Sugarcane Variety Improvement in Southeast Asia and … Variety Improvement in Southeast Asia and the Pacific for Enhanced and Sustainable Productivity – Germplasm and Disease Indexing

Sugarcane Variety Improvement in Southeast Asiaand the Pacific for Enhanced and SustainableProductivity – Germplasm and Disease IndexingComponents

For the period October 01 to September 30,2003, the project conducted sugarcane germplasmconservation and maintenance of the collection,morphological and cytological characterization,documentation and database development anddisease indexing and evaluation.

The germplasm component of the project hasan existing 930 accessions of sugarcane main-tained as field collection at the Institute of PlantBreeding (IPB), UP Los Baños. Characterizationwas conducted in IPB and PHILSURIN experimentstation on a total of 886 accessions 7 to 8 monthsand 10 to 12 months after planting (MAP) for 12main morphological characters. Analysis of datausing the Shannon-Weaver Diversity Index showeda diversity that ranged from 0.1756 to 1.000. Themean diversity index of 0.79 for both qualitativeand quantitative characters indicates a high levelof diversity of the morphological characters of theaccessions characterized.

A total of 11 accessions from Hawaii, Floridaand the Philippines were characterized cytologi-cally. Five (5) hybrids from the Philippines havechromosome number that ranged from 98 to 114chromosomes, three (3) hybrids from Hawaii hasa range of 66 to 122 chromosomes and three (3)hybrids from Florida, USA have a chromosomenumber ranging from 70 to 104.

New introductions from Bangladesh, Malay-sia, Indonesia and Thailand were indexed for leafscald using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), andfor sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) and ratoonstunting disease (RSD) using dot blot immuno-assay (DBIA). Visual observation was done foryellow leaf syndrome (YLS), grassy shoot disease

(GSD) and sheath rot disease (SRD) on plantsgrown in the greenhouse.

Six (6) varieties from Thailand and one (1)from Malaysia that yielded positive reaction to leafscald were subjected to cold soak for 24 hoursand long hot water treatment (50ºC for 2 hours),and on the second cycle of disease indexing werenegative to leaf scald, together with varieties fromBangladesh and Indonesia. The four (4) varietiesfrom Bangladesh and all varieties from Thailandthat yielded positive reaction to SCMV-B strainduring the first cycle of indexing were ratoonedand planting materials were hot water treated toeliminate disease-causing organisms. After thesecond cycle of indexing, only one variety fromBangladesh one variety from Malaysia and threevarieties from Thailand yielded positive reactionto mosaic. Materials that showed typical mosaicsymptoms were discarded and burned. The restof the varieties that were positive to mosaic dur-ing the first cycle of indexing showed negative re-action when indexed four months after emergence.This indicates that viruses like SCMV can be elimi-nated by hot water treatment but the response tothe treatment is influenced by the variety of thesugarcane. One variety each from Malaysia andThailand yielded positive reaction to RSD duringthe first cycle of indexing. After second cycle ofindexing, all introduced varieties from Bangladesh,Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand showed nega-tive reaction to RSD. Introduced varieties fromBangladesh, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailandwere ratooned and setts were subjected to longhot water treatment (LHWT), 50ºC for 2 hr. Fourvarieties from first batch of Bangladesh were trans-

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

ferred to open quarantine in Guimaras, Iloilo.Varieties from second batch of Bangladesh, Indo-nesia, Malaysia, and Thailand were replanted andthe scheme was repeated. The presence of YLSwas observed in one variety from Thailand andone variety from Bangladesh. Infected plants wererogued and burned. The presence of grassy shootdisease was observed in one variety from Thai-land. Infected plants were immediately discardedand burned. Sheath rot disease caused by Rhizoc-tonia sp. was observed in two varieties from In-donesia. Infected plants were collected and thecausal organism was isolated and identified.

A total of 293 plants were planted in the IPBquarantine greenhouse. Twenty eight (28) variet-ies from Bangladesh, Indonesia, Malaysia andThailand were transferred to Guimaras, Iloilo. Theplants were indexed for the presence of mosaicand leaf scald. Under open quarantine, these va-rieties did not exhibit any symptom of leaf scald.One variety from Bangladesh and one variety fromThailand were observed to have mosaic.

The sugarcane database named ‘CANEPOINT– Philippine Sugarcane Genetic Resources Dataand Information Management System’ is currentlyunder construction using Microsoft Access andalready 60% of the database was completed. Thedatabase contains all information on morphologi-cal characterization, photos of the whole plant,stalk, bud, leaf sheath, inner and outer auricle,ligule, inflorescence, representative diakinesis celland available pedigree of each germplasm collec-tion.

PROJECT 1Sugarcane Variety Improvement in South-

east Asia and the Pacific for Enhanced andSustainable Productivity – Germplasm Com-ponent

RESEARCH PERSONNELProject Leaders

Mr. Nestor C. AltoverosMr. Reynaldo B. QuilloyProject StaffMs. Visitacion C. HuelgasMr. Lavernee S. Gueco

Graduate Research AssistantsMr. Franco G. AsoroMs. Vida Grace O. SinohinLaboratory TechniciansMs. Marie B. AdisazMr. Leo G. Simpao

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The narrowing genetic base of most sugarcanecommercial varieties first noted in the 1960’sprompted sugarcane researchers and breeders tobe more conscious of the role of sugarcanegermplasm in increasing the variability in the ge-netic base. The effect of narrowing genetic basecan be noted in the increasing susceptibility of theformerly resistant commercial varieties.

The sugarcane genetic base is said to be al-ready exhausted or the proper characterizationand evaluation of it is limited. The lack of univer-sal, standard, and systematic characterization andevaluation procedures of sugarcane germplasm is

a big reason for the limited use of readily avail-able germplasm. Furthermore, the lack of it is asetback in the assessment of level of genetic di-versity present in the sugarcane germplasm.

Standardized descriptors for morphologicaland cytological characterization plus the newclasses of molecular markers will provide moreaccuracy in assessing the extent of genetic diver-sity and genotyping of the breeding materials. Itwill also provide the member institutions an ex-changeable data of germplasm for the efficient usein breeding programs.

Genetic diversity information that can be de-rived from characterization of sugarcanegermplasm will help to identify outstanding mor-phological and agronomic characters present inthe germplasm; determine the degree of relation-ships of the different accessions within and amongbreeding institutions; and design collecting andconservation programs. Also, this will providebenchmark data for the effective utilization of thegermplasm in sugarcane breeding programs andpre-breeding activities.

Documentation system including the comput-erized database is an indispensable tool in han-dling germplasm data. A systematic documenta-tion system will provide better data storage, dataretrieval, maintenance, processing, analysis andfor easier data exchange among institutions.

