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IntroductionIELTS is the International English Language Testing System. It tests all four language skills: listening, reading, writing and speaking. It is intended for people who want to study or work in an English-speaking country.

There are two versions of the test, the Academic and the General Training module. The Academic module is for those who want to study or train in an English-speaking university. University admission to undergraduate and postgraduate courses is based on the results of the Academic test.

The General Training module is mainly for those who are going to English-speaking countries to do secondary education or get a job and focuses on basic survival skills in social and workplace environments.

The Speaking test is the same for both the Academic and the General Training modules, so this book is appropriate for candidates preparing for either of the two versions of the IELTS exam.

The Speaking test consists of a discussion with an examiner and lasts I I - 14 minutes with three parts. In Part I , candidates have to answer personal questions about themselves and their families. In Part 2, they have to speak about a topic and in Part 3, they have a longer discussion on the same topic.

ContentsIELTS SPEAKING GUIDE

analysing all the different task types of the IELTS Speaking Section

Page 5

Unit 1Travel

Page 31

Unit 2life in the 21st Century

Page 38

Unit3Art and Culture

Page 48

Unit4The Animal inngAwn Page 56

UnitSHome

Page 64

Unit6Fjifrarinn Page 68

Unit 7Planet Earth

Page 76

Unit 8Technology

Page 86

Unit 9Crime

Page 96

Unit 10Health

Page 104

Published by GLOBAL ELT LTDwww.globalelt.co.ukCopyright GLOBAL ELT LTD, 2012

Every effort has been made to trace the copyright holders and we apologise in advance for any unintentional omission.We will be happy to insert the appropriate acknowledgements in any subsequent editions.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission in writing of the Publisher. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages.

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record of this book is available from the British Library.

Succeed in IELTS Speaking - Student s Book - ISBN: 978-1-78164-015-9 Succeed in IELTS Speaking - Teachers Book - ISBN: 978-1-78164-016-6 Succeed in IELTS Speaking - Self-Study Edition - ISBN: 978-1-78164-017-3

The authors and publishers wish to acknowledge the foNowing use of material:The photos in Units I - 10 Ingram Publishing Image Library - www. 123rf.com Image Library

IELTS FORMAT

Academic ModuleFor entry to undergraduate or postgraduate studies or for professional reasons.

General Training ModuleFor entry to vocational or training programmes not at degree level, for admission to secondary school and f6r immigration purposes.

The test Modules are taken in the following order:M ODULE Q U ESTIO N S TIME Q UESTIO N TYPES

Listeningmultiple choice, short-answer questions,

4 sections, approximately sentence completion, notes, form, table, 40 items 30 minutes summary, flow-chart completion, labelling a

diagram/map/plan, classification, matching

AcademicReading

General Training Reading

AcademicWriting

3 sections, 40 items

3 sections, 40 items

2 tasks

General Training Writing 2 tasks

60 minutes

60 minutes

60 minutes

60 minutes

multiple choice, short-answer questions, sentence completion, notes, form, table, summary, flow-chart completion, labelling a diagram/map/plan, classification, matching, choosing suitable paragraph headings, identification of authors views, -yes, no, not given, -true, false, not given questions

Task I (150 Words - 20 minutes)Candidates have to look at a diagram, chart, or graph and present the information in their own words.Task 2 (250 Words - 40 minutes)Candidates have to present a solution to a problem or present and justify an opinion.

Task I (150 Words - 20 minutes)Candidates have to respond to a problem with a letter asking for information.Task 2 (250 Words - 40 minutes)Candidates have to present a solution to a problem or present and justify an opinion.

Speaking II to 14 minutesIt consists of three parts;Part I - Introduction and interview, Part 2 - Long turn,Part 3 - Discussion.

Total Test Time2 hours 44 minutes

IELTS Speaking Exam Guide

Speaking Test AssessmentThe IELTS Speaking test is assessed using the following four criteria:

Fluency and Coherence

Have you answered the question directly?Can you logically support what you are talking about?Can you carry on speaking without hesitating or correcting yourself? Do you use different discourse markers to start your sentences?

Lexical ResourceHow wide is your vocabulary range?Are you using the correct words for the topic and situation? How often do you use collocation and idiomatic language?

Grammatical Range and Accuracy

How regularly can you speak without making mistakes?How often do you use complex sentences accurately when you speak?

Pronunciation

Can you pronounce the sounds of English accurately? Are your stress and intonation patterns natural?Can you separate your language into meaningful parts? Can most of what you say be clearly understood?

Understanding the Test

EXAM INFORM ATION: The speaking test is divided into 3 sections.

Part I lasts about 4-5 minutes. You will be asked a number of questions about a range of personal topics.

Part 2 lasts about 3-4 minutes. You will be given a topic. You will be given I minute to make notes andprepare what you are going to say. You will talk about yourself and your experiences.

Part 3 lasts about 4-5 minutes. You will be asked some general questions linked to the topic you spokeabout in Part 2.

EXAM STRATEGYTry and make sure that your language changes with the test. It should become more formal and impersonal as the test progresses. Listen to the examiners questions to help you know when to change your speaking style.

L1 Listen to a candidate talking about the IELTS test f| I)1 . Fill in the gaps as you listen to answer Questions I -6. What is different about the 3 parts of the test?

How many expressions with end do you hear?

Although Id practised for hours 1.................... . I was still quite nervous before myspeaking test because I didnt know what to expect. 2.......................it was reallynot as bad as I thought it would be. In Parts 1 and 2 the topics were much more3................. and I mostly spoke about myself, my family, friends and experiencesId had. I did notice the test changed in Part 3; the questions seemed more formalto me and I had to speak more about 4............ and 5................ issues. I suppose6 .................... it was like any interview; I had to listen carefully to the questionsand make sure my answers were clear.

2. Match the example responses in Column to the appropriate part of the IELTS Speaking test in Column A.

Column A

Part 1

Part 2

Part 3

AN SW ER Column

1 When I think about old buildings, one particular building springs to mind. It is in the north of my country and I went there with my family last year.

2 The way I see it, music and culture cannot be separated, but then again, it does also depend on other factors like age and how you were brought up.

3 Teachers need to be more aware of how their behaviour can affect the way their students learn. My own personal experiences and those of my friends certainly proved that this is the case.Like many others, we had teachers whose methods actually made us not want to learn.

4 I absolutely hate cooking! Ill make up any excuse not to have to do it.

5 Im going to talk about the friend I spend most time with. Ive known her since I was a child.In fact, our mothers were close friends, so we probably saw each other most weekends.

6 Well, Ive been doing the same job now for about10 years. Im a doctor and I work in a general hospital, but I also run my own private clinic.

Chanter 2PART 1 IntroductionThe speaking test begins with introductions. The examiner introduces himself/herself. Good morning. My name is Cynthia Brown. Ill be your examiner. The examiner asks for your name. 'Can you tell me your name please?

DO NOT SPELL YOUR NAME. DO NOT G IVE EXTRA INFORM ATION ABO UT YO UR NAME. The examiner asks for identification. I see your identification pleaseT

DO NOT FORGET TO TAKE YOUR PASSPO RT OR ID CARD INTO THE TEST ROOM.

1 Read the following introduction to an IELTS speaking test. Underline the five mistakes in the candidates response. Examiner: Can you tell me your name please?Candidate: My name is Donciano Delafuente. You spell that D-E-L-A-F-U-E-N-T-E. It means of the fountain

and it is an old Spanish name, which is quite interesting as my family actually comes from Italy.I'm 28 years old and I'm single.

Give relevant answersYour responses must directly answer the examiners question.Read the following questions. Which response, , , or D, completely answers the question?

1. Question: W hat time do you like getting up in the morning?a) I really hate getting up in the morning.b) I have no idea.c) I have to get up really early because Im a doctor so I usually get up around 6.30, but if I had the choice,

Id prefer to get up at 9 oclock.d) I am a single mum so I have to get up at 5.00. I make breakfast for my children. Then I have to get my children

ready for school. I get them dressed and take them to school and then I go to work. I drive to work andthe traffic is always bad in my city so it takes me a really long time to get there.

2. Question: How often do you use the library?a) Not as much as I should, but I try to go at least once a week.b) Im a teacher and I make sure my students go to the library every day because I know how important

that is for them and for their learning.c) I think libraries are so important for us.d) We have the internet now so I dont believe people see the need to go to libraries anymore. Its really a bad thing.

