Study Sheet for Chapter 8 Test

ANSWERS

1. EQUATION

• For photosynthesis

•6 H2O + 6 CO2 ----->

•C6H12O6+ 6 O2

light

2. Going in and out

• What goes into the stoma?

• What goes out of the stoma?

• H20 and CO2

• Water and O2

both LIR

Both LDR

Definitions:

Carbon fixation

• Incorporation of carbon from CO2

(unusable) to make organic compounds (usable) like glucose

Absorption of Chlorophyll Graph

• What color wavelength is absorbed by chlorophyll a at its highest peak?

• Blue-violet and red• What color is

absorbed by carotene pigment?

• Orange

Absorption of Chlorophyll Graph

• What color wavelength is reflected by chlorophyll a at its highest peak? Green and yellow

HINT: WOULD THE REFLECTION BE HIGH OR LOW ON AN ABSORPTION GRAPH?

3. Main function of chlorophyll

• Turn the leaf yellow

• Capture sunlight energy

• Make sugar from carbon dioxide

• Make rubisco

• ANSWER: capture sunlight energy

Definitions:

• rubisco • Enzyme that combines CO2 with RuBP to start the Calvin cycle

DIAGRAMS

• Leaf Cross Section• Check your study

guide bottom pg. 1

Answers

• A=cuticle• B=Upper epidermis• C=Vein• D=Phloem• E=xylem• F=Palisade layer• G=spongy layer• H=guard cell• I=stomata

DIAGRAM

• A. PS II• B. ETC• C. PS I• D. thylakoid interior• E. ATP synthase• F. stroma

F

680 700

Do You Know?????

• What is under the XXXX’s?

• ANSWER: Stromal lamella

XXXX

4. Chlorophyll a

• Reflects what pigments the most?

• ANSWER: Green and yellow

• Absorbs what pigments the most?

• ANSWER: Blue-violet and red

5. Where does the oxygen come from?

• Splitting of oxygen

• Splitting of water

• Pure oxygen taken into a leaf

• Glucose breaking apart

• ANSWER: splitting of water

REDOX QUESTION:CO2 C6H12O6

• Oxidized?• Reduced?

• ANSWER: Reduced• (gains H+) GER• (gains e-)

REDOX QUESTION:H2O O2

• Oxidized?• Reduced?

• ANSWER: Oxidized• (lose H+) LEO• (lose e-)

6. Sugar (glucose) is assembled where?

• A. thylakoid interior

• B. thylakoid membrane

• C. stroma

• D. outer membrane

• ANSWER: stroma

• (in LIR)

Where do they take place?

• LDR• Thylakoid disk

• LIR•stroma

Where does each take place?

• LIR• LDR• Calvin cycle• ETC• Chemiosmosis• Splitting of water

• Stroma• Thylakoid disks• Stroma• Thylakoid

membrane• Thylakoid interior

through thylakoid membrane to stroma

• Thylakoid interior

Definitions:

• Photophos- phorylation

• autotrophs

• Using light to make ATP (ADP + P) by chemiosmosis

• Organism that makes its own food (photosynthetic plants)-plants also known as PRODUCERS

8. What 2 hi-energy molecules are made in the LDR to run the LIR?

• A. ATP and NADPH

• B. ADP and NADP

• C. ADP and NADPH

• D. ATP and NADP

• ANSWER: A

9. What is another name for the LIR?

• ETC

• LDR

• Krebs cycle

• Calvin cycle

• ANSWER: Calvin cycle (LIR)

CHLOROPLAST DIAGRAM

• A. Outer membrane• B. inner membrane• C. granum• D. thylakoid disk• E. stroma• F. stromal lamella

F

10. What happens when a pigment molecule absorbs a photon?

• Electrons leave the pigment molecules

• Electrons are added to the pigment

• Electrons in the pigment gain energy and are raised to an excited state

• The electrons in the pigment lost energy and fall to the ground state

• ANSWER: Electrons in the pigment gain energy and are raised to an excited state

11. WHAT ARE THE PRODUCTS?

• Of LDR?