OBJECTIVES

1. GeneralTo conserve and characterize for medium and

long term the diversity of sugarcane germplasmand for germplasm exchange service.2. Specific

a. To conduct morphological and cytologicalcharacterization of the sugarcane germplasm

b. To construct a database of the sugarcanegermplasm collection.

RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS

1. Statement of Procedure/MethodologyConservation of Sugarcane Collection

Maintenance of the field collection is beingdone by cleaning, ratooning, thinning, fertilizationand by labeling the plots. The sugarcanegermplasm collection was maintained in two lay-

outs. Both the layouts have the distance of 1.5meters between rows 2.5 meters in length and 0.5meters between hills. The planting materials weretreated in hot water bath at 50°C to prevent infec-tion of possible fungal and some bacterial patho-gens. Missing accessions in the old germplasmcollection were noted. The missing accessions inthe genebank were checked with duplicates inPHILSURIN collection, which were then requestedto complete the germplasm collection at UPLB.

Characterization of Sugarcane GermplasmMorphological Characterization The standard-

ized sugarcane descriptor list developed by IPBand PHILSURIN during the previous year was usedto morphologically characterize the collections.Characterization was conducted on each of theaccessions 7 to 8 months and 10 to 12 monthsafter planting (MAP) for twelve main morphologi-cal characters namely: stool, leaf blade, leaf sheath,auricle, dewlap, ligule, stalk, bud and lodging ten-dency characters. The Royal Horticultural Soci-ety (RHS) color chart was used to specifically de-scribe colors in each character. For quantitativetraits, 10 plants were measured and the averagewas computed for each character.

The morphological data gathered were enteredinto MS Access for database development. Analy-ses of data for each character were conductedusing the Shannon-Weaver Diversity Index. Thisdiversity index was computed only for the 576accessions since data processing of thePHILSURIN planted accessions is not yet finished.

Cytological characterization Collection andfixation of microsporocytes in 3 parts 95% alco-hol: 1 part glacial acetic acid (v/v) were done be-tween 9 and 12 in the morning. After fixation themicrosporocytes were stored in 70% ethanol andferrous chloride (FeCl2) as mordant. Collection ofmicrosporocytes started in October 2002. For thisyear, collection was resumed in September 2003,which was the time of floral initiation. Slide prepa-ration was done using the modified iron-acetocarmine squash technique. Chromosomenumber of each accession was based on the chro-mosome count of 20 cells.

2. Brief Statement of ResultsConservation of the Sugarcane Germplasm

A total of 930 accessions of sugarcane are be-

Germplasm and Disease Indexing components

ing maintained in IPB, an increase of 29 acces-sions from last year. Missing accessions were re-quested from PHILSURIN. All of these germplasmcollections were regenerated starting July 2003and are currently being maintained with appro-priate cultural methods (Figure 1). From thesecollections, foreign collections came from 18 coun-tries, mostly from different sugar producing statesin the United States (Table 1).

Characterization of Sugarcane GermplasmMorphological Characterization The IPB group

planted 576 entries for characterization, while 310accessions were included in the simultaneouscharacterization activities in PHILSURIN Experi-ment Station (Appendix 1). However, there are stillremaining accessions that have to be character-ized, as these were not included in the first twobatches of characterization because of insufficientplanting materials. Accessions with lacking plantmaterials were regenerated for this year’s plant-ing/characterization.

The first set of morphological characterizationwas conducted from January to March 2003, asthere were two sets of planting (June 2002 andJuly 2003), for 7-8 MAP data (Figures 2 and 3).The characterization of germplasm for 10 to 12months after planting was conducted from May toJuly 2003 for all 576 entries in UPLB (Figure 4).The typhoons that occurred during the growthperiod damaged some accessions especially thelodging varieties (Figure 5).

Analysis of Morphological CharacterizationData. Qualitative Characters Figure 6 illustratesthe distribution of the accessions based on selectedmorphological characters namely: leaf erectness,sheath waxiness, dewlap shape, ligule shape.

From a total of 569 accessions, 325 accessionswere observed with erect stool habit; reclining andintermediate stool habit each has a total of 122accessions. As for stool tillering density, 330 ac-cessions have intermediate stool tillering, where5 to 8 tillers per stool were observed. A total of168 accessions have light tillering density (3 to 5tillers per stool) and 71 accessions had profusetillering density (>8 tillers per stool). None of theaccessions had poor tillering.

Erect leaves are more efficient in photosyn-thesis. From the observation from all matureleaves from the third-fourth leaf onward, a total

Figure 1. Sugarcane germplasm regeneration

Figures 2a and 2b. The June 2002 set of planting at 7 MAP

Figures 3a and 3b. The July set of planting at 7 MAP

Figure 4. Sugarcane staff examining leaf and stalkcharacters at 7 MAP.

Figures 4a-d. Characterization activities of sugarcane accessions at 10-12 MAP. Measurement of stalk characteristics (a and b),cross-section color (c). and brix reading (d).

Figure 5. Damaged sugarcane plots during last year typhoons and strong winds photo taken at 7 MAP.

above the growth ring (91 accessions).Quantitative characters Normal frequency

distribution of accessions was observed for sevenquantitative characters given in Figures 7a to 7f.

For plant height measured at 10-12 MAP, theheight of the accessions ranged from 318.2 cm(H39-3187) to 567.2 cm (VMC 69-490) and themean is 436.15 cm. Based on the frequency dis-tribution (Fig. 7), 115 or 20% of the accessionsheight that ranged from 436.2 cm to 455.1 cm.Two percent (14 accessions) of the accessions be-long to class that ranged from 360.30 cm andbelow. Also, 2% have plant of 511.98 and above.

Table 1. The number of sugarcane accessionsper country/institution of origin.

Accession 00Country of Number of00Code origin/institution Accessions

B, Ba Barbados 29CB Brazil 4UCW Cuba 1CR; D Dominican Republic 4FIJI; LF Fiji; Lautoka, Fiji 36FL Florida 1CP Florida (Canal Point) 98CL Florida (Clewiston) 4H Hawaii 90BO India 1CO India (Coimbatore) 30L Lousiana, US 2M Mauritius 12N; NCo Natal, South Africa 7NG Papua New Guinea 7* early varieties Philippines 3HPCO Philippines 1

(Hawaiian-Phil Co.)CAC Philippines 12

(UP College of Agri.)PSA Philippines 5

(Phil Sugar Assoc)P (PHIL) Philippines(SRA) 170VMC Philippines 209

(Victorias Milling Co.)HLI Philippines 4

(Hacienda Luisita Inc.)POJ Proefstation Oost 23

Java, IndonesiaPR Puerto Rico 6Q Queensland, Australia 42R Reunion, France 1SAIPAN Saipan 2SP Sao Paulo, Brazil 6F; ROC Taiwan (Formosa) 28TUC Texas 1K Thailand 1different names/codes unknown 57

of 209 accessions were observed to have curvedmiddle type of leaves, 157 had curved tip, 145accessions had bent tip and only 58 accessionshad erect tip leaf blade orientation. Based on theleaf sheath waxiness, 233 accessions had light waxon sheaths; medium and heavy wax on sheathswere observed on 168 and 158 accessions respec-tively. Only 10 accessions had no wax on sheaths.

