13
Subtheme 2: Government and SDGs National level implementation of the 2030 Agenda Mahesti Okitasari Governance for Sustainable Development (GSD) United Nations University Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability (UNU‐IAS) November 1 st , 2019

Subtheme 2: Government and SDGs National level ... · Governance for Sustainable Development (GSD) United Nations University Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability (UNU‐IAS)

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    1

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Subtheme 2: Government and SDGs National level ... · Governance for Sustainable Development (GSD) United Nations University Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability (UNU‐IAS)

Subtheme 2: Government and SDGsNational level implementation of the 2030 Agenda

Mahesti OkitasariGovernance for Sustainable Development (GSD)

United Nations University Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability (UNU‐IAS)

November 1st, 2019

Page 2: Subtheme 2: Government and SDGs National level ... · Governance for Sustainable Development (GSD) United Nations University Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability (UNU‐IAS)

ERTDF 1‐1801 Inclusive Research on Integrated Implementation Methodology Towards 

Achievement of SDGs

Sub theme2︓Government and SDGs

(United Nations University Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability)

Research on governance for achievement of SDGs at national level(International comparison of administrative systems at central governments)

Case studies of Japanese local governments towards achievement of SDGs at sub‐national level

Effective SDGs implementation and development of assessment methods in private sectors activities

Creation of new private governance and measurement through SDGs, based on analysis of consistent activities for multiple targets (cooperation with private companies) /Investment and SDGs

Sub theme 1︓ Establishment of assessment indicators(National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan)

Development of indicators with a view to the post Fifth Basic Environment Plan• Inclusively sorting out existing indicators• Examination of integrated indicators using SDGs (social, economic and environmental 

aspects)• Investigation in effectiveness and meaning of indicators

Sub theme3︓Private sectors and SDGs

(Keio University)

Indicators and Assessment Methodology

Integrated implementation and actions with assessment outcomes

※This research is supported by the Environment Research and Technology Development Fund (1‐1801) of the Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency, Japan

Integrated implementation and actions with assessment outcomes

2

Page 3: Subtheme 2: Government and SDGs National level ... · Governance for Sustainable Development (GSD) United Nations University Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability (UNU‐IAS)

Voluntary National Reviews (VNRs) analysis of national level SDGs implementation

Mapping of National level SDGs implementation(VNRs based analysis, 2016‐2019, continued)

Analysis: Global, Region‐based, National comparative

Source: https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/20872VNR_hanbook_2019_Edition_v2.pdf

311 9 3

7

12 1310

6

4 10164

1313 14

2016 2017 2018 2019

NO. VNRS SUBMITTED 2016‐2019America Europe Africa Asia‐Pacific

Page 4: Subtheme 2: Government and SDGs National level ... · Governance for Sustainable Development (GSD) United Nations University Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability (UNU‐IAS)

Voluntary National Reviews (VNRs) analysis of national level SDGs implementation40 key factors for analysis

ReferencesGovernance & coordination (6)

Multi‐stakeholder engagement (7)

Mainstreaming mechanisms (13)

Interlinkages(6)

Financial mechanism (3)

Monitoring (5)

Allen et al (2018) Initial progress in implementing the SDGs

• Apex body (Ministry or direct under head of state)

• Platform for coordination (existing/modified or new)

• Vertical institutional Coordination

• Horizontal institutional Coordination

• Multi‐stakeholder consultation

• Multi‐stakeholder implementation

• Private sector initiatives‐implementation

• Parliamentary• Youth• Regional/local 

government• MSP platform

• SDGs mapping, alignment

• Adaptation ( targets, indicators)

• Mainstreaming existing plans

• Developing new plans

• Budget (national, local 

• Roadmap• Local 

mainstreaming (pilot, all)

• Regulatory (general, private sector)

