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School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 1
SUMMER INTERNSHIP 2010
PROJECT REPORT
Identification of Implementation Hindrances and Recommendation of mitigation measure in Project UDAY, Bhopal.
Soumyasankha Maiti
Post Graduate Diploma In Management (Rural Management)
XAVIER INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, BHUBANESWAR
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 2
CONTENTS
Abbreviations and Acronyms 4
Acknowledgement 6
Executive Summary 10
Research Objective & RESEARCH METHODS 11 Stakeholders 12 Brighter Aspects of the Project UDAY 13 Snapshot of the Technical problem and corresponding recommendation 15 Snapshot of the Administrative problems and corresponding Recommendation
17
Snapshot of the External problems and corresponding Recommendation 18
Project Brief 19
Components of the Projects 20 Projects Hierarchy 25 Role & Responsibility of the different project department 26
Research Details 33
Research Objective & Research Methodologies 34 Stakeholders and their involvement in the project 37 Brighter Aspects of the Project UDAY 42 Technical problems and corresponding recommendations 45 Administrative problems and corresponding Recommendations 50 External problems and corresponding Recommendations 53
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 3
Reference 56
Appendices 57
Letter of achievement of Environmental Safeguard
Letter of clearance from Railway department
Letter of clearance from National Highway Department
Letter of clearance from Power Supply authority
News paper report published in Dainik Bhaskar
Time line followed
Conducting surveys in a community near Matamnadir
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 4
Abbreviations and Acronyms:
ADB Asian Development Bank
ADP Annual Development Plan
AIF Area Improvement Fund
BMC Bhopal Municipal Corporation
BME Benefit Monitoring and Evaluation
BOO Build Own Operate
BPL Bhopal
BPT Break Pressure Tank
BOT Build Operate Transfer
BOOT Build Own Operate Transfer
CBO Community Based Organization
CEO Chief Executive Officer
CIF Community Initiative Fund
CLSC City Level Steering Committee
DFID Department for International Development
DIF Directorate of Institutional Finance
DSC Design and Supervision Consultant
DUAD EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
EIRR Economic Internal Rate of Return
FAP Financial Action Plan
FGD Focus Group Discussion
FIAP Financial Improvement Action Plan
FIRR Financial Internal Rate of Return
GIS Geographical Information System
GOI Government of India
GOMP Government of Madhya Pradesh
LCB Local Competitive Bidding
MC Municipal Corporation
M&E Mechanical and Electrical
MIC Mayor-in-Council
MIS Management Information System
MLD Million liters per day
MP Madhya Pradesh
NGO Non Government Organization
O&M Operation and Maintenance
PAM Project Administration Memorandum
PAP Project Affected People
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 5
PHED Public Health Engineering Department
PIU Project Implementation Unit
PMC Project Management Consultant
PMU Project Management Unit
PPP Public/Private Partnership
PRC Public Relations Consultant
PSP Private Sector Participation
PWD Public Works Department
QA/QC Quality Assurance/ Quality Control
SLC State Level Committee
SPS Sewerage Pumping Station
STP Sewerage Treatment Plant
SWM Solid Waste Management
TA Technical Assistance
ToR Terms of Reference
TCPO Town & Country Planning Office
ULB Urban Local Body
VGF Viability Gap Funding
WAC Water for Asian Cities
WACC Weighted Average Cost of Capital
WPS Water Pumping Station
WRD Water Resources Department (GoMP)
WSOP Water Supply Optimization Programme
WTP Water Treatment Plant
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 6
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I express my heartiest note of thanks to the School Of Good Governance and Policy Analysis for providing me the exposure to be attached with a Government
Consultancy work. I am grateful to the Urban Administration and Development Department, Madhya Pradesh for giving me the opportunity to experience the
functioning of such a huge budget and impactful sustainable scheme -----Project UDAY. I would like to thank the following contributions in successful completion of this
project.
Honorary Thanks Mr. Shekhar Dutt
His Excellency, Governor of Chattisgarh
Providing time to listen my project brief and gave a valuable insight about working as Government Consultant.
Mr. U. K. Sadhav
Additional Director , UADD , Government of Madhya Pradesh
Provided important feedback to finalize my project objective. Found time in spite of his busy schedule to understand the interim progress thoroughly check my recommendation and provided feedback.
Prof. H.P. Dikshit
Director General, SGPA
Providing Valuable insights to the findings and giving suggestion about future work. Through review of work and constant support and ideas for future.
Mentor
Mrs. Deepti Gaur Mukerjee
Project Director,(IAS) Project UDAY, UADD , Government of Madhya Pradesh
Guided me to finalize my project objective and provided the initial guidelines of the research in spite of her extremely busy schedule.
Mr. Srinivas Prasad
Project Officer Project UDAY, UADD , Government of Madhya Pradesh
Guided from the beginning and provided all sorts of assistance from contacts to previous project report. Provided the deep insight about the Project Management.
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 7
Guidance
Mr. Akhilesh Argal
Director , Governance, SGPA
Constant guidance and valuable suggestion for execution of the research.
Dr. Umesh Pandey
Director , Knowledge Management, SGPA
Providing guidance and support throughout. Coordinating with mentors and coordination the internship programme.Always inspired to excel in my research work.
Dr. Syed Mohd. Hyder Rigvi
Director , Policy Analysis, SGPA
Providing guidance and ideas about research implementation, finding analysis and suggested valuable inputs regarding recommendation.
Special Notes of Thanks
Mr.Ashok Srivastava
Project Implementation Officer, Asian Development Bank.
Provided a deep insight about social inclusion, Uniqueness of ADB funded project and financially self sustainable project model.
Shri. C S Sankule
DPD(T), Project UDAY, UADD , Government of Madhya Pradesh
Guided with his technical advices to through execution of the project. Thoroughly checked my recommendation and provided feedback.
Shri. K C Nagar
DPD(A), Project UDAY, UADD , Government of Madhya Pradesh
Provided me the Authority letter to ensure my visit with different stakeholders.Provided important feedback to finalize my project objective. Found time in spite of his busy schedule to thoroughly check my recommendation and provided feedback.
Mr. Rakesh Shrivastava
Procurement Officer, Project UDAY, UADD , Government of Madhya Pradesh
Provided a through insight about the project execution, procurement methodology. Provided important feedback about research methodology and implementation strategy.
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 8
Mr. Rajesh Bisharia
Project Manager, PIU, Project UDAY, UADD , Government of Madhya Pradesh
Provided a through insight about the project implementation, Found time in spite of his busy schedule to thoroughly check my recommendation and provided feedback
Mr. R. N. Chaturvedi
Dy Team Leader, DSC Project UDAY, UADD , Government of Madhya Pradesh
Provided a through insight about the project implementation, different aspect of consultancy, details of bidding process Found time in spite of his busy schedule to thoroughly check my recommendation and provided feedback
Mr. Sashikant Sharma
Legal Advisory Officer, PIU, Project UDAY, UADD , Government of Madhya Pradesh
Provided information regarding ground level reality in legal aspect of the project implementation.
Thanks for your assistance
Mr. Saurabh Bansal
Programme Coordinator, Knowledge Management , SGPA
Guided with his technical advices to through execution of the research.
Mr. Amit Srivastav
Programme Coordinator, Policy Analysis, SGPA
Assisting in different phase of the project regarding initial methodology, presentation, report and suggestion.
