SUBMITTED BY Tamil Nadu Electricity Board · SUBMITTED BY Tamil Nadu Electricity Board ... The proposed 2X800 MW Thermal power plant consist of super ... New Delhi. Tamil Nadu Electricity

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY of

EIA for Proposed Ennore SEZ Thermal Power Project (2X800 MW)

at Vayalur Village, Ambathur Taluk, Thiruvallur District

Tamil Nadu.

SUBMITTED BY Tamil Nadu Electricity Board

3rd Floor Eastern Wing, NPKRR Maaligai, 144, Anna Salai, Chennai-2

PREPARED BY RAMKY Enviro Engineers Ltd.,

TSR Towers, Rajbhavan Road, Somajiguda, Hyderabad-500 082.

E-mail: [email protected]

Executive Summary of EIA for proposed Ennore SEZ Thermal Power Project (2X800) MW at Vayalur Village, Ambathur Taluk, Thiruvallur District, Tamil Nadu.

Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd., Hyderabad

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 INTRODUCTION Tamil Nadu is facing an increasingly growing demand for electric power as a result of the rapid population growth, urbanization and industrialization in the state. Currently the state depends on the central power sector and independent power producer for nearly 50% of its requirement. Taking all these into consideration, establishment of the proposed power plant of 2X800 MW at the existing ash dyke of NCTPS is justified in all aspects, since this will only meet a part of the projected power demand. The proposed 2X800 MW Thermal power plant consist of super critical boiler with steam flow of 2575 TPH, steam pressure 247 ata and temperature 565˚C. Boiler will be of pulverized fuel. Coal with ash content less than 34% will be used. Cooling system is Natural Draft Cooling Towers with recirculation arrangement. The chimney height is 275 meters. ESP efficiency is 99.9% to limit outlet dust concentration below 100 mg/Nm3. Water will be met from Bay of Bengal. The requirement of coal will be met out from both Indigeneous and Foreign sources at the rate of 70:30 as per the guidelines of GOI. As per EIA notification S.O. No 1533 issued on 14th September, 2006 and its subsequent amendments the proposed project is falling under Project / Activity 1(d) – Thermal Power Plants and Category A ≥ 500 MW (Coal / Lignite / Naphtha & gas based) project, and requires Environmental Clearance from Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC), MOEF, New Delhi. Tamil Nadu Electricity Board (TANGEDCO) has submitted Form-1 (Vide Letter no: SE/C/P&E/EE/EMC/AEE/C/F. Ennore SEZ TPP.D.463/10, Date: 08.03.2010) application for obtaining Terms of Reference (TOR) from EAC. 2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT The proposed power project is Ennore SEZ Thermal Power Project of 2X800 MW Coal based super critical technology to be located in Ash dyke of NCTPS. The proposed super critical thermal power plant offers better heat rate than sub critical power plant. The heat rate is lower by 5% in supercritical, thereby coal firing rate is less by 5% and associated environmental benefits viz. less CO2 emissions. Although the capital cost of supercritical unit is higher than the sub-critical unit, the benefits of lower operating costs together with less environmental impact lay the



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basis for selection of supercritical units for the proposed thermal power plant. The site features are given in Table 2.1 and technical details in Table 2.2

Table 2.1 Site Features of the Proposed Project

Soil type Silica Sandy

Ground elevation The ground elevation of the site is +9 M above MSL.

Available Land 500 acres

Topo sheet No. 86 C/7 & 86 C/8

Latitude & Longitude 13° 17’ to 13°18’N & 80° 18’ to 80°19’ E

Nearest City Chennai at South direction (35 Km)

Distance for CRZ >500m

Seismicity Zone Earth Quake Zone-III as defined in IS: 1893-2002

Nearest Villages Vayalur Village

Nearest Railway Station Athipattu at 5.0 km.