• Awareness

• Target and goals interlinkages

• Cross‐cutting issues/sectors

• Catalytic policy/programme

• Gender mainstreaming tools

• Integration of other approach

• Policy coherence

• Finance/Economy ministry involvement

• State‐led financing

• Partnership with non‐state actors for financing

• National monitoring mechanism

• Local monitoring mechanism

• Integration with other monitoring mechanism

• Involvement of audit office/parliamentary oversight/ombudsman

• Formal involvement of non‐state

CCIC (2018) Progressing national SDGs implementation: An independent assessment of the VNRs

Sunam et al (2018) Implementing the 2030 Agenda in Asia and the PacificASEF (2017) Implementation guide for the SDGsUNDESA (2017) Overview of institutional arrangements for implementing the 2030 Agenda at national level

UNDP (2017) Institutional and coordination mechanismsBond (2016) Progressing national SDGs implementationOECD (2016) Better policies for SD 2016WRI (2016) Universality, integration, and policy coherence for SDSDSN (2015) Getting started with the SDGs: A guide for stakeholdersUNDG (2015) Mainstreaming the 2030 Agenda for SD

Page 5: Subtheme 2: Government and SDGs National level ... · Governance for Sustainable Development (GSD) United Nations University Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability (UNU‐IAS)

Voluntary National Reviews (VNRs) analysis of national level SDGs implementationCurrent status across regions

0.00%10.00%20.00%30.00%40.00%50.00%60.00%70.00%80.00%90.00%

100.00%

Apex bod

y (M

inistry)

Apex bod

y (dire

ct und

er Hea

d/De

puty of

State)

Platform

 for C

oordination

(existing/mod

ified

)

Platform

 for C

oordination (new

)

Vertical institu

tiona

l coo

rdination

Horizon

tal institutiona

l coo

rdination

Multi‐stakeh

olde

r con

sulta

tion

Multi‐stakeh

olde

r implem

entatio

n(beyon

d consultatio

n)

Private sector initiatives ‐ im

plem

entatio

n

Parliam

entary involvem

ent

Youth invo

lvem

ent

Region

al/Local governm

ent involvemen

t

Multi‐stakeh

olde

r Partnerships p

latform

SDGs M

apping

 and

 Alignm

ent

Prioritise

/ada

pt ta

rgets

Prioritise

/ada

pt indicators

Mainstreaming into existing

strategies/plan

Developing

 new

 strategies/plan/visio

n

Iden

tifying

 nationa

l bud

get for SDG

s

Iden

tifying

 local b

udget for SDG

s

SDGs R

oadm

ap/Action Plan

Mainstreaming into re

gion

al/lo

cal p

lan

(pilo

t)Mainstreaming into all region

al/lo

cal

plan

sWield legal/regulatory for

institu

tions/policy

Wield/sim

plify

 legal/regulatory for p

rivate

sector in

volvem

ent in SD

Gs

Public awaren

ess rising

 (incl. visualiza

tion,

tran

slatio

n of SDG

s)

Assess ta

rget and

 goa

ls interlink

ages

Iden

tify cross‐cutting iss

ues/sectors

Iden

tify catalytic

policy/prog

ramme/accelerators

Gen

der m

ainstrea

ming tools for SDG

s(e.g., prog

ramming, bud

getin

g,…

Integration of other app

roach (CC, DRR

,etc)

Assess policy cohe

rence

Fina

nce/Econ

omy Ministry in

volvem

ent ‐

prom

inen

t

State‐led fin

ancing

Partne

rships with

 non

‐state fo

r finan

cing

Mon

itorin

g mecha

nism

 ‐ Nationa

l

Mon

itorin

g mecha

nism

 ‐ Re

gion

al/Local

Integration with

 other app

roach's (CC

,DR

R, etc) m

onito

ring process

Involvem

ent o

f aud

it office/pa

rliam

entary

oversig

ht/ombu

dsman

(Formal) Involvemen

t of n

on‐state

actors/N

on‐governm

ent rep

ortin

g

Governance and CoordinationMechanisms

Multi‐stakeholder engagement Mainstreaming mechanims Approaches Financingmechanisms

Monitoring

National level SDG implementation (n:138, VNRs 2016‐2019)

Step completed Step commenced/on going

Page 6: Subtheme 2: Government and SDGs National level ... · Governance for Sustainable Development (GSD) United Nations University Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability (UNU‐IAS)

Governance & coordination mechanism, multi‐stakeholder engagementRegion‐based analysis

Variation across regions in setting up coordination mechanisms.

