*ti&el- A!gentina has the lo%est #n it &al#e o" US 7227 ton and 1e!man has the highest #nit&al#e o" US 7823 ton o" the "i&e la!gest s#pplie!s to the UK- Sin*e So#th A"!i*a is not *#!!entle$po!ting to the UK ma.es it di""i*#lt to *ompa!e #nit &al#es %ith the s#ppling *o#nties-

Fo#! o" the "i&e la!gest s#ppling *o#nt!ies to the UK is E#!opean *o#nt!ies+ these *o#nt!ies a!e lo*ated*lose! to the UK and the a!e pa!t o" the E#!o;one ma.ing it m#*h *heape! "o! them to e$po!t to the UK-

A!gentina on the othe! hand is m#*h "a!the! a%a "!om the UK than So#th A"!i*a- This might *o#nt inSo#th A"!i*a9s "a&o#! in te!ms o" less *a!,on emissions %hen the oil is shipped-

/7




C% *#nor#!#

Ma*!oe*onomi* in"o!mation a,o#t the UK "ollo%ing the /EST "a*to!s analsis %ill no% ,e dis*#ssed-

/oliti*al "a*to!s

The UK is a m#ltipa!t sstem and sin*e the 752@s+ the t%o la!gest politi*al pa!ties ha&e ,een the

'onse!&ati&e /a!t and the La,o#! /a!t- As a !es#lt o" negotiations "ollo%ing the ele*tion+ the ente!ed a"o!mal *oalition %ith the Li,e!al 0emo*!ats to "o!m a mao!it go&e!nment- As one o" "i&e pe!manentmem,e!s o" the UN Se*#!it 'o#n*il+ a "o#nding mem,e! o" NATO+ and o" the 'ommon%ealth+ the UKp#!s#es a glo,al app!oa*h to "o!eign poli*- The UK is also an a*ti&e mem,e! o" the EU+ altho#gh it *hoseto !emain o#tside the E*onomi* and Moneta! Union- /oliti*al p!ess#!e g!o#ps in*l#de the 'on"ede!ationo" <!itish Ind#st!+ the National Fa!me!s Union and the T!ades Union 'ong!ess ('IA Wo!ld Fa*t,oo.+2@77)-

E*onomi* "a*to!s

The UK is a de&eloped *o#nt!+ %ith the %o!lds ninth la!gest e*onom , p#!*hasing po%e! pa!it andg!o%ing , 7-8C a,o&e in"lation d#!ing 2@7>% The UK is also a leading t!ading po%e! and "inan*ial *ente! as %ell as the thi!d la!gest e*onom in E#!ope a"te! 1e!man and F!an*e ('IA Wo!ld Fa*t,oo.+ 2@77)- In2@@B+ the glo,al "inan*ial *!isis hit the e*onom pa!ti*#la!l ha!d+ d#e to the impo!tan*e o" its "inan*ial

se*to!- Sha!pl de*lining home p!i*es+ high *ons#me! de,t+ and the glo,al e*onomi* slo%do%n*ompo#nded <!itains e*onomi* p!o,lems+ p#shing the e*onom into !e*ession in the latte! hal" o" 2@@B+%ith the e*onomi* !e*o&e! onl ta.ing pla*e in the A#g#st o" 2@@5- >al#e added ta$es ha&e in*!eased to2@C in an#a! 2@77-

So*ial "a*to!s

F!om 2@7@+ the UK pop#lation has g!o%n , @-88C to an estimated =2-= million people in 2@77 ('IAWo!ld Fa*t,oo.+ 2@77)- The #!,an pop#lation !ep!esents B@C o" the total pop#lation+ and is e$pe*ted tog!o% @-C ea*h ea! #ntil 2@78- London+ <i!mingham and 1lasgo% a!e the la!gest *ities in the UK-1!o%ing *ons#me! demand "o! healthie! p!od#*ts ha&e sp#!!ed p!od#*e!s to "o*#s on o""e!ing healthie! p!od#*ts to *ons#me!s (E#!omonito!+ 2@7@)

Te*hnologi*al "a*to!s

In 2@@=+ it %as !epo!ted that the UK p!o&ided 5 pe!*ent o" the %o!lds s*ienti"i* !esea!*h pape!s and a 72pe! *ent sha!e o" *itations+ the se*ond highest in the %o!ld a"te! the US (Ma*Leod+ 2@@=)- In 2@@5+ B7-2Co" the UK pop#lation had a**ess to inte!net- ('IA Wo!ld Fa*t,oo.+ 2@77)

Fig#!e 4: Map o" the United Kingdom (depi*ted in da!. ,l#e)




+% *eo,le

O#! "o*#s is on ho#sehold #se!s+ ,#t the ,#e! o" o#! p!od#*t is !etaile!s+ mo!e spe*i"i* mao! national!etaile!s- The t!aditional main ma!.ets segments "o! &egeta,le oils and "ats a!e the "ood ma!.ets and ,iodiesel se*to!s- >egeta,le oils and "ats a!e mainl #sed in li?#id *oo.ing oils+ pe!sonal *a!e p!od#*ts and a

small amo#nt in *ate!ing+ ,is*#its and sna*.s-

The ma!.et segmentation "o! s#n"lo%e!seed oil is as "ollo%s:

