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Suburban NationThe Rise of Sprawl and the Decline
of the American Dream
Andres Duany, Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk, and Jeff Speck
Presented by: Ben Barnes, Jessa Harger, Nathan Jones
Suburban Sprawl
• The Components of Sprawl
• The Effects of Sprawl
• Ways to Combat Sprawl
5 Components of Sprawl• Housing Subdivisions
• Shopping Malls
• Office Parks
• Civic Institutions
• Roadways
What is Distinct about Traditional
Neighborhoods• Neighborhood
Center
• 5 minute Walk
• Street Network
• Narrow Streets
• Mixed Use Zoning
• Special Sites for Special Buildings
Congested Traffic
• Collector Roads
• Single Use Zoning
• Useless Open Spaces
• Cul-de-sacs
• Interesting Intersections
The American Dream
• Segregation by Income
• Gated Communities
• Lack of mix of housing types
• Lack of Fronts and Backs
• 2 Illegal types of Affordable Housing– Living above the
Store
– Granny Flats
• 2 Forgotten Rules of Affordable Housing– Don’t Experiment
on the Poor– Limit the
Concentration of Housing Projects
Physical Creation Of Society
• Communal Space
• Time for Community
• Pedestrian Life– Wide Streets– Speed
• Wastefulness
• Crime
Transportation Mess
Suburban Sprawl
• The Components of Sprawl
• The Effects of Sprawl
• Ways to Combat Sprawl
Sprawl and the Developer
• Influence of Market Experts
• Traditional vs. Conventional Design
• Struggles with the Homebuilders
Victims of Sprawl
• Cul-De-Sac Kids and Bored Teenagers
• Soccer Moms
• Weary commuters
• Bankrupt Municipalities
• The Immobile Poor
The City and the Region
• “…we shall solve the city problem by leaving the city.” Henry Ford 1922 (p.135)
• Good Suburbs
• Suburbs that Help Cities
• Eight Steps to Regional Planning
Eight Steps to Regional Planning
• Admit Growth will occur• Establish a permanent Countryside Preserve• Establish a temporary Countryside Reserve• Designate the corridors • Establish Priority Development Sectors• Establish a proactive permitting process• Designate all other types of development as
districts
The Inner City
• The Amenity Package
• Civic Decorum
• Physical Health
• Retail Management
• Marketing
• Investment Security
DESIGN YOUR OWN CITY
Constrictions• A highway 2 miles
west of proposed site• A river cutting
through site in the south-eastern corner
• Densely forested area on the river bank
• Within growth ring of a medium sized city
You Will Need:• 500 homes• Schools• Public Transit• Business District• Retail Shops• Civic Buildings
• Community Centers• City Services
• Remember the importance of COMMUNITY!
Suburban Sprawl
• The Components of Sprawl
• The Effects of Sprawl
• Ways to Combat Sprawl
Ways to Combat Sprawl
• At the Local Level
• At the State Level
• At the Federal Level
At the Local Level
• Importance of Community on Political Agenda
• Change Current Regulations
• Become Pro-Active
• Think Globally, Act Locally, Plan Regionally
• Practice What you Preach
Change Current Regulations
• Encourage Public Transit• Walkable Neighborhoods• Maintain Natural Areas• Mix of houses, shops, workplace, recreation areas• Sidewalks• Narrow Streets• Parking• Public Playgrounds
At the State Level
• Transportation– Department of Transportation– Public Transportation
• Affordable Housing
At the Federal Level
• Taxes– Gasoline tax towards public transportation– Tax policies changed to encourage renovation
as much as construction
• Schools– Balanced resources for schools