Summer Project on Kotak Securities

7/23/2019 Summer Project on Kotak Securities

1/55

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2/55

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3/55


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4/55

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5/55


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6/55


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7/55


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8/55


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9/55


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10/55

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11/55

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12/55


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CD^WLNV@^CLD LB JL^KJ MKECDNWK AWLVY

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13/55


~ef cdnvp~ws$êf rkwclvp awlvy `lmykdcfp cdòvnf8

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Ecp~lws lb Jl~kj Mkecdnwk Awlvy

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14/55

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15/55


CD^WLNV@^CLD LB JL^KJ PF@VWC^CFP O^N$

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16/55


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17/55


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18/55


Jl~kj Mkecdnwk Kppf~ Mkdkafmfd~ @lmykds Ocmc~fn %JMKM@

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19/55


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20/55


KQKWNP KDN WF@LADC^CLD LB JL^KJ PF@VWC^CFP O~n$

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21/55

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22/55


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23/55


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êf Fuèkdaf ywlrcnfp kd fbbc`cfd~ kdn ~wkdpykwfd~ mkwjf~ blw ~wkncda cd f{vc~s/ nfg~cdp~wvmfd~p kdn nfwcrk~crfp$ êf GPF!p Ld Ocdf ^wkncda Psp~fm %GLO^# cp k ywlywcf~kwspsp~fm lb ~ef Fuèkdaf kdn cp GP 1133-7-7997 `fw~cbcfn$ êf pvwrfcookd`f kdn òfkwcda "pf~~ofmfd~ bvd`~cldp lb ~ef Fuèkdaf kwf CPL 399;87999 `fw~cbcfn$

DK^CLDKO P^L@J FU@EKDAF

êf Dk~cldko P~l`j Fuèkdaf %DPF# cp Cdnck!p ofkncda p~l`j fuèkdaf `lrfwcda rkwclvp`c~cfp kdn ~lqdp k`wlpp ~ef `lvd~ws$ DPF qkp pf~ vy gs ofkncda cdp~c~v~cldp ~l ywlrcnf k

mlnfwd/ bvoos kv~lmk~fn p`wffd-gkpfn ~wkncda psp~fm qc~e dk~cldko wfkè$ êf Fuèkdaf ekpgwlvae~ kglv~ vdykwkoofofn ~wkdpykwfd`s/ pyffn " fbbc`cfd`s/ pkbf~s kdn mkwjf~ cd~fawc~s$ C~ekp pf~ vy bk`coc~cfp ~ek~ pfwrf kp k mlnfo blw ~ef pf`vwc~cfp cdnvp~ws cd ~fwmp lb psp~fmp/

ywk`~c`fp kdn ywl`fnvwfp$

DPF ekp yoksfn k `k~kos~c` wlof cd wfblwmcda ~ef Cdnckd pf`vwc~cfp mkwjf~ cd ~fwmp lbmc`wlp~wv`~vwf/ mkwjf~ ywk`~c`fp kdn ~wkncda rlovmfp$ êf mkwjf~ ~lnks vpfp p~k~f-lb-kw~


24/55

Cdncwk Pèllo lb @kwffw Nfrfolymfd~/ Yvdf Ykaf 7>

cdblwmk~cld ~fèdlolas ~l ywlrcnf kd fbbc`cfd~ kdn ~wkdpykwfd~ ~wkncda/ òfkwcda kdnpf~~ofmfd~ mfèkdcpm/ kdn ekp qc~dfppfn pfrfwko cddlrk~cldp cd ywlnv`~p " pfwrc`fp rcx$nfmv~vkocpk~cld lb p~l`j fuèkdaf alrfwdkd`f/ p`wffd gkpfn ~wkncda/ `lmywfppcld lbpf~~ofmfd~ `sòfp/ nfmk~fwckocpk~cld kdn fof`~wldc` ~wkdpbfw lb pf`vwc~cfp/ pf`vwc~cfp ofdncdakdn glwwlqcda/ ywlbfppcldkocpk~cld lb ~wkncda mfmgfwp/ bcdf-~vdfn wcpj mkdkafmfd~psp~fmp/ fmfwafd`f lb òfkwcda `lwylwk~cldp ~l kppvmf `lvd~fwykw~s wcpjp/ mkwjf~ lb nfg~kdn nfwcrk~crf cdp~wvmfd~p kdn cd~fdpcrf vpf lb cdblwmk~cld ~fèdlolas$

@kyc~ko Mkwjf~

êf `kyc~ko mkwjf~ %pf`vwc~cfp mkwjf~p# cp ~ef mkwjf~ blwpf`vwc~cfp/ qefwf `lmykdcfp kdn ~efalrfwdmfd~ `kd wkcpf olda-~fwm bvdnp$ êf `kyc~ko mkwjf~ cdòvnfp ~ef p~l`j mkwjf~ kdn ~ef

gldn mkwjf~$ Bcdkd`cko wfavok~lwp/ pvè kp ~ef V$P$ Pf`vwc~cfp kdn Fuèkdaf @lmmcppcld

lrfwpff ~ef `kyc~ko mkwjf~p cd ~efcw wfpyf`~crf `lvd~wcfp ~l fdpvwf ~ek~ cdrfp~lwp kwf ywl~f`~fnkakcdp~ bwkvn$ êf `kyc~ko mkwjf~p `ldpcp~ lb ~ef ywcmkws mkwjf~/ qefwf dfq cppvfp kwfncp~wcgv~fn ~l cdrfp~lwp/ kdn ~ef pf`ldnkws mkwjf~/ qefwf fucp~cda pf`vwc~cfp kwf ~wknfn$

êf ywcmkws cp ~ek~ ykw~ lb ~ef `kyc~ko mkwjf~p ~ek~ nfkop qc~e ~ef cppvkd`f lb dfq pf`vwc~cfp@lmykdcfp/ alrfwdmfd~p lw yvgoc` pf`~lw cdp~c~v~cldp `kd lg~kcd bvdncda ~ewlvae ~ef pkof lbk dfq p~l`j lw gldn cppvf$ êcp cp ~syc`koos nldf ~ewlvae k psdnc`k~f lb pf`vwc~cfp nfkofwp$êf ywl`fpp lb pfoocda dfq cppvfp ~l cdrfp~lwp cp `koofn vdnfwqwc~cda$ Cd ~ef `kpf lb k dfqp~l`j cppvf/ ~ecp pkof cp kd cdc~cko yvgoc` lbbfwcda %CYL#$ Nfkofwp fkwd k `lmmcppcld ~ek~ cp

gvco~ cd~l ~ef ywc`f lb ~ef pf`vwc~s lbbfwcda/ ~elvae c~ `kd gf blvdn cd ~ef ywlpyf`~vp$ Bfk~vwfp

lb Ywcmkws Mkwjf~ kwf8-

;$ êcp cp ~ef mkwjf~ blw dfq olda ~fwm `kyc~ko$ êf ywcmkws mkwjf~ cp ~ef mkwjf~ qefwf ~efpf`vwc~cfp kwf plon blw ~ef bcwp~ ~cmf$ êfwfblwf c~ cp kopl `koofn Dfq Cppvf Mkwjf~ %DCM#$

7$ Cd k ywcmkws cppvf/ ~ef pf`vwc~cfp kwf cppvfn gs ~ef `lmykds ncwf`~os ~l cdrfp~lwp$

0$ êf `lmykds wf`fcrfp ~ef mldfs kdn cppvf dfq pf`vwc~s `fw~cbc`k~fp ~l ~ef cdrfp~lwp$

>$ Ywcmkws cppvfp kwf vpfn gs `lmykdcfp blw ~ef yvwylpf lb pf~~cda vy dfq gvpcdfpp lw blwfuykdncda lw mlnfwdcxcda ~ef fucp~cda gvpcdfpp$

6$ êf ywcmkws mkwjf~ yfwblwmp ~ef `wv`cko bvd`~cld lb bk`coc~k~cda `kyc~ko blwmk~cld cd ~eff`ldlms$
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_%28finance%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_markethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_markethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Securities_and_Exchange_Commissionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_markethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_markethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_markethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_%28finance%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwritinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initial_public_offeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prospectushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prospectushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initial_public_offeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwritinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_%28finance%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_markethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_markethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_markethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Securities_and_Exchange_Commissionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_markethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_markethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_%28finance%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market


25/55


2$ êf dfq cppvf mkwjf~ nlfp dl~ cdòvnf `fw~kcd l~efw plvw`fp lb dfq olda ~fwm fu~fwdkobcdkd`f/ pvè kp olkdp bwlm bcdkd`cko cdp~c~v~cldp$ Glwwlqfwp cd ~ef dfq cppvf mkwjf~ mks gfwkcpcda `kyc~ko blw `ldrfw~cda ywcrk~f `kyc~ko cd~l yvgoc` `kyc~ko: ~ecp cp jdlqd kp alcda

yvgoc`$

Mf~elnp lb cppvcda pf`vwc~cfp cd ~ef Ywcmkws Mkwjf~

;$ Cdc~cko Yvgoc` Lbbfw:

7$ Wcae~p Cppvf %Blw fucp~cda @lmykdcfp#: kdn

0$ Ywfbfwfd~cko Cppvf$

êf pf`ldnkws mkwjf~ cp ~ef bcdkd`cko mkwjf~ blw ~wkncda lbpf`vwc~cfp ~ek~ ekrf kowfkns gffdcppvfn cd kd cdc~cko ywcrk~f lw yvgoc` lbbfwcda$ Ko~fwdk~crfos/ pf`ldnkws mkwjf~ `kd wfbfw ~l ~ef

mkwjf~ blw kds jcdn lb vpfn allnp$ êf mkwjf~ ~ek~ fucp~p cd k dfq pf`vwc~s hvp~ kb~fw ~ef

dfq cppvf/ cp lb~fd wfbfwwfn ~l kp ~ef kb~fwmkwjf~$ Ld`f k dfqos cppvfn p~l`jcp ocp~fn ld k

p~l`j fuèkdaf/ cdrfp~lwp kdn pyf`vok~lwp `kd fkpcos ~wknf ld ~ef fuèkdaf/ kp mkwjf~

mkjfwp ywlrcnf gcnp kdn lbbfwp cd ~ef dfq p~l`j$

Cd ~ef pf`ldnkws mkwjf~/ pf`vwc~cfp kwf plon gs kdn ~wkdpbfwwfn bwlm ldf cdrfp~lw lw

pyf`vok~lw~l kdl~efw$ C~ cp ~efwfblwf cmylw~kd~ ~ek~ ~ef pf`ldnkws mkwjf~ gf ecaeos oc{vcn kdn~wkdpykwfd~$ Gfblwf fof`~wldc` mfkdp lb `lmmvdc`k~cldp/ ~ef ldos qks ~l `wfk~f ~ecp oc{vcnc~s

qkp blw cdrfp~lwp kdn pyf`vok~lwp ~l mff~ k~ k bcufn yok`f wfavokwos$ êcp cp elq p~l`j

fuèkdafp lwcacdk~fn/ pff Ecp~lws lb ~ef P~l`j Fuèkdaf$

Pf`ldnkws mkwjf~cda cp rc~ko ~l kd fbbc`cfd~ kdn mlnfwd `kyc~ko mkwjf~$ Bvdnkmfd~koos

pf`ldnkws mkwjf~p mfpe ~ef cdrfp~lw!p ywfbfwfd`f blw oc{vcnc~s %c$f$/ ~ef cdrfp~lw!p nfpcwf dl~

~l ~cf vy ecp lw efw mldfs blw k olda yfwcln lb ~cmf/ cd `kpf ~ef cdrfp~lw dffnp c~ ~l nfko qc~e

vdblwfpffd `cw`vmp~kd`fp# qc~e ~ef `kyc~ko vpfw!p ywfbfwfd`f ~l gf kgof ~l vpf ~ef `kyc~ko blw

kd fu~fdnfn yfwcln lb ~cmf$ Blw fukmyof/ k ~wknc~cldko olkd koolqp ~ef glwwlqfw ~l yks gk`j