Mrs. Richa Mishra
Programme Coordinator, Governance, SGPA
Assisting in different phase of the project regarding initial methodology, presentation, report and suggestion.
Mr. Gaurav Khare
Project Officer, KM, SGPA
Assisting in different phase of the project regarding initial methodology, presentation, report and suggestion.
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 9
Mr. Gaurav Agarwal
Project Officer , Policy Analysis, SGPA
Assisting in different phase of the project regarding initial methodology, presentation, report and suggestion.
Mr. Amitava Srivastav
Manager ,KAIR, SGPA
Assisting in different phase of the project regarding initial methodology, presentation, report and suggestion.
Shri Paras Jain APO, Project UDAY, UADD , Government of Madhya Pradesh
Provided report of the PMC to finalize my research methodology.
Mr. Atul Saxena
Asst Legal Advisory Officer, PIU, Project UDAY, UADD , Government of Madhya Pradesh
Provided information regarding ground level reality in legal aspect of the project implementation.
Mr. Sanjeev Galao Construction Engineer , DSC
Provided information regarding ground level reality in water supply project implementation.
Mr. Amit Mathur Construction Engineer, DSC
Provided information regarding ground level reality in waste water project implementation.
Mr. Narendra.
Project Manager, Ramky Infrastructure
Provided information regarding ground level reality in project implementation.
Mr. A. Jayjeet Deputy News Editor, Dainik Bhaskar
Providing a through insight regarding Project „UDAY‟ from the angle of responsible journalism.
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 10
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 11
Research Objective
“To find out the hindrances in the Implementation of Project UDAY in Bhopal and recommend some corrective measure to mitigate the same in future application.”
RESEARCH METHODS
Different standard methodologies had been used to conduct the research.
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 12
STAKEHOLDERS
All the stakeholders directly or indirectly connected to the implementation, execution and
the impact of the project „UDAY‟ are identified to have a holistic view about the level of
involvement of all the entities.
Project
UDAY Community
ADB
UN-HABITAT
Civil
Society Contractors
Electrical Dept,
Telephone Dept,
MPRDC
PRC
Pollution
Control
Board
MEDIA
UADD
PMU
PIU
DSC
MIC
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 13
Brighter Aspects of the Project UDAY
“Team UDAY has done a commendable job till date and I hope
this project will be used as model project in future
implementation”
… Mr. Ashok Srivastava (PIO, ADB)
„Charity begins at home‟. Government service is the basic service that is available to every
citizen from the day one. Water is the one of the most basic amenities that Government
provider to the citizen. Driven by the vision of “Safe, sustainable water for all”.
The major highpoints of this project are as follows
Self sustainable model
The project UDAY is the Flagship project where self sustainable revenue generating model
will be implemented considering futuristic demand estimation, community participation and
ownership, an integrated approach to managing water from source to sink and the effective
use of technology as enabler.
Transparent financial accounting
Payments will be processed by the PIU and will be made from BMC Special account for the
Project. All the payments will be made within the time stipulated in the contract document.
A difference financial department is there under PMU to maintain regular accounting.
Participatory Approach/Ownership
Communities are at the receiving of the project. In general it seldom happens that the
community were being involved even before implementation or design started for the
project. A special Public relational consultancy was hired just to ensure participation of
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 14
the community at the decision making process to build a feelings of ownership among
the community member.
Team Building
Team „UDAY‟ was formed by choosing the people from different government
organization in deputation as per the required skill set. Initially no trainings are provided
and it was very difficult for the resources to switch from MP department manual work
mode to ADB work mode very smoothly. It is an excellent team work under the able
guidance of the management made successful implementation of the project possible.
Environmental safeguards achieved
As ADB has a strict guideline regarding environmental safeguard it was assured that the
clearance certificates are in place from the pollution control board and the forest
department.
Hindrances and Recommendation
Different stakeholders had faced different obstacles/hindrances at different phases of
the project. All the implementation hindrances are captured after consulting with all the
stakeholders for several times. All the predefined research methodologies are used to
extract these insights from the stakeholders. The hindrances can be classified into three
broad categories namely:
Administrative
Technical
Others / External problems
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 15
Snapshot of the Technical problem and corresponding recommendation
Problem Faced Recommendation
Non availability of drawing/
network map of the existing water
supply lines, telephone wires and
cables at Project HQ.
Before starting of the project a feasibility
study of the underground utilities is
strongly recommended. If it is required an
initial budget should be allotted to prepare
the Geographical Information System map
of the underground utilities of the project
site. In fact a proper coordination is
required among BMC, BSNL, MPRDC, UADD
and private player to share an existing
underground network cable map with
various development agencies. This
consolidated map can be used for any
developmental project in future and will
benefit all the stakeholders.
Due to topography of Bhopal
excavation takes much longer time
that delays the process in and
around 30 %.
At the time of initial planning of budget,
resource allocation or time estimation PMU
should consider the topography of Bhopal as
the most critical factor behind the fail of the
project. It is strongly recommended that
before even starting of initial planning a
PMC should be appointed to identify the
possible hindrances that can
unconstructively affect the project. The
hard rock topographical impediment should
be briefed to all the effectible stakeholders
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 16
well in advance and also to the funding
agency. A strategic blueprint to alleviate
this problem should be prepared by the
PMU before start of designing both
technically and financially. This ground
reality of the topography of Bhopal need to
be discussed at the pre bidding workshop
with the contractors also. Need to consider
the upgraded technically proficient
Construction firms when selection of
contractor happened. A cost benefit
analysis can be done to do the feasibility
study of the usage of Horizontal drill in
project execution.
Identification of exact location of
leakage of water is very difficult
in the hard rock areas, densely
populated areas due to absences of
proper leak detection mechanism.
Technically Usage of electronic sounding
rod particularly at the joint of two valves is
recommended. PMU and PIU should give
also equal importance as per with
implementation of new water supply line.
Change in mindsets as detection of old
leakage and repairing as a thankless job
needs to be addressed and expertise with
proper training and skill set needs to be
appointed for this purpose. The work for
leak detection should start parallely with
new water supply line project that will save
lots of time and money related to
excavation etc.
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 17
Snapshot of Administrative problems and related Recommendation
Problem Faced Recommendation
Delay in work due to rigid, strict
guidelines of ADB, the funding
agency.
ADB should have flexible guidelines
adjustable to critical project requirement.
Some of the critical points need to be
identified by the PMU, PIU, DSC and
Contractors and a consolidated report
should be given to the ADB requesting
them to mention the best possible
alternative arrangement for those critical
point of the project to ensure no delay in
the project.
Project Staff Mobilization
problems
When forming a project team a choice for
the human resource manager is very
important. In regular interval a carrier
counseling of the particular resource with
the departmental HR should be arranged to
decide a sort term carrier goal and
strategy. As they resources involved in the
project developed certain skill set
Government should consider them to create
a talent pool and in future application they
should get preference to work in project in
higher roles.
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 18
Snapshot of the External problems and corresponding Recommendation
Problem Faced Recommendation
Legal dispute due to required land
acquisition in project site.
A high level coordination committee
between the BMC, Railway board, National
highway, Forest department needs to be
formed. This committee will be responsible
to meet at the beginning of the year and
will discuss their annual future plan for next
one or two years with each others. In this
common forum a master strategy plan will
be approved by the coordination committee
to avoid any land acquisition and transfer
problem in future.
Less awareness/ late decision of
the public about the sewer line
causes lot of rework.
