Chapter 10: STUDY GUIDE for Introduction to Cells TESTName _______________________________

Microscope parts and functions

Identify the following:

Letter Name

_______ ________________________1. moves body tube or stage up and down for focusing

_______ ________________________2. supports the microscope slide and viewing object

_______ ________________________3. supports the body tube and is used to carry the microscope

_______ ________________________4. contains the lens you look through

_______ ________________________5. reflects light up through the diaphragm, stage, viewing object, and lenses

_______ ________________________6. supports the microscope

_______ ________________________7. hold the microscope slide in place

_______ ________________________8. controls the amount of light that enters the body tube

_______ ________________________9. passageway for light and maintains the correct distance between the lenses

_______ ________________________10. moves slightly and is used to sharpen the image of the object you are viewing

eyepiece stage diaphragmbody tube arm stage clipsbase mirror/light sourcefine adjustment knobcoarse adjustment knobrevolving nosepiece

_______ ________________________11. holds high- and low-power objectives; rotates to change magnification

cell A

Organelles WORD BANK

cell wall cell membrane lysosomevacuole

nucleus nucleolus ribosomes chloroplastmitochondria golgi apparatus endoplasmic reticulum

cytoplasmanimal plant human fungi

Identify Cell Organelles

12. _________________________ #1: organelle that receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the ER, packages them and distributes them to other parts of the cell or to the outside of the cell

13. _________________________ #2: organelle(s) that store water, food and other materials; sometimes store waste products

14. _________________________ #3: organelle(s) that convert energy stored in food to energy the cell can use to live and function; does cellular respiration - breaking down sugar to make

15. _________________________ #4: organelle(s) that capture energy from sunlight and change it to a form of energy cells can use in making food

16. _________________________ #5: large organelle that produces & stores the cell’s DNA (genetic material)and other important information

17. _________________________ #6: thick, clear gel-like fluid inside the cell that cushions organelles and allows organelles to move around as needed

18. _________________________ #7: a protective barrier that encloses, protects and supports a cell; controls what enters and leaves the cell

19. _________________________ #8: organelle(s) that make protein

20. _________________________ #9: an organelle with a network of membranes that produces many substances: folded membranes that help produce proteins, lipids & other materials – then sends them to where they are needed

cell B

21. ________________________ #10: rigid outer structure that surrounds, protects and supports a cell

22. _______________________ #11: contain substances that break down large food particles into smaller ones also break down old cell parts

23. Cell A is a __________________________ cell

24. Cell B is a _________________________ cell

25. Name 2 organelles that a plant cell has that an animal cell does not have.

_____________________________ _________________________________

Multiple Choice.

____ 26. When using a microscope, what does the term resolution refer to?A. how well structures close together can be seenB. how large an image can beC. how many lenses a microscope usesD. how much light is needed to see an image

____ 27. Unlike the cell wall, the cell membraneA. is found in all cells. C. protects the nucleus with a rigid layer of cellulose.B. is made of chromatin. D. produces energy for the cell.

____ 28. Which of the following statements is NOT part of the cell theory?A. All cells are produced from other cells.B. All living things are composed of cells.

C. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.D. Cells can be produced from nonliving matter.

____ 29. An organ consists ofA. two or more tissues. C. two or more systems.B. A group of cells. D. nerves and muscles.

Organism

Organ systems

____ 30. The diagram above shows the different levels of organization in a multicellular organism. Which level is missing?

A. atoms C. cell organellesB. tissues D. specialized cells

_____ 31. Specialized cells are only found in A. animals. C. bacteria.B. unicellular organisms. D. mulitcellular organisms.

_____ 32. Unlike Hooke, Leeuwenhoek observed cells thatA. had no cell walls. C. were alive.B. came from plants. D. could only be seen with a compound microscope.

_____ 33. Which of the following happens during mitosis,A. plant cells make more chloroplasts.B. DNA is replicated.C. the cell splits into two daughter cells.D. the nucleus splits into two nuclei.

____ 34. Cell division allows organisms toA. grow. C. reproduce.B. repair damaged structures. D. all of the above.

____ 35. Which of the following does NOT happen in interphase?A. The cell grows to its full size. C. Chromosomes form (prepare for

division).B. The DNA is copied. D. The cell plate forms.

____ 36. The basic units of structure and function in living things are known asA. organisms. C. organs.B. tissues. D. cells.

____ 37. During which stage of the cell cycle does the cytoplasm divide and result in two daughter cells?

A. mitosis

Cells

Organs

B. cytokinesisC. interphaseD. none of the above

____ 38. DNA is formed into threadlike structures calledA. ribosomes C. lysosomes.B. chromosomes. D. mitochondria.

____ 39. Your genetic information is stored in yourA. DNAB. RNAC. mitochondriaD. lysosomes

____ 40. What is the correct order of the stages of the cell cycle?A. interphase, mitosis, cytokinesisB. cytokinesis, mitosis, interphaseC. mitosis, interphase, cytokinesisD. mitosis, cytokinesis, interphase

___ 41. Some organisms, such as bacteria, are composed of just a single cell. These types of organisms are calledA. multicellularB. unicellularC. noncellularD. cellular

____ 42. Cells that have a specific job are known asA. generic cellsB. organic cellsC. specialized cellsD. employed cells

____ 43. What is the correct way to carry a microscope?A. one hand on the armB. one hand on the baseC. 2 hands – one on the arm & one under the baseD. it doesn’t matter as long as you don’t drop it

Short Answer.

44. Use the words in the word bank to complete the levels of organization in order of increasing complexity. (1 pt.)

Word BankOrgan Tissue Cell Organ System

Organism

45. This is a ________________________ cell.

44. What organelle(s) does it have that the other does not?

_____________________________________________

____________________________________________

46. This is a ________________________ cell.

46. What organelle(s) does it have that the other does not?

_____________________________________________

____________________________________________