Nearest Highway SH-107 at 5 km & National Highway-5, 12 km

Nearest Air Port Chennai at 60km

Nearest River Koratliyar River, 3 KM

Nearest sea Bay of Bengal, East- 3 km

Table 2.2 Technical Details of the Proposed Coal Based TPP

Equipment Description No of Units 2 x 800 Boiler type Pulverized coal fired 2 nos Steam parameters Pressure upto 256 kg/cm2(a), temp 568° - 595°C Cooling water system Natural draft cooling tower 2 nos Electrostatic Precipitator

99.9% efficiency (8 fields + 1 stand by field)

Ash handling system Fly ash: Vaccum cum pressure type/ pressure cum pressure type upto silo, further pumping to ash pond by High Concentrated Slurry Disposal (HCSD) system or slurry pumps Bottom Ash: Dry bottom ash handling system or wet



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Equipment Description system upto bottom ash slurry sump and bottom ash slurry sump ash pond by slurry pumps

Coal Consumption 8.10 MTPA at 85% PLF Water Requirement Sea water Requirement:

Daily requirement: 330960 m3/day One time requirement: 4833120 m3/day Sweet Requirement: 18120 m3/day

Ash Generation 4778 TPD Total Project cost Rs.8000 Crores EMP Cost Rs. 500 Crores 3 BASIC REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Land The total land required for the proposed power plant is 500 acres. The detailed break up of the land for various activities proposed in the Thermal Power project is given as Table 3.1.1

Table 3.1.1 Details of the Land break (in acres)

S.No. Description Area

1. Main Plant Area 70

2. Water system area including cooling tower, Raw water & fire water 60

3. Misc. buildings & ware house area 40

4. Vacant land for FGD Plant 5

5. Coal stock yard area 65

6. Pre assembly/storage yard area 25*

7. Green belt 130

8. Roads, drains and others 20

9. Internal corridor for cooling water and coal conveyor 35

10. Switch yard 50

11. External corridor for sea water and coal conveyor 40**

Total 540 Note:

*On completion of job this area will be utilized for green belt **To be acquired/leased from EPL (Ennore Port Ltd)



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3.2 Coal Requirement and Availability The coal required for the proposed power plant will be meet using 70% Indian coal and 30% imported Coal the details are given in Table 3.2.1. The details of the Coal Characteristics are given in Table 3.2.2

Table 3.2.1

Source of Coal S. No Type Source Quantity Remarks

1 Indian Kalinga Block, Talcher, Mahanadhi and IB Valley

3.82 MTPA Calorific value 3800 Kcal/kg @85% PLF

2 Imported Foreign countries 1.64 MTPA Calorific value 6000 Kcal/kg @85% PLF

Total 5.46 MTPA

Table 3.2.2 Details of Coal Characteristics

S. No Details Units 70:30

1 Coal consumption TPH 728

TPD 17470

Million TPA 5.46

2 Ash % 27.4

3 Sulphur % 0.6

4 Gross calorific value Kcal/kg 5000 3.3 Water The sources of water for the proposed power plant are Bay of Bengal & Chennai Metro Water Supply & Sewerage Board (CMWSSB). The sea water will be drawn from the Ennore port basin, which is about 3 km away from site. It is proposed that water requirement for the plant including cooling water make-up to cooling tower, plant cycle make-up, potable and service water, etc., would be met from sea. The detailed break-up of the water required is given in Table 3.3 & 3.4.



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Table 3.3 Sea Water Requirement – m3/day

S.No. Description Estimated Quantity

m3/hr m3/day

1. Condenser cooling water system 90065 2161560

2. ACW cooling water system (Secondary) 4800 115200

3. Ash water system & Coal Handling system 2250 54000

4. Cooling water pumps 94865 2276760

5. Cooling water system blow down 9400 225600

One Time Requirement 201380 4833120

6. Cooling water make up requirement 12230 293520

7. Sea water requirement for Desalination plant 1560 37440

(Daily Requirement) Total 13790 330960

Concentration Ratio 1:3

Table 3.4

Sweat Water Requirement – m3/day

S.No. Description Estimated Quantity

m3/hr m3/day

1. To cycle make up 200 4800

2. RO/DM plant 140 3360

3. CHP dust suppression system 150 3600

4. Plant potable water requirement 10 240

5. Service water system 255 6120

Total Sweet water requirement for (2X800 MW) 755 18120



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3.4 Infrastructure Availability Infrastructure facilities such as coal yard & coal handling facilities, oil storage facilities, road network, colony etc existing will be utilized for NCTPS unit. 3.5 Power Evacuation The power evacuation lines would be through 400 kv system (Type 400 KV gas Insulated Switchgear) connected to the 400 KV SS available in and around the project site (ie., Sunguvar Chattram, Alamathy, North Chennai TPS Stage II, Thiruvalam, Vallur TPS, Sripermpudur). 3.6 Man power Requirement The man power required for the project will be sourced from near by areas to the maximum extent in case of non availability of skilled persons, they will be engaged from near by areas. In the construction period 175 persons are required and 550 persons are required in operation & Maintenance.