Initial involvement of the community
particularly of the urban slum dwellers
must be ensured before starting of the
project.PRC should come into action at the
time of planning itself. Formation of women
self help group, small vocational or
livelihood training through local NGO ,
arranging a health camp in the locality to
convey the message of health benefit and a
mass awareness campaign regarding the
long term benefit about the waste water
project should be arranged.
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 19
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 20
PROJECT BRIEF
The primary objective of the project is to promote sustainable growth and poverty reduction
in the four project cities in Madhya Pradesh, and thereafter in the other cities in the state.
Specifically, the Project will:
Provide sustainable basic urban infrastructure and services to all citizens of the four project
cities; and
Strengthen the capacities of the project cities to plan and manage urban water supply and
sanitation system in a more effective, transparent, and sustainable manner.
While the Project will benefit the entire urban community in general, some components will
focus on upgrading the conditions of the poorest and most needy groups in the slum areas
in particular. The Project will also promote active participation of women citizens in
municipal management and project implementation as both beneficiaries and agents.
The Project comprises three parts;
Part A: Urban Water Supply and Environmental Improvement
1. Water Supply
The first priority of the water supply component under the Project is to undertake an
integral program of system optimization distribution network expansion or source
augmentation.
The optimization program includes;
(i) distribution network mapping & hydraulic analysis;
(ii) leak detection, waste control and metering program;
(iii) a water and power audit of production, treatment and distribution;
A program of water demand management training and public awareness. A strategic long-
term principle of such program is to provide a metered, 24-hour supply to all urban
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 21
households. Pilot schemes for introducing the 24 hour metered supply will be conducted in
selected areas during the Project implementation. This component will include;
(i) The optimization of present systems including reducing non-revenue water by
regularizing unauthorized connections and stopping leakages,
(ii) The expansion of the distribution system into un-served areas, and
(iii) The augmentation of the surface water source (intake and water treatment plant) as
required.
2. Sewerage and Sanitation
The sewerage component is also proposed for high-density city center areas and other
appropriate areas. Sewage treatment plants have been proposed and constructed at
suitable locations. In lower density areas, on-site sanitation may be continued to be used
with the Provision for emptying septic tanks. Sewerage schemes are included for all Project
cities. In all cities, community sanitation blocks will be provided for urban poor settlements
where on-plot latrines are not possible.
3. Storm Water Drainage
This component is proposed to improve the storm water flow in urban drainage networks,
based on citywide drainage master plans and designs. Roadside drains will be improved
to alleviate major inundation from rainfall and reduce water logging problems within the
core urban areas. Storm water drain schemes are proposed for Gwalior, Jabalpur and
Ratlam.
4. Solid Waste Management
This component is proposed to increase the efficiency of the collection and disposal
service of solid waste and to extend the coverage. The targets are to cover maximum of
households in urban centers, and in peripheral areas. Programs for each Project city
include the supply of community waste collection containers,
1. The supply of compactor trucks and dumper placer vehicles
2. Civil works to construct sanitary landfill site with provision of refuse disposal
handling equipment and other facilities.
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 22
Part B: Public Participation and Awareness Program
1. Funds for Municipal Action Planning for Poverty Reduction (MAPP)
The objective of the MAPP process is to integrate the provision of tertiary urban
services for urban poor settlements into citywide development, and to build capacity within
the municipal corporations for participatory planning with community groups, using social
and poverty analysis. For this purpose, two specific funds are provided under the Project
based on the successful experience in the state of Andhra Pradesh. The Area Improvement
Fund (AIF) is available to municipal corporations annually within the framework of the
MAPP, which is prepared by each project city corporation. Eligible schemes include
integrated upgrading of slum and poor settlements for improved water supply, sanitation,
drains, roads, and street lighting. The total value of the AIF is $5 million. The Community
Initiatives Fund (CIF) will be available to communities within slums identified through the
MAPP process to finance social sector and nonphysical initiatives. The participatory
appraisal exercise during the TA identified a priority need for community centers,
education, income-generating schemes, and local health care support facilities. Local
NGOs will be engaged to assist in the MAPP process in each project city. The participating
NGOs will have experience working with government agencies and communities in
participatory planning and implementing environmental and slum improvement projects.
2. Water for Asian Cities Program in India
ADB and UN-HABITAT have jointly developed a collaborative framework for the Water for
Asian Cities Program in India. According to this framework, the Water for Asian Cities
Program will cover capacity building, awareness, advocacy, and education activities in
urban water conservation and demand management, among others. The overriding thrust
of the water for Asian cities program is to enhance capacity at city, country and regional
levels and to create an enabling environment for new flows of investments in the urban
water and sanitation sector, with a view to meet the water and sanitation related goals in
Asian cities.
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 23
Part C: Implementation Assistance
1. Project Management Consultancy (PMC)
The primary functions of the PMC is to build up the capacity of the PMU on a sustained
basis and generally assist the PMU and PIUs in developing working procedures and quality
control for smooth implementation of the Project, and to provide training and capacity
building for long-term sustainability. The consulting services are being provided over the
duration of Project implementation.
2. Design and Supervision Consultancy (DSC)
The objective of the DSC is to prepare detailed designs of the various investments
Components for each of the Project cities, prepare technical specifications and contract
documents, assist in construction supervision and quality control of the works,
measurements, billing and submission of claim of payments to the contractors and carry
out the technical design and water optimization studies under the Project. Two packages
for domestic consulting services are included: one for the works in Bhopal, Gwalior, and
Jabalpur (DSC East) and one for the works in Indore, (DSC West). The DSCs, reporting to
the concerned PIU head in each city, works under the overall supervision of the PMU.
3. Public Relations Consultancy (PRC)
The Public relations and awareness Program (PRAP) is a critical component to be
implemented within the demand-driven approach of the UWSEIMP. Through the program, it
is expected that the communities will become more aware of and have a greater
involvement in the Project. The PRAP is designed to promote and sustain intensive public/
community involvement and participation in all components of the project and, by asking
community support and participation, will make a significant contribution towards sustaining
the long-term benefits of the overall project within each of the four Project Cities. The
Project will have Public relations consultant for design, implementation and administration
of the PRAP. An awareness campaign through various media means will
be undertaken to make the public aware of the short-term inconveniences and long-
term benefits of the project in order to gain full support of the beneficiaries for the Project.
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 24
Beneficiaries would be also made aware of preventive care to avoid environmental health-
related hazards and of their responsibilities to avoid the wastage of water, including issues
such as water rates, user charges and property tax reform, etc. for achieving the goals of
the Project. In addition, it will provide feedback to the PMU with a view to adjusting the work
program based on the impact of the campaign and concerns raised by the beneficiaries.
4. Benefit monitoring and Evaluation (BME)
Domestic consultants have been separately engaged by the PMU to undertake the BME
with the objective of identifying and evaluating the broad acroeconomic, socio-economic
and environmental impact of the Project in the project cities and to ensure that the
investment components are managed efficiently and the benefits reach the target groups.
BME consultants are working under the guidance of PMC and PMU. Beneficial impact of all
the project components is being assessed by the BME consultant for all four project cities.