*rod(ct

S#n"lo%e! seed oil "o! h#man *ons#mption- /a!t"o! ind#st!ial oil*a.e ,#t "o*#s on h#man*ons#mption- All &egeta,le oils a!e "!ee o" *holeste!ol and ha&e the same ene!g &al#e+ ,#tdi""e!ent "att *ompositions-

*rod(ction

S#n"lo%e! oil "o! *ons#mption the pa!t is lo*allsold-

End ("er

The *ons#me! is the end #se!+ ,#t the ,#e! isthe !etaile! "!om national *hain shops-

Socio 9 Econo!ic

The tpi*al *ons#me!s o" s#n"lo%e! oil a!e theho#sehold *ons#me!s-

The end *ons#me! in"l#en*es the ,#ing de*isions o" the !etaile!s and the "ollo%ing has ,een pi*.ed #pa,o#t the end *ons#me!s (E#!omonito!+ 2@7@):

• 0#!ing the e*onomi* do%nt#!n to *ons#me!s in*!easingl opting to home*oo.ed "ood- This ,ene"itedp!od#*ts #sed "o! *oo.ing e&ening meals+ s#*h as pasta+ !i*e and &egeta,le and seed oil-

• 'ons#me!s !ed#*ing the salt+ s#ga!+ t!ans"at and "at inta.e d#e to the go&e!nment9s n#t!itionaled#*ation *ampaigns-




E% *er!i""ion: M#rket Acce""

T#ri$$"

0#e to the Ag!eement o" T!ade+ 0e&elopment and 'oope!ation (T0'A) ,et%een So#th A"!i*a and theE#!opean Union So#th A"!i*an s#n"lo%e! oil is "!ee "!om an ta!i"" *ha!ges %hen ente!ing the UK ma!.et-

So#th A"!i*a9s st!ongest *ompetito!s in the UK a!e mem,e!s o" the EU+ and the!e"o!e also e$empt "!oman ta!i""s- Unde! the 1ene!ali;ed Sstem o" /!e"e!en*es (1S/) o" the WTO+ A!gentinean s#n"lo%e! oile$po!te!s "a*e a =-2C ta!i"" %hen e$po!ting to the UK- A!gentina is the onl *ompetito! in the UK ma!.etthat "a*es a ta!i"" %hen e$po!ting to the UK-

So#th A"!i*an s#n"lo%e! oil e$po!te!s ha&e a =-2C ta!i"" ad&antage o&e! A!gentinean e$po!te!s- 6o%e&e!+a small ta!i"" ad&antage o" onl =-2C *an easil ,e e!oded , ine""i*ien*ies in the So#th A"!i*an s#ppl*hain- O&e!all So#th A"!i*an e$po!te!s %ill ente! the UK ma!.et %ith no st!ong ad&antages o! disad&antages o&e! thei! *ompetito!s-

Ta,le : Ta!i"" "a*ed , So#th A"!i*a and its *ompetito!s in the UK

M#rket"6#re

T#ri$$" $#ced Tr#de Rei!e

So(t6 A$ric# @C @C T0'A

So(t6 A$ric#" !#inco!,etitor" in t#ret

!#rket

M#rket"6#re

T#ri$$" $#ced byco!,etitor"

Tr#de Rei!eT#ri$$ #d&#nt#e $or

So(t6 A$ric#ye" or no;

France

Netherlands

Belgium

4. Argentina B- =-2C /!e"e!ential ta!i""

a%a!ded #nde! the

Yes

Non9t#ri$$ !e#"(re"

The nonta!i"" meas#!es that So#th A"!i*an e$po!te!s %ill "a*e in the UK ma!.et *an ,e di&ided intomandato! and &ol#nta! meas#!es-

M#nd#tory !e#"(re":

Mandato! meas#!es a!e en"o!*ed , go&e!nment entities to ens#!e that s#n"lo%e! oil pla*ed on the UKma!.et is sa"e to *ons#me and does not *ontain *ontaminants at le&els %hi*h *o#ld th!eaten h#man

health- The !e?#i!ements o" these meas#!es m#st ,e met ,e"o!e s#n"lo%e! oil %ill ,e allo%ed into the UK-These meas#!es %ill ,e en"o!*ed in So#th A"!i*a+ the E#!opean Union and the UK itsel"- Fo! o! mo!ein"o!mation !ega!ding the !e?#i!ements o" these !eg#lato! entities+ please !e"e! to Anne$ 8-

So(t6 A$ric#n re(l#tion":

So#th A"!i*a s#n"lo%e! oil destined "o! e$po!ts m#st "i!st meet the !e?#i!ements o" the Ag!i*#lt#!al/!od#*ts Standa!ds A*t 775 o" 755@ the Foodst#""s+ 'osmeti*s and 0isin"e*tants Amendment A*t+ No- 35o" 2@@ and the 6ealth A*t o" 75- A ,!ie" des*!iption o" these !e?#i!ements %ill ,e dis*#ssed-