4 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS 4.1 Meteorology On site monitoring was undertaken during March 2010 to May 2010. Predominant wind direction during winter season is SE closely followed by SW & E. The meteorological data recorded is used for prediction of ground level concentrations due to the proposed Project. 4.2 Ambient Air Quality Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) was carried out at 10 locations within 10 Km peripheral of the project site. AAQ locations were selected in downwind, cross wind and upwind directions of the proposed plant location. AAQ levels are recorded are given below Table: 4.2.1.

Table: 4.2.1 Ambient Air Quality levels in the study area- µg/m3

S.No Parameter Min Max CPCB,Limits1 SPM 82 243 ---* 2

RPM PM2.5µ 15 54 60

3 PM10µ 26 83 100 4 SO2 6.2 19.6 80 5 NOx 9.6 27.9 80 6 O3 20.5 35.1 100 7 Hg BDL BDL ---*

Note:* No standards are given for SPM & Hg in the Revised NAAQ standards.



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The measured Ambient Air Quality levels are within the CPCB limits 4.3 Noise levels in the study area Baseline noise levels are monitored at 10 locations in the study area and found that noise levels are within the prescribed limits. 4.4 Water Quality Ground water samples at 8 locations and surface water samples at 2 locations were collected in the study area and analyzed to assess the water quality. Ground Water Quality – Observations

The pH of water samples varied from 7.46 to 7.71 The Total Dissolved Solids are in the range of 312 mg/l to 1105 mg/l. The Total Hardness values are in the range of 118 mg/l to 528 mg/l The chloride values are in the ranges of 31 mg/l to 211 mg/l. The fluoride values are in the rage of 0.6 mg/l to 0.8 mg/l.

Backwash Water (Surface Water) Quality – Observations

The pH of the surface water is in the range of 7.46 to 7.71 The Total Dissolved Solids are in the range of 1680 mg/l to 29210 mg/l The Fluoride values are in the range of 0.85 mg/l to 0.95 mg/l The Total Hardness is in the order of 580 mg/l to 4704 mg/l The total chlorides are in the order of 537 mg/l to 14979 mg/l

4.5 Soil Quality Soil quality studies are performed around the project site. Soil samples were collected from 8 locations at various depths and physico-chemical characteristics of the collected samples were analyzed. 4.5.1 Soil Quality – Observations

The soil quality analysis indicates the soils are predominantly in Gray colour. The pH of soil indicates normal to saline nature (7.24 to 7.62) Available Nitrogen in the soil observed to be between 3.8 to 10.1 kg/ha,

Phosphorous levels observed to be between 2.8 to 36.5 kg/ha and Potassium observed to be between 9.6 to 186.2 kg/ha



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4.6 Environmental sensitive areas Study was carried out to identify environmental sensitive areas with in 15 Km peripheral of the project site and found that there are no Sanctuary, Elephant/Tiger reserve (existing as well as proposed), migratory roots within 15 Km of the project site.

Sl. No. Features Existence with in 15 Km of the

project site 1 Sanctuary Nil 2 Elephant/ Tiger reserve Nil 3 Migratory routes Nil

5 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT The proposed power plant may cause impact on the environment in two phases.

During construction phase During Operation phase

5.1 Impact during Construction Phase Increase in SPM, RPM (PM10 & PM2.5), SO2, NOX & CO levels due to construction activities and movement of vehicles. The impact of these activities would be temporary and will be confined within the project boundary. The impact on water environment during construction phase is likely to be short term and insignificant. The impact of noise due to construction activities is insignificant, reversible and localized in nature. No significant adverse impacts on the soil in the surrounding area are anticipated. No major impacts on the flora and fauna in the region are anticipated during the construction phase.

Overall, there will not be any adverse impact on the surroundings during the construction period.