3. Question: Do you think its important to make plans?a) Of course, why not?b) I have made an important plan recently. Im going to my new job in Australia so thats why this IELTS is

very important for me. I need level 7. Its really necessary for me and my family.c) Im an English teacher, so I have to make lesson plans every day. Its an essential part of my job.d) Absolutely. A plan is what gives you direction. I think we probably save a lot of time by making plans before

we do something.

A EXAM T IP

DO NOT try to influence the examiner. It wont work!

[See 3 b) on page 7] Each question needs a DIRECT answer.DO NOT ignore what the examiner asks. Your job, your university major, your age, your position and your marital status is NOT relevant unless directly asked for.Example: 3 c) on page 7, does not answer the given question. It is an answer to the following question:Question: What is your job and do you need to make plans as part of your work?2 L2 Listen to three candidates answering Part I questions below. Which responses logically answer

the questions (A) and which ones go off-topic ()? Write an A or next to each speaker.

Was it difficult to get accepted on this course?Will you have to study more before you start working?

Speaker I: Question I______ Question 2

Speaker 2: Question I ______ Question 2

Speaker 3: Question I ______ Question 2

EXAM T IPIn Part I the examiner cannot explain the questions; they can only repeat them.Check you have understood by asking yes/no questions like:Question: Will you have to study more before you start working? Do you mean will I need work experienceT Are you asking me if I will need to do another courseT Con / just check, do you mean; will I need to do another course?'These questions can be answered using non-verbal communication, i.e. a nod of the head

Talking about different topicsEXAM INFORM ATION: In Part I you have to speak about 3 topics. You may be asked a number of questions about each one. You need to practise thinking quickly. You also need to have a wide range of ideas so that you can change from one topic to the next.

1 Look at the following Part I topics and related questions. Write your own question for each one.

Topic I : Jobs1 What kind of work do you do?2 Did you have to study before you started this job?3 Is this a popular career choice in your country?4 (Your idea)..........................................

Topic 2: Neighbours1 Do you get on with your neighbours?2 Do people in your country usually spend time socially with their neighbours?3 Is it important to have neighbours?4 (Your idea)..........................................

Topic 3: Time1 Do you always try to be on time for meetings and appointments?2 Can you think of any situations where it is acceptable to be late?3 How do your friends organise their time (i.e. Do they make a diary?)?4 (Your idea).........................................................

2 Work with a partner. Take it in turns to be the candidate and the examiner. Ask each other the questions from exercise I.

3 Work with a partner. Take it in turns to be the candidate and the examiner. Ask each other the following Part I questions.

EXAM T IPTo give yourself a little more time to think about what youre going to say, you can repeat the question. You will have to change the pronoun.Example: What things do you have to do on the computer as part of your studies?What things do I have to do on the computer as part of my course? Well... I probably use the computer quite a bit actually. A lot of my research is done on the internet, andf of course, most of my assignments have to be word-processed.

Topic I : Studies1 Are you attending school or university at the moment?2 Is it important for you to study alone or in a group?3 What kinds of things do you have to do as part of your studies that you need a computer for?4 What would you like to study in the future?

Topic 2: Food1 Do you think your diet is healthy?2 Is traditional food popular in your country?3 Do you think it is important that children are encouraged to eat healthily?

Topic 3: Animals1 What is your favourite animal?2 Did you keep animals as pets when you were a child?3 Do you think children should be taught to look after animals?

Explaining your likes and dislikesIn Parts I and 2, you have to say what you like and dont like. You need to:

Learn some expressions to describe likes and dislikes. Give reasons for your preferences.

1 L3 Listen to 2 candidates answering the Part I question below. Make notes in the table as you listen.a) What expressions are used to show likes and dislikes?b) Does the speaker give any reasons for these likes or dislikes?c) What tenses does Speaker I use?

Question: Do you like keeping flowers in your house?

Speaker I Speaker 2A Likes/Dislikes A Likes/Dislikes

Reasons Reasons

EXAM T IPDont repeat all the language in the question. You need to show the examiner your own vocabulary. Look back at Chapter 1, page 5, on how the IELTS Speaking test is assessed. You should have a wide range of vocabulary. Learn synonyms and parallel expressions i.e. words and phrases with similar meanings.

2 Read the following candidate answers to Part I questions. Replace the underlined words with a synonym parallel expression. An example has been done for you.

0 Question: Do you prefer eating at home or in restaurants?Candidate: I like eating at home. but I prefer eating in restaurants.

Although I do sometimes enjoy cooking in my own kitchen. I think eating out is much better.

I Question: Which musical instrument would you like to start playing?Candidate: I would like to start playing the piano.

2 Question: Whats the best thing about your home town?Candidate: I think the best thing about my home town is the mountains around it.

3 Question: What do you like about spending time with friends?Candidate: What I like about spending time with friends is that we always have fun together.

4 Study the expressions in the Useful Language box below. Use them when you speak and make them part of your speaking vocabulary. Keep adding any new expressions that you see and hear.

Useful Language: explaining likes and dislikes

Likes Dislikes

I really enjoy...One of the nicest things about... is... I love...It makes me happy when...Im very fond of...

1 cant stand...1 dont care that much for...One of my least favourite things is... 1 dont particularly like...Im not really fond of...

Examples:1 love swimming.It makes me happy when my wife has dinner ready for me when 1 get home from work.

Examples:1 can't stand driving in rush-hour traffic. 1 don't particularly like shopping.

Part I topicsLook at the following possible Part I topics. Build vocabulary around these topics.

PART 1 Your spare time Your studies Your family / childhood Food / restaurants / meals Your hobbies / interests Your country / home town Your job Your accommodation Your room An achievement you are proud of The internet Dreams Animals Newspapers/magazines Neighbours/neighbourhoods Letters and emails The weather Plants and flowers Fruit and vegetables Radio and television

This is for you to add notes and questions you think an examiner may ask you.

Example: Your spare time What do you like to do in your free time? Is free time important to you? Do you prefer to be with your family or with your

friends in your free time?

Example: Letters and emails Do you usually write letters, or emails? When did you first send someone an email? Do you think people will still use a pen and paper to

write with in the future?

KEEP ADDING TO THE LIST

PART 2 Talking about a topic

EXAM STRATEGYIn Part 2 you will be given a topic card. On this card there are prompts to help you structure what you say. These prompts usually begin with a question word. i.e. 'What...Who...When... Think of something to say about each one. You should try to use your own experiences and ideas.You need to: Keep to the topic. Keep to the tense. Keep talking.

EXAM T IPYou are given 1 minute to make notes. Make these notes in English, not in your own language. You need to keep thinking in English.

1 Read the following Part 2 topic card and the candidates answer. Underline the expressions that introduce each prompt.

Describe something you did that you are proud of.

You should say: What it was When you did it How it made you feel

You should also say what effect this achievement had on your life.

Im going to talk about what I feel is probably my greatest achievement. I guess many people are proud of things having to do with their job ... maybe the amount of money theyve made, but I suppose mine is more of an emotional achievement. Im exceptionally proud of a competition I once took part in.It was about 5 years ago when I was still at university. I was studying engineering and there was a competition to see who could come up with a safer and more eco-friendly way of processing waste oil.After the competition, I remember feeling exhausted and relieved that it was all over. I did not win, which was a bit disappointing for me, but I was told by one of the judges that he really liked my ideas. What he said made me decide to keep some of my designs because I truly believed they would work. Im really glad I did because, as it turns out, some of those processes that I designed then are now being used in the gas company I work for and that makes me very proud.

2 L4 Listen to a candidate answering the following Part 2 topic card and answer the questions.

A Describe a vehicle you would like to own.You should say:

What it is What it would look like Where you first saw it

You should also say if this vehicle is popular in your country.

What it was

When you did it

How it made you feel

1 Does the candidate use the prompts to help him?2 Does he keep to the topic?3 Is his answer long enough?4 What did he do well?5 How could he have improved his answer?

3 Work with a partner. Talk for at least one minute about the topic below. Check that your partner:

Speaks for 1 minute. Keeps to the topic. Uses the correct verb tenses.

Describe the place where you grew up.

You should say: Where it was How long you lived there What you liked about it

You should also say if you think this is a good place for children to grow up in. You need to speak for 1 to 2 minutes.

4 After you have spoken about the subject outlined on the topic card, you may be asked 1 or 2 follow-up questions. Look back at the topic cards in questions 1 and 2. Read the examples below and match the follow-up questions to each topic. Write A (Topic Card I) or (Topic Card 2) for questions 1-4.