Fi!stl+ standa!ds !ega!ding "ood sa"et and "ood hgiene o" !eg#lated ag!i*#lt#!al "ood p!od#*ts o" planto!igin destined "o! e$po!t+ as stip#lated #nde! 04;#;ii; o$ t6e Aric(lt(r#l *rod(ct" St#nd#rd" Act //-o$ /--> sets o#t st!i*t *ont!ols o&e! "ood sa"et and hgiene+ p!od#*tion+ ha!&esting+ onsite pa*.agingand *old sto!age "o! p!od#*ts designed "o! e$po!t- The !e*o!ds to ,e .ept a!e &e! detailed+ "!om the*hemi*als #sed on the *!ops to !e*o!ds "o! ea*h "ield+ o!*ha!d o! g!eenho#se (Whos%ho Repo!ts+ 2@7@)-

The Food"t($$"< Co"!etic" #nd +i"in$ect#nt" A!end!ent Act< No% 4- o$ 2>>1 is designed to *ont!olthe sale+ man#"a*t#!e+ impo!tation and e$po!tation o" "oodst#""s+ *osmeti*s and disin"e*tants and top!o&ide "o! in*idental matte!s- The A*t se!&es to impose additional *he*.s and ,alan*es on the namedind#st!ies+ in*l#ding those en*ompassing "ats and oils+ ens#!ing !eg#la! inspe*tions o" all phases o" thep!od#*tion line and p!es*!i,ing penalties on t!ansg!esso!s-

Lastl+ the 5e#lt6 Act o$ /-11 !eg#lates the standa!ds and !e?#i!ements to %hi*h appa!at#s+ e?#ipment+sto!ing spa*es and %o!.ing s#!"a*es and pla*es emploed in *onne*tion %ith the handling o" "ood+ andthe *leansing o" the a"o!ementioned "a*ilities+ the manne! o" t!anspo!t o" &a!io#s "oodst#""s+ the holde!s in%hi*h "ood is sto!ed+ p!o*essed+ displaed o! t!anspo!ted and the *lothing %o!n , pe!sons handling "ood+shall *on"o!m-

E(ro,e#n re(l#tion":

Impo!ts o" "oodst#""s o" nonanimal o!igin into the E#!opean Union (EU) m#st *ompl %ith gene!al*onditions and spe*i"i* p!o&isions designed to p!e&ent !is. to p#,li* health and p!ote*t *ons#me!sinte!ests- 6en*e+ the gene!al !#les appli*a,le to these p!od#*ts a!e as "ollo%s-

Co(ncil Re(l#tion EEC; No 4/7D-4 o$ ) Febr(#ry /--4+ "ood *ontaining a *ontaminant to an amo#nt#na**epta,le "!om the p#,li* health &ie%point and in pa!ti*#la! at a to$i*ologi*al le&el+ shall not ,e pla*edon the EU ma!.et and %ill ,e !ee*ted

Co!!i""ion Re(l#tion EC; No /))/D2>>8 o$ /- +ece!ber 2>>8 setting ma$im#m le&els "o! *e!tain*ontaminants in "oodst#""s sets ma$im#m le&els "o! *e!tain *ontaminants in "ood to ,e pla*ed on the EUma!.et- Lo% le&els o" dio$ins+ dio$inli.e pol*hlo!inated ,iphenls+ and <en;op!ene a!e impo!tant "o! s#n"lo%e! oil-

<asi* "ood la% !e?#i!ements appling to all "ood impo!ted into the EU "all #nde! Re(l#tion EC; No/1)D2>>2 o" the E#!opean /a!liament and o" the 'o#n*il< %hi*h among othe! topi*s *o&e!s *omplian*e o! e?#i&alen*e+ t!a*ea,ilit and the !esponsi,ilities o" "ood impo!te!s

The !ele&ant hgiene !#les o" "ood %hi*h need to ,e !espe*ted , "ood ,#siness ope!ato!s in thi!d*o#nt!ies a!e *ontained in Re(l#tion EC; No% )72D2>>0 o" the E#!opean /a!liament and o" the 'o#n*il+%hi*h in*l#des the gene!al o,ligations on the ope!ato! to monito! the "ood sa"et o" p!od#*ts and thep!o*esses #nde! his !esponsi,ilit

Re(l#tion EC; No /-47D2>>0 o" the E#!opean /a!liament and o" the 'o#n*il esta,lishes a list o" g!o#pso" mate!ials and a!ti*les (s#*h #s plasti*s+ *e!ami*s+ !#,,e!s+ pape!+ glass+ et*-) %hi*h ma ,e *o&e!ed ,spe*i"i* meas#!es that in*l#de a list o" the a#tho!ised s#,stan*es+ spe*ial *onditions o" #se+ p#!itstanda!ds+ et*- Spe*i"i* meas#!es e$ist "o! *e!ami*s+ !egene!ated *ell#lose and plasti*s-

United Kindo! re(l#tion":




The Food Standa!ds Agen* (FSA) is an independent go&e!nment depa!tment set #p , an A*t o" /a!liament in 2@@@ to p!ote*t the p#,li*s health and *ons#me! inte!ests in !elation to "ood- Spe*i"i*!e?#i!ements %hen e$po!ting s#n"lo%e! oil into the UK *an ,e !e?#ested "!om the FSA-

So#th A"!i*an e$po!te!s ma not need a health o! hgiene li*en*e to impo!t "ood+ ,#t man "oods "!om*o#nt!ies o#tside the EU !e?#i!e li*en*es "o! t!ading p#!poses and ma ,e s#,e*t to ?#otas- F#!the!