The predominant dewlap shape is the tall tri-angular with convex upper and lower margins. Itaccounts for 251 accessions. A total of 181 acces-sions have triangular with basal horizontal mar-gin shape. No deltoid or triangular dewlap shapeswere observed from the accessions. Table 1. Thenumber of sugarcane accessions per country/in-stitution of origin.

The ligule is a membranous appendage ofsheath separating it from the blade. It is translu-cent and hyaline. The ligule is a diagnostic char-acter for cultivars (Purseglove, 1988). Almost 50%(283 accessions) of the accessions had crescentshape with lozenge ligule, 147 accessions had cres-cent and broad lozenge, while 111 accessionswhere observed with broad crescent shape. Noaccession was observed with arcuate shape ofligule.

The auricle is an earlike appendage on theupper edge of the sheath margin. The auricle maybe present or absent. Based on the 569 accessionscharacterized, 2 accessions (Phil 82-331-4098 andVMC 73-291) have no outer auricle but with aninner auricle, with shapes sloping transitional anddeltoid. In addition, 1 accession had no inner au-ricle (CP 77-1312) but with an outer auricle shapedsloping transitional. There were 217 accessionsobserved with straight transitional outer auricleand 194 accessions have sloping transitional. Onthe other hand, 146 accessions had sloping tran-sitional inner auricle and 113 accessions havestraight transitional inner auricle.

At the node, a single bud is located which mayvary in shape, size, color and hairiness accordingto cultivar. The most dominant bud shape ob-served from the accessions is roundish with wingsthat accounts for almost 50% (272 accessions) ofthe accessions. However, all types of bud shapewere observed in the collection. The bud tip posi-tion of most accessions (266 accessions) is belowthe growth ring. There were also accessions withbuds on the growth ring (193 accessions) and


Stalk length measured at 10-12 MAP, rangedfrom 200.80 (P58-260 and P59-686) to 291.02cm (VMC 69-490) with a mean of 396.40 cm.There are 106 (19%) accessions with stalk lengththat ranging from 255.76 to 273.38 cm. Therewere only 9 or 2% of the accessions that have stalklengths 220.49 cm and below, while there were15 or 3% that had stalk lengths of 361.54 cm andabove.

For the number of the internodes measuredfrom base to the internode below the top visibledewlap, the lowest count was only 17 while thehighest was 36. The mean number of internodesat 10-12 MAP was 26. There are 7 accessions or1% that have 20 internodes while there are 18accessions or 3% that have 33 internodes. Thereare 115 accessions or 20% that have internodethat ranges from 24.64 to 26.22.

Internode diameter measured at the base ofthe plant, ranged from 1.39 to 3.65 while the meanis 2.81 cm. There were 18 accessions or 3 % thathad 2.17 cm diameter and below while there werealso 1% (5 accessions) that had diameter rangingfrom 3.45 and above. Twenty–two percent or 125accessions had diameter that ranged from 2.815to 2.973 cm.

Internode diameter measured at the middlepart of the stalk, ranged from 1.43 to 3.52 cmwith a mean of 2.68 cm. There were 13 acces-sions (2 %)that had a diameter of 2.072 and be-low, while there were 8 accessions that had an internode diameter of 3.295 and above at middle part.

The diameter measured at topmost internoderanged from 1.2 to 3.28 cm with a mean of 2.20cm. A total of 203 accessions (36%) had diameterthat ranged 2.052 to 2.363 cm (two classes). Therewere 14 accessions (2%) that had diameters of1.582 cm and below, while there were also 9 ac-cessions (2%) that belonged to uppermost rangeof 2.833 cm diameter.

For measure of total soluble solids of the sug-arcane juice the data ranged from 7.2 as exhib-ited by accession CP 49-7 (from Canal Point,Florida) to 25.1 % brix as exhibited by M44-7/67(from Mauritius). The mean total soluble solid ofjuice is 20.41% brix.

Shannon-Weaver Diversity IndexThe morphological data gathered from char-

acterization of 569 sugarcane accessions were

Table 2. Shannon weaver diversity indices of56 morphological characters

00DESCRIPTORS0000000000000000SHANNON WEAVER INDEXDewlap margin undulation 1.0000Stool tillering habit 0.9994Leaf sheath trichomes quality 0.9992Leaf sheath presence of trichomes 0.9980Basal Internode length 0.9935Stool tops 0.9903Leaf blade texture 0.9819Stool leaf carriage 0.9811Stalk growth ring width 0.9621Bud hair 0.9508Stalk splits/ Cracks 0.9467Stool trashiness 0.9421Leaf blade erectness 0.9408Ligule hairiness 0.9379Bud base position 0.9333Stalk corky patch 0.9301Plant height 0.9073Stalk length 0.9045Number of internodes 0.9011Total soluble solids 0.9010Top internode diameter 0.9003Middle internode diameter 0.8944Middle internode length 0.8923Stool plant habit 0.8916Leaf sheath persistence of trichomes 0.8913Leaf width 0.8861Basal Internode diameter 0.8819Top internode length 0.8773Bud width 0.8746Bud length 0.8703Leaf length 0.8696Stalk corky cracks 0.8611Dewlap waxiness 0.8435Leaf sheath waxiness 0.8319Stalk node swelling 0.8294Bud tip position 0.8142Auricle outer shape 0.7967Auricle inner shape 0.7967Bud germpore position 0.7531Stalk root band shape 0.7065Lodging tendency 0.6755Stool tillering density 0.6742Stalk internode shape 0.6734Stalk number of rows of root primordia 0.6411Stalk waxiness 0.6253Dewlap shape 0.5951Bud prominence 0.5712Leaf blade margin pubescence 0.5324Solidness 0.5320Ligule shape 0.5026Bud shape 0.5019Stalk alignment 0.4521Bud groove expression 0.3966Stalk stripes on cane 0.2439Dewlap hair 0.2358Leaf blade presence of genetic freckles 0.1756Mean H 0.9615Mean H for Qualitative traits 0.7509Mean H for Quantitative traits 0.8967


Table 3. Sugarcane accessionswith cytological characterization.