1. Do you think you will buy this vehicle one day? TO PIC2. Did you tell anyone else about what you did? TO PIC3. Do you still feel the same way about this? TO PIC4. Will this be expensive to buy? TO PIC

EXAM T IPThe follow-up questions are short answer questions. You do not have to give long answers. Answer the question with a brief reason / explanation, if necessary. Example: Did you tell anyone else about what you did?Yes, I told my family and they were obviously proud of me, especially my mother.

Pronunciation: Final consonants

Pronunciation mistakes can make you lose marks in the IELTS speaking test. If the examiner cannot understand whatyou are saying, it is difficult to get a good mark.

Remember:Open your mouth (even if it feels unnatural). Do not speak through your teeth. Do not mumble. Make sure you have pronounced the ends of words or sentences. Do not swallow sounds. In particular, sounds like /s/, /z/, /d/, //,

1 L5 Look at the words below. Fill in the gaps to make the words then put them in the correct place in the table a according to their final consonant sound. Listen and check your answers.

Describe a conversation you had recently that changed your way of thinking.

You should say: Who you spoke to What you spoke about What you liked about it

// and /I/.

5 pub 9 polic13 fundamen 17 soci

I import 2 essen 6 mult _ 10 recy 14 expl 18 kno

3 solu7 mov

19 house15 bic11 fut

4 targ__8 conven12 prop 16 electr20 insa 21 chan

You should also say if you think we communicate enough today.

Candidates answer:

I remember one conversation in particular that changed my whole way of thinking about teaching children. I t was a seminar I attended on the importance of teaching reading at kindergarten level.I spoke to a professor afterwards who said he thought it was essential children were taught to read| as early as possible. He moved on to say that teachers should not be frightened of using electronic books. At first I thought this sounded insane, but then he said that children were extremely sociable at this age and enjoyed working together. Sometimes trying to force them to read books was futile. An easy solution was to allow them to use computers, and he said every primary school teacher todayJ knows the convenience of using these in the class. I liked his suggestion that a long-term solution required an expansion into the e-book market. He finished by explaining that the government needs to start making changes to education policies. I think a fundamental problem is that we don't talk e^nough to each other today, so changes are difficult to make.

Part 2 topicsLook at the following possible Part 2 topics. Build vocabulary around these topics. Practise speaking about each one for 1 minute.

PART 2A book you have read A person you admire An achievement youre proud of A toy you played with A party you attended A festival youve been to A trip youve been on A film youve watched A place you would like to visit Your favourite form of transport Your favourite style of dress Your best friend A sport you enjoy playing*A song you like listening to

A plan you have made A conversation you had recently that changed your way

of thinking The type of weather you particularly like Your school days A television programme you watch A piece of jewellery A garden/park you enjoy visiting An old building you remember A course you are interested in A family member you like to be with

KEEP ADD ING TO THE LIST

PART 3 Introducing and organizing your opinionsEXAM INFORM ATION:In Part 3 the examiner will say: 7 will now ask you some GENERAL questions. This means: Do not talk personally about yourself. You can use your personal experiences as a common example, but make

sure you show this clearly in the language you use.

Example: Most men in my country, like myself, enjoy being competitive, especially when it comes to sport.But I feel competition is important in many areas, such as business, so it is not exclusive to sport.

Talk about the world as a whole. Use global examples where possible.Example: I think the problem of traffic in cities is something that can be seen on an international scale in most major

cities in the world, especially in countries like the UK and the USA.1 Structure what you say

1. Introduce your ideas with a sentence starter.2. Support your main idea by adding extra information - an example or a reason.

2 Study the expressions in the Useful Language Box below.Use them when you speak and make them part of your speaking vocabulary. Keep adding any new expressions that you see and hear.

Useful Language: structuring what you sayExtra information to make your ideas clearer Giving reasons and examples One example that springs to mind us... Probably the best example I can think of is... In my country for instance... The reason I feel this way is because... There are several reasons why... One relatively easy way to do this is... Mainly, this is because...

Sentence starters:Introducing your ideas and opinions Basically, I feel that... If it were up to me Id... I think ... should... My idea is that... should... To me, what we need to be focusing on is... Personally speaking... It would seem to me that... Without a doubt I believe that...I truly believe that... I think most people feel / believe / think / accept that... I think you can look at this in a number of different ways... The thing we need to be looking at is...Examples: Basically I feel that advertising can make people buy things. If it were up to me, Id put a higher tax on big cars to try and encourage people to use public transport more. To me, what we need to be focusing on is how to make our economy stronger. I think governments should put more money into adult education. I think most people feel that women are just as capable of managing a company as men. I truly believe that we will find an alternative energy source in the future. One example that springs to mind is how winter can make you/someone feel more depressed because

there is not much sunlight. There are several reasons why houses in hot countries are built this way. The first one is that they are designed

to reflect heat.

3 Find appropriate phrases from the Useful Language Box to complete the following Part 3 main ideas.Use your own ideas to make your ideas clearer where necessary. The first one has been done as an example.

0 Children don't 1 Advertising on the 2 Families need to 3 Self-study is betterenjoy reading as internet has more spend more time than studying with amuch these days. positive effects than together. teacher.

negatives ones.

0 It would seem to me that children dont enjoy reading as much these days. In my country for instance, most children prefer to watch television or play computer games, lo me, what we need to be focusing on is educating parents and getting them to spend more time reading with their children. One relatively easy way to do this is by reading them bedtime stories.

Pronunciation: Pausing and ChunkingWhen we write, we use punctuation to make our writing easier to follow. When we speak we need to do the following to make our ideas easier to follow:

1 Breathe. When you are nervous, you may speak too quickly and forget to breathe regularly.2 Pause in the right places.3 Break up what you say into logical chunks.

EXAM T IP IIf you pause in the wrong places, you could lose marks. You will sound unsure of what Iyou mean and this will break your flow of ideas. You will also sound unnatural. I

1 L7 Listen to a candidate answering the following Part 3 question and answer the questions.

a Do you think the telephone is a popular form of communication?

1 Does he pause in the right places?2 Is his answer easy to follow?3 Does he sound like he knows exactly what he is talking about?4 Does he sound natural?5 Would this candidate get a good mark for fluency?6 Would this candidate get a good mark for pronunciation?

EXAM T IPMost English phrases end with nouns and verbs. Nouns and verbs have the most final-consonant clusters, i.e. pick up those bags / I'd like to suggest. When you pause at the end of a phrase: You have more time to pronounce final consonants. You give yourself a little time to think. Your intonation and rhythm will sound better

2 L8 Read a candidates answer to the following Part 3 question and divide the sentences into logical chunks, a Listen and check your answer.Do men and women like to read different types of books?

Yes, I think it's in this way because the nature of women and men are different so I think they choose different subjects and they have different tastes in reading. Yes for example I think women are very interested in reading novels that are based on love and affection. On the other hand I think men are very interested to read books for example the adventures and for example stories that are based on the travel of the person I mean biography for example and things like that.

3 L9 Listen to the candidates answer again and answer the following questions. a

1 Does she pause in the right places?2 Is her answer easy to follow?3 Does she sound like she knows exactly what she is talking about?4 Does she sound natural?5 Would this candidate get a good mark for fluency?6 Would this candidate get a good mark for pronunciation?7 What could the candidate do to improve her answer?

Pronunciation: IntonationIntonation can show your attitudes and feelings. In English intonation, the voice usually goes up for a question and it falls to show completed statements.

EXAM T IPEnglish intonation is not monotone. It will be difficult to follow what you are saying if your voice does not rise and fall naturally

1 L10 Listen to a candidate answering the following Part 3 question and answer the questions.

Should boys and girls be given the same toys to play with?

1 Is his answer easy to follow?2 Does he use intonation?3 Does he sound natural?5 Would this candidate get a good mark for fluency?6 Would this candidate get a good mark for pronunciation?

2 L11 Now listen to another candidate answering the same question.

Predicting the future

EXAM INFORM ATION:In the IELTS Speaking test you may need to make predictions about future events or situations as in the exercise below.1 L12 Listen to a candidate answering the question from the box above. Fill in the gaps as you listen. f t

Exam iner Do you think travelling will still be necessary in the future?

Well, I think I ) ........................that people will still need to travel in the future, especially people likebusinessmen and politicians. Of course, video-conferencing will 2)..................... mean that lots ofmeetings can be done from the office. Having said that, 3).........................no future developmentsin technology will ever take away peoples need to see new places first-hand and meet people face-to- face. The other thing is that families are also much further apart geographically today than they used tobe. Different family members live and work abroad and I think this trend will 4 )................. continue inthe future, which means people will have to travel to go and visit their families.