~ef olkd/ qc~e cd~fwfp~/ lrfw k `fw~kcd yfwcln$ Blw ~ef ofda~e lb ~ek~ yfwcln lb ~cmf/ ~ef gvoj lb

~ef ofdnfw!p cdrfp~mfd~ cp cdk``fppcgof ~l ~ef ofdnfw/ frfd cd `kpfp lb fmfwafd`cfp$ Ocjfqcpf/

cd kd fmfwafd`s/ k ykw~dfw cd k ~wknc~cldko ykw~dfwpecy cp ldos kgof ~l k``fpp ecp lw efw

lwcacdko cdrfp~mfd~ cb ef lw pef bcdnp kdl~efw cdrfp~lw qcoocda ~l gvs lv~ ecp lw efw cd~fwfp~ cd
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_marketshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_%28finance%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_exchangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speculationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_makerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_makerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speculationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquidityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_exchangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_exchangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_exchange#History_of_the_Stock_Exchangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partnerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partnershiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partnershiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partnerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_exchange#History_of_the_Stock_Exchangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_exchangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_exchangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquidityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speculationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_makerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_makerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speculationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_exchangehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_%28finance%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_markets


26/55


~ef ykw~dfwpecy$ Qc~e k pf`vwc~cxfn olkd lwf{vc~s cd~fwfp~ %pvè kp gldnp# lw ~wknkgof p~l`jp

~ef cdrfp~lw `kd pfoo/ wfok~crfos fkpcos/ ecp lw efw cd~fwfp~ cd ~ef cdrfp~mfd~/ ykw~c`vokwos cb ~ef

olkd lw lqdfwpecy f{vc~s ekp gffd gwljfd cd~l wfok~crfos pmkoo ykw~p$ êcp pfoocda kdn gvscda

lb pmkoo ykw~p lb k okwafw olkd lw lqdfwpecy cd~fwfp~ cd k rfd~vwf cp `koofn pf`ldnkws mkwjf~

~wkncda$

Vdnfw ~wknc~cldko ofdncda kdn ykw~dfwpecy kwwkdafmfd~p/ cdrfp~lwp mks gf ofpp ocjfos ~l yv~

~efcw mldfs cd~l olda-~fwm cdrfp~mfd~p/ kdn mlwf ocjfos ~l èkwaf k ecaefwcd~fwfp~ wk~f %lw

nfmkdn k awfk~fw pekwf lb ~ef ywlbc~p# cb ~efs nl$ Qc~e pf`ldnkws mkwjf~p/ elqfrfw

cdrfp~lwp jdlq ~ek~ ~efs `kd wf`lvy plmf lb ~efcw cdrfp~mfd~ {vc`jos/ cb ~efcw lqd

`cw`vmp~kd`fp ekdaf$

Cd bcdkd`cko mkwjf~p/ p~l`j cp ~ef `kyc~ko wkcpfn gs k `lwylwk~cld lwhlcd~-p~l`j `lmykds~ewlvae ~ef cppvkd`f kdn ncp~wcgv~cld lbpekwfp$ K yfwpld lw lwakdcxk~cld qecè elonp k~ ofkp~

k ykw~cko pekwf lb p~l`jp cp `koofn k pekwfelonfw$ êf kaawfak~f rkovf lb k `lwylwk~cld!p cppvfn

pekwfp cp c~p mkwjf~ kyc~kocxk~cld$

Cd ~ef Vdc~fn Jcdanlm/ Plv~e Kbwc`k kdn Kvp~wkock/ ~ef ~fwm pekwf cp vpfn ~ef pkmf qks/ gv~

p~l`jp ~efwf wfbfw ~l fc~efw k `lmyof~fos ncbbfwfd~ bcdkd`cko cdp~wvmfd~/ ~ef gldn/ lw mlwf

qcnfos ~l koo jcdnp lbmkwjf~kgofpf`vwc~cfp$

Cd bcdkd`f k pekwf cp k vdc~ lb k``lvd~ blw rkwclvp bcdkd`cko cdp~wvmfd~p cdòvncda p~l`jpmv~vko bvdnp/ ocmc~fn ykw~dfwpecyp/ kdn WFC^!p$ Cd Gwc~cpe Fdaocpe/ ~ef vpkaf lb ~ef qlwnpekwf koldf ~l wfbfw plofos ~l p~l`jp cp pl `lmmld ~ek~ c~ komlp~ wfyok`fp ~ef qlwn p~l`jc~pfob$

K pekwf cp ldf lb k bcdc~f dvmgfw lb f{vko ylw~cldp cd ~ef `kyc~ko lb k `lmykds/ fd~c~ocda ~eflqdfw ~l k ywlylw~cld lb ncp~wcgv~fn/ dld-wfcdrfp~fn ywlbc~p jdlqd kp ncrcnfdnp kdn ~l k

ylw~cld lb ~ef rkovf lb ~ef `lmykds cd `kpf lb oc{vcnk~cld$ Pekwfp `kd gf rl~cda lw dld-

rl~cda/ mfkdcda ~efs fc~efw nl lw nl dl~ `kwws ~ef wcae~ ~l rl~f ld ~ef glkwn lb ncwf`~lwp kdn`lwylwk~f yloc`s$ Qef~efw ~ecp wcae~ fucp~p lb~fd kbbf`~p ~ef rkovf lb ~ef pekwf$ Rl~cda kdn

Dld-Rl~cda pekwfp kwf kopl jdlqd kp @okpp K kdn G pekwfp$

Kd cdc~cko yvgoc` lbbfwcda %CYL# cp ~ef bcwp~ pkof lb k `lwylwk~cld!p `lmmldpekwfp ~l cdrfp~lwpld k yvgoc` p~l`j fuèkdaf$ êf mkcd yvwylpf lb kd CYL cp ~l wkcpf `kyc~ko blw ~ef`lwylwk~cld$ Qecof CYLp kwf fbbf`~crf k~ wkcpcda `kyc~ko/ gfcda ocp~fn ld k p~l`j fuèkdaf
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Securitizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ownership_equityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_%28finance%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interest_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_%28economics%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint-stock_companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Share_%28finance%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shareholderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_capitalizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_instrumenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_%28finance%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marketablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Securitieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_of_accounthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutual_fundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limited_partnershiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_estate_investment_trusthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Englishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dividendhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquidationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Votinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_%28economics%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_%28economics%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Votinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquidationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dividendhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Englishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_estate_investment_trusthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limited_partnershiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutual_fundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_of_accounthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Securitieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marketablehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_%28finance%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_instrumenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_capitalizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shareholderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Share_%28finance%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint-stock_companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_%28economics%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interest_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_%28finance%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ownership_equityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Securitization


27/55


cmylpfp efkrs wfavok~lws `lmyockd`f kdn wfylw~cda wf{vcwfmfd~p$ êf ~fwm ldos wfbfwp ~l~ef bcwp~ yvgoc` cppvkd`f lb k `lmykds!p pekwfp$ Cb k `lmykds ok~fw pfoop dfqos cppvfn pekwfp%kakcd# ~l ~ef mkwjf~/ c~ cp `koofn k !Pfkpldfn F{vc~s Lbbfwcda!$ Qefd k pekwfelonfw pfooppekwfp c~ cp `koofn k 'pf`ldnkws lbbfwcda' kdn ~ef pekwfelonfw/ dl~ ~ef `lmykds qellwcacdkoos cppvfn ~ef pekwfp/ wf~kcdp ~ef ywl`ffnp lb ~ef lbbfwcda$ êfpf ~fwmp kwf lb~fd`ldbvpfn$ Cd ncp~cdavcpecda ~efm/ c~ cp cmylw~kd~ ~l wfmfmgfw ~ek~ ldos k `lmykds qecècppvfp pekwfp `kd mkjf k 'ywcmkws lbbfwcda'$ Pf`ldnkws lbbfwcdap l``vw ld ~ef 'pf`ldnkwsmkwjf~'/ qefwf pekwfelonfwp %dl~ ~ef cppvcda `lmykds# gvs kdn pfoo pekwfp qc~e fkè l~efw$

K mv~vko bvdn cp k blwm lb`loof`~crf cdrfp~mfd~ ~ek~ yllop mldfs bwlm mkds cdrfp~lwp kdncdrfp~p ~efcw mldfs cd p~l`jp/gldnp/ pelw~-~fwm mldfs mkwjf~ cdp~wvmfd~p/ kdn,lw l~efwpf`vwc~cfp$ Cd k mv~vko bvdn/ ~ef bvdn mkdkafw ~wknfp ~ef bvdn!p vdnfwoscda pf`vwc~cfpwfkocxcda `kyc~ko akcdp lw olppfp/ kdn `loof`~p ~ef ncrcnfdn lw cd~fwfp~ cd`lmf$ êf cdrfp~mfd~

ywl`ffnp kwf ~efd ykppfn kolda ~l ~ef cdncrcnvko cdrfp~lwp$ êf rkovf lb k pekwf lb ~ef mv~vk

bvdn/ jdlqd kp ~ef df~ kppf~ rkovfyfw pekwf %DKR#/ cp `ko`vok~fn nkcos gkpfn ld ~ef ~l~krkovf lb ~ef bvdn ncrcnfn gs ~ef dvmgfw lb pekwfp `vwwfd~os cppvfn kdn lv~p~kdncda$

Ofakoos jdlqd kp kd 'lyfd-fdn `lmykds' vdnfw ~ef Cdrfp~mfd~ @lmykds K`~ lb ;3>9 %~efywcmkws wfavok~lws p~k~v~f alrfwdcda cdrfp~mfd~ `lmykdcfp#/ k mv~vko bvdn cp ldf lb ~ewffgkpc` ~syfp lb cdrfp~mfd~ `lmykdcfp krkcokgof cd ~ef Vdc~fn P~k~fp$Z7] Lv~pcnf lb ~ef Vdc~fnP~k~fp %qc~e ~ef fu`fy~cld lb @kdknk/ qecè bloolqp ~ef V$P$ mlnfo#/ mv~vko bvdn cp kafdfwc` ~fwm blw rkwclvp ~syfp lb `loof`~crf cdrfp~mfd~ rfecòf$ Cd ~ef Vdc~fn Jcdanlm kdnqfp~fwd Fvwlyf %cdòvncda lbbpelwf hvwcpnc`~cldp#/ l~efw blwmp lb `loof`~crf cdrfp~mfd~rfecòf kwf ywfrkofd~/ cdòvncda vdc~ ~wvp~p/ lyfd-fdnfn cdrfp~mfd~ `lmykdcfp %LFC@p#PC@KRp kdn vdc~cxfn cdpvwkd`f bvdnp$