0000Hybrid Chromosome CountryNumber (2n) of Origin

H 63-1933 82 – 104 HawaiiH 70-9385 86 – 122 HawaiiH 70-9563 66 – 118 HawaiiCP 52-68 104 – 110 Canal Point ,FloridaCP 70-1133 70 – 80 Canal Point ,FloridaCP 72-1210 80 – 100 Canal Point ,FloridaPhil 76-3961 100 – 110 PhilippinesPhil 80-5874 98 – 114 PhilippinesPhil 83-333-4097 98 – 110 PhilippinesPhil 83-700-0085 98 – 110 PhilippinesPhil 89-1233 98 – 110 Philippines

subjected to diversity analysis using the Shannon-Weaver diversity index. The diversity index has thehighest value of 1.0 with highest diversity and theleast value is 0 having the least diversity. The in-dices were computed for 56 sugarcane characterswith complete observation. The indices were com-puted using the formula:

H = - SðPi * log2PiThe 56 descriptors were from the stool, leaf

blade, leaf sheath, auricle, dewlap, ligule, stalk,and bud characters (Table 2). The highest diver-sity computed was on the dewlap margin undula-tion descriptor with a diversity index of 1.0, indi-cating that this character is very variable in sug-arcane germplasm. Based on 569 accessions, 50%of which have dewlap margin undulation while theremaining 50% has no margin undulation ob-served. On the other hand, the descriptor com-puted with the lowest diversity index value is thepresence or absence of leaf blade genetic freckles.It has a computed index of 0.17, 552 accessions(97%) has no genetic freckles on the leaf bladewhile 17 accessions (3%) has genetic freckles, in-dicating that this character is selected against inthe development of varieties.

It was observed that the other characters hav-ing the highest computed diversity index rangingfrom H=0.9003 to H=0.9994 are the following:(1) stool tillering habit, (2) leaf sheath trichomesquality, (3) leaf sheath trichomes, (4) basal inter-node length, (5) stool tops, (6) leaf blade texture,(7) stool leaf carriage (8) stalk growth ring, (9)bud hair, (10) stalk splits/ cracks, (11) stool trashi-ness, (12) leaf blade erectness, (13) ligule hairi-ness, (14) bud base position, (15) stalk corky

patch (16) plant height, (17) stalk length, (18)number of internodes, (19) total soluble solids and(20) internode diameter.

It was also noted that the mean diversity in-dex for quantitative traits (0.90) is higher thanthe qualitative traits (0.75), indicating that thequantitative traits in this sugarcane germplasmcollection are still very diverse, although we canattribute this diversity also to genotype x environ-ment interaction, since quantitative traits aregreatly affected by environment. The mean diver-sity index for qualitative traits which is 0.75 isstill a relatively high value for diversity index, re-flecting that most of the germplasm is still verydiverse when it comes to this type of characters.

The mean diversity index for all of the charac-ters is still very high (0.79), thus we can say thatthere is still high diversity in the germplasm in-cluded in the analysis. These germplasm collec-tions are assembly of different varieties from dif-ferent sugarcane breeding institutions in the coun-try and from other countries (Table 1).

Cytological characterization Eleven accessionsfrom Hawaii, Florida and the Philippines werecharacterized cytologically (Table 3). Three acces-sions are hybrids from Hawaii, five are hybridaccessions from the Philippines and three are hy-brid accessions from Florida, USA. The chromo-some count for each accession was derived from50 cell samples at diakinesis stage.

Table 4 represents the frequency of differentchromosomal association at diakinesis and chro-mosome numbers of five Saccharum hybrids fromthe Philippines. Phil 76-3961 has a chromosomenumber ranging from 100 to 110. Both Phil 83-333-4097 and Phil 89-1233 and Phil 83-700-0085have chromosome numbers ranging from 98 to110. Phil 80-5874 has the highest range of chro-mosome number from 98 to 114 (Barcial, 2003).

Considering 50 diakinesis cells of the 5 Phil-ippine hybrids, 50 bivalents, a total of 100 chro-mosomes were observed as the highest frequencyfor Phil 80-5874 with 18% of the cells, Phil 89-1233 and Phil 83-700-0085 has 22% and 26% ofthe cells respectively. As for Phil 79-3961 and Phil83-333-4097 only 14% of the cells observedshowed 50 bivalents against 20% of the cells ob-served from Phil 79-3961 with 53 bivalents, a to-tal of 106 chromosomes and 20% of the cells ob-served from Phil 83-333-4097 with 51 bivalents


Table 4. Chromosome numbers and different chromosomal association at diakenesis of five Saccharum hybrids from thePhilippines.

Accession Chromosomal association Frequency (%) Chromosome Number (2n)Bivalent Univalent

Phil 76-3961 49505051525355 4200000 412142016148 100 - 104Phil 80-5874 494950515152535557 040400000 46184141414128 98 - 114Phil 83-333-4097 49495050505151525355 2024040000 21244146101288 98 - 110Phil 83-700-0085 495050505151525355 024040000 6622621818128 98 - 110

Table 5. Chromosome numbers and different chromosomal association at diakenesis of five Saccharum hybrids from Hawaii.


H 63-1933 404043464748495052 242002020 414226262422 82848892949898102104H 70-9385 43444546475052545659 0000004224 14410262881286 8688909294100108110114122H 70-9563 333538424345464748505253545658 000000000042242 2248216241012228202667076848690929496100108108110116118

Table 6. Chromosome numbers and different chromosomal association at diakenesis of three Saccharum hybrids from CanalPoint, Florida


CP 52-68 5251525354 2412 864442 104104108107110CP 70-1133 353433373640 243 8264224 707070747580CP 72 1210 403844464748 23234 7864462 8080919497100

Figure 8. Cells of Sacchrum hybrids from the Philippines


with 102 chromosomes. The accessions show lowfrequency of univalents. Phil 76-3961 and Phil 83-333-4097 had the highest univalent frequency of16% (Figure 8).

Table 5 shows the chromosome number andthe frequency of different chromosomal configu-rations observed at diakinesis of the sugarcanehybrids from Hawaii. From 50 cells observed, H63-1933 has the number of chromosomes rang-ing from 82 to 104, H 70-9385 has the range of86 to 122 and H 70-9563 has the chromosomenumber ranging from 66 to 118 (Garcia, 2003).

Based on 50 cells observed at diakinesis ofeach hybrid, 42% of the cells of H 63-1933 havethe configuration of 50 bivalents and 2 univalentsthat totals to 100 chromosomes. Further, the samehybrid also has 26% of the cells with 46 bivalents,a total of 93 chromosomes. As for H 70-9385 28%of the cells observed have 50 bivalents, a total of100 chromosomes. H 70-9563 has 20% of the cellswith 56 bivalents and 4 univalents that total to116 chromosomes, also 16% of the cells wereobserved to have 45 bivalents, a total of only 90chromosomes (Figure 9).

From the above findings, the most variableaccession observed was H 70-9563, with 15 dif-ferent chromosome configuration and 14 differ-ent chromosome count.