5.2 Impacts during Operation Phase 5.2.1 Impact on Air Quality The important air pollutants generated from proposed thermal power plant are Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), Sulphur dioxide (SO2) and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX). Emission details from the proposed 2X800MW TPP is given in below Table5.2.1



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Table 5.2.1 Emission Details of proposed 2X800 MW Thermal Power Plant

Details 2 x 800 MW

Units TPP Plant capacity MW 2X800

Boiler Capacity T/hr 2575

Type of fuel - Coal Fuel Consumption TPD 17438 Height of the stack m 275 Dia. of stack m 6.6 Temp of flue gas o C 134 Velocity of flue gas m/s 22 Flue gas Flow rate m3/s 3012 Ash content % 27.4 Sulphur Content % 0.6 SPM Emissions g/s 44.3 SO2 Emissions g/s 2422

NOx Emissions g/s 1635

Using the above emission data and meteorological data, incremental concentrations of SPM, SO2 and NOx have been predicted. For predictions of incremental GLCs, USEPA approved ISCST3 model has been used and post project scenario has been assessed as given in Table 5.2.

Table: 5.2 Post Project Scenario-Units: µg/m3

Particulars Particulate

Matter (PM10) Sulphur

dioxide (SO2)

Oxides of Nitrogen

(NOX) Baseline Scenario (Max) 83 19.6 27.9 Predicted GLC (Max) 2.2 42.6 33.5 Overall Scenario (Worst Case) 85.2 62.2 61.4 MOEF / CPCB Standards 100 80 80 The predicted ground level concentrations are superimposed on the baseline levels. The post project pollution levels are found to be within the CPCB limits. 5.2.2 Impact on Water Quality The main source of water for the proposed power plant is Bay of Bengal & Chennai Metro Water Supply & Sewarage Board (CMESSB). 248717 m3/day of wastewater



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will be generated from the proposed power plant. 100% effluent will be treated and reused and impact on natural sources would be negligible. 5.2.3 Ash Generation and its Impact The total ash expected to be generated will be about 4778 TPD at an average ash content of 27.4 % (955.6 tones/day bottom ash + 3822.4 tones/day fly ash). Fly ash and bottom ash would be collected and stored in the silos and given to end users for manufacturing cement and bricks purposes, impact on the environment would be negligible. 5.2.4 Impact on Soil Quality As the proposed project does not discharge any treated water into the river, hence there will be no impact envisaged due to the proposed project on soil quality. The major amount of the wastewater generated is from cooling tower blow down and SWRO reject will be sent to Sea, and rest of the treated wastewater coming from domestic and plant services are treated and reused within plant premises for greenbelt development, make up for fire, dust suppression, etc. The discharge into the sea will be as per the marine studies report, hence the impact on soil quality will be minimum due to the proposed project 5.2.5 Impact on Ecology The impact of the project on flora and fauna would be negligible. 5.2.6 Demography and Socio-Economics The impacts of the proposed of power plant during operation of power plant on demography and socio economic conditions would be both positive and negative some them are as follows.

Increase in employment opportunities and Reduction in migrants to outside for employment.

Growth in services sector Increase in consumer prices of indigenous produce and services, land prices,

house rent rates and Labour prices. Improvement in socio cultural environment of the study area. Improvement in transport, communication, health and educational services. Increase in employment due to increased business, trade and commerce and

service sector. The overall impact on the socio economic environment will be beneficial.



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5.2.7 Impact on Health Adequate air, water and noise pollution control measures will be provided in the proposed SEZ units to conform to regulatory standards. The environmental management and emergency preparedness plans are proposed to ensure that the probability of undesired events and consequences are greatly reduced, and adequate mitigation is provided in case of an emergency. The overall impact on Human health would be negligible during operation of power plant. The overall impact on the socio economic environment will be beneficial due to proposed power plant is Superior technology, reduces green house emissions and Environmental friendly /CDM benefits. 6 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 6.1 Air Quality Management Major pollutants envisaged from the proposed project are particulate matter, sulphur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen and fugitive dust. The following methods of abatement will be employed for the air pollution control.

To control & limit Particulate matter to 50 mg/Nm3 in the flue gas, highly efficient (99.9%) ESPs are proposed.

Chimney of 275m height will be provided for proper dispersion of sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen.

To reduce NOx emission, steam generators would be fitted with advanced low NOx burners. NOx generation in steam generators would be limited to 750 mg/Nm3 in accordance with World Bank norms. The NOx emissions would be checked for Ground Level Concentrations (GLC’s) as per Indian Emission Regulations.

Coal dust would be generated generally at the conveyor transfer points, coal unloading area and coal stock pile area. Hence, coal transfer points and coal stock yard would be provided with dust suppression/dust extraction facilities. Further, in order to arrest the coal dust generation, all conveyors would be provided with enclosed galleries. The bottom portion of all the conveyor galleries would be provided with seal plates within the power plant area and at road crossings.