in"o!mation in this !ega!d *an ,e *olle*ted "!om the UK R#!al /aments Agen*-

Some oils ma *ontain "ood *olo#!ings+ "la&o#!ings o! s%eetene!s- Altho#gh these ma ,e app!o&ed ,the "ood a#tho!it in the *o#nt! o" o!igin+ some o" them ma not ,e app!o&ed in the EU- Fo! in"o!mationon "ood "la&o#!ings+ s%eetene!s+ *olo#!ings and p!ese!&ati&es+ please *onta*t the FSA Food Additi&esteam-

In"o!mation on pesti*ides sa"et le&els "o! s#n"lo%e! oil impo!ts *an ,e *olle*ted "!om the 6ealth andSa"et E$e*#ti&e9s (6SE) 'hemi*als Reg#lation 0i!e*to!ate ('R0)-

A g#idan*e note on the Cont#!in#nt" in Food Enl#nd; Re(l#tion" 2>>-+ %hi*h ma.e p!o&ision "o! ena*tment and en"o!*ement o" 'ommission Reg#lations setting !eg#lato! limits "o! *ontaminants in "ood(nit!ate+ m*oto$ins+ metals+ 3M'/0 dio$ins and /A6s)+ *an ,e !e?#ested "!om the FSA-

Food impo!ted into the UK also has to meet the !e?#i!ements o" the Ar"enic in Food Re(l#tion" /-7--Mo!e in"o!mation !ega!ding these !e?#i!ements *an ,e *olle*ted "!om the FSA-

@ol(nt#ry !e#"(re":

So#th A"!i*an e$po!te!s %ill need to *onside! &ol#nta! meas#!es %hen s#ppling to UK !etaile!s- Unli.emandato! meas#!es+ s#n"lo%e! oil o!iginating "!om So#th A"!i*a does not ha&e to *ompl %ith p!i&atestanda!ds to ente! the UK- 6o%e&e!+ sin*e s#n"lo%e! oil is t!aditionall ,o#ght in s#pe!ma!.ets as *oo.ingoil+ e$po!te!s %ill need to *ompl %ith p!i&ate standa!ds ,e"o!e gaining a**ess to UK *ons#me!s-

E$po!te!s ha&e to meet the standa!ds o" the *hosen !etaile! and+ in some *ases+ the standa!ds set , thi!dpa!ties s#*h as those o" the <!itish Retail 'onso!ti#m (<R')- To ill#st!ate these standa!ds+ the!e?#i!ements and *onta*t details o" the t%o la!gest !etaile!s in the UK (AS0A and TES'O) a!e sho%n in

Anne$ 8-

F% *#ck#in #nd L#bellin Re(l#tion"

*#ck#in #nd l#bellin re(l#tion":

S#n"lo%e!seed oil is no!mall impo!ted in ,#l. into the UK+ ,#t %e a!e going to e$po!t di!e*tl in plasti**ontaine!s that *an di!e*tl ,e sold to the end *ons#me!- The !eason "o! this is ,e*a#se %e a!e going to*#t o#t the middle man and is going to dist!i,#te di!e*tl &ia the mao! !etaile!s+ e-g- AS0A UK (WallMa!t inthe US-

The!moplasti* ,ottles o" t%o si;es+ %ith a net %eight o" 8@ ml and a net %eight o" 2 l a!e going to ,e#sed- The !eason %h %e !athe! #se plasti* than glass+ is ,e*a#se the shipping *ost "o! plasti* is lessthan glass and the!e is less ,!ea.age-

Ta,le : /a*.aging and la,elling !eg#lations in the EU and the UK

Le&el Field Re(l#tionD So(rce o$ in$or!#tion

EU La,elling "o! "oodst#""s • 'o#n*il 0i!e*ti&e 2@@@73E'




• E#!opean 'ommission+ e*-e#!opa-e#"ood

UK La,elling !e?#i!ements "o! "ood • Food Standa!ds Agen*+ %%%-"ood-go&-#.

Food *onta*t mate!ials • Food Standa!ds Agen*+ %%%-"ood-go&-#.

As %e plan to dist!i,#te &ia AS0A UK (WalPMa!t in the UK)+ thei! la,elling and pa*.aging !e?#i!ements a!e

dis*#ssed

(Fedoil+ 2@77+ AS0A+ 2@77):

/a*.aging &ol#me and %eight m#st ,e the minim#m amo#nt to maintain the ne*essa! le&els o" sa"et+hgiene and a**eptan*e "o! the pa*.ed p!od#*t and "o! the *ons#me!- /a*.aging m#st ,e man#"a*t#!edso as to pe!mit !e#se o! !e*o&e! in a**o!dan*e %ith spe*i"i* !e?#i!ements+ and no$io#s o! ha;a!do#ss#,stan*es in pa*.aging m#st ,e minimised in emissions+ ash o! land"ill