More horizontal than vertical institutional coordination.

European countries are more engaged in MSP for the SDG implementation. 

Consistent inclusion of local government in the national consultation process.

Growing interest to build multi‐stakeholder partnership platform in Europe and Asia‐Pacific.

0.00%

50.00%

100.00%

Asia‐Pacific region (n:44, VNRs 2016‐2019)

0.00%

50.00%

100.00%

European region (n:37, VNRs 2016‐2019)

0.00%

50.00%

100.00%

American region (n:21, VNRs 2016‐2019)

0.00%

50.00%

100.00%

Apex bod

y(M

inistry)

Apex bod

y(dire

ct und

erHe

ad/D

eputy…

Platform

 for

Coordina

tion

(existing/mod

if…

Platform

 for

Coordina

tion

(new

)

Vertical

institu

tiona

lcoordina

tion

Horizon

tal

institu

tiona

lcoordina

tion

Multi‐

stakeh

olde

rconsultatio

n

Multi‐

stakeh

olde

rim

plem

entatio

Private sector

initiatives ‐

implem

entatio

n

Parliam

entary

invo

lvem

ent

Youth

invo

lvem

ent

Region

al/Local

governmen

tinvo

lvem

ent

Multi‐

stakeh

olde

rPa

rtne

rships…

Governance and Coordination Mechanisms Multi‐stakeholder engagement

African region (n:36, VNRs 2016‐2019)

Step completed Step commenced/on going

1 2 3 4

1

2

3

4

Page 7: Subtheme 2: Government and SDGs National level ... · Governance for Sustainable Development (GSD) United Nations University Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability (UNU‐IAS)

Mainstreaming mechanismsRegion‐based analysis Majority have undertaken SDGs 

mapping and alignment of national frameworks and policies

Mainstreaming into existing strategies vs. develop new strategies for the SDGs implementation.

Few have developed SDGs Roadmap/ Action Plan

Integration of SDGs into national and local budgeting processes remains low. 

Slow localizing process 

0.00%

50.00%

100.00%

Asia‐Pacific region (n:44, VNRs 2016‐2019)

0.00%

50.00%

100.00%

European region (n:37, VNRs 2016‐2019)

0.00%

50.00%

100.00%

American region (n:21, VNRs 2016‐2019)

0.00%

50.00%

100.00%

SDGs M

apping

and Alignm

ent

Prioritise

/ada

pttargets

Prioritise

/ada

ptindicators

Mainstreaming

into existing

strategies/plan

Developing

 new

strategies/plan/

visio

n

Iden

tifying

natio

nal bud

get

for S

DGs

Iden

tifying

 local

budg

et fo

r SDG

s

SDGs

Road

map

/Actio

n Plan

Mainstreaming

into

region

al/lo

cal…

Mainstreaming

into all

region

al/lo

cal…

Wield

legal/regulatory

for…

Wield/sim

plify

legal/regulatory

for p

rivate…

Public

awaren

ess

rising (in

cl.…

Mainstreaming mechanims

African region (n:36, VNRs 2016‐2019)

Step completed Step commenced/on going1 2 3 4

1

2

3

4

Page 8: Subtheme 2: Government and SDGs National level ... · Governance for Sustainable Development (GSD) United Nations University Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability (UNU‐IAS)

8

Approaches and monitoring mechanismsRegion‐based analysis

0.00%

50.00%

100.00%

Asia‐Pacific region (n:44, VNRs 2016‐2019)

0.00%

50.00%

100.00%

European region (n:37, VNRs 2016‐2019)

0.00%

50.00%

100.00%

American region (n:21, VNRs 2016‐2019)