Cd Kvp~wkock ~ef ~fwm 'mv~vko bvdn' cp afdfwkoos dl~ vpfn: ~ef dkmf 'mkdkafn bvdn' cp vpfncdp~fkn$ Elqfrfw/ 'mkdkafn bvdn' cp plmfqek~ afdfwc` kp ~ef nfbcdc~cld lb k mkdkafn bvdncd Kvp~wkock cp kds rfecòf cd qecè cdrfp~lwp! mldfs cp mkdkafn gs k ~ecwn ykw~s %DG8vpvkoos kd cdrfp~mfd~ ywlbfppcldko lw lwakdcxk~cld#$ Mlp~ mkdkafn bvdnp kwf lyfd-fdnfn%c$f$/ ~efwf cp dl fp~kgocpefn mkucmvm dvmgfw lb pekwfp ~ek~ `kd gf cppvfn#: elqfrfw/ ~ecpdffn dl~ gf ~ef `kpf$ Knnc~cldkoos ~ef Kvp~wkockd alrfwdmfd~ cd~wlnv`fn k `lmyvoplwspvyfwkddvk~cld,yfdpcld pèfmf qecè/ ko~elvae p~wc`~os pyfkjcda k mkdkafn bvdn/ cp wkwfos

cnfd~cbcfn gs ~ecp ~fwm kdn cp cdp~fkn `koofn k 'pvyfwkddvk~cld bvdn' gf`kvpf lb c~p pyf`cko~ku `ld`fppcldp kdn wfp~wc`~cldp ld qefd mldfs cdrfp~fn cd c~ `kd gf k``fppfn$
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collective_investment_schemehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_%28finance%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Money_markethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_%28finance%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fund_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_gainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dividendhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incomehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Net_asset_valuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investment_Company_Act_of_1940http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investment_companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offshore_financial_centrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_trusthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OEIChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SICAVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitised_insurance_fundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitised_insurance_fundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SICAVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OEIChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_trusthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offshore_financial_centrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/#_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investment_companyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investment_Company_Act_of_1940http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Net_asset_valuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incomehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dividendhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_gainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fund_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_%28finance%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Money_markethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_%28finance%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collective_investment_scheme


28/55


PF@VWC^SK pf`vwc~s cp k bvdacgof/ dfal~ckgof cdp~wvmfd~ wfywfpfd~cda bcdkd`cko rkovf$ Pf`vwc~cfp kwf

gwlknos `k~falwcxfn cd~l nfg~ kdn f{vc~s pf`vwc~cfp pvè kp gldnp kdn `lmmld p~l`jpwfpyf`~crfos$ êf `lmykds lw l~efw fd~c~s cppvcda ~ef pf`vwc~s cp `koofn ~ef cppvfw$ Qek~pyf`cbc`koos {vkocbcfp kp k pf`vwc~s cp nfyfdnfd~ ld ~ef wfavok~lws p~wv`~vwf cd k `lvd~ws$ Blwfukmyof ywcrk~f cdrfp~mfd~ yllop mks ekrf plmf bfk~vwfp lb pf`vwc~cfp/ gv~ ~efs mks dl~ gfwfacp~fwfn lw wfavok~fn kp pvè cb ~efs mff~ rkwclvp wfp~wc`~cldp$Pf`vwc~cfp mks gf wfywfpfd~fn gs k `fw~cbc`k~f lw/ mlwf ~syc`koos/ gs kd fof`~wldc` gllj fd~wscd~fwfp~$ @fw~cbc`k~fp mks gf gfkwfw/ mfkdcda ~efs fd~c~of ~ef elonfw ~l wcae~p vdnfw ~efpf`vwc~s mfwfos gs eloncda ~ef pf`vwc~s/ lw wfacp~fwfn/ mfkdcda ~efs fd~c~of ~ef elonfw ~lwcae~p ldos cb ef lw pef kyyfkwp ld k pf`vwc~s wfacp~fw mkcd~kcdfn gs ~ef cppvfw lw kdcd~fwmfnckws$ êfs cdòvnf pekwfp lb `lwylwk~f p~l`j lw mv~vko bvdnp/ gldnp cppvfn gs`lwylwk~cldp lw alrfwdmfd~ko kafd`cfp/ p~l`j ly~cldp lw l~efw ly~cldp/ ocmc~fn ykw~dfwpecyvdc~p/ kdn rkwclvp l~efw blwmko cdrfp~mfd~ cdp~wvmfd~p ~ek~ kwf dfal~ckgof kdn bvdacgof$

NFWCRK^CRFP

Nfwcrk~crfp kwf ~ef bcdkd`cko `ld~wk`~p ~ek~ nfwcrf ~efcw rkovf bwlm kd vdnfwoscda kppf~/ qecè`lvon gf p~l`jp lw p~l`j cdnc`fp/ `lmmlnc~cfp lw `vwwfd`cfp lw frfd fuèkdaf wk~fp lw ~efwk~f lb cd~fwfp~$~ef rkovf lb k p~l`j mks wcpf lw bkoo/ kd fuèkdaf wk~f mks pqcda cd bkrlvw lbldf `vwwfd`s lw ~ef l~efw/ ~ef ywc`f lb k `lmmlnc~s mks cd`wfkpf lw nf`wfkpf$K bfk~vwf`lmmld ~l koo vdnfwoscda kppf~p cp ~ek~ ~efs `kwws ~ef wcpj lb èkdaf cd rkovf$Nfwcrk~crf`ld~wk`~p pffj ~l ~wkdpbfw ~efpf wcpjp bwlm k `lvd~fwykw~s ~ek~ cp dl~ `lmblw~kgof qc~e ~ef wcpj~l ~ef ldf ~ek~ cp$

YKW^C@CYKD^P CD NFWCRK^CRFP MKWJF^

EFNAFWPEfnafwp kwf ~wknfwp qel qcpe ~l ywl~f`~ ~efmpforfp bwlm ~ef wcpj cdrlorfn cd ywc`fmlrfmfd~p$ êfs ollj blw lyylw~vdc~cfp ~l ykpp ld ~ecp wcpj ~l ~elpf qel kwf qcoocda ~l gfkwc~$ êfs kwf kopl jffd ~l wcn ~efmpforfp lb ~ef vd`fw~kcdc~s kppl`ck~fn qc~e ~ef ywc`f èkdafp~ek~ ~efs mks gf frfd wfkns ~l nl pl k~ k ywfnf~fwmcdfn `lp~$
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungiblehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_%28finance%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutual_fundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_%28finance%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_optionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_optionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_%28finance%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutual_fundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_%28finance%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungible


29/55


PYF@VOK^LWPQecof slv mks gf krfwpf ~l wcpjp/ ~efwf kwf yflyof qel fmgwk`f ~efm/ pcd`f wcpj kdn wf~vwdkoqksp al ekdn cd ekdn$ Pyf`vok~lwp/ vdocjf efnafwp/ ollj blw lyylw~vdc~cfp ~l ~kjf ld wcpj cd~ef elyf lb mkjcda wf~vwdp$Cd ~ef Cdnckd mkwjf~p/ ~efwf kwf ~ql ~syfp lb pyf`vok~lwp- nks ~wknfwp kdn ~ef ylpc~cld~wknfwp$ K nks ~wknfw ~wcfp ~l ~kjf knrkd~kaf lb cd~wk nks bov`~vk~cldp kdn ~ef vy kdn nlqdmlrfmfd~ cd ywc`fp$ êfs nl dl~ ofkrf kds ylpc~cld lyfd k~ ~ef fdn lb ~ef nks$ Ld ~ef l~efwekdn/ ylpc~cld ~wknfwp awfk~os wfos ld ~cyp kdn dfqp kdn ~kjf k oldafw rcfq/ pks k mld~e/ cdlwnfw ~l wfkocxf gf~~fw ywlbc~p$

MKWACD ^WKNFWPêfpf kwf ~ef pyf`vok~lwp qel mkjf vpf lb ~ef yksmfd~ mfèkdcpm/ qecè cp yf`vockw ~l ~efnfwcrk~crf mkwjf~p$ Qefd slv ~wknf cd nfwcrk~crfp ywlnv`~p/ slv kwf dl~ wf{vcwfn ~l yks ~ef~l~ko rkovf lb slvw ylpc~cld vybwld~$ Slv kwf wf{vcwfn ~l yks k bwk`~cld %`koofn mkwacd# lb ~ef

rkovf lb slvw lv~p~kdncda ylpc~cld$ êcp cp `koofn mkwacd ~wkncda kdn wfpvo~p cd k ecaeofrfwkaf bk`~lw cd nfwcrk~crf ~wknfp/ c$f$/ qc~e k pmkoo nfylpc~ slv kwf kgof ~l mkcd~kcd k okwaflv~p~kdncda ylpc~cld$

KWGC^WKAFVWPOcbf cp dl~ yfwbf`~ kdn `kyc~ko mkwjf~p ekrf ~efcw pekwf lb cmyfwbf`~cldp ~ll$ Kwgc~wkafvwpfuyolc~ ~efpf cmyfwbf`~cldp kdn cdfbbc`cfd`cfp ~l ~efcw knrkd~kaf$ Kwgc~wkaf ~wknf cp k wcpjofpp~wknf qefwf k pcmvo~kdflvp yvwèkpf lb pf`vwc~cfp cp nldf cd ldf mkwjf~ kdn k `lwwfpyldncdapkof cp `kwwcfn lv~ cd kdl~efw mkwjf~$ êfpf kwf nldf qefd ~ef pkmf pf`vwc~cfp kwf gfcda{vl~fn k~ ncbbfwfd~ ywc`fp cd ~ef ~ql mkwjf~p$

^SYFP LB NFWCRK^CRFP

;$ BV^VWFPK bv~vwf `ld~k`~ cp kd kawffmfd~ gf~qffd ~ql ykw~cfp- k gvsfw kdn k pfoofw/ qefwfcd ~efblwmfw kawffp ~l yvwèkpf bwlm ~ef ok~~fw/ k dvmgfw lb pekwfp lw kd cdnfu k~ k `fw~kcd ~cmf cd~ef bv~vwf %fuycws nk~f# blw k ywfnf~fwmcdfn ywc`f/ qecè cp kawffn vyld qefd ~ef ~wkdpk`~cld

~kjfp yok`f$~efpf kwf p~kdnkwncxfn cd ~fwmp lb fuycws nk~fp kdn `ld~wk`~ pcxfp/ ~efs `kd gfbwffos ~wknfn ld fuèkdafp$frfws `ld~k`~ cp avwkd~ffn kdn eldlvwfn gs ~ef p~l`j fuèkdaflw mlwf ywf`cpfos/ ~ef òfkwcda elvpf lb ~ef p~l`j fuèkdaf/ qecè cp kd kafd`s nfpcadk~fn~l pf~~of ~wknfp lb cdrfp~lwp ld ~ef p~l`j fuèkdafp$

Frfws p~l`j bv~vwfp `ld~wk`~ `ldpcp~p lb k bcufn ol~ lb ~ef vdnfwoscda pekwf: ~ecp ol~nf~fwmcdfn gs ~ef fuèkdaf ld qecè c~ cp ~wknfn kdn ncbbfwp bwlm p~l`j ~l p~l`j$


30/55


Bv~vwfp `ld~wk`~p kwf krkcokgof cd nvwk~cldp lb ;mld~e/ 7mld~ep/ 0mld~ep%`koofn dfkw mld~emcnnof mld~e kdn bkw mld~e wfpyf`~crfos#êf mld~e cd qecè k `ld~wk`~ fuycwfp cp `koofn ~ef`ld~wk`~ mld~e blw ~ek~ `ld~wk`~$ Koo ~ewff mk~vwc~cfp kwf ~wknfn pcmvo~kdflvpos ld ~effuèkdaf kdn fuycwf ld ~ef okp~ êvwpnks lb ~efcw wfpyf`~crf `ld~wk`~ mld~ep$

YWC@CDA LB BV^VWFP @LD^WK@^P LD P^L@JP KDN CDNC@FP

^ql mlnfop ~ws ~l fuyokcd qek~ `ldp~c~v~fp ~ef ncbbfwfd`f gf~qffd ~ef pyl~ ywc`f %c$f$ ~ef`vwwfd~ mkwjf~ ywc`f lb ~ef p~l`j cd ~ef `kpe mkwjf~ lw ~ef rkovf lb kd cdnfu ld ~ek~ nks# kdn~ef bv~vwfp ywc`f$ êfwf kwf ~ql ~eflwcfp ~ek~ fuyokcd elq bv~vwfp `ld~wk`~p kwf ywc`fn

ÊF @LP^ LB @KWWS MLNFO

êcp mlnfo kppvmfp ~ek~ kwgc~wkaf gf~qffd ~ef `kpe mkwjf~ kdn ~ef bv~vwfp mkwjf~focmcdk~fp ~ef bv~vwf cmyfwbf`~cldp cd ywc`cda/ c$f$/ vdk``lvd~fn blw ncbbfwfd`fp gf~qffd ~ef`kpe ywc`f kdn bv~vwfp ywc`f$