2 Put the expressions from Exercise 3 into the table below.

I am sure I am fairly sure I am not sure

3 Add the following expressions to the table above.1 Im not actually sure if/whether...2 Theres no doubt in my mind that...3 I would most definitely say that...4 There is a good chance that...5 I am absolutely convinced that...6 Its impossible to say if/whether...7 No-one really knows if...8 There is a very real possibility that...9 I dont really know if...10 I truly believe that...11 It could be/might be said that...

4 Work with a partner. Take it in turns to be the candidate and the examiner. Ask each other the following Part 3 questions. Use the expressions from the table to help you.

1 Where will most people live in the future, in towns or in the countryside?2 Is it likely that we will still be reading books in paper form in the future?3 Will people in your country have a healthier diet in I0 years time?4 Do you think business men and women will still travel abroad for meetings in the future?5 Do you think that people in the future will still want to learn about the history of their country?6 What will be the most serious problem cities will have to face in the future?

5 L13 Listen to a candidate talking about his future study plans. What expressions does he use? Write Y for Yes or N for No for Questions I -81 I aim to... _______2 I intend to... _______3 What I hope to develop from this is... _______4 My main goal is to... _______5 The main focus is to... _______6 I hope itll help me to... _______7 The main purpose is to... _______8 What I hope to achieve from this is... _______

6 Read the advertisement for a language course you are going to be taking. Talk about your plans and what you hope to achieve. Use the expressions from Question 5 to help you.

ACADEMIC SPEAKING SKILLS COURSELength of course: 3 hours per week for 4 weeks.Course Aims:a) lo learn how to effectively communicate in English at university.b) To learn how to take part in discussions.c) To get practice in expressing your ideas on a wide range of topics.d) To build confidence in speaking in front of people.

Part 3 topicsLook at the following possible Part 3 topics. Build vocabulary around these topics. Remember the vocabulary you use for Part 3 speaking is formal. It is similar to the writing style you need for Task 2.

The media.Journalism and if journalists have a responsibility to tell the truth.Advertising.Music and culture.The protection of wild animals.The environment.Education.Human relations / communication. Population growth.Social problems and issues.Your government and some of their policies on health, education etc.Charities / International Aid.The nature of human happiness.The relationship between employers and employees.

PART 3The importance of free time in our modern world.The importance of making plans and having goals. Immigration.The importance of history and understanding your own countrys history.International history compared to local history.Studying and working abroad.Private and public transport - advantages and disadvantages.

KEEP ADDING TO THE LIST

Chapter IIPARTS 1, 2 and 3 Using Idiomatic language

1 Look at the two examples from a candidates answer to the Speaking Part 1 topic Your Studies. Which of the answers is better and why?

Speaker 1I'm studying at the moment and I must confess that I find exams particularly stressful. Of course, I have good days and bad days like everyone else. Some days I'm so stressed out that I feel I want to throw in the towel. All I can do at such times is call it a day and get a good night's sleep! I usually find that things look different in the morning. It's like you have a fresh start and you can start studying again. At the end of the day, I know I have no choice; if I want to pass, I have to study!

Speaker 2To tell you the truth, I'm a student and I really find it difficult to meet deadlines, especially essays. My mother said always I'm a bookworm! I usually find I have to work really hard, both day and night, but the early bird catches the worm. Of course I know I'll feel much better when I finally hand in my work because every coin has two sides.

EXAM T IPYou need to use idiomatic language in your speaking test, but you must make sure you use this language accurately and appropriately.

2 Add the idioms in the box to the sentences. Use a dictionary to check the meaning of any idioms you do not know. You may have to change the grammar.

A) to be part and parcelD) one thing that strikes me about...G) to get the wrong end of the stickJ) (start) from scratchM) to call it a dayP) to call the shots

B) to be on the same wavelengthE) in the long runH) get through the red tape K) to read between the lines N) to throw in the towel Q) the be-all and end-all

C) in this day and ageF) a fresh startI) to go round in circlesL) at the end of the dayO) to wear your heart on your sleeve

1 I think you must have............................................ That wasnt what I meant at all. You completely misunderstoodwhat I was saying.

2 My sister really.............................................................. She gets so emotional about every little thing.3 I cant understand young people who think playing computer games is the................................... of everything.

I think theres more to life than sitting in front of a computer screen.4 I honestly believe that the automobile industry should now completely forget about fossil fuels and

by looking for alternative forms of energy.5 It is not going to be easy for us to set up this new company. Its still a developing country so we are going to have

to find ways to ........................................... and deal with all the government regulations.6 Although learning a new language is frustrating, I never considered..................................................because

quitting is not an option for me. 7 ....................................... its hard to imagine our lives now without Facebook and Twitter.8 Writing emails is certainly more time-consuming than talking on the phone, but...........................................

particularly in business, sometimes there has to be a written record.

9 Although recycling may initially cost a great deal of money,............................... it will benefit the environmentand could cut down on the detrimental effects caused by global warming.

10 My family and I are planning to move to Canada because we feel we really need................................11 The student council meeting seemed to take forever. The discussion kept................................because some

of the students could not agree, so it took about two hours before a decision was made.12 My sister and I have always been really close. We have so much in common and I can instantly tell when she is

upset because we .............................................13 ................................................ this whole issue of being in fashion is that young people are spending way

too much money on clothes. Its almost becoming a negative obsession.14 Making mistakes is ................................... of the language learning process but, it is only by correcting their

mistakes that learners can move to the next stage.15 Sometimes I feel its better to ................................. than to struggle for hours with no results.16 You mustnt take anything he says at face value because he is very good at hiding his feelings. The only way is to

.......................................to find out what the truth is.17 To a large extent, its the bigger multi-national companies that are ......................................... now, especially

when it comes to influencing which products will dominate the international market. Smaller businesses just dont have enough resources or power to compete.

3 Answer the following Speaking Part 3 questions with a partner. Use idioms from Exercise 2 where appropriate.

1 (Topic: Fashion) Do you think people in your country will still be wearing traditional clothes in 10 years time?2 (Topic: Sport) Assess how sport competitions such as the Olympic Games can help relations between different

countries to develop and improve.3 (Topic: Aid) Compare the roles and influence of local and international charities.4 (Topic: Childhood) Evaluate how much a happy childhood can influence a persons development as an adult.5 (Topic: Competition) Do you think encouraging children to compete is positive or negative?6 (Topic: Languages) Is it necessary to learn the culture of a country to learn the language?

Using collocations

STUDY T IPIt is important to learn which words usually go together to make natural-sounding English. A good English dictionary can help you with this.

4 Study the expressions in the Useful Language Box on the opposite page. Use them when you speak and make them part of your speaking vocabulary. Keep adding any new expressions that you see and hear.

Useful Language: collocations Adverb + verb Verb + tim e Adjective + 'tim e' 1 strongly believe that... spend time (with) free time 1 honestly believe that... waste time spare time 1 sincerely hope... save time 1 totally support... make time

Examples: Example: 1 sincerely hope that people will still use 1 spend most of my free time with my husband. 1

libraries in the future. Parents need to make more time to be with their children. 1 1 totally support the idea of having

more green spaces, like parks in cities. 15 Find 2 adjectives from the box that commonly collocate with each of the nouns below,

disruptive relaxed expensive healthy negative anti-social

I a)______________________________ b )________________________+ lifestyle

2 a) b) + attitude

3 a) b) + behaviour

6 Which noun in each sentence does NOT collocate with the verb?

1 make + a) an effort b) progress c) an influence d) a difference

2 save + a) energy b) habits c) space d) lives

3 keep + a) attention b) track c) calm d) a record

4 come + a) to a compromise b) to a standstill c) to a schedule d) to an agreement

5 go + a) cooking b) abroad c) online d) bankrupt

6 take + a) a break b) a fine c) an exam d) notes

7 Read a candidates answer to the following Part 3 question and underline the collocations.

How can people be encouraged to use public transport?First of all, the most important thing for people nowadays is time. They dont want to actually waste their time so the public transport services should be very quick and run without any delays.I mean its a real problem for me as a businessman when trains dont run on time. Public transport should also be easy to access. The other point is the expenses. I feel it should be cheap because if we are expected to use it, then it should be affordable. Maybe governments should pay some kind of subsidy to reduce the charges that the general public has to pay.

8 L14 Listen to a candidate answering the following Part I question and answer the questions.

Do you like the place where you're living at the moment?