0.00%

50.00%

100.00%

Assess ta

rget and

goals

interlink

ages

Iden

tify cross‐

cutting

issue

s/sectors

Iden

tify catalytic

policy/prog

ramm

e/accelerators

Gen

der

mainstreaming

tools for SDG

s(e.g.,…

Integration of

othe

r app

roach

(CC, DRR

, etc)

Assess policy

cohe

rence

Mon

itorin

gmecha

nism

 ‐Nationa

l

Mon

itorin

gmecha

nism

 ‐Re

gion

al/Local

Integration with

othe

r app

roach's

(CC, DRR

, etc)

mon

itorin

g…

Involvem

ent o

fau

dit

office/pa

rliam

entary…

(Formal)

Involvem

ent o

fno

n‐state

actors/N

on‐…

Approaches Monitoring

African region (n:36, VNRs 2016‐2019)

Step completed Step commenced/on going

Assessing interlinkages and coherence.

Accelerate implementation through catalytic policy/ programme. Growing trend of gender mainstreaming tools for SDGs.

Low integration of other key global agreements, incl. monitoring

Monitoring mechanism (few at local, more actors at the national level).

1 12 3 3 4

1

2

3

4

Page 9: Subtheme 2: Government and SDGs National level ... · Governance for Sustainable Development (GSD) United Nations University Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability (UNU‐IAS)

9

14.29% 5.56%27.03%

9.09% 13.77%9.52% 11.11%

8.11%15.91% 11.59%

0.00%

50.00%

100.00%

Americas Africa Europe Asia‐Pacific Global

PRIVATE SECTOR INITIATIVES FOR SDGS IMPLEMENTATION

Step completed Step commenced/on going

80.95%55.56%

78.38% 65.91% 68.84%

4.76%

8.33%0.00%

4.55% 5.80%

0.00%

50.00%

100.00%

Americas Africa Europe Asia‐Pacific Global

STATE‐LED FINANCINGStep completed Step commenced/on going

4.76% 0.00%16.22% 2.27% 5.80%

19.05%13.89%

13.51%20.45% 16.67%

0.00%

50.00%

100.00%

Americas Africa Europe Asia‐Pacific Global

PARTNERSHIPS WITH NON‐STATE ACTORS FOR FINANCING

Step completed Step commenced/on going

• Increasing trends across regions on pursuing financing involving non‐state actors as an alternative from state‐led financing; e.g. sukuk, public‐private, blended finance, green bonds, SDGs bonds, etc.

• Currently, SDGs are financed through national (and local) budget

• Growing private sector‐led initiatives for SDGs implementation.

Financing for the SDGsRegion‐based analysis

Page 10: Subtheme 2: Government and SDGs National level ... · Governance for Sustainable Development (GSD) United Nations University Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability (UNU‐IAS)

10

Progress of implementation: 2016 to 2019

0.00%

20.00%

40.00%

60.00%

80.00%

100.00%

Reported completed actions 2016‐2019 (n:153)

Step completed 2019 Step completed 2018 Step completed 2017 Step completed 2016

0.00%

20.00%

40.00%

60.00%

80.00%

100.00%

Apex bod

y (M

inistry)