T!ansit *ase pa*.ing !e?#i!ements o" AS0A: 'ases *ontaining mo!e than one p!od#*t is p!ohi,ited- Thes#pplie! m#st ens#!e the *o!!#gated *ase is optimall si;ed to s#it the *ontents- Inte!nal di&ide!s sho#ld,e #tilised on "!agile p!od#*ts %hi*h a!e deemed li.el to s#stain damage d#!ing dist!i,#tion- It is essentialthat the t!ansit pa*.aging p!ote*ts against damage Q Adhesi&e tape o! gl#e a!e the onl methods to ,e#sed "o! se*#!ing *ase "laps- Fo! *omplian*e iss#es to the a,o&e an AS0A ,#e! *an ,e *onta*ted- Thead&antage o" #sing the AS0A p!i&ate ma!. is that all EU !eg#lations a!e met+ and i" the!e is late! de*ided

to dist!i,#te to othe! *o#nt!ies+ the same la,el *an ,e #sed to *ompl to the WalPMa!t !e?#i!ements-

In SA the !eg#lations o" edi,le "ats and oil p!od#*ts "all #nde! 1N R74= o" 7 Ma!*h 2@7@ that ,!o#ght thene% Food La,elling !eg#lations into e""e*t in t%o stages as "!om 7 #ne 2@7@ and 7 Ma!*h 2@72- In SA itis not ne*essa! to p#t the g!oss %eight on the la,el and at least one o" the o""i*ial lang#ages m#st ,e#sed on the la,el+ %hile in the UK English m#st ,e #sed on the la,el-

Food *onta*t mate!ials and a!ti*les+ in*l#ding those #sed "o! "ood pa*.aging+ a!e *ont!olled , a*omp!ehensi&e EU ha!monised legislation that has ,een "#ll implemented in the UK- This legislation ispa!ti*#la!l tho!o#gh in its *ont!ol o" plasti* mate!ials and a!ti*les intended "o! "ood #se- Fo! in"o!mation onthe sa"et o" pa*.aging in the UK please *onta*t the FSA- Fo! gene!al in"o!mation on la,elling!e?#i!ements "o! "ood+ please *onta*t the UK 0epa!tment "o! En&i!onment+ Food and R#!al A""ai!s(0EFRA)-




3% *rice"

It is impo!tant to state again as p!e&io#sl stated that the le&els o" s#n"lo%e! seed p!od#*tion and p!i*esa!e inte!!elated to+ and dete!minant o"+ s#n"lo%e! oil p!od#*tion le&els and p!i*es-

A**o!ding to the '<I (2@@5)+ in gen!al te!ms+ a n#m,e! o" "a*to!s in"l#en*e the p!i*e o" &egeta,le oils+

s#*h as *limati* *onditions+ demand "o! ,io"#els+ in*!eased demand d#e to in*ome g!o%th and pop#lationg!o%th and health *on*e!ns d!i&ing the s#,stit#tion o" animal "ats "o! &egeta,le oils and "ats

In mo!e spe*i"i* and *#!!ent te!ms+ The Food O#tloo. , the FAO in No&em,e! 2@7@ identi"ied "o#! .e#n.no%ns that %ill impa*t %o!ld oilseed p!i*es in the nea! "#t#!e and %hi*h might *a#se %o!ld oilseedp!i*es to in*!ease ,eond thei! p!esent le&el- These "o#! .e #n.no%ns a!e the "ollo%ing:

I- the impa*t o" the *#!!entl de&eloping La Nia %eathe! patte!n on the ne$t So#th Ame!i*an so*!op and on So#theast Asia9s palm oil p!od#*tion

II- ne$t ea!9s allo*ation o" land among so+ mai;e and %heat+ p!ima!il in the United States+ as allth!ee *ommodities appea! to ,e at !is. o" additional tightness in 2@772@72

III- the patte!n o" ene!g p!i*es+ %hi*h %ill in"l#en*e &egeta,le oil demand , ,iodiesel p!od#*e!sI>- the de&elopment o" the United States *#!!en* gi&en its in"l#en*e on glo,al t!ade patt!ens

The impa*t o" ene!g p!i*es on oilseed p!i*es is an old "ood &e!s#s "#el de,ate- As pet!ole#m p!i*esin*!eases the demand "o! a s#,stit#te p!od#*t s#*h as ,io"#el also in*!eases- As the demand "o! ,io"#elin*!eases the demand "o! ,io"#el "eedsto*.s in*!eases leading to highe! p!i*es "o! &egeta,le oils s#*h ass#n"lo%e! oil and palm oil %hi*h se!&es as a "edsto*. "o! ,io"#el-

Fig#!e 8 ,elo% sho%s the p!i*e o" s#n"lo%e! oil and the a&e!age p!i*e o" mine!al oil- As indi*ate , theg!aph &egeta,le oil p!i*es "ollo%s mine!al oil p!i*es &e! *losel-

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Sunower oil, Sunower Oil, US e!ort !ri"e from #ulf of $ei"o, US% !er metri" tonne

Oil& '(era)e of U*+* rent, -u.ai, and /est eas ntermediate

US$ per metric ton US$ per barrel

Fig#!e 8: S#n"lo%e! oil p!i*e and the a&e!age oil p!i*eSo#!*e: IMF+ 2@77

The p!i*e o" s#n"lo%e! *oo.ing oil in a UK s#pe!ma!.et a!e the "ollo%ing:Flo!a /#!e S#n"lo%e! Oil (7l) 7-B5Flo!a /#!e S#n"lo%e! Oil (2l) 2-55Tes*o <!and (7l) 7-85Tes*o <!and (3l) 3-42




So#th A"!i*an e$po!te!s a!e a,le to p!o&ide 2 lite! ,ottles o" s#n"lo%e! *oo.ing oil at a FO< p!i*e o" US2-@B pe! 2 lit!e ,ottle (Ali,a,a+ 2@77)-