1 Does she use collocations?2 Is her answer easy to follow?3 Does her English sound natural?4 Would this candidate get a good mark for fluency?5 Would this candidate get a good mark for vocabulary?

Further practice: Parts 1, 2 and 3

EXAM INFORM ATION:Remember that you should: Answer the question directly. Develop your answer - give a short reason / example / explanation to support your idea.

For example:Examiner: Do you enjoy reading?

Oh yes, definitely; theres nothing I like better than to sit and read in the evenings just before I go to bed. I find it really relaxing and it also helps me sleep.'

1 Work with a partner. Ask each other the following Part I questions.

Topic: Books1 Do you enjoy reading? (Why/Why not?)2 Has the internet changed the way you read?3 Do you think we will still read books in the future?

Topic: Films1 How often do you watch films?2 Do you prefer to watch films on DVD or at the cinema? (Why?)3 Do you think parents should control the kinds of films their children watch?

Topic: Mobile Phones1 Are mobile phones popular in your country?2 Is there anything you dont like about mobile phones? (Why?)3 Do you think children should be allowed to have mobile phones?

Topic: Emails1 How often do you write emails?2 What sorts of things do you usually write about?3 Do you think emails is a good way to communicate with others? (Why / Why not?)

2 L15 Listen to a candidate talking about films and answer the following questions. ti

1 What sentence starters does he use?2 What language does he use to show his likes / dislikes?

3 Look at the following Part 2 topics. Work with a partner. Take it in turns to be the examiner and the candidate Use the questions in exercise I to assess each other.

Examiner: Id like you to speak about the following topic for I to 2 minutes. First, you have one minute to make notes and think about what you are going to say.

1 Describe your favourite TV programme you enjoyed watching when you were a child.

You should say: What it was about How often you watched it Why you enjoyed it

And you should also say whether people in your country regularly watch television

3 Describe an advertisement you have seen or read recently that made you want to buy something.

You should say: Where you saw or read it Which product it was trying to sell What you liked about it

And you should also say whether or not advertising influences you.

2 Describe a song that you enjoy listening to.

You should say: What it is When you like to listen to it Why you like this song

And you should also say why music is important to people.

4 Describe a photograph that you really like.

You should say: What it is Where it was taken Why you like it

And you should also say whether or not taking photographs is popular in your culture.

4 L16 Listen to a candidate talking about a song he enjoys listening to. Answer the following questions:

1 What sentence starters does he use?2 What collocations does he use?

5L17 Read part of the candidates answer and divide the sentences into logical chunks. Underline the main word that are stressed. Listen and check your answer.

And one of the reasons I like this song is as I said before... the guitars. Its a >rock-and-roll beat to the song, but its also a... you know, its a coming-of-age song. Its about young love. It reminds me of my working-class upbringing. Its about cars and the highway and young peoples dreams. I think most people enjoy music for pretty much the same reasons as I do. Because music or songs usually tell a story or they inspire people or sometimes they bring back memories... or bring up dreams that you once had or dreams that you might still have. And I think thats very important to people. It kind of lightens the load ... And its ... its what music is all about, as far as Im concerned. j

6 Now ask each other the following Part 3 questions that follow on from the Part 2 topics in question 3. Take it in turns to be the examiner and the candidate.

EXAM STRATEGYRemember to expand your answers. Be careful with the tense. The verbs on the topic card will tell you if you should be speaking about the past, present or future.

Examiner: Now Id like to ask you a few general questions about the topic youve just been speaking about.

Topic I : TV programmes1 Compare the kinds of TV programmes that children and adults usually enjoy watching.2 Do you think that parents should control how much television their children watch?3 Evaluate the effectiveness of television as a means of communicating the news compared with

other media forms such as the internet and radio.

Topic 2: Music1 Do people in your country prefer to listen to local or international music? (Why / Why not?)2 Describe the importance of music in showing the culture of a country.3 Evaluate the effect of technology (such as the internet) on music.

Topic 3: Advertising1 Should companies be targeting children in their advertising campaigns?2 Compare the use of the internet in advertising with other media forms such as television and radio.3 Do you think advertisements should be censored? (Why / Why not?)

Topic 4: Photographs1 Do you think photographs are important in helping us remember our past?2 Why do you think people like to keep childhood photographs?3 Should the private lives of famous people be respected by the media? (Why / Why not?)

6 L18 Listen to a candidate answering a Part 3 question on music.

ChapterPARTS 1, 2 and 3 Test Advice

1 Read the test advice. Do you make any of the mistakes mentioned when you speak?

1 Listen carefully to the questions. Answer the questions directly.2 In Parts I and 2, the examiner can only REPEAT the question. In Part 3 the examiner can REPHRASE the question.3 Keep to the topic.4 Do not give circular answers - an answer that keeps saying the same thing over and over again and does not get

directly to the point.5 Speak as clearly and as naturally as possible. Dont use expressions unless you know how to use them correctly.

You will lose marks for unnatural English use. i.e. step by step... / day by day... / as time passes by...6 Do NOT over-use words - For example... / You know... / To some extent... / To tell you the truth...7 Remember in Part 3 that your answers need to be general. You are not talking about yourself (Parts I and 2).

You are talking about people generally, the world as a whole8 Do not give inappropriate scientific facts in Part 3. i.e. It has been proven by scientists that... / According to the

research of Professor... You are being asked what you think, or to give general information about a topic.9 Remember to breathe, pause and break up what you say into logical chunks.10 It is your grammar and pronunciation mistakes that can affect your speaking grade. Make time to focus on these

two areas.

2 Read the following candidate mistakes and match them to the advice given in exercise I .

Examiner: Do you like shopping?

To be honest, to tell you the truth, in my opinion I think its really a little bit boring for me.

Examiner: Do you think a shortage of water will be a bigger problem than a shortage of oil in the future?

Well yes definitely, I agree with this way of thinking. For example, in my city it is difficult even now to get fresh water. We have many problems with this. For example, sometimes there is not enough and we have drought. But with oil, for example, we have already started to use different fuels so I think this wont be such a big problem in the future. But when we look at water, its a very different story and I think there could be a disaster for us because the water is not fresh enough to drink.

Examiner: What course would you like to do?

Examiner: Should high-school teachers help their students set specific goals so that they can study better?

You know, it is too important. My little brother he is very bad with this. He does not let his teacher help him at all so when he must study he does not at all. You know, he just plays on the computer. You know it is really very bad for him. My motheri she tell him all the time to change but he not do it.

Examiner: Do you like swimming?Well to tell you the truth.... I am tremendously enthusiastic about swimming. It reminds me of my childhood. I was really keen on swimming when I was a child. I have sweet memories of my childhood, when I was swimming a lot. And also glorious, magical and hilarious moments of my childhood.

3 L19 Listen to the following candidate answering the Part 2 topic below. Match the mistakes to the advice givena in exercise I .1 I would like you to describe a famous sports person, who is not from

your country, who you really admire.

You should say: Who this person is What you know about them Why you like them

And you should also say if this person is popular in your country.

Chapter/PARTS 1, 2 and 3 Test Practice

1 Practise this test with a partner. Take it in turns to be the examiner and the candidate. Read the test advice in Chapter 6 again.

Part I

Topic I : Weekends1 What did you do last weekend?2 Do you prefer to spend the weekends with your family or friends?3 What things do you like to do at the weekend?

Topic 2: Mobiles1 How often do you use a mobile phone?2 Have you ever had any problems using a mobile phone?3 Do you think you will use a mobile more or less in the future?

Topic 3: Presents1 Do you like receiving presents?2 Who was the last person you gave a present to?3 Is it better to give someone money rather than buy them a present? Why / Why not?

Part 2

Describe a business leader you respect and admire.

You should say: Who they are Where you first found out about them What you liked about them

You should also say if this person had an influence on you.You need to speak for I to 2 minutes

Part 3

1 What qualities make someone a good leader?2 Is there any difference between men and women as leaders?3 Do leaders have a responsibility to behave in a certain way in public?4 Are people born leaders or is this something they learn how to become?

L 20 A2 Now listen to the practice test and make a note of any new expressions, idioms, collocations or sentence

starters you hear.

L 20 A3 Listen to the final two sections of Part 3 again and underline the key words that the speaker stresses.

Examiner: Do leaders have a responsibility to behave in a certain way in public?

