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SUICIDE PREVENTION
FUNDAMENTALSINSTRUCTION:
IPBN Conference
Judy Gabert, MEd, MAIdaho Lives Project, Program Specialist
Ali Shields, LMSWIdaho Lives Project, Regional Coordinator
Slides courtesy of Kim Kane, MPA AUG 2019
SPFI™
Feb-20 3
Resources
208-398-HELP (4357) call or text
800-273-TALK (8255) call
https://www.idahosuicideprevention.org/chat/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7zHogURJELk
Give a fist bump to and smile at your neighbor
4
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
5
Suicide Statistics: U.S. and Idaho(CDC, 2018 & Idaho Bureau of Vital Records and Health Statistics, 2019)
U.S. 2017 Idaho 2017 Idaho 2018
Total Deaths 47,173 393 418
Deaths/Week 907 7.5 8.0
Suicide Rate 14.5 22.9 23.8
Feb-20 6
Top 12 States in 2017(CDC, 2018)
1. Montana2. Wyoming3. Alaska4. New Mexico5. Idaho6. South Dakota
7. West Virginia8. Utah9. Colorado10. Arkansas11. Nevada12. Maine
• Idaho high school students, 2019 YRBS shows (9th – 12th grades)
1 in 10 have attempted
suicide
1 in 6 actually have a
suicide plan
1 in 5 have considered
suicide
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Youth Suicide Facts
• High five a neighbor and tell each other something you have done for fun recently or something you like to do.
• Fist bump another neighbor and tell each other what you like to eat or where you like to eat.
• Double high-five another person and tell each other who your “go to” person is, whether family, friend, or co-worker.
THE SUICIDAL MIND
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SPFI™
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Dr. Thomas Joiner, PhD
• Distinguished Research Professor and The Bright-Burton Professor in the Department of Psychology at Florida State University
• Author of over 400 peer-reviewed publications
• Editor-in-Chief of the journal Suicide & Life-Threatening Behavior
• Loss Survivor
• Author of: o Why People Die by Suicide (2005)
o Myths About Suicide (2010)
o Lonely at the Top (2011)
o The Perversion of Virtue (2014)
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Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of SuicideWhy People Die by Suicide
Those Who Are Capable of Suicide
Serious Attempt or Death by Suicide
Those Who Desire SuicideD
ista
l
Fa
cto
rs
Perceived Burdensomeness
Failed Belongingness
Fearlessness about Pain, Injury & Death
Acquired ability for Self-Harm
Derived from Sketch of a Theory Power Point presentation, 2014, Thomas Joiner, PhD
The Suicidal Mind
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GAME TIME
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
Feb-20 14
Important Notes About Warning Signs
• The more warning signs, the greater the risk.
• Warning signs are especially important if the person has attempted suicide in the past.
• One sign alone may not indicate
suicidality but all signs are reason
for concern and several signs may
indicate suicidality, and any one of
three signs alone is cause for
immediate action.
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Warning Signs
27.2
13.8
5.1
• Previous suicide attempts
• Talking about, making a plan or threatening to complete suicide
• Withdrawal or isolation from friends, family or school activities
• Agitation, especially when combined with sleeplessness
• Nightmares
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Warning Signs
27.2
13.8
5.1
• Giving away prized possessions, making final arrangements, putting affairs in order
• Themes of death or depression in conversation, writing, reading or art
• Recent loss of a friend or family member through death, suicide or divorce
• Sudden dramatic decline or improvement in work
• Major mood swings or abrupt personality changes
• Changed eating habits or sleeping patterns
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Warning Signs
27.2
13.8
5.1
• Feeling hopeless or trapped
• Use or increased use of drugs and/or alcohol
• Chronic headaches and stomach aches, fatigue
• Neglect of personal appearance
• Taking unnecessary risks or acting reckless
• No longer interested in favorite activities or hobbies
• Unexplained anger, aggression or irritability
Direct Verbal Signs
• I’m going to kill myself.
• I wish I were dead.
• I’m going to commit suicide.
• I’m going to end it all.