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 25
PROJECT HIERARCHY
ADB GOI
MP Government
Empowered Committee
Project
Management
Consultant
Project Implementation Unit (PIU)
Design & Service Consultant (DSC)
UADD
Project Management
Unit (PMU)
Public
Relation Unit
(PRU)
CITY
STEERING
COMMITTEE
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 26
ADB: Asian Development Bank
Republic of India has signed a loan agreement with the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to
assist the State of Madhya Pradesh for development of water supply, sanitation and
drainage, solid waste management (environmental improvement as a whole) and capacity
building of urban local bodies. In an effort to ameliorate problems associated with
insufficient infrastructure, and the negative health consequences which ensue from such
inadequacies, the State of Madhya Pradesh, in collaboration with the Asian Development
Bank, decided for implementing the comprehensive Urban water Supply and Environmental
improvement in Madhya Pradesh Project (UWSEIMP) which will help to meet critical water
and environmental Improvement infrastructure construction and rehabilitation needs.
The Urban Administration and Development Department (UADD)
The Urban Administration and Development Department (UADD) of the Government of
Madhya Pradesh will be the Executing Agency (EA) of the Project and will be responsible
for:
Overall strategic guidance.
Technical supervision.
Execution of the Project.
Ensuring compliance with the loan covenants.
State-level Empowered Committee (EC)
A state-level Empowered Committee (EC) has been set up with full powers to decide on
matters related to the Project. The EC consists of:
Chief Secretary (chair person).
Principal Secretary, Finance Department.
Principal Secretary, UADD.
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 27
Principal Secretary, Public Health and Engineering Department.
Commissioner, UADD.
Project Director, as member secretary.
City Steering Committee in each project city
City Steering Committee in each project city has been formed to monitor and guide the
performance of PIU. The committee consists of:
Divisional Commissioner
Mayor
Collector
Commissioner, Municipal Corporation
Leader of opposition, Municipal Corporation
Project Director or his representative
Representative from Pollution Board
Representative from Chamber of Commerce
PROJECT MANAGEMENT UNIT ( PMU)
General Responsibilities of the PMU 1. Confirm procedure and guidelines for evaluation of PMC and DSC and their selection
by the PMO under advanced procurement action and formally appoint the PMC and
DSC.
2. Confirm procedure and guidelines for prequalification of the contractors and their
selection for bidding by the PMO under advance procurement action.
3. Review and confirm standard bid documents and standard technical specifications of
works prepared by PMO prior to appoint of PMC and DSC.
4. Develop procedures and prepare guidelines for evaluation of bids of contractor /
suppliers including their post qualification whenever necessary.
5. Prepare detailed design , drawings, specifications bills of quantities, cost estimates,
tender documents and associated contract documentation for procurement of
equipment under ICB, IS, or LCB.
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 28
6. Supervise, coordinate and monitor the works of the PIU, DSC. This includes reviewing
and approving surveys, investigations, studies, master plans, subproject final design,
construction drawing, estimates, tender documents, bid evaluation and
recommendation for award of contracts.
7. Prepare or as necessary amend , existing procedure and guidelines for site
supervision, quality control, and disbursement to include guidelines and detailed job
description for the resident engineer, supervisors, accountants etc.
8. Supervise, coordinate and monitor the work of the PIUs and DSCs in contractor‟s
works ensuring sound supervision and quality control of sub projects constructions
and any other technical matters and recommend disbursement after ensuring
correctness of the measurement and invoices.
9. Assist the PIUs in developing annual project work plans, job description, staffing
schedule and equipment budgets.
10. Assist the PIUs in establishing, testing and reviewing financial accounting and control
system and ensuring accurate and timely report submission and funds flow from the
ADB and onwards to the implementation agencies.
11. Assist the city level steering committee in reviewing progress.
12. Assist the PIUs in monitoring and advising the city level Steering committees on
financial, staffing and administrative improvement.
13. Prepare an overall project Performance management system for the Project and
ensure that the necessary independent inputs are in place when and where required.
14. Assist the preparation of subproject appraisal reports and obtaining approval of ADB.
15. Ensure compliances of the loan covenants.
16. Conduct benefit monitoring and evaluation study.
17. Prepare Monthly, quarterly and annual progress report.
Institutional strengthening.
1. Ensure that training services contracted to outside organization are effective and fit
within the Project‟s plan for strengthening the capacity of the Municipal Corporation.
2. Create awareness in the corporation in the importance on maintaining an update
management information system and assist in the operation.
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 29
3. Identify opportunities within the project for Private Sector Participation and Public
Private Partnership.
4. Coordinate financial reforms management in the project cities
5. Coordinate improvement in management information system in the project cities and
Geographical Information System conducted by other agency.
Project Implementation Units (PIU)
Project Implementation Units (PIU) based in 4 cities are provided with necessary consulting
services under the loan to strengthen their project management and implementation
capability including engineering design and construction supervision.
The specific responsibilities associated with each of the PIUs will include:
• Acting as the primary liaising agency between PMU and the Project Cities, including the
CLSCs, Municipal Corporations, local NGOs/ CBOs, community leaders, and the target
communities.
• Ensuring that construction schedules included within each of the contracts are being met;
and that the milestones and other indices of progress are completed on schedule.
• Intervening, as necessary, to resolve any delays caused by unforeseen circumstances,
and communicating the reasons for such delays, as well as specific plans for remediation to
the Project Management Unit.
• Assessing the quality of work performed to ensure that materials utilized and
Construction techniques employed are consistent with the quality standards enunciated in
the contracts. Processing and approving invoices submitted by contractors, and ensuring
that such payments reflect work accomplished in relation to specific construction
milestones.
• Coordinating the activities of the Public Relations Consultant and NGOs under the
Community awareness and participation program and Municipal Action Plan for Poverty
reduction.
• Reporting, as required by the State of Madhya Pradesh and the Asian Development Bank
on the progress of all programs.
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Design and Supervision Consultant (DSC)
Two domestic Design and Supervision Consultant (DSC) firms are provided to assist
each PIU in the project cities; one for the eastern region covering Bhopal, Gwalior and
Jabalpur and the other for the western region covering Indore to undertake detailed
engineering design, preparation of construction drawings, procurement activities,
construction supervision, quality control, community awareness and the MAPP process.
General Responsibilities of the DSC
Conducting the bidding process under the super vision of the PMU and PIU
Quality control of the material used in the construction, human labors and technological
system.
Monitoring, Evaluation of the work of the contractors.
Proper documentation and report generation.
Dealing with the entire legal dispute like land acquisition, environmental safety, pollution
control etc.
Ensure that the ADB guidelines strictly followed by the contractors.
Community involvement.
PUBLIC RELATION CONSULTANT(PRC)
Public Relation Consultant (PRC) firm is being employed by the PMU to make the public
aware of the short-term inconveniences and long-term benefits of the project in order to
gain full support of the beneficiaries for the project. Beneficiaries will also be made aware of
preventive care to avoid environmental health-related hazards and of their responsibilities
to avoid the wastage of water, including issues such as water rates, user charges and
property tax reform etc. for achieving the goal of the project.
General Responsibilities of the PRC
The PRC will work for the design and delivery of the awareness messages to the
community. Though actual implementation of the community-level activities will be through
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Summer Project Report , 2010 31
local community based NGOs, the overall responsibility for successful implementation of
the PRAP will rest with the PRC.
The general responsibilities of the PRC will be as under:
• Preparation of IEC materials, advertisement clippings, Web pages, etc.
• Promotion of Project Policy Agenda.
• Awareness campaign on scope of project, including the Municipal Action Plan for Poverty
Reduction (MAPP), water optimization and conservation program, environmental and social
issues, such as, resettlement entitlements through various media means.
• Transfer of information about the Project to the target groups especially women.