Apex bod

y (dire

ct und

er…

Platform

 for C

oordination…

Platform

 for C

oordination (new

)Ve

rtical institu

tiona

l…Ho

rizon

tal institutiona

l…Multi‐stakeh

olde

r con

sulta

tion

Multi‐stakeh

olde

r…Private sector initiatives ‐…

Parliam

entary involvem

ent

Youth invo

lvem

ent

Region

al/Local governm

ent…

Multi‐stakeh

olde

r Partnerships…

SDGs M

apping

 and

 Alignm

ent

Prioritise

/ada

pt ta

rgets

Prioritise

/ada

pt indicators

Mainstreaming into existing…

Developing

 new

…Iden

tifying

 nationa

l bud

get for…

Iden

tifying

 local b

udget for SDG

sSD

Gs R

oadm

ap/Action Plan

Mainstreaming into…

Mainstreaming into all…

Wield legal/regulatory for…

Wield/sim

plify

 legal/regulatory…

Public awaren

ess rising

 (incl.…

Assess ta

rget and

 goa

ls…Iden

tify cross‐cutting…

Iden

tify catalytic

…Gen

der m

ainstreaming tools…

Integration of other app

roach…

Assess policy cohe

rence

Fina

nce/Econ

omy Ministry…

State‐led fin

ancing

Partne

rships with

 non

‐state fo

r…Mon

itorin

g mecha

nism

 ‐…Mon

itorin

g mecha

nism

 ‐…Integration with

 other…

Involvem

ent o

f aud

it…(Formal) Involvemen

t of n

on‐…

Governance and Coordination MechanismsMulti‐stakeholder engagement Mainstreaming mechanims ApproachesFinancing mechanismsMonitoring

Reported commenced/on going actions 2016‐2019 (n:153)

Step commenced/on going 2019 Step commenced/on going 2018

Step commenced/on going 2017 Step commenced/on going 2016

VNRs and HLPFs are peer‐learning process.

More active involvement of private sectors in the implementation process now than before  Increasing partnerships with non‐state actors for SDGs financing  

More involvement of parliamentary, youth, regional/local governments. Partnerships platforms.

Mainstreaming into national policies and plans  budgeting and local plans.

Catalytic programme/policy and applied tools for accelerating implementation

Page 11: Subtheme 2: Government and SDGs National level ... · Governance for Sustainable Development (GSD) United Nations University Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability (UNU‐IAS)

Progress of implementation 2016‐2019:Opportunities

11

Leaderships, Governance and Coordinating MechanismDeveloping robust vertical and horizontal governance mechanisms to address cross‐cutting and complex sustainability issues.Expanding the governance structure.

Policies for 2030 Agenda ImplementationCreating links across sectors and actors to strengthen interlinkages between SDGs and targets, and with other agenda.Better operationalization identify gaps, align and adapt policies.

2030 Agenda ImplementationIntegrating the SDGs into national and local budgetary processes to improve policy coherence.Partnership to realize the SDGs; identification area of engagement, financing.Local monitoring and reporting.

Page 12: Subtheme 2: Government and SDGs National level ... · Governance for Sustainable Development (GSD) United Nations University Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability (UNU‐IAS)

National governance systems to achieve the SDGsCase studies of Japan and Indonesia

00.20.40.60.81

Vision and objectivesetting

Research andassessment

Strategy developmentImplementation

Monitoring,evaluation, and review

Japan's National Governance System for SDGs 

Decision‐making capacity National Connectivity National

Knowledge use National

00.20.40.60.81

Vision and objectivesetting

Research andassessment

Strategy developmentImplementation

Monitoring,evaluation, and review

Indonesia's National Governance System for SDGs

Decision‐making capacity National Connectivity National

Knowledge use National

• To identify different governance system structures for achieving the SDGs and barriers to improve their performance

• Modified matrix tools of GSA framework (Dale et al., 2013). • Analysis of 3 key functions (decision‐making capacity, connectivity, knowledge 

use) across 5 key structural. 

Japan• Relatively well‐structured systems regarding vision and objective 

setting, research and assessment, strategy development. • Challenging implementation and MER in term of connectivity 

function.

Indonesia• Relatively well‐structured systems for research and assessment, 

strategy development, MER. • Challenging vision and objective in term of connectivity function. 

Source: Morita, K., M. Okitasari and H. Masuda (2019) Analysis of national and local governance systems to achieve the sustainable development goals: case studies of Japan and Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625‐019‐00739‐z

Page 13: Subtheme 2: Government and SDGs National level ... · Governance for Sustainable Development (GSD) United Nations University Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability (UNU‐IAS)

thank youThis research received funding from Government of Japan through the Environment Research and Technology 

Development Fund (1‐1801 and S‐16) of the Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency

[email protected]