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Subsea Production Systems
SUBSEA PROCESSING SYSTEMS
Why Do We Need Subsea Processing?• Oil & gas fields being discovered in deeper, more remote places• Fields further away from host facilities or shore• Increased recovery factors• Improved flowrates• Improved flow assurance• Potential cost savings over use of conventional technology, second
pipeline• Improved project economics
PROCESSING• Subsea processing can be defined as any handling and treatment of the produced
fluids for mitigating flow assurance issue prior to reaching the platform or onshore.
This includes boosting, separation, solids management, heat exchanging, gas
treatment and chemical injection. Boosting system, mainly consisting of various
pumps fitted for the fluid to be transported. It is a system used for increasing
pressure in flow pipes on order to enhance flow capacity. Separation is consisting
of a bulk separator tailored for subsea use. It is a system designed for separation
fluid and gas from a multi-phase fluid. There are two major types of separation,
two phase separation to split gas and liquid and three phase separation splitting
oil, gas and water. Chemical injection some of the chemicals used is corrosion
inhibitors, workover /packer fluids hydrate and paraffin inhibitors, defamers,
solvents glycol, and diesel. These chemicals are typically used for batch
treatments; small-volume continues injections, and remedial treatments such as
workover operations
Subsea Tree•Subsea Control Module•Valves & Chokes•Temperature Sensors•Pressure Sensors•Sand Detectors•Corrosion Monitors
Subsea Electronics Module (SEM)
UMBILICAL SYSTEMS • It is a bundled arrangement of tubing, piping, and electrical
conductors in an armored sheath that is installed form the host
facility to the subsea production system equipment an umbilical
is used to transmit the control fluid san electrical current
necessary to control the functions of the subsea production and
safety equipment (tree, Valves, manifold,ect) dedicated tubes in
an umbilical are used to monitor pressure and inject fluids
( Chemicals such as methanol ) from the host facility to critical
areas within the subsea production equipment. Electrical
conductors transmit power to operate subsea electronic devices
Application:• Integrated flowline, control umbilical and
power cableAdvantages:• Simplified subsea architecture• Cheaper faster installation• Can be used as production flowline or
service line• Trace heating and monitoring
Disadvantages – • installation vessel size • jointing of super duplex offshore
INTEGRATED PRODUCTION UMBILICAL
MANIFOLD
• The manifold is an arrangement of piping and valves designed to combine, distribute, control, and often monitor fluid flow. A subsea manifold collects flow from multiple wells before transporting the fluid to host facility. Subsea manifolds are installed on the seabed within an array of wells to gather production or to inject water or gas into wells
Jumpers• It is a short pipe connector
that is used to transport production fluid between two subsea components for example, a tree and manifold and anther manifold
Subsea wellheads• Wellhead is general term used to
describe the pressure-containing component at the surface of an oil well that provides the interface for drilling, completion, and testing of all subsea operation phases the primary purpose of wellhead is provide the suspension point and pressure seals for casing strings that run from the bottom of the hole sections to the surface pressure control equipment
SUBSEA PROCESSING EQUIPMENTMULTI PHASE PUMP
Application:• Well stream energy enhancement Advantages:• Drawdown of wellhead pressure• Increased production rates• Increase reservoir recovery• Increased tie-back distance• Separated liquids evacuation
INJECTION PUMPApplication• Water injection pressure boostingAdvantages:• Increased injection rates• Increased tie-back distance• Ability to inject produced water or sea water subsea
SUBSEA GAS COMPRESSORApplication:• Subsea gas compressionAdvantages:• Drawdown of wellhead pressure• Increased production rates• Increase reservoir recovery• Increased tie-back distance• Separated gas evacuation• High tolerance for liquid droplets
COMPACT SEPARATION TECHNOLOGYApplication:• Compact gas, oil and water 2 or 3
phase separationAdvantages:• Small size and weight
SUBSEA SEPARATION SYSTEM
Gas Compressor
Separator
Water Injection Trees
Oil and Gas Export Lines
Power and Control Umbilicals
Subsea Production Trees
Booster Pump
• Separation System functionality • 2 or 3 phase separation of
wellstream• Increase production• Increase reservoir recovery• Improve flow assurance• Debottleneck flowlines, riser and
topside systems.• Re-inject produced water