I" an e$*hange !ate o" 7 US 7-=4B7 (4 Ma 2@77)+ then the FO< p!i*e o" one 2 lite! ,ottle o" oil %ill ,e7-2-

0ed#*ting the FO< p!i*e "!om the !etaile! p!i*e (2-55 7-2)+ lea&es a ma!gin o" 7-2 pe! 2 lit!e ,ottleto *o&e! shipment *ost+ *#stoms *lea!an*e+ agents *ommission (i" an)+ t!anspo!t *ost and !etaile! ma!gins-

The ,ottles *an ,e shipped as "ollo%s+ = $ 2l plasti* ,ottles "illed %ith !e"ined s#n"lo%e! oil in a *a!ton+728@ *a!tons pe! 7$2@F'L- The %eight %ill ,e [email protected] pe! *a!ton+ in total 73-B ton "o! all 728@ *a!tons-The &al#e o" the total shipment %ill ,e 5828-




5% *l#ce!ent: +i"trib(tion C6#nnel"

*otenti#l #re#" o$ di"trib(tion:

The la!gest *ities in the UK a!e London+ <i!mingham and 1lasgo%- ointl these *ities hold *lose to B-million !esidents- London is the UK9s la!gest *it+ and the!e"o!e !ep!esents the la!gest potential ma!.et-

The po!ts o" London+ <!istol and 1!eeno*. a!e sit#ated *lose to the potential ma!.ets-

City Re"ident"< 2>>/ Ne#re"t *ort

London+ England -7 million London

<i!mingham+ England @-5 million <!istol

1lasgo%+ S*otland @-=2 million 1!eeno*.

S(n$lower oil di"trib(tion c6#nnel":

So#th A"!i*an s#n"lo%e! oil e$po!te!s *an *hoose ,et%een o" t%o potential dist!i,#tion *hannels- Thesho!test !o#te to the *ons#me! %ill entail that the e$po!te! deli&e! di!e*tl to the *hosen !etaile!-

Alte!nati&el+ the e$po!te!s *an #se the e$pe!tise o" an impo!t agent to deli&e! the s#n"lo%e! oil to the!etaile!s- Tes*o+ AS0A+ Sain,#!9s and Mo!!isons a!e the la!gest !etaile!s in the UK+ ointl !ep!esenting8-BC o" the UK !etail ma!.et (TNS 1lo,al+ 2@@5)- S#n"lo%e! oil *an ,e t!anspo!ted #sing an means o" t!anspo!tation sin*e it is a nonpe!isha,le p!od#*t

Fig#!e : 0ist!i,#tion *hannels a&aila,le to So#th A"!i*an s#n"lo%e! oil e$po!te!s




I% *ro!otion

The "ollo%ing e&ents ta.e pla*e in the UK "o! p!omoting S#n"lo%e! Oil:

• Food and 0!in. E$po 2@72

282B Ma!*h

<i!mingham

UK

• The Retail London Sho% 2@72+

<#siness 0esign 'ent!e

London

• 6AWKS6EA0 RELIS6 'OM/ANY

The S?#a!e

'A22 @N 6a%.shead+ '#m,!ia+ United Kingdom

Tel: @78354 3==74 Fa$: @78354 3==74/!od#*ts p!omoted: Relishes+ /i*.les+ 'h#tnes+ M#sta!d+ Oils+ Fla&o#!ed Salts+ Sa#*es

• 6OO 6IN1 'OMMER'IAL 'ENTRE

F!esh%ate! Road

Rom"o!d+ Esse$+ United Kingdom

Tel: J442@ B84B 3=3=

/!od#*ts p!omoted:

S#ga!+ Salt+ Flo#!+ Sta!*hes+ Ri*e+ Ri*e /!od#*ts+ 'anned F!#its+ >egeta,les /!ese!&es+ M#sh!oom

/!ese!&es+ Seasonings+ Sa#*es+ Meat E$t!a*ts+ So#p Sto*.s+ >inega!+ Ket*h#p+ Tomato /#!ee+ Soa

Sa#*e+ 0!ied F!#its+ 0!ied >egeta,les+ >egeta,le Oil+ Soa /!od#*ts+ S#ga! 'on"e*tione!

http://www.thefoodworld.com/company/hawkshead-relish-company


http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Relishes/1641/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Pickles/90/


http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Chutneys/2951/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Mustard/6/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Oils/160/


http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Flavoured_Salts/6746/


http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Sauces/96/


http://www.thefoodworld.com/company/hoo-hing-commercial-centre


http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Sugar/41/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Salt/11/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Flour/74/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Starches/1168/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Rice/161/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Rice_Products/572/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Canned_Fruits/1/


http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Vegetables_Preserves/3/


http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Mushroom_Preserves/3238/


http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Seasonings/225/



http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Meat_Extracts/3239/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Soup_Stocks/2956/


http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Vinegar/307/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Ketchup/8/


http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Tomato_Puree/9/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Soya_Sauce/2676/


http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Dried_Fruits/50/


http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Dried_Vegetables/47/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Vegetable_Oil/728/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Soya_Products/1586/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Sugar_Confectionery/3163/



http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Relishes/1641/


http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Chutneys/2951/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Mustard/6/





http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Sugar/41/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Salt/11/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Flour/74/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Starches/1168/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Rice/161/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Rice_Products/572/





http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Seasonings/225/


http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Meat_Extracts/3239/


http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Vinegar/307/


http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Tomato_Puree/9/




http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Dried_Vegetables/47/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Vegetable_Oil/728/

http://www.thefoodworld.com/food-exporters-importers/Soya_Products/1586/





Anne' /: M#rket Attr#cti&ene"" T#ble

Impo!tingMa!.ets

Ran.ing ,

'o#nt!(Inde$)

