Study of Selection of SPM MachineParameters for Cleaning Cutting Blade

Harshal P. Rahate, Mitali B. Gore,Prashant B. Vavhal,

Ashwini C. Deshpande,Assistant Professor,

Department of Mechanical EngineeringSavitribai Phule Pune University

Pune, Indiarahatehp@gmail.com,

mitaligore19@gmail.com,prashantvavhal44@gmail.com,

ashwinideshpande11@yahoo.com

May 24, 2018

Abstract

This work deals with study of component selection for 3Stage SPM for cleaning. Cleaning method was the most im-portant consideration for which cleaning method is selectedaccording to the applications of component. Around totaltime consumed on cleaning components, 30% to 40% of timeis wasted in material handling of component. For cleaningthe main attributes are to be selected are nozzle and ma-terial handling equipment. There are various attributes ofselection of the material handling conveyors which shouldbe selected to get optimum utilization of time.

Key Words:Automation, Nozzle shape, Material Han-dling equipment selection, SPM.

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International Journal of Pure and Applied MathematicsVolume 118 No. 24 2018ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version)url: http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/Special Issue http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/

1 Introduction

In the manufacturing industry, components must be cleaned to en-sure that surface of component must be contamination free for fur-ther production processes. There are certain problems which are as-sociated after the manufacturing of the components i.e., oil, grease,dust and other contaminations are lies on surface of component. Forthis purpose cleaning machine is to be used. The machine is a usedto clean particular component hence it is termed as a SPM(SpecialPurpose Machine). It is specially designed for proper cleaning ofa cutting blade. That component is manufacture by various pro-cesses. It is used to cut the granite like material and is particularlyused as a cutting blade. The cleaning machine should clean thecomponent in following stages:

• To clean the component with hot water + chemical solutionto remove all the contamination on blade.

• Again to clean the component with hot water jet to removethe chemical solution lies on blade.

• Then to dry the component after cleaning with hot air.For above all purposes there are two main parameters should

be taken into consideration, as follows:1. Material Handling Unit (Conveyor)2. Nozzles

Fig.1: Component to be clean

2 Literature survey

N. Feldung Damkjaer [1] et al proposed the experimental work toget information of jet striking on flat plate and its behaviour. Ac-cording to their study the stand-off distance and flow rate are themain parameters for effective cleaning.Alex Chillman [2]et al pro-posed the overview on water-jet surface treatment. According to

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their study we get knowledge of the various regions of jet. Out ofthose regions which region gives. optimum cleaning effect is stud-ied in their research work. Francesco Anglani [3]et al give overviewof horizontal cleaning of solar panels by using water jet to removethe contaminations on the surface of the panel. According to theirresearch, they also define the regions of the jet in which middle re-gion gives optimum cleaning effect.Daniel J. Fonseca [4]et al givesan idea about selection criteria which varies from component tocomponent. They proposed the various attributes for selection ofconveyor system. Rajratna A. Bhalerao [5] et al gives the varioustypes of conveyor and out of them they did structural and modeshape analysis of the roller conveyor. Yavuz A. Bozer [6] et al Wepresent an analytical approach to approximate the expected wait-ing times for loads arriving at the loading stations in discrete-space,fixed-window, closed-loop conveyors. The expected waiting timesare important for estimating the expected work-in-process. Prof.Anup Dakre [7] et al focus on implementation modern PLC tech-nology in coal transportation area where coal level detection is animportant aspect to improve coal handling system in thermal powerplants and coal mining areas. for this real time operation of coalhandling and coal level detection in storage tanks, the modern PLCtechnology uses wide range feedback sensors and perform automaticoperation in respective areas. Ephrem Ryan Alphonsus [8] et algivereview on the application of programmable logic controller (PLC)in our current market is discussed. Investigations on the applicationof PLCs in energy research, engineering studies, industrial controlapplications and monitoring of plants are reviewed in this paper.

3 Conveyor Selection

The component is a cutting wheel which is to clean on both sidehence the most common conveyor which is belt or roller conveyordoes not give proper cleaning. The conveyor should be flexibleenough which gives the maximum cleaning facing area to the clean-ing equipment. For optimum cleaning effect the blade should keptvertical position and travel in horizontal direction so as to get moreexposing area to cleaning equipment. There are two conveyorswhich fulfil the above requirement.

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Screw ConveyorOverhead chain conveyorThe problem with screw conveyor is the drive mechanism for

moving components in between cleaning stage is get complicatedhence the overhead conveyor is suitable.

Overhead Chain Conveyor:The main components of overhead conveyor are as follows:• Chain with roller• Guideway• Component holding fixture• Drive mechanismA. Chain and roller:As the chain with roller always gets in contact with water hence

the material of the chain with roller should be anti-corrosive. Thematerial of the chain element is Al.