Table 6 represents the frequencies of differ-ent chromosomal configuration of diakinesis cellsof sugarcane hybrids from Florida, USA, CP 52-68 was observed to have a chromosome numberranging from 104 to 110. Based on 50 cells, 86%of the observed cells showed 52 bivalent chromo-some configurations that totals to 104 chromo-somes. As for CP 70-1133, chromosome numberranges from 70 to 80 and 82% of the cells ob-served have 35 bivalents (Figure 10). CP 72-1210,78% of its cells observed showed 40 bivalents, thetotal chromosome range from 80 to 100 chromo-somes (Yap, 2003).

CP 72-1210 and CP 70-1133 are half sibs,having one common parent cultivar, CP 56-63. Asfor CP 70-1133, only one parent is known. Bothparents of CP 72-1210 are known, these are CP65-357 and CP 56-63. These accessions arepresent in the germplasm collection and both werecharacterized.

Figure 9. Cells of Sacchrum hybrids from Hawaii Figures 10a-b. Cells of Sacchrumhybrids from Canal Point, Florida


Figure 6. Distribution of accessions based on selected qualitative morphological characters


Figures 7a-g. Frequency distribution of accessions based on selected quantitative morphological characters(classes based on Shannon-Weaver for quantitative characters.


Microsporocytes were collected from a totalof 214 accessions from September 2002 to Janu-ary 2003. To date, collection of other microspo-rocytes is being conducted.

Database ConstructionData entry from raw data generated from both

IPB-UPLB and VMC characterization was con-ducted from July 2003 until present. Construc-tion of the sugarcane database named‘CANEPOINT- Philippine Sugarcane Genetic Re-sources Data and Information Management Sys-tem’ is currently being conducted using MicrosoftAccess, with 60 percent of the database now com-pleted. The database which will be available bothin compact disc (CD) form and hard copy. In ad-dition, the database contains all available pass-port data, as well as information from morpho-logical and cytological characterization. Photos ofthe whole plant (6 MAP), stalk (node below thefirst dry leaf from top), bud (same internode fromtop), leaf sheath, inner auricle, outer auricle, ligule,inflorescence, and representative diakinesis cell.Below are the opening page of the database (Fig-ure 11) and the data entry form in MS Access ofthe database (Figure 12).

Graduate AssistantshipThe Graduate Research Assistant (GRA)

started her program in Master of Science in PlantGenetic Resources Conservation and Management(PGR), to date, 9 units of course work have beencompleted.

Figure 11. The proposed opening page of the database inMS Access.

Figure 12. The data entry form in MS Access.


PROJECT 1Sugarcane Variety Improvement in South-

east Asia and the Pacific for Enhanced andSustainable Productivity - Disease IndexingComponent

PROJECT PERSONNEL

F. M. Dela Cueva, Project LeaderM. P. De Ocampo, Grad. Res. Asst. (M. Sc.)B. P. Welgas, LaborerM. A. Dreje, Laboratory Technician

OBJECTIVES

1. to index introduced varieties of sugarcanefor the presence of diseases using nucleic acid-based and antibody-based techniques

2. to evaluate introduced varieties for the pres-ence of diseases under open quarantine

HIGHLIGHTS OF ACCOMPLISHMENT

A. Indexing of introduced varieties of sug-arcane under post-entry greenhouse condition

LEAF SCALD (Xanthomonas albilineans)Sugarcane plants were indexed for leaf scald

disease caused by Xanthomonas albilineansusing Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Leaf dif-fusate was used in PCR assay. Specific primers,PGBL1 and PGBL2, developed by Pan were usedin the amplification of DNA. This primer setyielded 438 base pairs DNA product (Fig.1).

Results showed that during the first cycle ofindexing, one variety from Malaysia (82-1089), andsix varieties from Thailand (K8865, K8892,K8469, K8887, K84-200 and K76-4) yielded posi-tive reaction to leaf scald. Most of the plants thatwere positive to leaf scald through PCR were as-ymptomatic under greenhouse condition butyielded strong bands when assayed using specificPCR primers (Table 1). It was noted however, thattypical symptoms of the disease such as whitepencil-line streaks started to appear six monthsafter planting.

Ten to twelve months after planting, all theintroduced varieties were ratooned. Planting ma-terials from these varieties were subjected to coldsoak for 24 hours and long hot water treatment(50ºC for 2 hours). These materials were plantedfor second cycle of disease indexing.

Results of second cycle of indexing showed thatvarieties from Bangladesh, Indonesia, Malaysiaand Thailand were negative to leaf scald.

SUGARCANE MOSAIC VIRUS (SCMV)Indexing for sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV)

was done using Dot Blot ImmunoAssay (DBIA).These were indexed using SCMV–specific antibody(SCMV-B strain) (Fig. 2).

During the first cycle of indexing, four variet-ies from Bangladesh (ISD 20, ISD 24, ISD 28 andISD 29), and all varieties from Thailand yieldedpositive reaction to SCMV-B strain. All the variet-ies were ratooned and planting materials were hotwater treated to eliminate the virus and otherdisease-causing organisms. After second cycle of

Fig. 1. Symptoms of sugarcane leaf scald disease (a) and agarose gel of polymerase chainreaction (PCR) products using Xa specific primers.

Fig. 2. (a) Healthy sugarcane; (b) Symptoms of sugarcane mosaic virus and (c) dot blot immunoassay usingSCMV-specific antibody.

Fig. 3. Symptoms of ratoon stunting disease (a) and dot blot immunoassay using RSD-specific antibody (b).

Fig. 4. Symptoms of yellow leaf syndrome. Fig. 5. Symptoms of grassy shoot disease ofsugarcane.


indexing, only one variety from Bangladesh (ISD30), one variety from Malaysia (GP76-3642), andthree varieties from Thailand (K8865, K84-200and K76-4) yielded positive reaction to mosaic,but not all plants were infected. Materials thatshowed typical mosaic symptoms were discardedand burned. The rest of the varieties that werepositive to mosaic during the first cycle of index-ing showed negative reaction when indexed fourmonths after emergence. This indicates that vi-ruses like SCMV can be eliminated by hot watertreatment but the response to the treatment isinfluenced by the variety of the sugarcane.

RATOON STUNTING DISEASE (RSD)Indexing of varieties for the presence of ratoon

stunting disease was done using Dot BlotImmunoAssay (DBIA) (Fig. 3).

After first cycle of indexing, four varieties fromBangladesh (ISD 20, ISD 21, ISD 24 and ISD 28),two varieties from Indonesia (PS862 and PS80-1007), one variety from Malaysia (GPB-5), and onevariety from Thailand (K8865) yielded positivereaction to RSD. After second cycle of indexing,all introduced varieties from Bangladesh, Indo-nesia, Malaysia and Thailand showed negativereaction to RSD (Table 1).