Ma!.ettotal

impo!ts

"!om the%o!ld

Sha!e o" ma!.etin %o!ld

impo!ts

Impo!tg!o%th"!om

the%o!ld

/!e"e!en*ema!gin "o!

So#th A"!i*a&isV&is its

*ompetito!s inta!get ma!.et

0oes SAha&e an

ta!i""

ad&antageY o! No

Inde$ o" the

distan*e

SOUT6 AFRI'A Top7st *ompetito! on the

ma!.et:name(sha!e on

the ma!.etma!.et ta!i"" applied)

SOUT6 AFRI'A Top2nd *ompetito! on thema!.et:name(sha!e on


SOUT6 AFRI'A Top3!d *ompetito! on the

ma!.et:name(sha!e on


SOUT6 AFRI'A4th *ompetito! o

ma!.et:name(sh

the ma!.etma!.applied)

7- Romania(B4)

5 73 3-B 744-8 7-@4C Y 8@ 6#nga! (=-3C@C) <#lga!ia (72-7C@C) Moldo&a R- (7@-5C@C)United States (

B-7C)

2-U-K (5+) 27@ 7== 7@-7 3@-8 @-==C Y 3B F!an*e (84-7C@C)Nethe!lands(27-3C@C)

<elgi#m (5-2C@C) A!gentina ( B-C

3- <elgi#m(7)

745 74 -2 73-3 7-@C Y 4@Nethe!lands(8-=C@C)

F!an*e (74-8C@C) 1e!man (=-3C@C) A#st!ia (@-=C+

4-U;,e.istan

(=8)4B 78@ 2-3 B5-@ 77C Y 43 R#ssia (==-7C@C) U.!aine (23-2C@C) Ka;a.hstan (7@C@C) Moldo&a (@-=C

8-'anada(=7)

B2 @82 4-@ 22-8 7@C Y 7 U-S-A (52-5C@C) <oli&ia (8-7C7@-3C) A!gentina

(7-3C7@-3C)Me$i*o (@-2C+




Anne' 2: *otenti#l *ro",ect"

• /!o&ide a list o" potential sele*ted impo!te!st!ade!s in ta!get ma!.et- T! to identi" the mainimpo!ting *ompanies-




I!,ort #ent"

N#!e Add!ess/hone (%ith Inte!national 'ode)We,site:Email:


N#!e Add!ess/hone (%ith Inte!national 'ode)We,site:

Email:

Ret#iler"


N#!e Add!ess

/hone (%ith Inte!national 'ode)We,site:Email:

http:%%%-*ade$*o-,oa*t#al,oletininteligen*ia/!omisingC2@EUC2@e$po!tC2@ma!.etsC2@"o! C2@s#n"lo%e!C2@oil-pd"

>egeta,le oil (s#n"lo%e! and othe! seeds) is #sed "o! "!ing-(http:%%%-"din-o!g-#.2@7@@4hal"o"#.ho#seholds#seoli&eoil)

S,eci#lty "tore"


%%%etc

2)




2-



Anne' 4: Non9t#ri$$ Me#"(re"

M#nd#tory !e#"(re":

Le&el Field +e"cri,tion Re(l#tionDSo(rce" o$ in$or!#tion

So#th A"!i*a(WhosWhoRepo!t+ 2@7@)

Food sa"et and "oodhgiene

So#th A"!i*an s#n"lo%e! oil %illnot ,e allo%ed to ,e e$po!ted i"the p!od#*t *ontains anp!ohi,ited ing!edients o!*hemi*als+ is o" a poo! ?#alit o!poses a dange! "o! the*ons#me!-

• 4(3)(a)(ii) o" the Ag!i*#lt#!al/!od#*ts Standa!ds A*t 775 o"755@

• Foodst#""s+ 'osmeti*s and0isin"e*tants Amendment A*t+No- 35 o" 2@@

• 6ealth A*t o" 75

• 0epa!tment o" 6ealth+%%%-doh-go&-;a

E#!opeanUnion(E$po!t6elpdes.+2@77)

'ont!ol o"*ontaminants in"oodst#""s

In o!de! to ens#!e a high le&el o"*ons#me! p!ote*tion+ impo!tsinto the E#!opean Union (EU) o""oodst#""s sho#ld *ompl %ithEU legislation designed toens#!e that "ood pla*ed on thema!.et is sa"e to eat and doesnot *ontain *ontaminants atle&els %hi*h *o#ld th!eatenh#man health- Lo% le&els o"dio$ins+ dio$inli.epol*hlo!inated ,iphenls+ and<en;op!ene a!e impo!tant "o!s#n"lo%e! oil-

• 'o#n*il Reg#lation (EE') No37853 o" B Fe,!#a! 7553

• 'ommission Reg#lation (E')

No 7BB72@@= o" 75 0e*em,e!2@@=

• Reg#lation (E') No 7B2@@2

• Reg#lation (E') No- B822@@4

• Reg#lation (E') No 75382@@4

• E#!opean 'ommission+e*-e#!opa-e#"ood

UnitedKingdom(FoodStanda!ds

Agen*+2@77)

Reg#lations !elatedto impo!t li*enses+"ood hgiene+pesti*ides+

*ontaminants

The Food Standa!ds Agen* %illp!o&ide in"o!mation !ega!dingthe spe*i"i* !e?#i!ements o"s#n"lo%e! oil impo!ts into the UK-

Food Standa!ds Agen*+%%%-"ood-go&-#.