êf ncbbfwfd`f ~ek~ wfmkcdp cp nvf ~l k bk`~lw `koofn êf `lp~ lb @kwws$ êf mlnfo koplkppvmfp/ blw pcmyoc`c~s pkjf/ ~ek~ ~ef `ld~wk`~ cp efon ~coo mk~vwc~s/ pl ~ek~ k bkcw ywc`f `kd gfkwwcrfn k~$

^l yv~ c~ gwcfbos/ ld`f koo ncp~lw~cldp cd ~ef bv~vwfp ywc`f ekrf gffd fwkpfn gs kwgc~wkaf/ k bkcwbv~vwfp ywc`f = ~ef pyl~ ywc`f* ~ef df~ `lp~ lb `kwws lb ~ef kppf~ bwlm ~lnks ~l ~ef nk~f ldqecè ~ef `ld~wk`~ fuycwfp$êf df~ `lp~ lb `kwws cdrlorfp koo `lp~p ~ek~ slv mks ekrf ekn ~l cd`vw cd lwnfw ~l elon kpcmcokw ylpc~cld lyfd cd ~ef `kpe mkwjf~/ ofpp ~ef wf~vwdp ~ek~ slv qlvon ekrf wf`fcrfn bwlm~ecp ylpc~cld$

êf `lp~p ~syc`koos cdòvnf bcdkd`cda èkwafp/ k~ ~ef ywfrkcocda wk~f lb cd~fwfp~$ êcp cp

gf`kvpf slv mks ekrf glwwlqfn ~l bcdkd`f k pcmcokw ylpc~cld cd ~ef `kpe mkwjf~/ kdn cb dl~slv mks ekrf olp~ ~ef cd~fwfp~ ld ~ef `kyc~ko ~ek~ slv cdrfp~fn ~l jffy slvw ylpc~cld lyfd$ Cd~ef `ld~wkp~ cd ~ef bv~vwfp mkwjf~/ slv mfwfos ekrf ~l nfylpc~ k bwk`~cld lb ~ef rkovf lb slvw

ylpc~cld cd ~ef blwm lb mkwacd$


31/55

Cdncwk Pèllo lb @kwffw Nfrfolymfd~/ Yvdf Ykaf 0;

êf wf~vwdp ~ek~ slv wf`fcrf `lvon `ldpcp~ lb ncrcnfdnp lw gldvpfp ~ek~ slv mks ekrfwf`fcrfn cd `kpf slv ekn efon p~l`jp cd ~ef `kpe mkwjf~$ Cd ~ef `kpf lb kd cdnfu bv~vwf/ slvwwf~vwdp mks gf akvafn gs ~ef krfwkaf wf~vwd ~ek~ kd cdnfu nfocrfwp$

FUYF@^KD@S MLNFO LB BV^VWFP YWC@CDA

C~ pksp ~ek~ ~ef bv~vwfp ywc`f cp dl~ecda gv~ ~ef fuyf`~fn pyl~ ywc`f lb kd kppf~ cd ~ef bv~vwf$ Cb~efwf kwf mlwf ~wknfwp qel fuyf`~ ~ef bv~vwf ywc`f lb kd kppf~ ~l wcpf cd ~ef bv~vwf ~ekd ~elpfqel fuyf`~ c~ ~l bkoo/ ~ef `vwwfd~ bv~vwfp ywc`f lb ~ek~ kppf~ qcoo gf ylpc~crf$ Cd bk`~/ ~ef ~eflwspvaafp~p ~ek~ c~ cp dl~ ~ef wfok~cld gf~qffd ~ef `kpe mkwjf~ ywc`f kdn ~ef bv~vwfp ywc`f ~ek~ cpwfofrkd~/ gv~ ~ef wfok~cldpecy gf~qffd ~ef fuyf`~fn pyl~ ywc`f ld ~ef nk~f lb fuycws lb ~ef`ld~wk`~ kdn ~ef bv~vwfp ywc`f ~ek~ cp$

GKPCP

êfwf cp vpvkoos k ncbbfwfd`f gf~qffd ~ef bv~vwf ywc`f kdn ~ef pyl~ ywc`f$ êcp ncbbfwfd`f cp`koofn ~ef gkpcp$ êf gkpcp dlwmkoos wfmkcdp ylpc~crf qefd ~ef mkwjf~p kwf dl~ rlok~cof lw kwfcd k pf`vokw wvd %dl~ kbbf`~fn gs pelw~ ~fwm/ pyf`vok~cld nwcrfd rlok~coc~s#$ Elqfrfw/ qefd~ef mkwjf~p kwf cd gfkw awcy kdn `kpe mkwjf~ ywc`fp kwf fuyf`~fn ~l bkoo cd ~ef dfkw ~fwm/ ~ef

gkpcp `lvon ~vwd dfak~crf$

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`ld~wk`~/ kp c~ wfkèfp fuycwk~cld/ ~ef bv~vwfp ywc`f kdn pyl~ ywc`f kp pelqd gfolq8

ELQ ^L GVS BV^VWFP

Gfblwf slv k`~vkoos gfacd ~wkncda/ slv mvp~ ~cf vy qc~e k gwljfw qel cp k mfmgfw lb ~efp~l`j fuèkdaf ld qecè slv yokd ~l ~wknf lw slv `kd ~wknf ~ewlvae k pvg-gwljfw/ qel

wlv~fp slvw ~wknfp ~ewlvae k gwljfw ~l ~ef p~l`j fuèkdaf$ Kp yfw ~ef PFGC wvofp/ slv dffn~l fd~fw cd~l k òcfd~ gwljfw kawffmfd~ qc~e ~ef gwljfw qc~e qelm ~efs qcpe ~l ~wknf$ld`fslv ekrf bvwdcpefn slvw JS@ blwm / gwljfw pf~p vy kd k``lvd~ blw slv kdn kool~p slv kvdc{vf `lnf$Ld`f slv nfylpc~ slvw mkwacd mldfs / slv `kd yok`f slvw lwnfwp$êf mkcd ~syfp lb lwnfwp kwf8

Mkwjf~ lwnfwp- qecè cp fuf`v~fn k~ ~ef ywfrkcocda mkwjf~ ywc`f$ Ocmc~ lwnfwp- c~ af~p fuf`v~fn k~ ~ef pyf`cbc` p~k~fn ywc`f$


32/55


P~ly olpp lwnfwp-slv `kd ncwf`~ ~l p{vkwf vy slvw ylpc~cld k~ k ywfnf~fwmcdfn ywc`f cd lwnfw~l ocmc~ slvw olppfp$

PF^ÔCDA P^L@J BV^VWF @LD^WK@^P

Ld fuycws

Cd ~ef Cdnckd mkwjf~p/ gvscda k p~l`j bv~vwfp `ld~wk`~ nlfp dl~ wfpvo~ cd nfocrfws lb ~efvdnfwoscda pekwfp$ êf bv~vwfp `ld~wk`~ ekp ~l gf pf~~ofn ld ~ef fuycws nks k~ ~ef òlpcda

ywc`f lb ~ef vdnfwoscda p~l`j cd ~ef kpe mkwjf~$

Coovp~wk~cld lb mkwj-~l-mkwjf~ mkwacdp blw ;99 dcb~s glvae~ k~ 0669

Cdnfuòlpfn k~

M^M Mkwacd Fuyokdk~cld

Nks lbyvwèkpf

0299 @wfnc~ lbWp$6/999

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Ncbbfwfd`f gf~qffd ~ef òlpcda ywc`f ld ~efnk~f lb yvwèkpf nks 7 òlpcda ywc`f c$f$/ %0699-0299#(;99

Nks 0 0>39 Nfgc~ lb

Wp$;999

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ywc`fp/ c$f$ %0>39-0699#(;99

Gfblwf fuycws

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pelw~ ylpc~cldp$ Efwf kakcd slvw ywlbc~p lw olppfp qcoo gf wf~vwdfn ~l lw `loof`~fn bwlm slv /kb~fw knhvp~cda ~efm bwlm ~ef mkwacdp ~ek~ slv ekrf nfylpc~fn ~coo ~ef nks ld qecè slvp{vkwf lbb slvw ylpc~cld$


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PF^ÔCDA CDNFU BV^VWF @LD^WK@^P

Ld fuycws

Cdnfu bv~vwfp `ld~wk`~p kwf pf~~ofn cd `kpe kdn ~ef òlpcda cdnfu rkovf ld ~ef nk~f lb ~effuycws lb ~ef `ld~wk`~ cp `ldpcnfwfn kp ~ef pf~~ofmfd~ ywc`f blw ~ef cdnfu bv~vwfp$@ldpcnfw k `kpf qefwf slv yvwèkpf ldf `ld~wk`~ lb Dcb~s bv~vwf k~ 0629 pks ld Hvos 1 $~ecp

ykw~c`vokw `ld~wk`~p fuycwf ld Hvos 71/ gfcda ~ef okp~ êvwpnks lb ~ef `ld~wk`~ pfwcfp$ Cb slvekrf dl~ gffd kgof ~l pfoo ~ef bv~vwf ~coo ~ef nk~f lb fuycws ~ef fuèkdaf qcoo pf~~of slvw`ld~wk`~ k~ ~ef òlpcda ywc`f lb ~ef dcb~s ywfrkcocda ld ~ef fuycws nks$ Pl cb ld Hvos 71/ ~ef

Dcb~s p~kdnp k~ 0669/ ~efd slv qcoo mkjf k olpp lb ;/999$ Slvw gwljfw qcoo nfnv`~ ~ef kmlvdbwlm slvw mkwacdp nfylpc~fn qc~e ecm kdn blwqkwn c~ ~l ~efd p~l`j fuèkdaf/ qecè cd ~vwdqcoo blwqkwn c~ ~l ~ef pfoofw qel ekp mknf ~ek~ ywlbc~$

Gfblwf fuycws

Cd lwnfw ~l fuc~ k ylpc~cld slv nl dl~ ekrf ~l qkc~ cd ~ef bv~vwfp mkwjf~ /slv `lvon ekrf plonslvw olda ylpc~cld ld ~ef nks lb yvwèkpf c~pfob lw ld kds nks ~coo ~ef fucws nk~f lb ~ef`ld~wk`~/ cb ~ef ywc`f cd ~ef bv~vwfp mkwjf~ olljfn k~~wk`~crf$

VPCDA BV^VWFP

Gs pyf`vok~lwp

êfs ~kjf olda lw pelw~ ylpc~cldp cd cdnfu kdn p~l`j bv~vwfp/ nfyfdncda ld ~efcw yfw`fy~cldplb ~ef mkwjf~$Of~/p ~kjf ~ef `kpf lb p~l`j bv~vwfp lb WCO: @ld~wk`~ pcxf8299 pekwfp: ywc`f lb bv~vwf8329: pyl~

ywc`f8366: mkwacd wf{vcwfn8;9 yfw`fd~ lb ~ef `ld~wk`~ rkovf8

$

Yfw`fy~cld K`~cld Mkwacd wf{vcwfnblw ldf ol~ %299pekwfp#

Yvwèkpf,pfooywc`f

Kmlvd~ wf{vcwfn blw~ef yvwèkpf lb pcmcokw{~s cd `kpe mkwjf~

Ofrfwkaf

Gvoocpe Gvsbv~vwfp

61299 329 612999 ;9~cmfp

Gfkwcpe Pfoobv~vwfp

61299 329 - ;9~cmfp


34/55

Cdncwk Pèllo lb @kwffw Nfrfolymfd~/ Yvdf Ykaf 0>

Cd ~ef kglrf `kpf/ kds mlrfmfd~ cd ~ef p~l`j ywc`fp ~l pks Wp$359 qlvon mkjf ~ef bv~vwfpgvsfw wcèfw gs Wp$;7/999 %299(79# blw fkè `ld~wk`~$ Pcmcokwos cd ~ef `kpf lb k bkoo cd ~efywc`fp ~l pks Wp$369/ ~ef cdrfp~lw qlvon ollpf Wp$2999 %299(;9# blw fkè `ld~wk`~$ êfpfoofw/ ld ~ef l~efw ekdn/ qlvon olpf qefd ~ef gvsfw akcdp kdn akcd qefd ~ef gvsfw olpfp / ~l~ef pkmf fu~fd~$