• Make the stakeholders aware of the long-term benefits and short-term inconvenience of the
Project in order to gain full support to the beneficiaries towards the Project.
• Make the beneficiaries aware of preventive care to avoid any health related hazards.
• Make the beneficiaries aware of their responsibilities, including issues such as user charges
and property tax reform etc for achieving the goal of the project.
• Make the beneficiaries aware of the existing health care facilities and how to make optimal
use of the same.
The PRC will closely consult PMU, PIU, PMC, DSCs and work with NGOs under the Project,
while preparing materials for public awareness campaign, and provide feedback to PMU with
a view to adjusting work program based on the impact of campaign and concerns raise by
the beneficiaries.
Procurement
Goods, works and services financed by ADB are procured in accordance with the ADB‟s
Guidelines for Procurement. Procurement is generally carried out by the PIUs under the
guidance of PMU except for equipment and vehicles common for all cities, which have
been directly procured by the PMU. Equipment and selected materials is acquired using
international competitive bidding (ICB), international shopping (IS) and local competitive
bidding (LCB) procedures as appropriate. Civil works contracts that are relatively small in
value (less than US$5 million per contract) are carried out using LCB procedures
acceptable to ADB. Some civil works such as water treatment plants, sewage treatment
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Summer Project Report , 2010 32
plants etc. have been undertaken on a turnkey basis. The bidders for civil works were pre-
qualified before bidding. Pre-qualification, selection and engagement of all contractors has
been carried out after approval of the ADB.
Consulting Services
Consulting services are required for project management, engineering design,
construction supervision, procurement of goods and services, public relations and
awareness, and benefit monitoring and evaluation. Consultants will be selected and
engaged in accordance with ADB‟s Guidelines on the Use of Consultants and other
arrangements satisfactory to ADB on the selection and engagement of domestic
consultants. In total, five packages of consulting services have been provided under the
Project. An International firm is engaged as Project Management Consultant (PMC) to
assist the PMU in overall administration and management of the Project. There are two
DSCs engaged to assist the Project city PIUs in survey, investigation, and detailed
engineering designs, preparation of contract documentation, tendering, supervision, quality
control, project reporting and preparation of Municipal Action Plans for poverty Reduction.
In addition, separate domestic firms were engaged for Public Relations and Awareness
Program, and Benefit Monitoring and Evaluation of the Project in the Project cities.. Firm
selected for DSCs, BME or domestic associate of selected PMC, shall not be eligible for
PRC.
Operation and Maintenance (O&M)
The PMU and PIUs are responsible for ensuring the timely construction of identified
Infrastructure and for strict adherence to quality control measures. Once the individual
subprojects is commissioned and certified, responsibility for the continued operation and
maintenance of such facilities will be transferred to existing Urban Local Bodies (ULBs)
who will assume operational responsibility for the newly-created or rehabilitated facilities.
Ensuring that the ULBs possess the technical and managerial capacity to discharge such
functions to a sufficiently high.
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School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 34
Research Objective
“To find out the hindrances in the Implementation of Project UDAY in Bhopal and recommend some corrective measure to mitigate the same in future application.”
Project UDAY is a flagship program of Urban Administration Development Department; MP
Govt. Different stakeholders had faced different problems/obstacle at various stages of the
project implementation. But there is no methodical trace of all those problems. Neither those
problems are captured or documented nor synchronized between various departments. The
purpose of this research is to identify the same and collectively summarize the major
hindrances in project execution and after that through analysis, brainstorming, benchmarking
different possible mitigation measure need to be found out that can be used in future
application in similar type of project.
The collection of problems and solution bank will be reused in future project in designing,
cost, time estimation planning, scheduling, staff mobilization etc.Top of that the whole report
will help the future management unit to plan and implement the project more efficiently and
effectively. My research will cover to identify the hindrances in project implementation and
then come out with some feasible recommendation to make this kind of project more efficient
and effective in future:
1. Identification of ground level technical obstacle in the project implementation like
Delay in Leak detection mechanism, topography of Bhopal and its effect etc.
2. Understanding planning and designing loop holes that delayed the process.
3. How to mitigate the dependency on different stakeholders and form a proper
synchronized coordination to make the process faster.
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RESEARCH METHODS
For successful conduction of the research a full proof methodology had been
followed considering the stakeholders, project implementation model, timeline, business
strategy and the number of resource involved in it.
After initial icebreaking with the stakeholders only the detailed methodologies are applied so
authenticities of information provided by the stakeholders are high. Even after coming out
with initial possible recommendation a later round of feedback session had been conducted
with the stakeholder regarding their objection about any particular point or feasibility of
particular recommendation.
To achieve this I followed a systematic organized well planned blueprint that includes
Preparation of the Action Plan and detailed understanding of the Project, project
components, implementation strategy, impact, participation, timely completion ,
maintaining proper quality, reason for delay.
Preliminary visit to the Project site to have a flavor of the current project and a pilot
analysis of the project and verification of the same with the Project officials of the
Department of the urban administration and Development, MP.
Designing of the questionnaires, survey forms, FGD guidelines and Interview questions
and benchmarking strategy.
Conducting various techniques of researches like Survey, questionnaires, and Focus
group discussion. Interview, Benchmarking. Collection of information, data and facts
about the project.
First Draft of finding submission and taking feedback from the Project officials of the
Department of the urban administration and Development, MP.
Data filtering, Data analysis, Data mining, comparative analysis. Preparation of the
documentary (editing, narration etc), Final report submission and presentation.
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Summer Project Report , 2010 36
Different standard methodologies had been used to conduct the reserach
1. Focus group Discussion: A detailed methodical systematic discussion with different
stakeholders separately to understand the project components, implementation strategy,
impact, participation, timely completion , maintaining proper quality, reason for delay,
mitigation measure , improvement strategy etc.
2. Interview: Taking interview of the officials and the contractors to understand the project
proposal, expectation, planning, execution blueprint, improvement measurement etc.
3. Questionnaires: To prepare a set of questionnaires and conduct the field research to
capture the awareness, mindset, evaluation of the current projects.
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Summer Project Report , 2010 37
4. Brainstorming: Conducting a through brainstorming session with different stake holders
and do a survey to understand SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, threats) of the
projects and identify the areas of improvement and suggests a foolproof blueprint to
upgrading the running projects.
5. Benchmarking: Do a comparative analysis of the different project going on considering all
the decisive parameters to understand the status of the project.
6. Report Analysis: Previously few problem statements are captured by different department
and temporarily they took some corrective measure. Analysis of the existing report,
information mining, through scrutiny will help to understand the ground reality.
STAKEHOLDERS
All the stakeholders directly or indirectly connected to the implementation, execution and the
impact of the project „UDAY‟ are identified to have a holistic view about the level of
involvement of all the entities.
The major stakeholders identified are:
1. ADB (Asian Development Bank):
Funding agency of the project. ADB is funding $181 million for successful implementation of
the project. Management is bound to abide by the rules and regulation of ADB at different
phases of the project. Starting from selection of the contractor through bidding to the
environmental and pollution control safeguard in all aspect ADB has clear cut guidelines to
ensure inclusive sustainable development.
2. The Urban Administration and Development Department (UADD)
The Urban Administration and Development Department (UADD) of the Government of
Madhya Pradesh will be the Executing Agency (EA) of the Project and will be responsible
for:
Overall strategic guidance.
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Summer Project Report , 2010 38
Technical supervision.
Execution of the Project.