• If ‘such and such’ doesn’t happen, I’ll kill myself.
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Indirect Verbal Clues
• I’m too tired of it all to go on any longer.
• My family would be better off without me.
• No one would care if was dead anyway.
• I just want out.
• That assignment/goal/job/future event won’t matter.
• You won’t have to worry about me much longer.
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Ask The Question
• Direct:
“Are you thinking of suicide/killing yourself?”
• Less Direct:
“You seem to be ________. Sometimes when people are ________, they think about suicide. Are you thinking of suicide/killing yourself?”
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Feb-20 21
Getting Help
• Get a commitment to accept help
and make arrangements and
contact family/friends
• Ensure student is not left alone
• Notify parents
• If student is deemed to be at high
risk, also contact mental health
agency where the student can go
for further help
Feb-20 22
Getting Help
27.2
13.8
5.1
• Call the Hotline 208-398-HELP (4357) or 800-273-TALK (8255)
• Call police if student is in possession of a weapon
• Follow up with parent and mental health agency
• Debrief staff involved
• Practice self-care
• Document everything!
Feb-20 23
Intervention Best Practice Planning
27.2
13.8
5.1
• Train entire school community
• Pre-screen mental health help
• Involve emergency personnel and police in planning
• Have protocols for when parents are unavailable or refuse to get child help
• Prepare for cultural and language barriers
Feb-20 24
School-Wide Prevention
27.2
13.8
5.1
• Train Gatekeeperso Ensure community resources are in placeo Train adults and youth separately
• Train Studentso Choose curriculum carefully (Sources of Strength, Good
Behavior Game)o Must address the code of silence, trusted adults, rarity
and warning signs – NEVER normalize suicidal behavior
• If screening – Use Caution: 1) Individually with properly trained screeners2) Follow-up with screened individuals3) Adequate number of staff to follow-up
Feb-20 25
Most Critical for Youth to Know
27.2
13.8
5.1
1. Suicide is rare
2. Suicide is not a common response to bullying
3. Suicide warning signs
4. Tell a trusted adult
5. Life and Death Issue = No code of silence
6. 208-398-HELP (4357) call/text
800-273-TALK (8255) call
Feb-20 26
What to Avoid in Talking to Youth
27.2
13.8
5.1
• Suicide statistics
• Suicide means/methods
• Excessive detail about suicide death
• Stories that are sad, shocking or traumatic
Feb-20 27
Paradigm Shift
27.2
13.8
“Your brain at positive performs
significantly better than at negative,
neutral or stressed.”
EnergyCreativityIntelligence
Shawn Achor, The Happiness Advantage, TEDxBloomington 2011
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What Does This Tell You?
27.2
13.8
17% of High School
Students
Use Tobacco
29
The Truth
27.2
13.8
83% of High School
Students
Don’t Use
Tobacco
Suicide Reality
40
Recovery from suicidality
is the norm!
Sources of Strength Primary Mission
Upstream Prevention
Sources of Strength Secondary
Benefit
• Peer Leaders are 4x more likely
to refer a suicidal friend or
student
Intervention
Effective Postvention is
Effective Prevention
Postvention
Upstream Prevention
Feb-20 32
Sources of Strength
27.2
13.8
5.1
Feb-20 33
How is Sources of Strength Different?
27.2
13.8
5.1
• Uses a strength-based resilience model to increase eight protective factors
• Uses diverse Peer Leaders to influence norms and behaviors
• Trains adults and youth
Feb-20 34
What Parents Can Do
o Talk to your child
o Listen without judgement
o Emphasize:• Belonging, Connection,
Capability & Resiliency• Examples:
• Dinner Together• Family History• Exercise Together• Volunteer Together
Feb-20 35
What Else Can Make a Difference?
27.2
13.8
5.1
Volunteerism changes the brain. Share what you have
done lately for someone.
Gratitude changes the brain. Text to someone what you are grateful for or thank them for being there for you.
Contact Us
Judy Gabert, ILP Program [email protected]
Ali Shields, ILP Regional [email protected]
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