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Subject
• The subject of a sentence is the person, place, thing, or idea that the sentence is about. The subject is a noun or pronoun.
• The subject is the “who or what” word in the sentence.
• Ask yourself, “who or what is the sentence about?”
• “Who or what is doing something in this sentence?”
Verbs
• Many verbs express action; they tell what the subject is doing. You can find an action verb by asking, “What does the subject do?”• Examples:• People applauded.• Gloria wrote the answers on the
board.
Linking Verbs
• Linking verbs do not show action.• Linking Verbs: is, are, was, and were• These words join (or link) the
subject to something that is said about the subject.• Example: Gloria is a teacher.
Verbs
• Some verbs consist of more than one word- a helping verb plus the main verb.• Examples:• Gloria has written the answer on
the board.• The verb is has written.
Verbs
• The balloons were drifting slowly to earth.• The verb is were drifting.• The verb of a sentence never
begins with to. • Example:
Examples
• Gloria is going to write the answer on the board.• The verb of the sentence is is going.
It is not write or to write.• The balloons seemed to hang in the
air.• The verb of the sentence is seemed.
It is not hang or to hang.
List of Helping Verbs
• Forms of be: be, am, is, are, was, were, being, been• Forms of have: have, has, had• Forms of do: do , does, did• Forms of do: do does, did• Special Verbs: can, could, may, might,
must , ought (to) , shall, should, will, would
Practice
• Circle the subject and underline the verb.• 1. Dogs at the animal shelter wait for a
good home.• 2. The frozen fish on the counter
defrosted quickly.• 3. Two young boys from the
neighborhood were playing catch in the alley.
Prepositional Phrases
• A prepositional phrase is a group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun.• The subject of a sentence is never
part of the prepositional phrase.
Examples of Prepositional Phrases• In the house• Of the world• From the bakery• With your permission• What is the subject in the following sentence?• A bunch of green grapes fell onto the supermarket
floor.• The answer is bunch, but many people would be
tempted to choose grapes. In this case, however, grapes is part of the prepositional phrase of green grapes, so it cannot be the subject.
Practice
• First, cross out the prepositional phrases in the following sentences. Then underline the subject.
• 1.The sick man, with the shaking hands, poured the pills from the brown bottle.
• 2. A student in the class fell asleep during the long lecture.
• 3. The blue berries in this pie are bitter.
Further Practice
• 4. Like her father, Abby adores basketball.• 5. The dust under your bed contains tiny
creatures.• 6. From my bedroom window, I can watch my
neighbor’s TV.• One of my best friends is a computer
programmer.
Preposition
• A word that connects a noun or a pronoun to another word in the sentence.• Example: A man in the bus was
snoring loudly.• In is a preposition. It connects the
noun bus to man.
Object of the Preposition
• The noun or pronoun that a preposition connects to another word in the sentence is called the object of the preposition.
Practice
• An ant was crawling up the teacher’s leg.• What is the proposition?• What is the prepositional phrase?• What is it connecting?• What is the object of the
preposition?
Further Practice
• The man with he black mustache left the restaurant quickly.• What is the preposition?• What is the prepositional phrase?• What is it connecting?• What is the object of the
preposition?