Introduced varieties from Bangladesh, Indo-nesia, Malaysia, and Thailand were ratooned andsetts were subjected to long hot water treatment(LHWT), 50ºC for 2 hr. Four varieties from thefirst batch of Bangladesh materials (ISD 16, ISD20, ISD 24 and ISD 28) were transferred to openquarantine in Guimaras, Iloilo. Varieties from sec-

ond batch of Bangladesh, Indonesia, Malaysia, andThailand were replanted and the scheme was re-peated.

YELLOW LEAF SYNDROME (YLS)The presence of YLS, that is, yellowing of mid-

rib of sugarcane, was observed in one variety fromThailand (K8887) and one variety fromBangladesh (ISD 20) (Fig. 4). Infected plants wererogued and burned.

GRASSY SHOOT DISEASEThe presence of grassy shoot disease was ob-

served in one variety from Thailand (K8865) (Fig.5). Infected plants were immediately discarded andburned to prevent further spread of the diseaseinside the greenhouse.

SHEATH ROTSheath rot disease caused by Rhizoctonia sp.

was observed in two varieties from Indonesia(PS86-10029 and PS80-1007). Infected plantswere collected and the causal organism was iso-lated and identified.

B. Status of sugarcane in PEQG, IPB

A total of 293 plants were planted in Post-En-try Quarantine Greenhouse of the Institute of PlantBreeding (Fig. 6). Thirty-six plants were from sec-ond batch of Bangladesh varieties; 63 plants werefrom Indonesia varieties (27 from 1st batch and36 from 2nd batch); 54 plants from Malaysia; and140 from Thailand varieties (81 from 1st batch

Fig 6. Different stages of growth of introduced varieties of sugarcane at post-entry quarantine greenhouse, IPB

Fig 9. Disease assessment in introduced varieties under open quarantine condition in Guimaras, IloiloCity.

Fig. 7. Planting of introduced varieties in plastic bags before transplanting to open quarantine condition.

Fig. 8. Different stages of growth of introduced varieties under open quarantine condition in Guimaras,Iloilo.


and 59 from 2nd batch). Plants from Bangladesh,Indonesia, Malaysia, and first batch of Thailandvarieties were plants from first ratoon. The totalnumber of plants per variety is listed in Table 2.The second batch of Thailand varieties was plantedin July 2003. One variety from Thailand (K76-4)was rogued and burned due to mosaic. Mosaicinfections persisted even after the plants were sub-jected to cold soak and long hot water treatment.

C. Status of sugarcane in Guimaras, Iloilo

A total of 28 varieties from Post Entry Quar-antine Greenhouse of the Institute of Plant Breed-ing were transferred to Guimaras, Iloilo (Table 3).Out of 28varieties, 9 came from Bangladesh, 7from Indonesia, 6 from Malaysia, and 6 from Thai-land. The first batch of Bangladesh varieties (ISD16, ISD 20, ISD 24, and ISD 28) were transferredand planted in November 2002 (Fig. 7). The plantswere indexed for the presence of mosaic and leafscald. Under open quarantine, these varieties didnot exhibit any symptom of leaf scald (Table 1).Samples collected from these materials were in-dexed for the presence of the bacterium using PCRbut not a single sample yielded positive resultsindicating the absence of Xanthomonasalbilineans, the cause of sugarcane leaf scald dis-ease.

The second batch of varieties fromBangladesh, Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailandwere transferred and planted in June 2003 (Fig.8). After emergence, all materials were evaluatedfor the presence of diseases such as mosaic anddowny mildew. One variety from Bangladesh (ISD24) and one variety from Thailand (K8469) werecut and burned due to mosaic (Fig. 9).

GRADUATE ASSISTANTSHIPThe Graduate Research Assistant who is

majoring in Plant Pathology with Plant Breedingas cognate has already earned thirty (30) units ofcourse work. She will start her thesis this semes-ter (Second Sem., 2003-2004).

References:Balakrishnan R. N.V. Nair and T.V. Sreenivasan.2000. A method for es-tablishing a core collection of Saccharum officinarum L. germplasmbased on quantitative-morphological data.Barcial, Donalyn S. 2003. Morphological and cytological studies of fiveSaccharum hybrids from the Philippines. Unpublished UndergraduateThesis. University of the Philippines, Los Baños, Laguna.Cordiero G.M. 2001. Molecular marker system for sugarcane germplasmanalysis. In Plant Genotyping: The DNA Fingerprinting of Plants, R.J.Henry, ed. CAB International.Garcia, N.S. 2003. Morphological and Cytological Studies of three sug-arcane (Saccharum sp.) hybrids from Hawaii. Unpublished Undergradu-ate Thesis. University of the Philippines, Los Baños, Laguna.Hienz D. J (ed.). 1987 Sugarcane Improvement through Breeding,Elsevier, New York.Hienz D.J. 1991. Sugarcane Cytogenetics. In Chromosome Engineer-ing in Plant Genetics, Breeding and Evolution. Part B. P.K. Gupta and T.Tsuchiya. Eds. Elsevier Science Publisher. Amsterdam.Janoo N. et al. 1999. Molecular investigation on the genetic base ofsugarcane cultivars. Theoritical and Applied Genetics: 99: 171-184.Kennedy A.J. 2001. Genetic base broadening in the West Indies sugar-cane breedinf program by the incorporation of wild species. In Broad-ening the Genetic Base of Crop Production. Cooper et al (eds.) IPGRI/FAO.Mendoza T.C. 1993. An analysis of the Philippine sugarcane breedingprogram: some insights and recommendations. The Philippine Agricul-turist 76:147-154.Nair et al. 1999. Analysis of genetic diversity and phylogeny in Saccha-rum and related genera using RAPD markers. Genetic Resources andCrop Evolution 46: 73-79.Nair et al. 1998. Variability for quantitative traits in exotic hybridgermplasm of sugracne. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 45:459-464..Ramdoyal K. and Badaloo G.H. 2002. Prebreeding in Sugarcane with aEmphasis on the Programme of Mauritius Sugar Industry Research In-stitute. In Managing Plant Genetic Diversity, Engels J.M.M. et al, eds .IPGRI. Rome Italy.Yap, Jose Kenneth C. 2003. Morphological and cytological studies ofthree interrelated Saccharum hybrids from California. Unpublished un-dergraduate thesis. University of the Philippines, Los Baños, Laguna.


Table 1. Results of disease indexing of Bangladesh, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, CIRAD (France) andAustralia varieties for leaf scald, SCMV and RSD.