Gs kwgc~wkafvwp

êfs p~ks bl`vpfn ld gl~e `kpe mkwjf~ kdn bv~vwfp mkwjf~p cd lwnfw ~l gfdfbc~ bwlmvdfuyokcdfn ywc`f ncbbfwfd`fp$

Of~/p ~kjf p`wcy-WCO: `ld~wk`~ pcxf8299pekwfp: ywc`f lb bv~vwf8329: pyl~ ywc`f369: mkwacd

wf{vcwfn8;9 yfw`fd~ lb ~ef `ld~wk`~ rkovf$

Ywc`f cd `kpe mkwjf~ Wp369

Ywc`f cd bv~vwfpmkwjf~

Wp329

K`~cld Gvs cd `kpe mkwjf~ kdn pfoo cd bv~vwfp mkwjf~

@ldnc~cld Gkpcp cp mlwf ~ekd ~ef `lp~ lb `kwws kdn lyylw~vdc~s `lp~ lbcdrfp~cda

Pcd`f ~ef kwgc~wkafvw olljp blw cdfbbc`cfd`cfp gf~qffd ~ef ywc`fp cd ~ef ~ql mkwjf~p/ cd ~efkglrf `kpf/ ef gvsp 299 pekwfp lb WCO cd ~ef `kpe mkwjf~ kdn ~kjfp nfocrfws lb ~ef pkmf$ K~~ef pkmf ~cmf/ ef pfoop 299 pekwfp cd ~ef bv~vwf mkwjf~ gs ykscda k ;9 yfw`fd~ mkwacd ld ~ef`ld~wk`~ rkovf$ êf kwgc~wkafvw qlvon pfoo ~ef yespc`ko pekwfp ld ~ef fuycws nk~f kdn gvs

gk`j ~ef bv~vwfp/ qecè ef ekn plon$ Cd ~ecp ~wkdpk`~cld/ ~ef kwgc~wkafvw ekp mknf k ywlbc~ lbWp2999 %299(;9#$

Gs efnafwp

Cb ~ef efnafw qkd~p ~l ywl~f`~ ecp ylw~blocl/ qecè `ldpcp~p lb k rkwcf~s lb govf ècy p~l`jp/bwlm ~ef ylppcgcoc~s lb k bkoo cd ywc`fp cd ~ef mkwjf~/ ef mks `ldpcnfw pfoocda Dcb~s bv~vwfp kp~ecp cdnfu afdfwkoos wfywfpfd~p ~ef mlrfmfd~ lb mkwjf~ ofknfwp$ Cd lwnfw ~l `lmyof~fos `lrfwecp ylw~blocl gkovf/ ef qcoo ekrf ~l yvwèkpf 7 dcb~s `ld~wk`~p %Dl$ lb `ld~wk`~p= rkovf lb

ylw~blocl , Dcb~s rkovf/c$f$/ 2okje,0okje#$


35/55


Rkovf lb ylw~blocl eloncdap Wp2okje

Rcfq Gfkwcpe blw ~ef dfu~ ldf mld~e

K`~cld Pfoo Cdnfu bv~vwfp

Dcb~s bv~vwfp ofrfo 0999ylcd~p

Rkovf lb ldf Dcb~s `ld~wk`~ Wp0okje

Pcd`f lvw efnafw cp gfkwcpe kglv~ ~ef mkwjf~ blw ~ef dfu~ ldf mld~e/ ef qcoo pelw~ pfoo ~ql`ld~wk`~p lb Dcb~s bv~vwfp qc~e k mk~vwc~s yfwcln lb ; mld~e fkè$

Cb ~efq mkwjf~ bkoop gs ;9 yfw `fd~ /c$f$/ ~ef rkovf lb ~ef Dcb~s bkoop gs 099ylcd~p ~l 7199/ ~efrkovf lb ~ef efnafwp ylw~blocl qlvon gf wfnv`fn ~l Wp$6$>okje %wp2okje ofpp ;9 yfw `fd~#kppvmcda ~ek~ ecp ylw~blocl cp fu~wfmfos qfoo wfywfpfd~fn gs ~ef cdnfu$ K~ ~ef pkmf ~cmf/pcd`f ef ekp plon bv~vwfp qlw~e Wp2okje / ef qcoo mkjf k akcd lb Wp29/999 nvf ~l ~ef bkoo cdcdnfu$ Kp k wfpvo~ ~ef rkovf lb ecp lrfwkoo eloncdap wfmkcdp vdkbbf`~fn gs ~ef bkoo cd mkwjf~$

Elqfrfw/ cd `kpf lb wcpf cd ~ef mkwjf~/ ~ef efnafw qlvon olpf lv~ ld ~ef vypcnf/ pcd`f ef qcooekrf ~l gfkw olppfp ld k``lvd~ lb ecp pelw~ pfoocda lb bv~vwfp `ld~wk`~p$ Efwf/ qf ekrfkppvmfn k ;8; wk~cl gf~qffd ~ef ylw~blocl kdn ~ef bv~vwfp rkovf$ Cd`kpf ~ef efnafw eknnf`cnfn ~l pfoo ldos ldf `ld~wk`~ kdn ~ef mkwjf~ wlpf gs ;9 yfw`fd~/ ~ef olppfp bwlm pfoocdabv~vwfp qlvon gf ldos 09/999 qecof ~ef akcd cd ~ef rkovf lb ecp ylw~blocl lvon ekrf gffd29/999$

7$ LY^CLDP

Kd ly~cld `ld~wk`~ alfp ldf p~fy gfsldn k bv~vwfp `ld~wk`~/ ~lqkwnp `kyycda wcpjp$ êfpf`ld~wk`~p acrf slv ~ef wcae~ gv~ dl~ ~ef lgocak~cld ~l gvs lw pfoo pekwfp lw kd cdnfu/ k~ kpyf`cbcfn ywc`f %p~wcjf ywc`f#/ ld lw gfblwf k acrfd nk~f cd bv~vwf%fuycwk~cld wk~f#$Pl/ cb slvekrf yvwèkpfn kd ly~cld `ld~wk`~/ slv ekrf ~ef wcae~ ~l pcmyos cadlwf ~ef ~fwmp lb ~ef`ld~wk`~ cb ~ef ywc`f lb ~ef vdnfwoscda pekwfp lw cdnfu alfp kakcdp~ slv$ Lb`lvwpf slv ekrf ~l

yks k ywc`f/ `koofn k ywfmcvm/ blw ~ecp ywcrcofaf$Ld ~ef l~efw ekdn lb ~ecp ~wkdpk`~cld/ ~efwf cp kd ly~cld pfoofw/ kopl `koofn ~ef ly~cld qwc~fwêcp ~wknfw acrfp slv ~ef wcae~ ~l gvs lw pfoo ~ef vdnfwoscda kppf~ cd fuèkdaf blw ~ef

ywfmcvm ~ek~ slv yks$ Ef/ecmpfob ekp dl wcae~p kdn cp lgocak~fn ~l `lmyos qc~e ~ef `ld~wk`~ cb slv èllpf ~l fufw`cpfslvw ly~cld$êf ol~ pcxfp cd ~ef `kpf lb ly~cld `ld~wk`~p kwf ~ef pkmf kp ~elpf blw ~ef bv~vwfp$êf fuycwk~cld nk~fp blw ~ef ly~cld `ld~wk`~p kwf kopl p~kdnkwncxfn ~l mk~è ~elpf lb ~efbv~vwfp ld~wk`~p$


36/55


P^WCJF YWC@F CD^FWRKOP

êfpf kwf ~ef ofrfop lb p~wcjf ywc`fp blw fkè cdnfu kdn p~l`j ly~cldp$ êf fuèkdafkv~elwc~cfp nf~fwmcdf ~ef p~wcjf ywc`fp$ Blw frfws ly~cld ~syf/ ~ef fuèkdafp ywlrcnf kmcdcmvm lb bcrf p~wcjf ywc`fp nvwcda ~ef mld~e$ ^ql `ld~wk`~p qcoo gf kglrf ~ef pyl~ ywc`f/~ql gfolq ~ef pyl~ ywc`f kdn ~ef okp~ ldf qcoo gf f{vcrkofd~ ~l ~ef pyl~ ywc`f$ Ko~elvae ~efp~wcjf ywc`fp kwf bcufn/ ~ef p~wcjf ywc`fp ~ek~ kwf knnfn ~l ~ef fucp~cda ldfp ~ek~ kwf ~wknfnjffy ld èkdacda qc~e ~ef èkdaf cd pyl~ ywc`f$

@KOO KDN YV^ LY^CLDP

Ld ~ef gkpcp lb qef~efw slv qkd~ ~ef ly~cld ~l gvs pekwfp lw pfoo ~hfm k~ k pyf`cbc` ywc`f cd

~ef bv~vwf/ ~efwf kwf ~ql ~syfp lb ly~cldp krkcokgof cd ~ef nfwcrk~crfp mkwjf~p $êfs kwf`koofn ~ef @koo ly~cld kdn ~ef Yv~ ly~cld$êf blwmfw acrfp slv ~ef wcae~ ~l gvs pekwfp lw

kd cdnfu qefwf kp ~ef ok~~fw acrfp slv ~ef wcae~ ~l pfoo ~efm/ qc~e dl lgocak~cld$Of~p ~kjf k

ollj k~ ~efpf ~ql ly~cldp/ ldf k~ k ~cmf$

@koo ly~cld

Qefd slv yvwèkpf k `koo ly~cld/ slv yvwèkpf ~ef wcae~ ~l gvs k `fw~kcd dvmgfw lb pekwfp

lw cdnfu/ k~ k ywfnf~fwmcdfn ywc`f%p~wcjf lw fufw`cpf ywc`f#/ ld lw gfblwf k pyf`cbc` nk~f cd ~efbv~vwf%fuycws nk~f#$Cd fuèkdaf blw ~ecp bk`coc~s/slv ekrf ~l yks kd ly~cld ywfmcvm ~l ~ef

pfoofw,qwc~fw lb ~ef ly~cld$êcp cp gf`kvpf ~ef rqwc~fw lb ~ef ly~cld kppvmfp ~ef wcpj ~ek~ ~ef

mkwjf~ ywc`f qcoo wcpf gfsldn slvw p~wcjf ywc`f ld lw gfblwf ~ef fuycws nk~flb slvw `ld~wk`~

kdn ef qcoo gf lgocafn ~l pfoo slv pekwfp k~ ~ef p~wcjf ywc`f/ko~elvae c~ mfkdp mkjcda k

olpp$êf ywfmcvm ykskgof cp k pmkoo kmlvd~ ~ek~ cp kopl mkwjf~ nwcrfd$

Coovp~wk~cld lb k `koo ly~cld ld kd cdnfuKp k ~wknfw slv qlvon èllpf ~l yvwèkpf kd cdnfu ly~cld cb slv ekrf k rcfq ld ~ef ywc`f

mlrfmfd~ lb ~ef cdnfu wk~efw ~ekd kds fuyf`~k~cld kglv~ ~ef ywc`f mlrfmfd~ lb k ykw~c`vokw

pekwf$Cdnc`fp ld qecè slv `kd ~wknf cdòvnf ~ef P"Y Dcb~s @DU 69/ @DU C^ kdn Gkdj

Dcb~s ld ~ef DPF kdn ~ef Pfdpfu ld ~ef GPF$


37/55


Pvyylpf ~ef Dcb~s cp {vl~cda kwlvdn 0999 ylcd~p ~lnks$Cb slv kwf gvoocpe kglv~ ~ef mkwjf~

kdn blwpff ~ecp cdnfu wfkècda ~ef 0;99 mkwj qc~ecd ~ef dfu~ mld~e/ slv mks gvs ~ef ldf

mld~e Dcb~s `koo k~ 0;99$Of~p pks ~ek~ ~ecp `koo cp krkcokgof k~ k ywfmcvm lb Wp 09 yfw pekwf$