In one element chain contain 2 links. Lin 1 with 2 vertical rollersused to stabilize the chain in vertical direction and link 2 with 1horizontal roller is used to guide the chain element in horizontaldirection. The fixture holding link is attached to the link 1 asthe total load of the fixture and the weight of component givesdownward force on the vertical roller. The connector is used toconnect the two elements of chain.

Fig.2 Chain with roller of conveyor

B. GuidewayThe guideline is the hollow line in which the chain element moves

in horizontal direction.C. Component Holding fixture:The fixture is used to hold the component while travel through

cleaning stages. Generally the fixture is made of MS material as italso gets in contact with water and may get corroded.

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Fig.4 Fixture of component

D. Drive mechanism

Fig:5 Overhead Chain Conveyor

The drive mechanism consist of mainly the motor with speedreduction gearbox, chain drive, and dog attachment on chain drive.By using this all component of material handling equipment, thecomponent will travel through the cleaning station by giving max-imum face opening for cleaning nozzle jet.

4 Nozzle Selection

A nozzle is a device used to increase the pressure of flowing fluid byreducing the cross-section area. Normally the nozzle has round holewhich will cover circular area while the jet strikes on flat surface.But as the component to be clean is moving in horizontal directionhence the nozzle tip should concentrate on cleaning vertical area.Hence, a nozzle with vertical cut is shown in Fig 6. The furthertest on nozzle will specify the value of area covered by the nozzlejet by the following experiment.

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Fig.: 6 A nozzle with vertical cut

This type of nozzle is mostly used to cover vertical distance.Now following experiment is to be conducted to get the optimumstandoff distance.

5 Experimental work

Aim is to specify the area cover by jet for particular nozzle and otherparameters like standoff distance by keeping discharge constant.The setup require the nozzle, Guide way for varying the standoffdistance and the glass sheet to observe the area covered by the jetas shown in fig7.

Fig. 7 Experimental Setup

Procedure: The pump is connected to the nozzle by reducingthe piping tubes. The flow is kept constant so as to measure thearea covered by jet in vertical and horizontal direction. The standoffdistance.

Observations:

Fig.7: Area covered by the jet of water

Area of tank: A=0.4572 0.1524 =0.06967m2

Rise Distance : x=0.0025 m

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Time required rising the distance : t=10secDischarge Q =A× V = A× x

t

=0.06967 0.0025/10= 1.74175×10−5m3/sObservation table for experiment:

Table No. 1: Standoff Distance and Effective Distance

Fig.8 Graph of Standoff distance and effective distance

6 Result and Discussion

Conveyor selection is done according to the particular application.The overhead conveyor is to be selected which is suitable for theconveying the cutting blade through cleaning stages.

According to the observation data, the standoff distance foroptimum cleaning is in range of 8 cm to 9.5 cm. as there is smalldeflection start from 8cm line. But the region from 8cm to 9.5 cmcontains more effective cleaning region even if it is deflected fromthe main stream.

7 Conclusion

From the above study we calculated that the optimum distance isranges from 8 cm to 9.5 cm at Qnozzle =1.7417510(̂-5) m3̂/s. And

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the system components can be selected on the basis of Pmax andQmaxof the total nozzles required.

References

[1] N. Feldung Damkjr, J. Adler-Nissen, B.B.B. Jensen, D.I. Wil-son Flow pattern and cleaning performance of a stationaryliquid jet operating at conditions relevant for industrial tankcleaning food and bio products processing 1 0 1 ( 2 0 1 7 )145156

[2] Alex Chillman and M. Ramulu A general overview of waterjetsurface treatment modeling 2009 American WJTA Conferenceand Expo August 18-20, 2009 Houston, Texas.

[3] Francesco Anglani , John Barry, Willem Dekkers Developmentand Validation of a Stationary Water-Spray Cleaning Systemfor Concentrated Solar Thermal (CST) Reflectors Solar Energy155 (2017) 574583

[4] Daniel J. Fonseca*, Gopal Uppal, Timothy J. Greene Aknowledge-based system for conveyor equipment selection Ex-pert Systems with Applications 26 (2004) 615623.

[5] Rajratna A. Bhalerao, Dr. R.J. Patil Structural & Mode ShapeAnalysis of Roller Conveyor Using FEA ISSN (ONLINE):2321-3051.

[6] Yavuz A. Bozer, Ying-Jiun Hsieh Expected waiting times atloading stations in discrete-space closed-loop conveyors Euro-pean Journal of Operational Research 155 (2004) 516532.

[7] Prof. Anup Dakre, Rupesh Bhosale, Omkar Nalawade, AkshayChavan PLC based coal conveyor automation and SCADAVolume 3, Issue 5, January-2016.

[8] Ephrem Ryan Alphonsus, Mohammad Omar Abdullah A re-view on the applications of programmable logic controllers(PLCs) Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 60 (2016)1185 1205.

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