Um I dont really think they have a responsibility to behave in a certain way, but I think they should behave in a certain way. Um because they have an immense platform on which they can sort of spread influence and so on and so many people look up to these people especially you know business leaders and so on. Theyre heroes to so many people. They should try and consider their position when they make decisions and you know .... understand that they are a role model for others, but I dont..I dont really think they should feel too much pressure to do that^

Examiner: Are people born leaders or is this something they learn how to become?

I think a lot of people would like to learn how to become leaders. Um Im sure theres lots of people who do sort of business classes and things like that, wanting to be the next great business leader, but ultimately I think it is something youre bom with unfortunately. You only have to look at a..a school playground, youll see the natural leaders there riding around there from a very young age. Again its difficult to see what it is thats making those people leaders, but I think you can inspire respect as you get older maybe by becoming an expert in a particular field, but whether thats the same as being a leader - I dont really think so I pretty much think its something youre bom with.

Unit Travel

(A) Look at the pictures above. They show people on holiday in different places.Think of as many different types of holiday as you can and write them down below.

Write down as many types of holiday as you can think of:

Romantic Holiday

Short City Break

Long Weekend

Sun Holiday

Package Holiday

(B) What is your favourite type of holiday and why? Write your answer here, then cover it and tell the class/a partner.

the reasons for going on holiday (2).

(i) Chance to relax and unwind, and get a tan.

(ii) For the thrill and excitement.

(iii) As a special treat when I feel under stress.

(iv) To enjoy the fresh air and scenery.

(v) On account of not having a lot to spend.

(vi) I'm a winter-sports enthusiast.

(vii) To see all the famous landmarks and do

lots of sightseeing in general.

(D) Look at the following holiday activities. Which of them do you normally do when you go on holidays? Tick the boxes as appropriate.

(i) Go sightseeing and take pictures of famous landmarks. (ii) Dine out and sample the local cuisine. (iii) Sunbathe by the pool reading a book. a(iv) Go on organised guided tours of places of interest. (v) Try to mingle with the locals and speak to them in their own language. (vi) Go on big shopping sprees and bring back lots of new clothes. (vii) Buy souvenirs for family and friends back home. (viii) Visit museums and art galleries. (ix) Spend most of the day relaxing in my hotel doing nothing. (x) Order room service and have breakfast in bed. (xi) Go to clubs and bars, party and have a wild time. (xii) Spend my time trying to pack in lots of things, and see as much as possible.

(E ) Compare your answers with a partners. Decide if you would be suited to a holiday together. Be prepared to justify your decision.

(C) Link the following holiday-types ( I) with

Beach Holiday

Ski Holiday

Budget Holiday

Pamper Holiday

Adventure Holiday

Holiday in the Countryside

City Break

(F) Rank the following holiday activities in order of preference, ( I) being the activity you would most like to do on holidays and ( 10) being the one you would like to do least of all.

Activity Ranking

(i) doing some general sightseeing (1)(ii) going on an excursion to a place of interest (2) .(iii) taking a guided tour of a museum (3)(iv) dining out on traditional cuisine (4) .(v) sunbathing by the pool (5)(vi) going on a city bus tour (6)(vii) getting some shopping therapy (7)(viii) going on a romantic riverboat cruise (8)...(ix) going to the amusement park (9)(x) going trekking in the hills (10)

(G) Look at the text and fill in the gaps with words from the box below.

My Perfect Holiday...For me, the perfect holiday would have to be spent with my two best friends, George and Jeremy We would go during spring, before the startof the tourist I ) ________________; that way, the resorts would not betoo crowded. The 2 )______________ would be an easy choice; Spainevery time. Why? Simply because it is the perfect combination - dependableweather, excellent 3 )_____________ , friendly locals and lots to see anddo. We would spend about a 4 )_____________in Marbella, staying at aluxury beachfront hotel. Every morning wed wake up to breakfast in bed. Then wed go downstairs and outside onto the sandy beach, and infor a 5)___________ in the warm sea water to wake us up and refresh usfor the day ahead. Next wed go into town and do some 6 )___________,or go on a day trip of some sort. At lunchtime, wed find a traditional

_________ . Each afternoon we were free, wed do activities; maybe arestaurant and sample the local 7 )_________bike ride around the olive groves or a pony ride through the nearby hills; you know... Then, in the early evening, wed go back to the hotel and sit down on our deckchairs relaxing for a while on our balcony before going downto the hotel restaurant for some 8 )_________________ . Then wed sit by the pool and read a book for a whileuntil dinner was served. After dinner, wed get dressed up for a night out and head into town to one of the popular nightclubs to party the night away. Each day would be similar to that with a blend of different types of activities. Wed have an absolute blast!

refreshmentsdip

sightseeingdestination

delicaciesseason

fortnightcuisine j

My Perfect Holiday(H) Look at the passage My Perfect Holiday... again. In what order is the following information discussed?

Who the writer would go on holiday with. 1What the writer would do on holiday.Where the writer would go on holiday.Where the writer would stay during his holiday.When the writer would go on holiday.Why the writer would go on holiday to this destination.

(I) Now its your turn to tell us about your perfect holiday: what would it be like? Follow the steps below to answer the question.

S te p Make some notes

First, fill in the title to each section of your notes with an appropriate heading. Use the following titles and put them in the right order: Who with, When, Where, Why, What (do)

Step Write your answer out in full.

Speak (put your written answer away and try to give a spokenanswer referring back to your notes in Step I if you need to)

(j) Talk about the following questions with a partner or as part of a class discussion.

Which do you prefer; holidays in the city or holidays in the countryside? What is your favourite way of travelling long distances - by train, car etc.? Would you rather relax and take it easy when on holidays or try to see as many new things/

places as possible? Do you like to dine out when on holiday? What sorts of food do you eat? Do you prefer foreign or domestic holidays? What is your main reason for going on holiday, usually? Do you think a stay-at-home holiday can ever be as good as a proper holiday? Who do you usually go on holiday with? Do you prefer to holiday with friends or family?

Part 1 of the Speaking exam is a short introductory conversation lasting 4-5 minutes.It tests your ability to talk about personal experiences and interests.You must answer questions about everyday topics, talking about aspects of your life such as your family and friends, home, studies, work, leisure activities, likes and dislikes etc.You should answer each question appropriately, typically in one or two sentences.

(K ) Look at these questions and answers. For each question, there are two answer choices. Choose the correct alternative.

(1) How long have you been learning English?Since 8 years. / For eight years.

(2) Do a lot of people in your country speak English?Yes, they do. / Yes, they are.

(3) Do you like learning English?Yes, they are very interesting. / Yes, it is very interesting.

(4) Have you studied any other languages?Until I was 15,1 have studied French. / Until I was 15,1 studied French.

(5) What advice would you give to a friend who wanted to start learning a language?Go to the class. / Go to a class.

(L ) The correct answers in (K) are a little too short. Select an appropriate sentence from the options below to add to each answer.

(a ) I start in sixth class if I remember correctly, when I was just 10 years old. . I(b) I would say close to half the adults where I come from are fairly fluent. _____ I(c ) I used to very much enjoy studying the French. _____(d ) And not just interesting; its essential really, too; I mean, it opens up the

whole of the internet to me, for example. _____(e) Yes, the class is the very best way to learn a new language. _____ I(0 The fact is, every student needs support and guidance, and I always I

find the advice and support of my teacher and fellow students vital. _____

Exam Focus: Part I

^ Talk about some aspects of your personal life.

^ Answer the questions appropriately (usually I -2 sentences).This part norm ally lasts 4-5 m inutes.

Speaking Test 1PartiThe examiner will ask you some questions about yourself.

Lets talk about travel.How often do you go on holiday?Where did you go most recently?Who do you normally go on holiday with?Do you have a favourite place to go on holiday?What do you normally pack in your suitcase when you go away?

The examiner will then ask you some questions about one or two other topics. See the example below.Now lets talk about your family.Do you come from a big or small family?What do your parents do for a living?How do you get along with the rest of your family?Do you share the same interests as the other members of your family?Is it good being the middle (an only / the eldest / the youngest etc.) child?

Part 2The examiner will give you a topic on a card like the one below and ask you to talk about it for one to two minutes. Before you talk you have one minute to think about what you want to say. The examiner will give you some paper and a pencil so you can make notes if you want to.

Describe your perfect holiday.You should say:

where you would go and who you would go with where you would stay what you would do

and explain why it would be the perfect holiday.

The examiner may ask you one or two more related questions when you have finished, like those given in the example below.

Do you prefer active holidays or holidays where you get to relax?Are there any countries you would not like to visit? What was your worst holiday experience?