R#!al /aments Agen* +

%%%-!pa-go&-#.

6ealth and Sa"et E$e*#ti&e9s (6SE)'hemi*als Reg#lation 0i!e*to!ate('R0)+ %%%-pesti*ides-go&-#.

@ol(nt#ry !e#"(re":

Ret#iler St#nd#rd" So(rce" o$ in$or!#tion:

TES'O S#ppling to TES'O http:s#pplie!man#al-tes*ois-*om

<R' 1lo,al Standa!d "o! Food Sa"et'e!ti"i*ation

http:%%%-,!*glo,alstanda!ds-*om

AS0A S#ppling to AS0A http:%%%-asdas#pplie!-*om

<!itish Retail 'onso!ti#m 'e!ti"i*ation http:%%%-,!*glo,alstanda!ds-*om



Anne' 0: Li"t o$ So(rce"

<!ie"ing Room: S#n"lo%e! SeedX+ USA+ United States 0epa!tment o" Ag!i*#lt#!e: E*onomi* Resea!*hSe!&i*e+ 2@77+ http:%%%-e!s-#sda-go&<!ie"ingSo,eansOil*!opss#n"lo%e!-htmZ

T!ademap and Ma*MapX- S%it;e!land+ Inte!national T!ade 'ent!e+ 2@77+ %%%-t!ademap-o!g>

and%%%-ma*map-o!gZ

The Wo!ld Fa*t,oo.X+ USA+ 'ent!al Intelligen*e Agen* o" the United States+ 2@77+https:%%%-*ia-go&li,!a!p#,li*ationsthe%o!ld"a*t,oo.geos#.-htmlZ

[<!itain se*ond in %o!ld !esea!*h !an.ings[+ United Kingdom+ 0onald Ma*Leod+ 27 Ma!*h 2@@=+ TheGuardian (London)-

E#!omonito!: /a*.aged Food G United KingdomX+ E#!omonito! inte!national+ 0e*em,e! 2@7@-

'ode o" /!a*ti*e "o! the t!anspo!t in ,#l. o" oils into o! %ithin the E#!opean Union + United Kingdom+Standa!ds Agen* G 7 Ma!*h 2@77

AS0A S#pplie! Re?#i!ements T!ansit /a*.aging+ La,elling and 0o*#mentation UK S#pplie!s Onl Fi"thEditionX+ United Kingdom+ Food Standa!ds Agen*+ O*to,e! 2@@=

Tes*o sha!e t#!na!o#nd (pl#s an #pdate on g!o*e! p!i*e in"lation)X+ United Kingdom+ TNS 1lo,al+ 7@No&em,e! 2@@5+ http:%%%-tnsglo,al-*omne%sne%s8=F85EBA55'B42B5B5E5<E==7B0852-asp$Z

Oilseeds: Wo!ld Ma!.ets and T!adeX+ United States 0epa!tment o" Ag!i*#lt#!e+ Washington+ an#a! 2@77

Addition#l in$or!#tion:

C.I:FROM SUR@EY TO SUCCESS: 3UI+ELINES FOR

E*ORTIN3 @E3ETA.LE OILS AN+ FATS TO T5E EU6tt,:DDwww%cbi%e(D!#rketin$oDcbiDdoc"De(ro,e#nb(yerreB(ire!ent"&eet#bleoil"#nd$#t"

SOURCIN3 FROM EMER3IN3 MARKETS'<Is *ompan data,aseO#! e$po!te!s data,ase *ontains h#nde!ds o" e$*ell ent s#pplie!s "!om de&eloping *o#nt!ies- The %e!eall a#dited and tho!o#ghl p!epa!ed , '<I "o! doing ,#siness in E#!ope-

E#!opean ma!.ets'he*. o#! ma!.et pages "o! ne%s+ !ele&ant hpe!lin.s+ '<Is a*ti&it ies and mo !e- We maintain pages onmo!e than 3@ ma!.ets in E#!ope-

Cont#ct (" I " o# *annot " ind the s#pplie! o# a! e loo.ing "o! o! i" o# ha&e a spe*i" i* ?#estion+ ple ase "eel "!ee to*onta*t #s:

/hone: J37 (@) 7@ 2@7 3427Fa$: J37 (@) 7@ 477 4@B7Email: ma!.etin"o*,i-e#

http://www.guardian.co.uk/education/2006/mar/21/highereducation.uk4

http://www.cbi.eu/?pag=4




http://www.guardian.co.uk/education/2006/mar/21/highereducation.uk4







Documents

Sunflower Oil Market Analysis_04052011.docx