Ensuring compliance with the loan covenants.
3. State-level Empowered Committee (EC)
A state-level Empowered Committee (EC) has been set up with full powers to decide on
matters related to the Project.
4. PROJECT MANAGEMENT UNIT
Supervise, coordinate and monitor the works of the PIU, DSC. This includes reviewing
and approving surveys, investigations, studies, master plans, subproject final design,
construction drawing, estimates, tender documents, bid evaluation and recommendation
for award of contracts.
Confirm procedure and guidelines for evaluation of PMC and DSC and their selection by
the PMO under advanced procurement action and formally appoint the PMC and DSC.
Supervise, coordinate and monitor the work of the PIUs and DSCs in
contractor‟s works ensuring sound supervision and quality control of sub projects
constructions and any other technical matters and recommend disbursement after
ensuring correctness of the measurement and invoices.
5. Project Implementation Units (PIU)
The specific responsibilities associated with each of the PIUs will include:
• Acting as the primary liaising agency between PMU and the Project Cities, including the
CLSCs, Municipal Corporations, local NGOs/CBOs, community leaders, and the target
communities.
• Ensuring that construction schedules included within each of the contracts are being met;
and that the milestones and other indices of progress are completed on schedule.
6. Design and Supervision Consultant (DSC)
The domestic Design and Supervision Consultant (DSC) firms are provided to assist PIU
in the project city; to undertake detailed engineering design, preparation of construction
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 39
drawings, procurement activities, construction supervision, quality control, community
awareness and the MAPP process.
7. PUBLIC RELATION CONSULTANT
The PRC will work for the design and delivery of the awareness messages to the
community. Though actual implementation of the community-level activities will be through
local community based NGOs, the overall responsibility for successful implementation of
the PRAP will rest with the PRC.
8. CONTRACTORS
Contractors are responsible for ground level execution of the project. After being selected by
the proper bidding process contractor‟s responsibilities are to built, construct, create water
supply line, utilities, sewage line etc.
9. COMMUNITY
Community is at the receiving end of the project. They are the end users. Even water
supply and waste water construction often happened in the narrow lane causes a lot of
inconvenience for the common people. The community needs to be aware of the long-term
benefits and short-term inconvenience of the Project in order and also the beneficiaries
should be aware of preventive care to avoid any health related hazards.
The beneficiaries also need to be aware of their responsibilities, including issues such as
user charges and property tax reform etc for achieving the goal of the project.
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Summer Project Report , 2010 40
10. Media
In today‟s world media has an important role to play whether to spread awareness about
the benefit of the project among the beneficiaries to publish the progress of the project to
remind the management about the social, environmental aspect of the project to print the
achievements of the project. In this age of information media‟s report plays an important
role to give an impression even to some extent drive the project in accountable way.
11. Pollution Control Board
UDAY Community
ADB
UN-HABITAT
Civil
Society Contractors
Electrical Dept,
Telephone
Dept,
MPRDC
PRC
Pollution
Control
Board
MEDIA
UADD
PMU
PIU
DSC
MIC
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 41
As per the ADB guideline the project needs to be environmental friendly and sustainable.
The required corrective measure had been taken in every phase of the project to ensure
that there is no aberration from the standard environmental protection laws. Clearance
certificate from the Pollution control board had been obtained. The followings aspect had
been covered proactively by the management to take no objection certificate from the
Pollution control board.
1. Establishment of temporary Camp with sanitary solid waste management.
2. Removal of overburden and excavated material from the working site.
3. Water sprinkling at construction site to arrest dust.
4. Regular maintenances of noise producing equipments.
5. All vehicles and equipments mobilized to construction site and producing emission has to
have pollution control board certificate.
12. Electrical Dept, Telephone Dept (BSNL), MPRDC
There is an imperative need of coordination among these departments. Before excavation of
particular road the management has to take permission from the MPRDC, BSNL.
13. MIC
Mayor in council is a public body that closely monitors and provides required approval on
behalf of BMC. Starting for approval of Technical clearance or approval of Notice Initiating
tender or any local public dispute MIC has a major role to play.
14. UN Habitat
UN-HABITAT will provide and administer parallel grant co financing of $0.5 million.
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Summer Project Report , 2010 42
Brighter Aspects of the Project UDAY
“Team UDAY has done a commendable job till date and I hope this
project will be used as model project in future implementation”
… Mr. Ashok Srivastava (PIO, ADB)
„Charity begins at home‟. Government service is the basic service that is available to every
citizen from the day one. Water is the one of the most basic amenities that Government
provider to the citizen. Driven by the vision of “Safe, sustainable water for all”.
The major highpoints of this project are as follows
Transparent financial accounting
To meet the estimated project cost of $ 275 million equivalent, ADB will provide a loan of
$181 million, UN-HABITAT will provide and administer parallel grant co financing of $0.5
million. The government of M.P. will provide local currency financing of $45.9 million. Funds
assured by GOI through GOMP. Required funds have been already allocated for the project.
BMC have reserved funds to meet their share. Payments will be processed by the PIU and
will be made from BMC Special account for the Project. All the payments will be made within
the time stipulated in the contract document. A difference financial department is there under
PMU to maintain regular accounting.
Participatory Approach/Ownership
A special Public relational consultancy was hired just to ensure participation of the
community at the decision making process to build a feelings of ownership among the
community member. Public Relation Consultant (PRC) firm is being employed by the PMU to
make the public aware of the short-term inconveniences and long-term benefits of the project
in order to gain full support of the beneficiaries for the project. Beneficiaries will also be made
aware of preventive care to avoid environmental health-related hazards and of their
responsibilities to avoid the wastage of water, including issues such as water rates, user
charges and property tax reform etc. for achieving the goal of the project.
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 43
Team Building
Team „UDAY‟ was formed by choosing the people from different government organization in
deputation as per the required skill set. Initially no trainings are provided and it was very
difficult for the resources to switch from MP department manual work mode to ADB work
mode very smoothly. It is an excellent team work under the able guidance of the
management made successful implementation of the project possible. After working for 4-5
years in the project peoples are adhere to high quality technique, strict deadline, extended
responsibility etc.All the resources had built a certain capacity or expertise in different
domain.
Environmental Safeguard achieved
As ADB has a strict guideline regarding environmental safeguard it was assured that the
clearance certificates are in place from the pollution control board and the forest department.
The followings steps has been taken
• Establishment of temporary Camp with sanitary solid waste management.
• Regular maintenances of noise producing equipments.
• Consideration of public safety.
• All vehicles and equipments mobilized to construction site and producing emission has
to have pollution control board certificate.
• Materials carrying vehicles are covered fully.
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Summer Project Report , 2010 44
Hindrances
Different stakeholders had faced different obstacles/hindrances at different phases of
the project. All the implementation hindrances are captured after consulting with all the
stakeholders for several times. All the predefined research methodologies are used to
extract these insights from the stakeholders.
The hindrances can be classified into three broad categories namely:
Administrative
Technical
Others or External
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 45
Technical Hindrances
1. No drawing/ network map of the existing water supply lines,
telephone wires and cables are available.
There is no drawings, sketch or network map available with the department about the
underground utilities. So there is no clue at the time of project design about the
existing network or cables. It also causes lots of damages to the existing lines and that
leads to rework. Overall unavailability of the existing utility drawing delay the process,
make the project implementation difficult, costs a lot more due to rework and even
makes the design faulty . So many times after starting work in a particular project site
it was realized that due to existing network and utilities this roadmap need to change
for the new water supply line.