Part 3The examiner will ask you some more general questions which follow on from the topic in Part 2.

What are the benefits of holidaying in a foreign country?What sorts of problems can people experience when they are abroad?Do you think foreign holidays are affordable to everyone these days?Is flying a safe way to travel?Do you think people have enough time off work?Why do some people come back from holidays more stressed than when they left?What safety issues do you have to think about when you go away on holiday?

You must...

(A ) Look at the pictures below. How important are these items to our lives today? Discuss with a partner, then rank the items in terms of importance from I to 5.

Ranking: I : ________ 2 :_________ 3 :_________ 4 :________ 5:

(B ) You will hear five extracts. Each extract relates to one of the items pictured above. Match the extracts to the a pictures. Write the correct picture (i-v) in the space provided.Extract I ______________ Extract 2 ________________ Extract 3 _______________

Extract 4 ______________ Extract 5 ________________

(C ) Soon, you are going to prepare a short speaking exercise. But first you will read some more about Part 2 of the Speaking test and ways to prepare for it on the pages which follow. After you have finished reading about Part 2, you will be asked to answer the following question, speaking continuously for about two minutes. The question is: Which one of the items in the pictures above is most useful to you? In your answer you should say:

what the item is how often you use it what you use it for why it is so useful to you

Exam Focus: Part 2In Part 2 of the exam, you will be asked to give a short talk for about two minutes. You will be tested on your ability to organise your ideas and speak fluently.

You will have to prepare and talk about a topic given to you during the test by the examiner.

Here is an example Part 2 task (you will be given a similar task-card by the examiner):

Describe a website you like to visit a lo t .'* ^ ^ ^Rememberyou should You should say:provide each the name of the websiteof the pieces how often you visit the websiteof informationasked for. what the website is for/about

what you do/look at on the website

^ and explain why you like it.

Read the topic and make sure you understand it.

This part norm ally lasts 3 m inutes.You m ust...

Read the task.

Make notes on each of the parts (approx. I m inute).

Talk about the topic, answ ering the questions on the card.

Stop talking (after about 2 m in.) when the exam iner tells you to.

Answ er some follow-up questions.

In this book, you will learn a step-by-step strategy for practising how to talk continuously for up to two minutes that will help you to build up your confidence so that you are ready for the task come exam day.

We start off by making notes - a kind of brainstorm which gets you thinking of ideas. Then we write our answer down in full. Next, we put the written answer to one side (without memorising it) and we attempt to talk for as long as we can about the subject with the help of our notes.

At first, it may be hard for you to do this, but as you practise, you will find yourself having more and more to say. Eventually, you will become a lot more fluent and you will rely far less, if at all, on your notes. Whats more, your confidence in your ability to express yourself will improve.

The note-making and writing will train your brain to think about and organise your answers logically. This will provide you with a starting point for your speaking and give you more to say. Eventually, you will become so good at organising your thoughts that you will no longer be reliant on the notes and you will be able to put your thoughts together more or less as you speak. YOU M UST NEVER TRY TO M EM ORISE YOUR W RITTEN AN SW ERS THOUGH as this defeats the purpose of the exercise. See the next page for more.

EXAM PLE: Describe a website you like to visit a lot.

You should say:

the name of the website

how often you visit the website

what the website is for/about

what you do/look at on the website

and explain why you like it.

Step Make notes

Name - Facebook

Visit - Twice a day (at least)

For - friends to keep in contact

Do - send messages to friends, look at friends' news; post pictures and videos I like; comment on friends' pictures and videos; write on friends' walls (wall is the place where all a friend's news is seen); comment on friends' pictures and videos; say what I am doing; see what friends are doing; post links to other websites, like different things (to like something you press a like' button on the website; means you are a fan of it...) - can like' music, pages, programmes, people; all sorts of things...; also able to play games - Facebook has lots of games apps

Why I like it - a great way to keep in touch with people - literally everyone; close friends, family, friends who live far away, work colleagues etc.; can find out all their news and keep them up to date with what you're doing as well, plus you're in control - get to decide who sees your pictures and posts and you can even set up groups for different kinds of friends; this means you don't have to share everything with all your friends; can choose who sees what; also love the games, so much fun, like Farmville - can create my own little online farm and become a virtual farmer and even build up a virtual farming community!! There's so much you can do...

Step Write Answer

Always introduce the topic.(a) A- website I love to visit is Facebook - you probably know that QjjgJ

Most people do since it's one of the most visited sites in the world(b) I visit it at least twice a day, and often more - it's so addictive thatJqJ sometimes I stay on it for hours actually! Facebook is basically

designed for people who want to keep in touch with their friends.It's a bit like a chat site, I suppose - but that's not doing it justice;

(d) the site's amazing really. I mean. I can use it for so many different types of things; I can message my friends on it, check out their news and see what they're up to, jpost pictures and videos that I like onto\ my page and see the ones friends have posted, too. I can write on N my friends' walls - a wall is sort of like a webpage where all a friend's news and updates can be seen. I can comment on my friends' pictures and photos, too, and they can comment on mine - so long as they don't say anything nasty! Then again, if they did, I could just 'unfriend' them, so it wouldnt matter anyway! I can say what I'm doing by updating my status, see what friends are doing, and like' lots of different things. Liking' is when you want to show your appreciation for something or tell everyone that you are a fan of it. Basically, if you like something, you just click the 'like' button on the page. You can like music, pages, videos, updates; all sorts of things^

(e) really... You can also play games on Facebook - it has tons of great apps. As for why I like it; it couldn't be simpler really; it's just the best site on the net! I t is a brilliant way of keeping in touch with people, from family to close friends to faraway friends or even just acquaintances. You can find out all their news and keep them up to date with what you are up to, too. Another great thing is that you control what people can see and you decide who to share your news and updates with. Oh, and did I mention the games? I love them all, but especially Farmville; you can create your own little farm and become a virtual farmer - and even build a virtual farming community!! There's so much you can do I could go on all day!

Notice how the register isnt that formal - in Parts I and 2 you dont have to use very formal language.

Using language that sounds authentic, like phrasal verbs and lots of idioms will impress the examiner - provided they are used in the right way!

Just as when writing, it is very important to use linking words and phrases to bring your talk together and to help your ideas flow smoothly.

Remember: you should answer all the questions on the prompt card in order to maximise your score. Here, each new point answered is marked with a letter, (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e), and underlined.

Step Speak!

This step is very simple (and yet perhaps the most difficult of all); now that you have structured your thoughts and put them into a logical order, you should have plenty to say. Put away the written answer, and, using only your notes to help you, try to speak for as long as you can about the subject. Allow the ideas to flow from your mouth and dont worry if you cant speak as well as youve written; just try your best to be fluent - keep going! - and natural-sounding. With practice, your confidence will improve as will the manner in which your express your ideas.

Rem em ber the steps in our practice m ethod..

^ Make notes on each of the separate parts of the task.

Convert your notes into a w ritten answer.

^ Try to speak for about two m inutes using only your notes to help you.

Now, lets look at question again.

(C ) Which one of the items in the pictures on page 38, is most useful to you?

In your answer you should say: what the item is how often you use it what you use it for

And why it is useful to you.

Complete your answer by following the steps below.

Step Make Notes

S t e p ^ ^ Write Answer

Step Speak!

(D) Look at the pictures below. They show two different families. Picture (i) was taken in the 1980s and Picture (ii) was taken in the 2000s.

Discuss the following questions with a partner:(a) In what ways might life have been different for the family in Picture (i) in the 1980s compared

with life for the family in Picture (ii) in the 2000s?(b) Do you think the children would have done the same things, played the same games, had the

same hobbies, worn the same clothes, behaved in the same way, listened to the same music etc.?(c) What have been the big changes in our lifestyle today compared with 20 or 30 years ago?

(E) Listen to the recording of a teenager talking about her life, and fill in the gaps in the transcript below using the words that you hear. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS in each gap.

I was really excited today when I heard the news my parents had; you'll never guess what; I'm going

to__________________ ! Isn't that so cool? I mean, I've never been to ___________________

before in my life and neither have any of my friends. And we're taking_________________ over

from Pembroke port in Wales. It's a four-hour journey, I think. Can you believe it? The ferry! None of

my friends have been on one of those yet either. I'm going to _________________ to my aunt in

Dublin to tell her I'm coming over to see her. I wonder what she'll look like in person; I've only ever

seen the photos of her that she's sent_________________ . We don't even get to talk that much

really; well, every Sunday night_________________ , but that's only for about five minutes - phone

calls are_________________ , you know... Anyway, now we'll finally get to meet. I'm going to bring

my camera and take as many shots as I can. I bought five _________________ yesterday; my

camera will be click, click, click!

