POLLUTION

* Introduction of a contaminant into the environment.

A substance, though normally absent in the environment, but in sufficient concentration can adversely affect living organisms.

Pollution

Contaminant

– waste material that pollutes air, water or soil

1. Chemical Nature

Pollutant

Factors that determine severity:

2. Concentration

3. Persistence

1. Horizontal

PollutantZones of influence:

2. Vertical

a. Local

b. Regional

a. Surface

b. Global

Types of Pollution

1. Natural

2. Anthropogenic (Man-Made)

Natural

Anthropogenic

Air

1. Primary

Air Pollution

2. Secondary

1. SOx and NOx

Air Pollution

2. CO

Pollutants

3. VOC

4. Particulates

1. Outdoor

Air Pollution

2. Indoor

Thermal Inversion

Anthropogenic

Air Water

USES OF WATER

WATER POLLUTION

VS.

MARINE POLLUTION

POINT SOURCE

VS.

NONPOINT SOURCE

NONPOINT SOURCES

Urban streets

Suburban development

Wastewater treatment plant

Rural homes

Cropland

Factory

Animal feedlot

POINT SOURCES

Chemicals and other Contaminants:

1. Organic

2. Inorganic

3. Macroscopic pollution

Anthropogenic

Air Water Land

Solid Waste

Solid Waste

Population

Garbage

1. Open Dumps

Different Methods of Disposal

2. Ocean Dumping

3. Exporting

4. Burning

5. Landfill

Incinerators

Sanitary Landfill

The Three R’s

1. Reduce

2. Reuse

3. Recycle

Anthropogenic

Air Water Land

Solid Waste

Other Types

1. Light

2. Visual

3. Noise

NOISE ???

UNWANTED SOUND

Unwanted sound that disrupts quality of life.

NOISE POLLUTION

TYPES

1. Community/Environmental

2. Occupational

COMMUNITY

COMMUNITY

COMMUNITY

Occupational

EFFECTS

1. Deafness

2. Decreased efficiency

3. Stress

PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 856

December 23, 1975

CODE ON SANITATION

Section 46

Responsibility of the Secretary

h. Promulgate control measures to reduce noise pollution.

Section 47

Responsibilities of the employer and employees

a. Employer responsibility

4. Adopt measures so that the noise produced is within allowable limits so as not to affect neighboring offices, buildings or establishments

Section 48

Environmental provisions

d. Noise - Control measures shall be provided to reduce intensity of noise sufficiently to render it harmless to workers and to eliminate it at its source as a nuisance by following recommendations of the local health or other government authority.

Section 85

Types of Nuisances

g. Excessive noise

Section 88

Authority of the Secretary. - The Secretary is authorized to promulgate rules and regulations for the control and prevention of the following types of pollution:

d. Noise pollution caused by industry, land and air transports and building construction