Different private player or other important stakeholders like BSNL are also changing
their utility roadmap regularly without prior knowledge of the project UDAY team. They
also can‟t provide an updated utility map. So collision of lines, network from the
different stakeholders makes project a trouble some.
Recommendation
Before starting of the project a feasibility study of the underground utilities is strongly
recommended. If it is required an initial budget should be allotted to prepare the
Geographical Information System map of the underground utilities of the project site.
In fact a proper coordination is required among BMC, BSNL, MPRDC, UADD and
private player to prepare an existing underground network cable map. That map can
be used for any project in future and that will benefit all the stakeholders. .In fact
government can think about a separate project under UADD to prepare a detailed
underground network utility map that can be used for any future application. One thing
has to make sure that regular up gradation of this map must be ensured also as
different players like private mobile company or BSNL they change or add new lines
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 46
on daily basis. Initial investment in the utility map preparation will not bring any instant
result but for any project in future that will save lots of time, money and resources.
2. Due to topography of Bhopal excavation takes much longer
time that delays the process in and around 30 %.
Due to the topography of Bhopal, hard rock is there just under the ground surface.
So it is very difficult to excavate the hard rock and do the required underground
construction works. Due to the presence of Hard rock the regular excavator take
much longer time to excavate the place compared to plain area. It also consumes
more nonproductive time and resources and even compromise with the quality from
the contractor may happen. On an average the Hard rock excavation difficulty
causes a 30% time delay in completion of the project. That delays the whole project
even the overall loan amount may get increased due to change in dollar rupee
conversation rate.So financially even quality wise or timeline wise also the project
suffers a lot due this Hard rock problem.
Recommendation
At the time of initial planning of budget, resource allocation or time estimation PMU
should consider the topography of Bhopal as the most critical factor behind the fail of the
project. It is strongly recommended that before even starting of initial planning a PMC
should be appointed to identify the possible hindrances that can unconstructively affect
the project. The hard rock topographical impediment should be briefed to all the effectible
stakeholders well in advance and also to the funding agency. A strategic blueprint to
alleviate this problem should be prepared by the PMU before start of designing both
technically and financially. This ground reality of the topography of Bhopal need to be
discussed at the pre bidding workshop with the contractors also. Some construction firms
are very recently using horizontal drilling technique to overcome the problem of
excavation of the Hard rock in some others state as a pilot project. Selection of the
contractors is very important here. Need to consider the upgraded technically proficient
Construction firms when selection of contractor happened. A cost benefit analysis can be
done to do the feasibility study of the usage of Horizontal drill in project execution.
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Summer Project Report , 2010 47
3. Identification of exact location of leakage of water is very
difficult in the hard rock areas, densely populated areas due to
absences of proper leak detection mechanism.
In a water supply project practically 15% is the tolerable limit of leakage of water. But in
Bhopal in some areas it is as high as 35-40 % and average is 30 %. That causes a lot of
wastage of water, hampers the water supply and sometimes causes lot of inconvenience in
the city. It is very difficult to detect the sources of the leak due to topography of Bhopal
.Just under the ground surface the hard rock is there so water can‟t flow straightway
upwards from the source of the leakage , it gets deflected in the hard rock and wherever it
gets the comparatively yielding surface the water comes above the ground. It can happen
the where water is coming above the surface is far way from the source of the leakage. So
delay in identification of the leakage of the water causes lot of wastage, inconvenience in
work, some times hampers the progress of the project and causes a lot of rework as to find
out the real sources the contractors may has to excavate a very large area .
Recommendation
Technically Usage of electronic sounding rod particularly at the joint of two valves is
recommended. PMU and PIU should give also equal importance as per with
implementation of new water supply line. Change in mindsets as detection of old leakage
and repairing as a thankless job needs to be addressed and expertise with proper training
and skill set needs to be appointed for this purpose. The work for leak detection should
start parelly with new water supply line project that will save lots of time and money related
to excavation etc.
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Snapshot of the Technical problem and corresponding recommendation
Problem Faced Recommendation
No drawing/ network map of the
existing water supply lines,
telephone wires and cables are
available.
Before starting of the project a feasibility
study of the underground utilities is
strongly recommended. If it is required an
initial budget should be allotted to prepare
the Geographical Information System map
of the underground utilities of the project
site. In fact a proper coordination is
required among BMC, BSNL, MPRDC, UADD
and private player to prepare an existing
underground network cable map. That map
can be used for any project in future and
that will benefit all the stakeholders.
Due to topography of Bhopal
excavation takes much longer time
that delays the process in and
around 30 %.
At the time of initial planning of budget,
resource allocation or time estimation PMU
should consider the topography of Bhopal as
the most critical factor behind the fail of the
project. It is strongly recommended that
before even starting of initial planning a
PMC should be appointed to identify the
possible hindrances that can
unconstructively affect the project. The
hard rock topographical impediment should
be briefed to all the effectible stakeholders
well in advance and also to the funding
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 49
agency. A strategic blueprint to alleviate
this problem should be prepared by the
PMU before start of designing both
technically and financially. This ground
reality of the topography of Bhopal need to
be discussed at the pre bidding workshop
with the contractors also. Need to consider
the upgraded technically proficient
Construction firms when selection of
contractor happened. A cost benefit
analysis can be done to do the feasibility
study of the usage of Horizontal drill in
project execution.
Identification of exact location of
leakage of water is very difficult
in the hard rock areas, densely
populated areas due to absences of
proper leak detection mechanism.
Technically Usage of electronic sounding
rod particularly at the joint of two valves is
recommended. PMU and PIU should give
also equal importance as per with
implementation of new water supply line.
Change in mindsets as detection of old
leakage and repairing as a thankless job
needs to be addressed and expertise with
proper training and skill set needs to be
appointed for this purpose. The work for
leak detection should start parelly with new
water supply line project that will save lots
of time and money related to excavation
etc.
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Summer Project Report , 2010 50
Administrative Hindrances
1. Project Staff Mobilization problems
Team „UDAY‟ was formed by choosing the people from different government
organization in deputation as per the required skill set. After working for 4-5 years in the
project peoples are adhere to high quality technique, strict deadline, extended
responsibility etc.All the resources had built a certain capacity or expertise in different
domain now as there is no clear cut HR policy so there is futuristic uncertainty for the
project stuff. Are they going back to their original department? Are they will be promoted
to the next level of responsibility for the same kind of project? Are they will be utilized
properly in some project related to UDAY? No proper career growth line was mentioned
separately. That worked as a denominational factor for the project stuff.
Recommendation
When forming a project team a choice for the human resource manager is very
important. In regular interval a carrier counseling of the particular resource with the
departmental HR should be arranged to decide a sort term carrier goal and strategy.
As they resources involved in the project developed certain skill set Government should
consider them to create a talent pool .and in future application they should get
preference to work in project in higher roles.
Even in Madhya Pradesh lots of work can be done regarding waste water management
or solid waste management. These resources can be deployed to implement this project
That will help the authority in both ways one it will reduce or even nullify any training
cost as already the recourses has some sort of ideas regarding water project plus it will
take less time for these resources to be accustomed with project mode from any manual
work mode of government as they are already familiar with this work culture.
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2. Delay in work due to rigid, strict guidelines of ADB, the funding
agency.
ADB has strict guidelines to follow for the project execution by the different stakeholders
starting from PMU to PIU to contractors. Sometimes it happened that the work had
stooped due to unavailability of particular ingredients with pre-mentioned quality standard.
