SUMMER INSTITUTEJULY 7-8, 2015 | TULSA, OK Vocabulary: A Critical Key to Academic Success T hings have changed

SUMMER INSTITUTE JULY 7-8, 2015 | TULSA, OK

Vocabulary: A Critical Key to

Academic SuccessThings have changed.


Goals for Session Participants

1. To identify Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3 vocabulary words in any text.

2. To summarize the recommended procedure for introducing new vocabulary.

3. To identify strategies for answering CCSS test questions in which words are used in non-traditional ways.

4. To plan and implement practice and reinforcement of words that appear frequently in the Common Core.

5. To evaluate online vocabulary activities in terms of best-practice research.

6. To implement engaging activities that promote “word consciousness.”


Isabel Beck’s Word Categories

Tier 1: Basic words that rarely require instructional focus (door, house, book)Tier 2: Words that appear with high frequency, across a variety of domains, and are crucial when using mature, academic language (coincidence, reluctant, analysis)Tier 3: Words that have a low frequency, often limited to specific fields of study (isotope, Reconstruction, Buddhism)


Which tier does research show to be the most important focus for the classroom teacher?

Tier I

Tier 2

Tier 3


RECOGNIZING TIER 2 WORDS

Difference between Tier 1 & Tier 2 WordsTier 1 Tier 2 talk describe, persuade, articulate,

argue, assert, negotiate, etc.

Tier 2 Compound Words and Phrasestalk shop, talk sense, talk over, pep talk, talk in circles, talk a mile a minute, talk of the town, talk your way out of it, talk back, sweet talk


On the average, how many exposures/ applications does it take until a person has a deep understanding of a word?

5 8 12 15 20

(Beck & McKeown,

2003)


How do we choose words to teach?

“There is no such thing as a convenient list of words to teach. Instead, the vast majority of words to be taught are the ones teachers identify in the texts students are reading.”

--Michael Graves, 2000


What does work?

--Michael Graves, IRA, The Vocabulary Book, 2006


What doesn’t work?Students may do well if tested soon after words are assigned, but there is little or no long-term retention.

•Assign•Define•Test


Leading experts’ strategies for teaching new vocabulary differ slightly, but all focus on student engagement along with varied and repeated exposures to words.


PROCEDURE FOR TEACHING NEW

VOCABULARY

1.Teacher says the word; students repeat the word.2.Teacher points out and reads the word in context.3.Teacher provides the definition, making it

student-friendly.4.Teacher highlights something useful, e.g., root,

prefix, etc. 5.Students engage in activities to develop

word/concept knowledge (ping-pong, finish sentence starters, etc.).*

6.Keep words alive!

*Step 5 is most important to accelerate acquisition and retention, but teachers don’t often set aside time for it.


Visuals aid vocabulary acquisition and retention. Use word wall posters with

images.

taunt


PREPARE SLIDES WITH VISUALS AND EMBEDDED STUDENT

ENGAGEMENT

startledMEANING:

surprised

can be a verb or an adjective, as in the startled child, but

is used as a verb here


startledWhen the cat sneaked up on Victoria when she was carrying the dishes to the sink, it startled her so much that she dropped the plates and silverware.


This baby was startled by someone blowing his nose.

The video went viral on the Internet.


What could startle you?

Turn to a partner and ping-pong sentences starting with,

“I could be startled by . . . “


Use wall space to support word play.

ACRONYMS COGNATES POLYEMOUSWORDS

ASAP

FYI

WASP

FAQ

LASER

AIDS

URL

QWERTY

evaluate/evaluar

inferences/

inferencias

process/proceso

experiment/

experimento

hypothesis/

hipotesis

patience/paciencia

BUT BEWARE!

FALSE COGNATES

exit/exito (success)

success/suceso

(event)

right

cell

radical

leg

round

power

article

character

table


POLYSEMOUS WORDS

Words with two or more meaningsExample:

mouse


Teach strategies that foster

independence.

polysemousThe prefix poly means

_______________+

sem is in the wordsemantics, the study

of meaning

Morphemic Analysis: Meanings of words can be unraveled by

examining their components



independence.

Although table was one of the first words Ana learned in English, she was confused when they said they would table a suggestion until the next Student Council meeting, and realized that it must be a polysemous word.

Contextual Analysis:

Readers infer or predict a

word from the context in

whch it appears.



independence.

This kind of sentence includes enough details to prove beyond a doubt that the

writer understands the meaning of a

word.

Create a meaningful sentence.


Be playful!

• Add visuals• Host periodic

challenges, contests, or games

• Offer bonuses• Acknowledge word

usage• Add music/movement• Be creative--Declare

“Days,” wear badges, bestow titles, etc.

Keep

words

alive over

time


Vocabulary and the


“QUICK WIN” FOR

COMMON CORE

SUCCESS

Focus on

applications

of one

essential

Common Core

Tier II word

across all

subject areas

every two or

three weeks.


Vocabulary, Parcc, and Other

CCSS-aligned TestsTwo skills are being assessed:1)Inferring the meaning of a

word based upon context;2)Identifying the specific

textual evidence used in the passage that gave rise to the meaning of the term.


Example:What does the word iteration mean in the text?a) assignmentb) reportc) reasond) mistake

The draft of “An Alarm in the Offing on Climate Change” is the latest iteration of a major series of reports requested by Congress on the effects of climate change in the United States.


A DIFFERENT WAY OF THINKING ABOUT

WORDS

DICTIONARY DEFINITION: iteration: the act of repeating; repetition

The PARCC (and other CCSS-aligned tests) do not necessarily care for the dictionary definition

of terms; instead, the test is designed to

assess students’ ability to THINK!


Test-taking Strategy1. Read the sentence in the passage

while inserting each choice for iteration.

2. Use the process of elimination to mentally “cross out” answers that do not fit.

The draft . . . is the latest iteration of a major series of reports requested by Congress . . . a. assignment c. reasonb. report d. mistake


Part B—The answer hinges entirely on getting the right

answer to Part A.Which words from the text

best help the reader understand the meaning of iteration?

a.The draft . . . is the latestb.requested by Congressc. climate changed.public comment


Given the PARCC example, why even teach definitions?


Your feedback is welcome!

Contact Information:

Ruthie Dines, Talent Development Secondary

Instructional Facilitator

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

Documents

SUMMER INSTITUTEJULY 7-8, 2015 | TULSA, OK Vocabulary: A Critical Key to Academic Success T hings have changed