Pcd`f ~ef `vwwfd~ `ld~wk`~ pcxf lb ~ef Dcb~s cp ;99 vdc~p/ slv qcoo ekrf ~l yks k ~l~ko ywfmcvm

lb wp 0999 ~l yvwèkpf ldf `koo ly~cld ld ~ef cdnfu$Cb ~ef cdnfu wfmkcdp gfolq 0;99 ylcd~p blw ~ef qelof lb ~ef dfu~ mld~e/ vd~co ~ef `ld~wk`~

fuycwfp/ slv qlvon `fw~kcdos dl~ qkd~ ~l yvwèkp>f rc~ k~ 0;99 ofrfop$Kdn slv ekrf dl

lgocak~cld ~l yvwèkpf c~ fc~efw$Slv `lvon pcmyos cadlwf ~ef `ld~wk`~ kdn koo slv ekrf olp~ cp

syvw ywfmcvm lb Wp0999$

Cb / ld ~ef l~efw ekdn/ ~ef cdnfu nlfp `wlpp 0;99 ylcd~p/ kp slv fuyf`~fn/slv ekrf ~ef wcae~

~l gvs k~ 0;99 ofrfop$ Dk~vwkoos/ slv qlvon ocjf ~l fufw`cpf slvw `koo ly~cld$ Gv~ wfmfmgfw

~ek~ slv qcoo p~kw~ mkjcda ywlbc~p ldos ld`f ~ef Dcb~s `wlppfp 0;09 ofrfop/ pcd`f slv mvp~

knn ~ef `lp~ slvd ekrf cd`vwwfn gs ykscda ~ef ywfmcvm ~l ~ef `lp~ lb ~ef cdnfu$ êcp cp

`koofn slvw gwfkj frfd ylcd~ k ylcd~ qefwf slv mkjf dl ywlbc~p kdn dl olppfp$Qefd ~ef

cdnfu cp kdsqefwf gf~qffd 0;99 kdn 0;09 ylcd~p/slv gfacd ~l wf`lrfw slvw ywfmcvm `lp~/

pl c~ p~coo mkjfp pfdpf ~l fufw`cpf slvw ly~cld k~ ~efpf ofrfop/ cb slv nl dl~ fuyf`~ ~ef cdnfu

~l wcpf bvw~efw lw ~ef `ld~wk`~ wfkèfp c~p fuycws nk~f k~ ~efpf ofrfop$

Dlq of~p ollj k~ elq ~ef qwc~fw lb ~ecp ly~cld cp bkcwcda$ Kp olda kp ~ef cdnfu nlfp dl~ `wlpp

0;99 kdn slv nl dl~ fufw`cpf ~ef ly~cld/ ef gfdfbc~p bwlm ~ef ly~cld ywfmcvm ~ek~ ef ekp

wf`fcrfn bwlm slv$ Cb slv fufw`cpf slvw ly~cld qefd ~ef cdnfu cp gf~qffd 0;99 kdn 0;09/ef

cp blw`fn ~l ykw~ qc~e plmf lb ~ef ywfmcvm ~ek~ slv ekrf ykcn ecm $ld`f ~ef cdnfu cp

kglrf0;09 kdn slv fufw`cpf slvw ly~cld/ep olppfp kwf f{vko cd ywlylw~cld ~l slvw akcdp kdn

gl~e nfyfdn vyld elq mvè ~ef cdnfu wcpfp$

Cd k dv~pefoo/~ef ly~cld qwc~f ekp ~kjfd ld ~ef wcpj lb k wcpf cd ~ef cdnfu blw k pvm lb Wp09

yfw pekwf$Bvw~efw /qecof slvw olppfp kwf ocmc~fn ~l ~ef ywfmcvm ~e~ slv yks kdn slvw ywlbc~

yl~fd~cko cp vdocmc~fn/ ~ef qwc~fwp ywlbc~p kwf ocmc~fn ~l ~ef ywfmcvm kdn ecp olppfp `lvon gf

vdocmc~fn$


38/55


Cdnfu ofrfop Ykslbb blw ~ef Cdnfu @koo Yvwèkpfw Ykslbb blw ~ef Cdnfu @kooQwc~fw

Gfolq 0;99ofrfop @koo Yvwèkpfw olpfp ywfmcvm êf ywfmcvm cp ~efly~cld qwc~fwp cd`lmf

Gf~qffd 0;99kdn0;09ofrfop

@koo yvwèkpfw wf`lrfwp ykw~ lb ~ef ywfmcvmfofmfd~ gv~ p~coo mkjcda kd lrfwkoo olpp

êf ly~cld qwc~fw olpfpykw~ lb ~ef ywfmcvm

K~ 0;09ofrfop @koo yvwèkpfw gwfkjp frfd êf ly~cld qwc~fw koplgwfkjp frfd

Kglrf 0;09ofrfop Ywlbc~ p~kw~p blw ~ef `koo lqdfw Olppfp p~kw~ blw ~efly~cld qwc~fw

Coovp~wk~cld lb k `koo ly~cld ld k p~l`j

Cd ~ef Cdnckd mkwjf~/ ly~cldp `kddl~ gf plon lw yvwèkpfn ld kds kdn frfws p~l`j$ PFGC ekpyfwmc~~fn ly~cldp ~wkncda ld ldos `fw~kcd p~l`jp ~ek~ mff~ c~p p~wcdafd~ `wc~fwck$ êfpf p~l`jpkwf èlpfd bwlm kmldap~ ~ef ~ly 699 p~l`jp cd ~fwmp lb krfwkaf nkcos ~wknfn rkovf cd ~ef

ywfrclvp pcu mld~ep ld k wloocda gkpcp/ kmldap~ l~efw ~fèdc`ko `wc~fwck$

Pvyylpf ~ef KAM l b WCO cp nvf ~l gf efon pelw~os kdn slv gfocfrf ~ek~ kd cmylw~kd~kddlvd`fmfd~ qcoo gf mknf k~ ~ef KAM/ qecof ~ef pekwf cp `vwwfd~os {vl~cda k~ Wp 369/ slvbffo ~ek~ ~ecp kddlvd`fmfd~ qcoo nwcrf ~ef ywc`f vyqkwnp/ gfsldn Wp$369$ elqfrfw/ slv kwfwfov`~kd~ ~l yvwèkpf Wfockd`f cd ~ef `kpe mkwjf~ kp c~ cdrlorfp ~ll okwaf kd cdrfp~mfd~ kdnslv qlvon wk~efw dl~ yvwèkpf c~ cd ~ef bv~vwfp mkwjf~ kp bv~vwfp ofkrf slv ~l lyfd kdvdocmc~fn wcpj/ cd `kpf ~ef mkwjf~ alfp kakcdp~ slv$ Sf~ slv nl dl~ qkd~ ~l olpf ~eflyylw~vdc~s ~l gfdfbc~ bwlm ~ecp wcpf cd ywc`f nvf ~l ~ef kddlvd`fmfd~ kdn slv kwf wfkns ~lp~kjf k pmkoo pvm lb mldfs ~l wcn slvwpfob lb ~ef vd`fw~kcd~s$ Kd ly~cld cp cnfko blw slv$

Nfyfdncda ld qek~ cp krkcokgof cd ~ef ly~cldp mkwjf~/ slv mks gf kgof ~l gvs k `koo ly~cld

lb Wfockd`f k~ k p~wcjf ywc`f lb Wp369 k~ ywfpfd~/ gs ykscda k ywfmcvm lb Wp;9 yfw pekwfêf ~l~ko ywfmcvm ~ek~ slv qcoo ekrf ~l yks cp Wp 2/ 999/ pcd`f ldf `ld~wk`~ lb Wfockd`f`ldpcp~p lb 299 pekwfp$

Slv p~kw~ mkjcda ywlbc~p ld`f ~ef ywc`f lb Wfockd`f cd ~ef `kpe mkwjf~ `wlppfp Wp359 yfwpekwf %c$f$ slvw p~wcjf ywc`f lb Wp319 * ywfmcvm ykcn lb Wp;9#$


39/55


Dlq of~/p ~kjf k ollj k~ elq slvw cdrfp~mfd~ yfwblwmp vdnfw rkwclvp p`fdkwclp$ Cb ~ef KAMnlfp dl~ wfpvo~ cd kds pyf`~k`vokw kddlvd`fmfd~p kdn ~ef pekwf ywc`f wfmkcdp p~k~c` k~ Wp369lw nwcb~p olqfw ~l Wp309 gf`kvpf mkwjf~ yoksfwp kwf ncpkyylcd~fn/ slv `lvon koolq ~ef `koly~cld ld wfockd`f ~l okypf$ Cd ~ecp `kpf/ slvw olpp qlvon gf Wp;9 yfw pekwf/ kmlvd~cda ~l k~l~ko lb Wp2/ 999$ Elqfrfw/ ~ecdap `lvon ekrf gffd qlwpf cb slv ekn yvwèkpfn ~ef pkmfpekwfp cd ~ef `kpe mkwjf~ lw vd ~ef bv~vwfp pfamfd~$

Ld ~ef l~efw ekdn/ cb ~ef `lmykds mkjfp kd cmylw~kd~ kddlvd`fmfd~/ c~ qlvon wfpvo~ cd kalln kmlvd~ lb gvscda kdn ~ef pekwf ywc`f mks mlrf ~l Wp;/999$ Slv qlvon p~kdn ~l akcdWp79 yfw pekwf/c$f$ wp;/999 ofpp Wp359 %p~wcjf ywc`f lb Wp319 * ywfmcvm lb Wp;9#/ qecè qkpslvw `lp~ yfw pekwf$

Kp cd ~ef `kpf lb ~ef cdnfu `koo ly~cld/ ~ef qwc~fw lb ~ecp ly~cld qlvon p~kdn ~l akcd ldosqefd slv olpf kdn rc`f rfwpk/ kdn ~l ~ef pkmf fu~fd~ kp slvw akcd ,olpp$

Ywc`f lbWfockd`f

Ykslbb blw ~ef Wfockd`f @kooYvwèkpfw k~ P~wcjf Ywc`f lb Wp319

Ykslbb blw ~ef Wfockd`f @kooPfoofw k~ P~wcjf Ywc`f lb Wp319

Gfolq Wp319 @koo yvwèkpfw olpfp ~ef ywfmcvm êf ywfmcvm cp ~ef ly~cldqwc~fwp cd`lmf

Gf~qffd Wp319kdn Wp359

@koo yvwèkpfw wf`lrfwp ykw~ lb ~efywfmcvm fofmfd~ gv~ p~coo mkjcda kdlrfwkoo wcpj

êf ly~cld qwc~fw olpfp ykw~ lb ~efywfmcvm

K~ Wp359 @koo yvwèkpfw fufw`cpfp ~ef ly~cld êf ly~cld qwc~fw kopl gwfkjp frfdKglrf Wp359 @koo lqdfw fufw`cpfp ~ef ly~cld kdnmkjfp ywlbc~p