Then discuss the questions below with a partner:

(i)

When do you think this recording of a teenage girl was made - in the 80s or today? What evidence is there to support your opinion?

(F ) Sort the phrases in the box below into ones that probably relate to life in the 1980s (A) and ones that probably relate to life today (B).

many stay-at-home mothers families play board games at nightyoung children text each other domestic holidays dominatemost school-leavers go straight into the workplace the number of college graduates is very highpeople do their banking online young people are very confident and louddiscipline in schools is good it is cool to smokethe TV listings give 400 different channels most music sales are downloadstelevisions are expensive and there is only one in every house international flights are very cheaphouses are affordable for first-time buyers cigarette advertising is bannedmost people are married by age 25 few people are computer literatemost people go on foreign holidays distance learning courses are very popularthere are many jobs in I.T. telephone boxes are used very regularly

A (1980s) I (today)

(G) Use the three-step method (note-taking ... written answer ... spoken answer) to do the following task. Once you have finished your written answer, give your talk to the class.

Describe a typical day in your life.You should say: at what time you get up what you normally do in the morning what you normally do in the afternoon and evening

and give examples of ways you like to relax after a busy day.

Make Notes

Write Answer

Speak

(H ) Now pair off with another student and ask each other these follow-up questions:

(i) Do you think your daily routine would be very different if you were actually living in the year 1981 ?00 What sorts of activities do people do today which might not have been so popular 20 or 30 years ago?(iii) What aspects of life today would you miss the most if you were taken back in time to the 1980s

and left there, do you think?(iv) Do you think you have an easier life than people your age did in the past?

(I) Here are some further Part 2 questions for you to practise in your own time.

Describe your favourite piece of technology. You should say: what it is how expensive it is and where you can buy it what it doesand why you like it so much.

Follow-up Questions: What piece of technology do you think, would be

hardest to live without? What are the most popular technological devices

with young people nowadays?

Describe what life was like when you were a young child. You should say: where you lived and what your daily routine was like how you felt about school what you used to do in your free timeand explain how your life is different now.

Follow-up Questions: Did you find life easier when you were very young? Do you agree with people who say our school days are

the best of our lives?

Speaking Test 2PART 1The examiner will ask you some questions about yourself.

Lets talk about your home town.Where do you come from?What is it like where you live?Do you like living there?Have you always lived in the same place?What is there to do near where you live?

The examiner will then ask you some questions about one or two other topics. See the example below.Now lets talk about learning languages.How long have you been learning English?Do most people in your country learn English?Have you studied any other languages? Which language do you find easiest?Do you think it is important to learn English?What advice would you give to someone who wants to start learning a foreign language?

PART 2The examiner will give you a topic on a card like the one below and ask you to talk about it for one to two minutes. Before you talk you have one minute to think about what you want to say. The examiner will give you some paper and a pencil so you can make notes if you want to.

------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------

Describe a website you like to visit a lot.You should say: the name of the website and how often you visit it what the website is for/about what you do/look at on the website

and explain why you like it.

The examiner may ask you one or two more related questions when you have finished, like those given in the example below.

Do you spend a lot of time online?Apart from looking at websites, what else do you do online?Do you think the internet is very useful, or not really?

PART 3The examiner will ask you some more general questions which follow on from the topic in Part 2.

Is surfing the internet more or less popular today than it used to be, in your opinion?What would you say are the main reasons people use the internet?Do you agree with people who say the internet is addictive?Do you think it is healthy when people spend a lot of time online?What are the dangers people using the internet face?The internet is very important to the way we live our lives in the 21 st century Do you agree?Are we influenced by what we read and see on the internet?Do you think the internet is a reliable source of information?

Unit 3 Art and Culture

Dance

(A ) Look at the pictures above and talk about the questions with a partner or as part of a class discussion.

Which of these art forms do you find most appealing and why? What other forms of art can you think of? Would you describe yourself as an artistic person? What kinds of qualities do you need to possess to be an artist? Is creating art just a waste of time that could be better spent? Why are some forms of art more popular than others?

PART 3Questions (iv), (v) and (v i) are all examples of Speaking Part 3 questions. Look at the style of questioning; you are not being asked about yourself; you are being asked about general and abstract ideas. Look at the language used; in Part 3, there is a shift to a more formal register.

Part 3 is testing your ability to analyse and discuss ideas in more detail.

In Part 3 you are required to answer questions that relate to the topic discussed in Part 2. You must offer your opinions and give reasons for them.

You m ust.Exam Focus: Part 3

Answer general questions related to the topic in Part 2.

Make sure to justify (give reasons for) your opinions.

This part normally lasts 4-5 minutes.

Giving Opinions(B) Correct the mistakes in the following expressions used for giving your opinion.

In my view1. From my view, ...2. So far as I am concerned,... _____________________3. I completely agree the idea that... _____________________4. A way I see it... _____________________5. From the point of my view, ... _____________________6. I am absolutely agree that... _____________________7. To my way to think, ... _____________________8. Let me explain the reasons about my opinion;.... _____________________

Talking about the future(C) Put the words in the right order to reveal ways to express your confidence in what will happen

in the future. Then group the phrases into columns A and of the table as in the example.

1. that / I / imagine / cannot2. doubt / highly / I / that3. not / at / convinced / all / I / am / that4. I / total / have / confidence / that5. fairly / certain / I / am / that6. seems / likely / that /it / me / to7. improbable I it I that / seems / highly8. very / sceptical / whether / about / am / I9. I / that / quite / sure / am10. say / would / that / I

I cannot imagine that.

A (Confident) (Not confident)

I cannot imagine that..

(D ) Listen carefully to the Recording and decide whether each statement is True or False.

1. The student implies that music appeals to more people than theatre.2. The student says most people prefer forms of entertainment which

force them to think a lot.3. The student considers people who like art to be intellectuals.4. The student considers art to be something that few people can truly appreciate.5. The student is rather sceptical about the value of art critics' views.6. The student expects people to read fewer books in the future.7. The student thinks that the quality of films produced will improve in

the future.8. The student sees a big future for virtual theatre.9. The student regards dance and music as forms of entertainment that

are sure to remain popular.10. From his various answers, we can infer that the student thinks that

theatre performances provide poor value for money.

(E ) Cover the questions below and listen to the Recording. Once the Recording is finished, look at the questions and answer them in your own words.

1. What does the student suggest as a way of getting more people interested in Art?

2. What do you think of her suggestion?

3. The student mentions children, but what about adults?What would you suggest to get more adults interested in Art?

4. Now talk about your answers with a partner or as part of a class discussion.

(F) Answer the following questions. Where relevant, try to use the phrases you have learnt to express your opinion and talk about the future. Write your answers down first to help you organise your thoughts. Then put your written answers to one side and discuss the questions orally with a partner or as part of a class discussion.

1. 'Some paintings really are worth millions of pounds.' Do you agree?

2. Do you think people are born with artistic talent or can it be learnt?

3. 'Most young people regard museums and art galleries as boring places.' Do you agree?

4. Would you say it is easy to become a success in the art world?

5. What perceptions, good and bad, do people generally have about artists?

(G ) Look at the passage about London below. Some words are missing from the text. Select the appropriate wordfrom the box to fill each gap.

minority cosmopolitan rootsinhabitants originate diverse

Today, London is one of the most ethnically (a )___________ citiesin the world. Only about half of its (b )_____________ are whiteBritish, while around 13% (c )______________ from Asia. There is alarge Indian representation also evident in the city, thought to account for approximately 6.5% of the population. The contingent ofLondoners who have African (d )_____________ is also rising - at afaster rate, in fact, than that of any other ethnic (e )____________ ,with estimates putting the Africa-descendent share of the population at 55%. Across the city, there are over three hundred different languages spoken and it is thought that there are about 50 separate non-indigenous communities with a population totalling at least 10,000. London is truly (f )______________ .

(H ) Now read the passage again and discuss these questions, either with a partner or as a class:

What might be the benefits of living in a multicultural city like London? What problems can people living in places where lots of different cultures mix sometimes face? Would your home town be regarded as multicultural? Do you think there is a danger that, when lots of people from different backgrounds come

to live in a place, the old traditions of that place might be lost? Is it important to learn about other cultures? Why?

(I) Listen to the Recording. Which question (i-v) from section (H ) is the student answering? How do you know?