VarietiesLeaf scald SCMV RSD

1st cycle 2nd cycle Open quarantine 1st cycle 2nd cycle Open quarantine 1st cycle 2nd cycleBangladesh1st batchISD 16 - - - - - - - -ISD 20 - - - + - - + -ISD 24 - - - + + + + -ISD 28 - - - + - - + -

2nd batchISD 21 - - - - + -ISD 25 - ND - ND - NDISD 29 - - + - - -ISD 30 - - - + - -ISD 31 - - - - - -

Indonesia1st batchPS81-362 - - - - - -PS10029 - - - - - -PSGM5052 - - -PSBM9044 - -PSCO90-2411 - -

2nd batchPS90-3092 - - - - - -PS862 - - - - + -PS863 - - - - - -PS851 - - - - - -PS80-1007 - - - - + -

MalaysiaGP76-3642 - - - + - -82-1089 + - - - - -GPB-5 - - - - + -80-13-90 - - - - - -80-A-1867 - - - - - -GP76-321 - - - - -

ThailandUthong-1 - - + - - -K8865 + - + + + -K8892 + - + - - -K8469 + - + + - -K8887 + - + - - -K84-200 + - + + - -K76-4 + - + + - -


Table 2. Total number of plants pervariety in PEQG, IPB.

Varieties Number of plantsBangladesh2nd batchISD 25 0ISD 21 7ISD 30 10ISD 29 9ISD 31 10

Indonesia1st batchPS81-362 10PS86-10029 9PSGM5052 82nd batchPS863 4PS862 9PS90-3092 7PS851 10PS80-1007 6

Malaysia80-A-1867 8GP76-321 1082-1089 10GPB-5 8GP76-3642 1080-1390 8

Thailand1st batchUthong-1 27K8865 13K8469 0K8887 2K8892 9K84-200 15K76-4 152nd batchK91-216 9K91-253 9K92-80 10K92-181 16K92-213 15

Table 3. Total number of plantsper variety in Guimaras, Iloilo.

Varieties No. of plantsBangladeshISD 16 1278ISD 20 1163ISD 21 182ISD 24 957ISD 28 641ISD 29 157ISD 30 38ISD 31 171

IndonesiaPS81-362 24PS851 42PS862 63PS863 48PS80-1007 79PS92-3092 0PSGM5052 109

Malaysia80-1390 2380-A-1867 14382-1089 192GPB-5 66GP76-321 84GP76-3642 65

ThailandUthong-1 314K8865 121K8469 41K8887 103K8892 107K84-200 81



Phil 660755NG208H63-8369Phil 74-95M22Phil 78-08Phil 74-64Phil 77-61Phil 74-99Phil 58-260H66-46-69Phil 53-3357NG47Phil 56-95VMC 71-148H60-84B34-321

H61-1664M44-7/67Phil 83-1309-1795Phil 90-0799M52-473Phil 58-451B43-164B46-364B37-172B46-3646Phil 75-39LF 73-211B51-414Phil 6319H58-8070B34-39B54-142Phil 85-313-4179Phil 75-35LF 33-53B54-227B54-80B39-248M99/44CP 29-291B55-415Phil 82-753-2551Phil 83-1015-4669B60-321N-21B80-457F155BA11569/163N-23BAROUKHAF 157Phil 91-0707BRAZILIANSAIPAN 17LCP 86-454

Phil 79-161-1497

Phil 83-260-3903

CAC 57-44Phil 55-200Phil 83-700-0085Phil 53-147Phil 83-129-3401N-24Phil 6111Phil 83-24-5471 TCPhil 83-1309-1715CP 70-330Phil 53-200NCO 290Phil 89-1233Phil 71-15KASSEORPhil 89-0621Phil 85-17-4309

CAC 57-26(?)H 38-2915(5915?) purplestalkCASTORF156Phil 80-11POJ 1228(?)CB47-13Phil 90-0343NCO 339CP 36-111NCO 79VMC 5225CL 41-45F 168CL 54-1910POJ 2753Phil 6317CO 281CO313VMC 74-527Phil 65-53CP 72-370VMC 5238H59-3775VMC 69-490POJ 2775B40-96Phil 64-21Phil 71-17CO 421CP 67-611CP 70-1153CP 70-321Phil 84-155-0799CP 36-105

CP 56-526Phil 84-18-4309CP 29-116CP 47-15CP 36-13CO 6806COL 39NG 172NG 48/54LF 79-725(?)OGLES SELECTIONPhil 6559LF 71-657P 51-414CO 57-542CO 449LF 74-3305CP 36-183CO 975LF 31-346LF 79-2165CP 36-609CP 77-1312LF 71-725Phil 82-331-4098P 51-56Phil 79-3319Phil 60-23Phil 81-304-3149COS 715CP 44-55P 54-420IM 477clone 133Phil 83-546-0897Phil 83-331-4098MALIPhil 73-23Phil 76-3961CP 34-78Phil 77-47Phil 84-468-6525CP 36-116CO 951LF 73-85CP 52-1clone 705CL 59-994H58-1029CP 29-103Phil 84-471-535CP 52-43Phil 77-97Phil 81-466-3201CP55-164Phil 81-571-0669TRITONPhil 83-333-4097

SERIUSCP 56-59CP 57-604EROSPhil 73-29VESTACOS 443CO421CP63-306CAC 298CP 66-246LF 68-10204BO 208M 63/39CAC 310LF 79-3336CP 67-412CO 285VMC 47-138CP 67-413Phil 76-803Phil 61-15P 56-392B43-337H66-6729CP71-345H65-4825CP 49-7CO 70-321CP 72-1210H 62-1418CO 785CO 527H 52-3860CO 63-558H 54-5021CO 57-54LF 71-4144LF 71-689H56-4501LF 71-8334CB 45-3LF 71-2693Phil 81-8164LF 63-863Phil 56-226H 57-2516H 32-3860CP 70-1527LF 79-470Q 96P 57-57H57-5013LF 55-8283LF 79-3240H58-655CLOW GREENH59-3360

Appendix 1. List of accessions planted in IPB characterization plots.