Ly~cld qwc~fw mkjfp olppfp ~ek~kwf f{vcrkofd~ ~l ~ef `koo lqdfwp

ywlbc~p$

Yvwèkpcda k `koo ly~cld

Slv mvp~ wfacp~fw qc~e k gwljfw gs fd~fwcda cd~l @ocfd~ Gwljfw Kawffmfd~ kdn `lmyof~cdakoo ~ef ofako blwmkoc~cfp$ Ld`f wfacp~fwfn slv `kd yok`f kd lwnfw blw kd ly~cld `ld~wk`~ gkpfnld slvw yfw`fy~cldp kglv~ ~ef bv~vwf mlrfmfd~p cd ~ef mkwjf~$

YKSMFD^P, MKWACDP CDRLORFN CD GVSCDA KDN PFOOCDA @KOO LY^CLDP

Gvscda ly~cldp

Qefd slv gvs kd ly~cld `ld~wk`~ slv yks ldos ~ef ywfmcvm blw ~ef ly~cld kdn dl~ ~ef bvooywc`f lb ~ef `ld~wk`~$ êf ywfmcvm cp ykskgof ~l ~ef gwljfw gkpfn ld ~ef `ld~wk`~ cppvfn ~lslv k~ ~ef fdn lb ~ef nks$ Slvw gwljfw ~efd ykppfp ~ecp ywfmcvm ~l ~ef fuèkdaf ld ~ef dfu~


40/55

Cdncwk Pèllo lb @kwffw Nfrfolymfd~/ Yvdf Ykaf >9

qlwjcda nks$ êfd fuèkdaf yksp ~ecp ywfmcvm ~l ~ef gwljfw lb ~ef pfoofw ly~cld/ qel cd~vwd ykppfp c~ ~l ecp òcfd~$

Pfoocda ly~cldp

Qecof ~ef gvsfw lb ~ef lycdcld ekp ~ef ockgcoc~s ~ek~ cp ocmc~fn ~l ~ef ywfmcvm ~ek~ ef mvp~yks/ ~ef pfoofw ekp k ocmc~fn akcd gv~ ecp yl~fd~cko olppfp kwf vdocmc~fn$ êfwfblwf/ ~ef pfoofwlb kd ly~cld ekp ~l nfylpc~ k mkwacd qc~e ~ef fuèkdaf/ rck ecp gwljfw/ kp pf`vwc~s cd `kpf lbkd knrfwpf mlrfmfd~ cd ~ef ywc`f lb ~ef ly~cldp ~ek~ ef ekp plon$ êf mkwacdp kwf ofrcfn ld~ef `ld~wk`~ rkovf kdn ~ef kmlvd~ %cd&~fwmp# ~ek~ ~ef pfoofw ekp ~l nfylpc~ cp nc`~k~fn gs ~effuèkdaf$ êcp kmlvd~ ~syc`koos wkdafp bwlm ;6& ~l kp ecae kp29& cd ~cmfp lb fu~wfmfrlok~coc~s$ Pl/ ~ef pfoofw lb k `koo ly~cld lb Wfockd`f k~ kp~wcjf ywc`f lb 319/ qel wf`fcrfn k

ywfmcvm lb Wp;9 yfw pekwf qlvon ekrf ~l nfylpc~ k mkwacd lb Wp;/;;/2>9/ kppvmcda kmkwacd lb 79& %79&lb 319(299#/ ko~elvae ~ef rkovf lb ~ecp lv~p~kdncda ylpc~cld cp

Wp6/57/999$

Pf~~ocda k `koo ly~cld

Qefd slv pfoo k `koo lw yvwèkpf kd cdnfu ly~cld/ slv `kd fc~efw fuc~ slvw ylpc~cld gfblwffuycws nk~f/ ~ewlvae kd lbbpf~~cda ~wknf cd ~ef mkwjf~/ lw elon slvw ylpc~cld lyfd ~coo ~efly~cld fuycwfp$ Pvgpf{vfd~os/ ~ef òfkwcdaelvpf pf~~ofp ~ef ~wknf$ Cd ~ef `kpf lb p~l`j ly~cldpslv `kd dfc~efw pfoo slvw olda ylpc~cldp lw gvs gk`j slvw pelw~ ylpc~cldp gfblwf ~ef fuycws lb~ef `ld ~wk`~ lw fufw`cpf slvw ly~cld kds~cmf ld lw gfblwf ~ef fuycws nk~f lb ~ef `ld~wk`~$

Blw ~ef gvsfw lb k `koo ly~cld

Qefd slv p{vkwf lbb slvw ylpc~cld gs pfoocda slvw ly~cldp cd ~ef mkwjf~/ kp ~ef pfoofw lb kdly~cld/ slv qcoo fkwd k ywfmcvm$ êf ncbbfwfd`f gf~qffd ~ef ywfmcvm k~ qecè slv glvae~~ef ly~cldp kdn ~ef ywfmcvm k~ qecè slv plon ~efm qcoo gf slvw ywlbc~ lw olpp$Cd `kpf slv fufw`cpf slvw ly~cld ld lw gfblwf ~ef fuycwk~cld nk~f/ ~ef p~l`j fuèkdaf qcoo`ko`vok~f ~ef ywlbc~ lw olpp ld slvw ylpc~cldp$ êcp cp gkpc`koos ~ef ncbbfwfd`f gf~qffd òlpcda

mkwjf~ ywc`f ld ~ef nks slv fufw`cpf ~ef ly~cld kdn ~ef p~wcjf ywc`f$slvw mkucmvm olpp qcoogf wfp~wc`~fn ~l ~ef ywfmcvm ykcn$


41/55

Cdncwk Pèllo lb @kwffw Nfrfolymfd~/ Yvdf Ykaf >;

Blw ~ef pfoofw lb k `koo ly~cld

Cb slv ekrf plon `koo ly~cldp kdn qkd~ ~l p{vkwf lbb slvw ylpc~cld/ slv qcoo ekrf ~l gvs gk`j~ef pkmf dvmgfw lb `koo ly~cldp ~ek~ slv ekrf qwc~~fd kdn ~efpf mvp~ gf cnfd~c`ko cd ~fwmp lb~ef vdnfwoscda p`wcy kdn mk~vwc~s nk~f ~l ~ef ldfp ~ek~ slv ekrf plon$ êf ywlbc~p kdn olppfpqcoo gf knhvp~fn cd kakcdp~ ~ef mkwacd ~ek~ slv ekrf ywlrcnfn ~l ~ef fuèkdaf$

Yv~ ly~cld

Qefd slv yvwèkpf k yv~ ly~cld c~ acrfp slv ~ef wcae~ ~l pfoo ~ef vdnfwoscda p~l`j lw cdnfuk~ k ywfnf~fwmcdfn ywc`f%p~wcjf ywc`f,fufw`cpf ywc`f# ld lw gfblwf k pyf`cbcfn nk~f cd ~efbv~vwf%fuycws nk~f#$

PCMCOKWC^CFP LB K @KOO KDN YV^ LY^CLD

K p~wcjf ywc`f kdn fuycws nk~f kwf ywfnf~fwmcdfn gs ~ef p~l`j fuèkdaf$ ef gvsfw lb k yv~ ly~cld yok`fp k gvs lwnfw/ ~ewlvae ecp gwljfw/ blw kd ly~cld ~ek~ cp

krkcokgof cd ~ef mkwjf~/ pyf`cbscda ~ef p~wcjf ywc`f kdn ~ef fuycws nk~f kdn elq mvè ef cpwfkns ~l yks blw ~ef ly~cld$

ef gvsfw lb ~ef yv~ ly~cld mvp~ yks k ywfmcvm/ qecè cp ykppfn ld ~l ~ef pfoofw gs ~effuèkdaf$

ef pfoofw mvp~ mkcd~kcd mkwacdp qc~e c~p gwljfw$ ef gvsfw lb k yv~ ly~cld `kd fufw`cpf ecp ly~cld ~l pfoo ~ef pekwfp ld lw gfblwf ~ef fuycws

nk~f cd ~ef `kpf lb p~l`j ly~cldp kdn ldos ld ~ef fuycws nk~f cd `kpf lb cdnfu ly~cldp$

ef gvsfw `lvon kopl pfoo lbb ~ef yv~ ly~cld ~l kdl~efw gvsfw gfblwf ~ef fuycws nk~f kdnwf`fcrf k ywfmcvm$


42/55


Coovp~wk~cld lb k yv~ ly~cld ld kd cdnfu

Pvyylpf ~ef dcb~s cp `vwwfd~os 0999ylcd~p kdn slv bffo gfkwcpe kglv~ ~ef mkwjf~ kdn fuyf`~~ef dcb~s ~l bkoo bwlm c~p ywfpfd~ ofrfop ~l kwlvdn 7399 qc~e cd k mld~e$ ^l mkjf ~ef mlp~ lbslvw rcfq lb ~ef mkwjf~/ slv `lvon yvwèkpf k ;-mld~e yv~ ly~cld qc~e k p~wcjf ywc`f lb7369$ Cb ~ef ywfmcvm blw ~ecp `ld~wk`~ cp Wp;9 yfw pekwf/ slv qcoo ekrf ~l yks vy Wp$;/999blw ~ef dcb~s yv~ ly~cld%;99vdc~p(Wp;9 yfw vdc~#

Cdnfu Ofrfop Ykslbb blw ~ef cdnfu yv~ yvwèkpfw Ykslbb blw ~ef cdnfu yv~ pfoofw

Kglrf 7369ofrfop Yv~ okypfp kdn ~ef yvwèkpfw olpfp~ef ywfmcvm

êf ywfmcvm cp ~ef ly~cldqwc~fwp cd`lmf

Gf~qffd 7369 kdn73>9 ofrfop

Yv~ yvwèkpfw wf`lrfwp ykw~ lb ecpywfmcvm gv~ p~coo mkjfp kd lrfwkooolpp

êf ly~cld qwc~fw olpfp ykw~ lb~ef cd`lmf ~ek~ ef ekp wf`fcrfn

K~ 73>9 ofrfop Yv~ yvwèkpfw gwfkjp frfd cb ~efly~cld cp fufw`cpfn

êf ly~cld qwc~fw kopl gwfkjpfrfd

Gfolq 73>9 ofrfop Yv~ lqdfw mkjfp ywlbc~p cb ~ef ly~cldcp fufw`cpfn

Ly~cld qwc~fw mkjfp olpfp

Coovp~wk~cld lb k yv~ ly~cld ld p~l`jp

Yv~ ly~cldp ld p~l`jp kopl qlwj ld ~ef pkmf qks kp `koo ly~cldp ld p~l`jp$ Kppvmcda slvgfocfrf ~ef ywc`f lb ~ef Wfockd`f qcoo bkoo bwlm c~p `vwwfd~ ofrfo lb Wp369 yfw pekwf$ ^l mkjf

~ef mlp~ lb k bkoo cd ~ef ywc`f/ slv `lvon gvs k yv~ ly~cld ld wfockd`f/ k~ ~ef p~wcjf ywc`f lbWp309 k~ k mkwjf~ nf~fwmcdfn ywfmcvm lb pks Wp;9 yfw pekwf$ Slv qlvon ekrf ~l yksWp2/999 kp ywfmcvm %299 pekwfp( Wp;9 yfw pekwf# ~l yvwèkpf ldf yv~ ly~cld ld Wfockd`f$

Ywc`f lb Wfockd`f Ykslbb bcw ~ef Wfockd`f Yv~Yvwèkpfw

Ykslbb blw ~ef Wfockd`f yv~Pfoofw

Kglrf Wp309 Yv~ okypfp kdn ~ef yvwèkpfw olpfp~ef ywfmcvm

êf ywfmcvm cp ~ef ly~cldqwc~fwp cd`lmf

Gf~qffdWp379kdn Wp309

Yv~ yvwèkpfw wf`lrfwp ykw~ lb ecpywfmcvm gv~ p~coo mkjfp kd lrfwkoo

olpp

êf ly~cld qwc~fw olpfp ykw~ lb~ef cd`lmf ~ek~ ef ekp wf`fcrfn

K~ Wp379 Yv~ yvwèkpfw gwfkjp frfd cb ~efly~cld cp fufw`cpfn

êf ly~cld qwc~fw kopl gwfkjpfrfd

Gfolq 379 ofrfop Pekwf ywc`f ~vmgofp ~l pks Wp399kdn ~ef yv~ lqdfw fufw`cpfp ecply~cld ~l mkjf ywlbc~p$