• Of LIR?

• ATP and NADPH and oxygen

• Glucose and ADP and NADP+

12. How many turns?

• Of the Calvin cycle to produce one molecule of glucose?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 6

• ANSWER: 6

What makes glucose?

• 2 molecules of G3P

• 3 molecules of RuBP

• 4 molecules of CO2

• An ATP and a G3P

• 2 NADPH and 4 ATP

• ANSWER: 2 molecules of G3P

Photophosphorylation

• Makes ATP in the ETC

• Makes ATP by chemiosmosis

• Makes NADPH in the ETC

• Makes NADPH by chemiosmosis

• ANSWER: makes ATP by chemiosmosis

DIAGRAMS

• PHOTOSYSTEM• A. photon of light • B. reaction center• C. pigment molecules

of antenna

13. In the LDR where would the H+ ions collect?

• A. on the thylakoid membrane

• B. on the outer membrane

• C. in the thylakoid interior (lumen)

• D. in the stroma

• ANSWER: C

PICTURE IT: Where do the H+ collect after they are split from

water?

G

Where do the H+ collect after they are split from water?

D – thylakoid interior

H+ H+

H+ H+

G

Where would be ATP synthase be located?

• A. on the thylakoid membrane

• B. on the outer membrane

• C. in the thylakoid interior (lumen)

• D. in the stroma

• ANSWER: A

PICTURE IT: Where is the ATP synthase located?

G

Where is the ATP synthase located?

E

G

Where are these formed?

• NADPH

• ATP

• LDR By high energy electrons passing through the ETC

• By H+ ions passing through the ATP synthase via chemiosmosis

PICTURE IT: Where would NADPH and ATP collect?

G

Where would NADPH and ATP be found?

G

G

(stroma)

JUMPING IN: One of these things, does not belong with the others:

• Antenna molecule

• Reaction center

• Primary electron acceptor

• Pigment molecule

• Stroma

• ANSWER: stroma

14. Plants

• Are known as: (how many are true?)• consumers• Autotrophs• Producers• Herbivores• Heterotrophs• ANSWER: autotrophs and producers• Animals are heterotrophs

JUMPING IN: What is the enzyme?

That is the most abundant in the world?• Amylase• Rubisco• ATP synthase• Peptidase

• ANSWER: rubisco

15. What is…?

• Carbon Fixation?

• ANSWER: changing of unusable atmospheric CO2 into usable organic compounds (like glucose)

16. What are the colors?

• Carotenoids

• Xanthophylls

• Chlorophyll a

• Chlorophyll b

• Orange

• Yellow

• Green

• Yellow green

17. Scientist Contributions

• Van Helmont

• Priestley

• Ingenhousz

• Water contributed to plant growth

• Plants gave off oxygen

• Light is necessary for photosynthesis

18. Which are the high-energy (filled) forms?

• ATP or ADP

• NADPH or NADP

• ATP (three phosphates)-high

• ADP (two phosphates)-low

• NADPH (has filled electron carrier)

• NADP (empty electron carrier)

ESSAY #1

• How to increase the rate of photosynthesis and why?

• A. closer to sunlight so more photons of light can excite the chlorophyll and e-

• B. add more water to be split for e-, H+, released oxygen

• C. more carbon dioxide to donate carbon molecules to make glucose in LIR

ESSAY #2

• Design an experiment to test the rate of photosynthesis. Label a sketch of the set-up and the procedure.

• HINT: Elodea lab

• EX: plant, water, CO2,light

• Count oxygen bubbles in different distances from the light

ESSAY #3

FYI Why do leaves change color?

• As fall comes there

are shorter days of sunlight

• Less photosynthesismeans less food for plants.

• Chlorophyll breaks down and exposes the other colorsthat were there all along, but were masked by the green chlorophyll.

ESSAY #4

• Acts as an energy shuttle

• Lose a phosphate = adenosine diphosphate ADP

• Gain a phosphate = become adenosine triphosphate ATP

CHARGED

UNCHARGED

HIGH

LOW

Add more (-) ions to be charged

•GAME OVER