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Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
Narratology Lexicon
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Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
gap filling (Ingarden): “In the reading act, the fictional world represented by the words on the page is rendered within the consciousness of the reader. That world is created as the reader follows the directions for meaning construction provided by the text, but even more importantly as the reader fills in the places the text leaves vacant.”—Robert C. Allen, “Reader-Oriented Criticism”
This process is “gap-filling.”
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
helper (Propp): 1. One of the seven fundamental roles that a character may assume (in a fairy tale), according to Propp; one of six actants in Greimas's early versions of the actinia model. The Helper (analogous to Souriau's moon) helps the hero or subject. 2. ln Greimas's more recent model of narrative, a positive auxiliant that is represented, at the surface structure level, by an actor different form the one representing the Subject. See: Greimas 1970, 1983b; Greimas and Courtes 1992; Henault 1983; Propp 1968. See also DRAMATIS PERSONA, SPHERE OF ACTION.
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
hero (Propp): 1. The protagonist or central character in a narrative. The hero (or heroine) usually represents positive values. 2. One of the seven fundamental roles that a character may assume (in a fairy tale), according to Propp. The hero (analogous to Greimas's subject and Souriau's lion) suffers from the action of the villain or from some kind of lack and/or liquidates his or another character's misfortune or lack. See: Hamon 1972, 1983; Propp 1968. See also ACTANT, ANTIHERO, DRAMATIS PERSONA, SPHERE OF ACTION.
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
hyperdiegesis: ”a vast and detailed narrative space, only a fraction of which is ever directly seen or encountered within the text ” (Matt Hills, Fan Cultures 137) .
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
hyperfiction: 1. A work of fiction written and presented as an electronic hypertext document, especially one that allows variations in plot development.2. The category of literature comprising such works.—American Heritage Dictionary
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
interior monologue: The nonmediated presentation of a character's thoughts and impressions or perceptions; an extended stretch of FREE DlRECT DISCOURSE (Les Lauriers sont coupes, Molly Bloom's monologue in Ulysses). lnterior monologue (monologue interior, stiller Monolog) is now frequently taken to subsume STREAM OF CONSCIOUSNESS as a particular variant. However, it has sometimes been opposed to stream of consciousness: interior monologue would present a character's thoughts rather than impressions or perceptions, and stream of consciousness would present both impressions and thoughts; or else, the former would respect morphology and syntax, whereas the latter would not and would thus capture thought in its nascent stage,. . .
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
interior monologue (continued):prior to any logical organization. On the other hand, the two terms have often been used interchangeably; in fact, Dujardin-whose Les Lauriers sont coupes probably constitutes the most famous example of a text written entirely in FREE DIRECT DISCOURSE-stressed stylistic criteria and effects associated with stream of consciousness in his definition of interior monologue. See: Bickerton 1967; Bowling 1950; Chatman 1978; Cohn 1978, 1981; Dujardin 1931; Francoeur 1976; M. Friedman 1955; Genette 1980; Humphrey 1954; Scholes and Kellogg 1966. See also AUTONOMOUS MONOLOGUE, DRAMATIC MONOLOGUE, TYPES OF DISCOURSE.
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
interpretive community (Fish): ”the idea that a text’s meaning is not an essential part of it, but comes from the shared ideology of the ‘community’ reading it.”—mediadictionary.com
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
intrusive narrator: A NARRATOR commenting in his or her own voice on the situations and events presented, their presentation, or its context; a narrator relying on and characterized by commentarial excursuses or intrusions (Eugenie Grandet, Barchester Towers, Tom Jones). See: Blin 1954; Genette 1980; Prince 1982. See also AUTHOR’S INTRUSION, COMMENTARY, OVERT NARRATOR.
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
Studies in Narratology, Summer
2011
iterative narrative (Genette): A narrative or part thereof with a Frequency whereby what happens n times is recounted once: "Every Sunday, we went to the beach." An iterative narrative (or iterative series) can have a Determination (the span of time in which an event or set of events is said to recur), a Specification (the rhythm of recurrence of the event or set of events), and an Extension (the duration of the recurring event or set of events). ln "During a period of eight weeks, I ran once a week for an hour," the series has a determination of eight weeks, a specification of one day out of seven, and an extension of one hour. See: Genette 1980.