List of accession planted on June 2002 (1-300)

H60-2315CO 19CB 4715Phil 5911Phil 6011Phil 5917CP 50-28LF 79-3461CO 301F 138POJ 213CAC 257Phil 79-4-2583CP 72-1861CO 467Phil 85-399-3083Phil 86-782-1545H 65-8055CAC 71-250CP 72-330

H 61-1313H 62-3542H 63-1483H 63-1933H 64-5542H 64-961H 65-2857H 65-5401H 65-8001H 65-8021H 66-8460H 66-8531H 67-1003H 67-5597H 70-1129(1179?)H 70-9054H 70-9055H 70-9386H 70-9388H 70-9563H 74-775HIND SPECIALHoCP85-845JAPONESAKEWALIL 61-67LCP 85-384LUZON WHITEM 1030/71M 13/56M 227/62M 93/48NG 172P 56-1010P 56-43

P 58-260P 59-1521(1512?)P 59-686P 60-17P 60-496P 60-498P 61-142(412?)P 61-582P 62-11P 63-89P 64-2227P 64-25P 64-61P 65-59P 66-07P 70-1346P 74-64P 80-13P 80-93P 84-77PADILYA BEKURPB 52-1PHIL 61-587POJ 1337POJ 1825POJ 234POJ 2364(3364?)POJ 246POJ 2714POJ 2747POJ 2802POJ 286POJ 2976POJ 501

List of accession planted on July 2002 (301-576)

H 32-3633Phil 80-4-0213Phil 80-5803Phil 80-5874CP 72-356Phil 86-740-1315(?)CP 74-2005Phil 81-350-4797CP 75-347(327?)H 62-5342CAC 71-224Phil 70-20-1269Phil 79-3013Pampanga RedPhil 80-4-5619Phil 80-93CP 75-530CAC 343H 64-4819CP 77-403

Phil 79-27-0019Phil 87-453-0733Phil 79-198-2233Phil 80-5839CP 78-1628Phil 80-13Phil 80-0483Phil 80-5669Phil 80-8-0635CP 78-2114CP 78-305CP 80-1827CP81-1485(1425?)CR 64-143(CP?)D171/39EBENE 1/37F111F131F146F150

F157F164F31-436FIJI 2FIJI 57FL 136H 30-3187H 32-1063H 32-1178H 32-3677H 38-2115H 39-3180H 50-770

PR 1059PR 1117PR 902PR 905PR 908PS-1PSA46PT33-85Q 110Q 119Q 120Q 122Q 124Q 134Q 155Q 33Q 44(144?)Q 50Q 53Q 55Q 60Q 64Q 67Q 68Q 69Q 80Q 81Q 83Q 86Q 87Q 90Q 98ROC 3ROC 6

ROC 9ROC 10S 72X2S 72X4S 72X11S 72X12S 72X20SAIPANSEQUAPKAKSG 63/62SJ 16SP 70-1284SP 70-3370SP 71-799SP 71-6113SP 74-1194UCW 54-63US 1694US 61-371VMC 26-283(76-283?VMC 67-120VMC 67-155VMC 67-273VMC 67-283VMC 67-302VMC 67-315VMC 67-318VMC 67-342VMC 67-347VMC 67-354VMC 67-414VMC 67-438VMC 67-467VMC 67-492

VMC 67-542VMC 67-611VMC 67-615VMC 68-368VMC 68-438VMC 68-668VMC 68-671VMC 68-742VMC 68-774VMC 69-166VMC 69-398VMC 69-409VMC 69-420VMC 70-373VMC 71-410VMC 71-98VMC 72-209VMC 72-25VMC 72-347VMC 72-410VMC 73-129VMC 73-187VMC 73-291VMC 73-308VMC 75-361VMC 76-105VMC 76-114VMC 76-16VMC 76-161VMC 76-305VMC 76-372VMC 76-756VMC 77-79VMC 78-414VMC 78-436VMC 79-165VMC 79-209VMC 79-291VMC 79-292VMC 79-409VMC 79-649VMC 80-125VMC 80-547VMC 80-568VMC 80-585VMC 80-604VMC 80-693VMC 81-202VMC 81-21AVMC 81-27AVMC 81-319VMC 81-379VMC 81-95VMC 82-1073VMC 82-1156VMC 82-1205VMC 82-1669VMC 82-559

VMC 82-668VMC 82-699VMC 82-727VMC 82-844VMC 82-878VMC 83-595VMC 83-607VMC 83-693VMC 83-773VMC 84-194VMC 84-497VMC 84-928VMC 85-05(85-02?)VMC 85-133VMC 85-40VMC 85-73VMC 85-990VMC 86-01VMC 86-155VMC 86-314VMC 86-479VMC 86-550VMC 86-551VMC 86-556VMC 86-95VMC 87-120VMC 87-169VMC 87-226VMC 87-23VMC 87-349VMC 87-366VMC 87-493VMC 87-530VMC 87-544VMC 88-148VMC 88-174VMC 88-264VMC 88-332VMC 88-334VMC 88-416VMC 88-428VMC 88-482VMC 88-511VMC 88-534VMC 88-88VMC 89-135VMC 89-405VMC 89-472VMC 89-76ZEBROFMENTORM 555/60H 65-8425P 67-23CP 43-47H 68-554CP 72-2086Q 88

H 39-3187VMC 89-506CP 74-322VMC 80-181VMC 87-498VMC 72-126VMC 86-556P 56-1048Phil 7270HLI 288HLI 271HLI 267-65HLI 267Phil 7139Phil 8583Phil 8477Phil 6226Phil 83-260-3903CAC 57-44Phil 83-700-0085LF 79-3330plot # 901 in oldLF 3215

Implementing AgencyInstitute of Plant Breeding (IPB)College of Agriculture (CA)University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB)College, Laguna 4031

Funding AgencyCommon Fund for Commodities (CFC) through thePhilippine Sugar Research Institute Foundation Inc.

(PHILSURIN)

Implementing AgencyLead Agency

Institute of Plant Breeding (IPB), College of Agriculture(CA) UP Los Baños (UPLB) Collaborating AgencyPhilippine Sugar Research Institute Foundation Inc.(PHILSURIN)

Project SitesIPB-CA- UPLB and PHILSURIN Experiment Station

Project Duration5 years

Period Covered by this ReportOctober 2002 to September 2003

Research Leaders:Project Coordinator

Dr. Desiree M. HauteaUniversity Research ProfessorGenetics; Agronomy; Plant Genetics

Project LeaderProf. Nestor C. AltoverosUniversity ResearcherPlant Genetic Resources Conservation

Project LeaderDr. Fe M. de la CuevaUniversity ResearcherPlant Pathology

Project LeaderMr. Reynaldo B. QuilloyUniversity ResearcherAgricultural Management

Research Staff:Project Staff

Ms. Visitacion C. HuelgasMr. Lavernee S. Gueco

Graduate Research Assistant (for PGR)Mr. Franco G. Asoro(Feb 1, 2002-June 22, 2003)Ms. Vida Grace O. Sinohin(June 23, 2003 –present)

Graduate Research Assistant (for Plant Pathology)Ms. Marjorie P. de Ocampo

Liaison for Project CoordinationMs. Virma Rea G. Lee

Laboratory TechnicianMs. Marie B. Adisaz

Data EncoderMr. Leo G. Simpao

BASIC INFORMATIONTitle of the Project

Sugarcane Variety Improvement in Southeast Asia and the Pacific for Enhanced andSustainable Productivity – Germplasm and Disease Indexing Components

Research Personnel


Documents

Sugarcane Variety Improvement in Southeast Asia and … Variety Improvement in Southeast Asia and the Pacific for Enhanced and Sustainable Productivity – Germplasm and Disease Indexing