êf lv~ pfoofw mkjfp olpfp ~ek~kwf f{vcrkofd~ ~l ~ef yv~

yvwèkpfwp ywlbc~p$


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@LRFWFN KDN DKJFN LY^CLDP

Qecof ~ef gvsfw lb ~ef ly~cld ekp ocmc~fn p`lyf blw olpfp/ ef `lvon mkjf vdocmc~fn ywlbc~p/ cb~ef mkwjf~ mlrfp p~wldaos cd ecp bkrlvw$ êf pfoofw lb kd ly~cld/ ld ~ef l~efw ekdn/ ldosp~kdnp ~l gfdfbc~ bwlm ~ef ywfmcvm ~ek~ ef wf`fcrfp gv~ `lvon olpf `ldpcnfwkgos$pl/ nlfp ~ecpmfkd ~ek~ kd ly~cld pfoofw mvp~ df`fppkwcos gf kd cd~wfycn pyf`vok~lw< Dl/ slv `lvon pfoo `kooly~cldp cd lwnfw ~l efnaf slvw cdrfp~mfd~p lw wfnv`f ~ef `lp~ lb slvw cdrfp~mfd~p$ Elqfrfw~ef ncbbfwfd`f cp ~ek~ slv mvp~ k`~vkoos elon ~ef vdnfwoscda pekwfp lb ~ef `koop ~ek~ slv pfoo$êfpf kwf `koofn @LRFWFN LY^CLDP$

Pvyylpf slv k`~vkoos elon299 pekwfp lb Wfockd`f cd slvw nfmk~ k``lvd~$ Cb slv nl dl~fuyf`~ kds mkhlw mlrfmfd~p cd ~ef ywc`f lb Wfockd`f cd ~ef `kpe mkwjf~ kdn qcpe ~l wfnv`f~ef `lp~ lb ~efpf pekwfp/ slv `lvon pfoo k `koo ly~cld ~l ~ef fu~fd~ lb ~ef pekwfp ~ek~ slv elonêcp gf`lmfp k `lrfwfn `koo$ Cb slv nld~ fuyf`~ ~ef ywc`f lb ~ef Wfockd`f ~l al gfsldnwp369 yfw pekwf/ slv mks pfoo k Wfockd`f `koo k~ k p~wcjf ywc`f lb Wp369 blw k ywfmcvm lbWp79$ Slv qcoo wf`fcrf k ~l~ko ywfmcvm lb Wp;7/999 %Wp79 ( 299 pekwfp#$

Dkjfn `koop lw yv~p

Qefd slv pfoo k dkjfn `koo lw yv~ ly~cld/ slv ekrf dl vdnfwoscda kppf~p lw lyfd ylpc~cld cd~ef bv~vwfp mkwjf~ ~l ywl~f`~ slv bwlm kd vdocmc~fn olpp/ cb ~ef mkwjf~ alfp kakcdp~ slv$êfpf ~syf lb ly~cldp kwf plon gs pyf`vok~lwp qel bffo rfws p~wldaos kglv~ ~ef ncwf`~cld lb

kd cdnfu lw ~ef ywc`f lb k p~l`j kdn/ cb mkwjf~ nlfp al kakcdp~ ~efm/ ~efs mks ~ws ~l pkorkaf~ef pc~vk~cld gs lbbpf~~cda ~efcw ly~cld pkof gs yvwèkpcda cnfd~c`ko ly~cldp lw ~efs mks`ldpcnfw ~kjcda vy k ylpc~cld cd ~ef bv~vwfp mkwjf~ ~ek~ qcoo dvoocbs ~ef olppfp mknf ~ewlvaepfoocda k dkjfn `koo lw yv~$


44/55

Cdncwk Pèllo lb @kwffw Nfrfolymfd~/ Yvdf Ykaf >>

@EKY^FW >

Ldocdf ~wkncda

Gkpc` cd~wlnv ~cld kglv~ ldocdf ~wkncda ^wkncda ~llop ywlrcnfn gs JFK^

Fkps vpkaf lb ~ef plb~qkwf

QEK^ CP LDOCDF ^WKNCDA$ Ykppylw~6$ Gkdj p~k~fmfd~ pelqcda ok~fp~ ~wkdpk`~cldp2$ @ef{vf ofkb lb mkwacd mldfs1$ Dkmf nfòkwk~cld %cb wf{vcwfn#5$ Yel~l`lys lb ~ef ywfrclvp eloncdap %cb kds#3$ Pcadk~vwfp lb ~ef òcfd~;9$ Qc~dfpp pcadk~vwfp;;$ Yel~lawkye lb k dlmcdff kdn ecp pcadk~vwfp;7$ fmkco cn lb ~ef òcfd~êf òcfd~ `kd af~ ecp k``lvd~ ocdjfn ~l ~ef lwakdcxk~cld cb ef,pef cp ekrcda k pkrcda k``lvd~cd fc~efw lb ~ef bloolqcda gkdjp8 ENB@/ C@C@C/ Jl~kj Mkecdnwk Gkdj lw V^C$ êcp qcoo efoy~ef òcfd~ cd fkps mldfs ~wkdpbfw kp kdn qefd wf{vcwfn gs ~ef òcfd~$


45/55


GWLJFWKAF @EEKWAFP QCÊ JL^KJ

Nfocrfws

Ofpp ~ekd ;okje 9$63& Jl~kj Ak~fqksK``lvd~

;-6 okje 9$66&

6-;9 okje 9$>6&

;9-79 okje 9$02&

79-29 okje 9$71& Jl~kj Rkovf K``lvd~

29okje-7 `wlwf 9$70&

awfk~fw ~ekd 7`wlwf 9$;5& Jl~kj Ywcrcofaf `cwòf

@kpe p{vkwcda vy

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76okjep-7 wlwfp 9$96&gl~e pcnfp Jl~kj Rkovf K``lvd~

7`wlwfp-6`wlwfp 9$9>&gl~e pcnfp Jl~kj Ywcrcofaf cwòf

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Nfwcrk~crfp

Nkcos P{$ vy Pf~~ofmfd~

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7-6$6 `wlwfp 9$>6& gl~e pcnfp 9$910& gl~e pcnfp- Jl~kj Rkovf K``lvd~

6$6-;9 `wlwfp 9$02& gl~e pcnfp 9$9>2& gl~e pcnfp

;9-76 `wlwfp 9$71& gl~e pcnfp 9$9>2& gl~e pcnfp- Jl~kj ywfrcofaf K,`

Awfk~fw ~ekd 76 `wlwfp 9$70& gl~e pcnfp 9$907& gl~e pcnfp

êfpf èkwafp kwf dfal~ckgof kdn `kd gf bvw~efw wfnv`fn cb ~ef òcfd~ cp kgof ~l ywlnv`f ~ef`ld~wk`~ dl~f lb ecp fkwocfw ~wkncda qc~e plmf l~efw lwakdcpk~cld ~l ~ef `lmykds$


46/55


DL^F8

Pfwrc`f ~ku lb ;9$7& lb gwljfwkaf qcoo gf èkwafn cd knnc~cld$ Pf`vwc~cfp ^wkdpk`~cld ^ku%P^^# I9$;& lb ~vwdlrfw qcoo gf èkwafn cd knnc~cld ld koo

nfocrfws ~wknfp$ P^^ I9$97& qcoo gf èkwafn ld dld nfocrfws ~wknfp cd ~ef `kpe mkwjf~$ P^^ I9$9;00& qcoo gf èkwafn ld dld nfocrfws ~wknfp cd nfwcrk~crfp mkwjf~$

P@EFNVOF LB NY @EKWAFP QCÊ JL^KJ

Pw$Dl$

K``lvd~ Efkn Wk~f McdcmvmYkskgof

; Nfmk~fwckocpk~cld Wp$ 0,-yfw `fw~cbc`k~f yovp

Wp$76,-yfw wf{vfp~7 Wfmk~fwckocpk~cld 9$9>&lb ~ef rkovf lb

pf`vwc~cfpWp$;6,-

0 Mkwjf~ ^wkdpk`~cld%pfoo# 9$9>& lb ~ef rkovf lbpf`vwc~cfp

Wp$70,-

> Lbb Mkwjf~ ^wkdpk`~cld%pfoo# 9$9>& lb ~ef rkovf lbpf`vwc~cfp

Wp$70,-

6 K``lvd~ Mkcd~kcdfd`f@ekwafp

Wp$09,-yfw mld~e -

2 Yofnaf èkwafp 9$96& lb ~ef rkovf lbpf`vwc~cfp

Wp$09,-

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Wp$09,-

5 Glwwlqcda lb pf`vwc~cfp 9$96& lb ~ef rkovf lbpf`vwc~cfp

Wp$09,-

êfwf kwf dl èkwafp ykskgof k~ ~ef ~cmf lb lyfdcda k``lvd~$ Koo l~efw èkwafp qcoo gfgcoofn ld k mld~eos gkpcp$

Cd `kpf lb nfoksp cd ~ef yksmfd~ lb èkwafp/ ~ef nfmk~ k``lvd~ `kd gf bwlxfd blw koolyfwk~cldp cd pvè ~cmf koo nvfp kwf òfkwfn$

Koo mkwjf~ cdp~wv`~cldp blw ~wkdpbfw mvp~ gf wf`fcrfn ok~fp~ gs >$99y$m$ ld ~ef ywfrclvpqlwjcda nks ywclw ~l ~ef yks cd nks kp yfw PFGC avcnfocdfp$

Koo cdp~wv`~cldp blw ~wkdpbfw mvp~ gf wf`fcrfn k~ ofkp~ >5 elvwp gfblwf ~ef fuf`v~cld nk~fOk~f cdp~wv`~cldp qlvon gf fuf`v~fn k~ ~ef k``lvd~ elonfwp wcpj kdn wfpyldpcgcoc~s$


47/55


@ekwafp kwf pvghf`~fn ~l wfrcpcld k~ ~ef `lmykdsp plof nfp`wf~cld kdn kp yfw wfrcpcldp cdDPNO èkwafp$

Kds pfwrc`f dl~ {vl~fn kglrf qcoo gf èkwafn pfykwk~fos$ Rkovf lb ~wkdpk`~cld qcoo gf cd k``lwnkd`f qce wk~fp ywlrcnfn gs ~ef nfylpc~lws$ Pfwrc`f ~ku kdn l~efw p~k~v~lws èkwafp cb kyyoc`kgof qcoo kopl gf ofrcfn$

Ncbbfwfd~ ~syfp lb lwnfwp ~ek~ `kd gf yok`fn ld Jl~kj Pf`vwc~cfp$`lm

;$Dlwmko lwnfwp 8 Qefd slv pfoo pekwfp qc~elv~ mkwjcda nfocrfws c~ cp ~wfk~fn kp k pelw~ pkofkdn qlvon gf fuf`v~fn cb ~efwf kwf pvbbc`cfd~ bvdnp krkcokgof ~l fuf`v~f ~ef ~wkdpk`~cldp$

7$Nfocrfws mkbj lwnfwp 8 êcp cd~cmk~fp ~ef psp~fm ~l ~kjf nfocrfws blw ~ef lwnfw yok`fn$ Slvdffn dl~ mkwj nfocrfws blw k gvs lwnfw/ gf`kvpf cb slv nld~ p{vkwf-lbb ~ef ~wkdpk`~cld/ ~efpsp~fm kv~lmk~c`koos ~kjfp nfocrfws$ Cd `kpf slv mkwj nfocrfws blw k pfoo lwnfw/ ~efd c~ cpdl~ wf`j

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