Dust collection system would also be provided in coal bunkers to evacuate dust and hazardous gases like Methane from the coal bunkers. Collected dust would be returned to either the associated belt conveyor or to the coal bunker. The dust collector outlet emission would be restricted to 150 mg/Nm3.



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Internal roads will be concreted / asphalted to reduce fugitive emissions. 100% fly ash utilization will be carried as per MOEF guidelines. 100% dry fly ash will be collected in dry form in silos and will be given to

the cement and brick units. Hydro bins will be provided to collect bottom ash for further disposal to the

users.

6.2 Water quality management Details of effluent generation and Water balance are given below Table 6.2.1.

Table6.2.1

Water Balance – m3/day

Particulars Raw Water Waste Water

Loss Discharge

Sea Water CW Make Up 293520 225785 67735 NCTPS Stage II out let

(COC 1.3) Sea water for DS Plant 37440 19320 18120* NCTPS Stage II out let

Sub Total 330960 245105 Sweet Water To Cycle make up 4800 - 4800 - RO/DM Plant 3360 336 3024 CMB to NCTPS Stage

II out let CHP Dust Suppression 3600 - 3600 - Plant Potable Water Requirement

240 216 24 STP to GB

Service Water System 6120 3060 3060 CMB to NCTPS Stage II out let

Sub Total 18120 3612 14508 Total 248717

6.3 Ash Utilization plan Fly ash and bottom ash would be collected and stored in the silos and given to end users for manufacturing cement and bricks. TANGEDCO would put maximum efforts and ensure bottom ash utilization. 100% ash utilization will be achieved as per MoE&F new notification dated 03-11-2009 in the phased manner as follows.



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S. No Fly ash utilization level Target date

1. At least 50% of fly ash generation One year from the date of commissioning 2. At least 70% of fly ash generation Two years from the date of commissioning 3. 90% of fly ash generation Three years from the date of commissioning 4. 100% of fly ash generation Four years from the date of commissioning

6.4 Noise Level Management Equipment will be designed to 85 dB(A) to meet ambient noise levels as per the OSHA regulations. 6.5 Storm water Management Proper drainage system will be provided to ensure smooth draining of storm water without water logging problems. 7 Environmental monitoring 7.1 Stack Gas Monitoring The emissions from the stack will be monitored continuously using online continuous stack monitoring equipment for sulphur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen and particulate matter. 7.2 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring The ambient air quality will be monitored for SPM, RPM (PM10 & PM2.5), SO2, NOx, Ozone and Mercury as per the direction of the state pollution control board. 7.3 Monitoring of other parameters Ground and surface water quality, effluent quality, noise levels monitoring etc will be regularly monitored and reported to TNPCB and also MoE&F, GOI. 8 COST PROVISION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION MEASURES In order to comply with the environmental protection measures as suggested in the above sections, TANGEDCO has budgetary provision for Environmental Protection and Safety measures. The estimated cost of the overall project is about INR 8000 Crores. Around 3.75% of the total project cost has been allocated to Environmental Management. Cost towards Environmental Mitigation Measures is given in Table 8.1.



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Table 8.1 Cost towards Environmental Mitigation Measures

S.No Particulars Capital Cost

(Rs. in Crores) Recurring Cost (Rs. In Crores)

1

Dust control system i) ESP ii) Dust Suppression system for coal handling

120.0 3.0

4.93 0.74

2 Chimney 100.00 0.08 Cooling Tower 43.00 5.00

3 Water pollution treatment & recycling system including R.O plant

30.00 2.47

4 Bottom ash & Fly ash collection, storage, dispensing system

160.00 5.75

5 Greenbelt development 2.00 0.21

6 Pollution monitoring instruments/ equipment

7.00 0.41

7 Other unforeseen items 35.00 7.00 Total 500 26.59

9 ORGANIZATIONAL SET UP FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT Environment Division headed by an experienced Executive Engineer is direct responsible for Environmental Management of the existing station. The Executive Engineer reports to the Superintending Engineer (Environment) and Chief Engineer (O&M). The environment division has Environmental Engineering and Environmental Chemistry group. The existing Environmental management team will discharge the responsibilities of the proposed unit.

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SUBMITTED BY Tamil Nadu Electricity Board · SUBMITTED BY Tamil Nadu Electricity Board ... The proposed 2X800 MW Thermal power plant consist of super ... New Delhi. Tamil Nadu Electricity