Sometimes some approval took more time than anticipated that the prequalified
contractor opted out from the project. Sometimes environmental safeguard achievement
took more times and attention than the major project works that was delayed.
Recommendation
Though it is well intentioned to maintain a sustainable inclusive growth through proper
quality assurance but the guidelines should consider the different facet of the different
realistic problem particular to a city. That can be caused by the topographical structure,
locational disadvantage, sociopolitical concern etc. In that case ADB should have flexible
guidelines adjustable to critical project requirement. Some of the critical points need to be
identified by the PMU, PIU, DSC and Contractors and a consolidated report should be
given to the ADB requesting them to mention the best possible alternative arrangement
for those critical point of the project.
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Snapshot of Administrative problems and related Recommendation
Problem Faced Recommendation
Delay in work due to rigid, strict
guidelines of ADB, the funding
agency.
ADB should have flexible guidelines
adjustable to critical project requirement.
Some of the critical points need to be
identified by the PMU, PIU, DSC and
Contractors and a consolidated report
should be given to the ADB requesting
them to mention the best possible
alternative arrangement for those critical
point of the project to ensure no delay in
the project
Project Staff Mobilization
problems
When forming a project team a choice for
the human resource manager is very
important. In regular interval a carrier
counseling of the particular resource with
the departmental HR should be arranged to
decide a sort term carrier goal and
strategy. As they resources involved in the
project developed certain skill set
Government should consider them to create
a talent pool .and in future application they
should get preference to work in project in
higher roles.
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Summer Project Report , 2010 53
Others/ External Hindrances
1. Legal dispute due to required land acquisition in project
site.
At the time of initial designing the ownership of the land issue was not taken care.
After starting of project implementation in the midway it happened that some lands
need to be acquired as the owner of the land is not the government. Certain disputes
regarding land acquisition was happened in the project sites sometime with Railway
department n sometime with forest department sometimes with National Highway
department. This legal land dispute took long time to be resolved and as a result the
project implementation delayed for long period of time.
Recommendation
A coordination committee between the BMC, Railway board, National highway, Forest
department needs to be formed. This committee will be responsible to meet at the
beginning of the year and will discuss their annual future plan for next one or two
years with each others. In this common forum a master strategy plan will be prepared
by the coordination committee to avoid any land acquisition and transfer problem in
future.
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 54
2. Less awareness/ late decision of the public about the sewer line
causes lot of rework.
Public is not that much aware of the importance of scientific waste water management or
the hygienic issue involved with it. So at the times of sewer line construction they cerates
lots of trouble and are not willing to help. They don‟t allow excavating in their community
to implement sewer plant project. Sometimes seeing the benefit of the neighbor‟s
community then only people allows the contractors to work in the locality. In that case
particularly at narrow lane it is very difficult to do rework again and again. It happens to
cover the entire community of around 60 houses total three to four times works had to do.
Recommendation
Initial involvement of the community particularly of the urban slum dwellers must be
ensured before starting of the project.PRC should come into action at the time of planning
itself. Formation of women self help group, small vocational or livelihood training through
local NGO , arranging a health camp in the locality to convey the message of health
benefit and a mass awareness campaign regarding the long term benefit about the waste
water project should be arranged.Awareness campaign on scope of project, including the
Municipal Action Plan for Poverty Reduction (MAPP), water optimization and conservation
program, environmental and social issues, such as, resettlement entitlements through
various media means.
• Transfer of information about the Project to the target groups especially women through
involvement of the NGO. The NGO or formation of SHG among the community women
will help to make the stakeholders aware of the long-term benefits and short-term
inconvenience of the Project in order to gain full support to the beneficiaries towards the
Project.
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 55
Snapshot of the External problems and corresponding Recommendation
Problem Faced Recommendation
Legal dispute due to required land
acquisition in project site.
A coordination committee between the
BMC, Railway board, National highway,
Forest department needs to be formed.
This committee will be responsible to meet
at the beginning of the year and will
discuss their annual future plan for next
one or two years with each others. In this
common forum a master strategy plan will
be prepared by the coordination committee
to avoid any land acquisition and transfer
problem in future.
Less awareness/ late decision of
the public about the sewer line
causes lot of rework.
Initial involvement of the community
particularly of the urban slum dwellers
must be ensured before starting of the
project.PRC should come into action at the
time of planning itself. Formation of women
self help group, small vocational or
livelihood training through local NGO ,
arranging a health camp in the locality to
convey the message of health benefit and a
mass awareness campaign regarding the
long term benefit about the waste water
project should be arranged.
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 56
1. Press Note UdayFeb2010
2. Minutes of Workshop on E-Tendering held at PIU Jabalpur Office On 14th
September, 2006
3. QUARTERLY PROGRESS REPORT (QPR 17), DECEMBER 2009
4. QUARTERLY PROGRESS REPORT (QPR 15), JUNE 2009
5. QUARTERLY PROGRESS REPORT (QPR 16) ,SEPTEMBER 2009
6. Report of ADB Grant”0018-CAM (SF) Project Management Unit
Ministry of Rural Development Royal Government of Cambodia
7. Best Practices for Household-level water management in
Bangalore_Biome_2009
8. http://projectuday.nic.in/
9. http://www.adb.org/
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 57
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 58
TIME LINE
Weeks
Tasks
12/04
to
18/04
19/04
to
25/04
26/04
to
02/05
03/05
to
09/05
10/05
to
16/05
17/05
to
23/05
24/05
to
30/05
31/06
to
06/06
Preparation of the Action Plan and
detailed understanding of the
Project, project components,
implementation strategy, impact,
participation, timely completion ,
maintaining proper quality, reason
for delay.
Preliminary visit to the Project site
to have a flavor of the current
project and a pilot analysis of the
project and verification of the same
with the Project officials of the
Department of the Urban
administration and Development,
MP.
Designing of the questionnaires,
survey forms, FGD guidelines and
Interview questions and
benchmarking strategy.
Conducting various techniques of
researches like Survey,
questionnaires, and Focus group
discussion. Interview,
Benchmarking. Collection of
information, data and facts about the
project.
Data filtering, Data analysis, Data
mining, Comparative analysis.
First Draft of finding submission
and taking feedback from the
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 59
Project officials of the Department
of the Urban administration and
Development, MP.
Preparation of the documentary
(editing, narration etc), Final report
submission and presentation
1. Checklist for Implementing Agencies
1) What is the reach of the project?
2) How do you identify the beneficiaries? Are beneficiaries divided into different categories?
3) What are the expected outcomes of the project? Is the project till now able to achieve it?
4) What are the steps in the implementation of the project?
5) Are the beneficiaries involved at any stage of the project? If yes then what is the strategy
adopted for their involvement?
6) What are the different institutions involve in the project completion?
7) What is the mode of interaction between them?
8) What is the role of private player in the project? At which stage you consider to involve them
and why?
9) What is the mode of financing the project by ULB and reason for choosing the same?
10) What are the constraints you are facing since the implementation of the project?
11) Is the project running on time? If not then specific reason for the same
12) What is the O&M strategy? Is there scope for community involvement? What is the mode of
collection of user’s charge from the beneficiary?
13) What are the positive and negative externalities from the project?
15) What are the factors which make your project sustainable?
School of Good Governance and Policy Analysis Project UDAY
Summer Project Report , 2010 60
NOTES