Upload
damon-king
View
214
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Student VersionStudent Version
o Repetition is an important component, a key Repetition is an important component, a key part of learning. In memory, the more times part of learning. In memory, the more times patterns of thought are repeated, the more patterns of thought are repeated, the more likely you will be able to recall information.likely you will be able to recall information.
o These PowerPoint slides have been modified These PowerPoint slides have been modified from the lecture decks by making them fill-in-from the lecture decks by making them fill-in-the-blank. Why? So that you get an the-blank. Why? So that you get an opportunity to repeat a visual cue (from the opportunity to repeat a visual cue (from the lecture or the book) via completing text here.lecture or the book) via completing text here.
o In addition, most text book exhibits have In addition, most text book exhibits have been removed as they are available in your been removed as they are available in your text directly.text directly.
c. 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Analyzing Analyzing
TransactionsTransactions
Chapter 2Chapter 2Chapter 2Chapter 2
c. 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Learning Learning Objective
Objective Describe the characteristics of
Describe the characteristics of
an account and a chart of
an account and a chart of accountsaccounts
11
Using Accounts to Record TransactionsUsing Accounts to Record Transactions
o Accounting ___________ are designed to Accounting ___________ are designed to show the ___________ and ___________ in show the ___________ and ___________ in each accounting equation ___________ as a each accounting equation ___________ as a separate ___________ . This ___________ is separate ___________ . This ___________ is called an ___________ .called an ___________ .
THE T THE T ACCOUNTACCOUNT
The T account has a
___________
___________
THE T THE T ACCOUNTACCOUNT
The left side of the account is
called the _________ _________ side.
Title
Title
_____
The right side of the account is
called the _________ _________ side.
_____
THE T THE T ACCOUNTACCOUNT
THE T THE T ACCOUNTACCOUNT
Cash(a) 25,000 (b) 20,000(d) 7,500 (e) 3,650
(f) 950(h) 2,000
Balance 5,900
_____
Side of Account
_____
Side of Account
Balance of the account
__________ of _____________________ of ___________
o A group of accounts for a business entity A group of accounts for a business entity is called ais called a _________._________.
o A list of the accounts in the _________is A list of the accounts in the _________is called a __________ of _________.called a __________ of _________.
Chart of AccountsChart of Accounts
o _________ are resources owned by the _________ are resources owned by the business. Some examples of business. Some examples of _________follow:_________follow: __________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
Chart of AccountsChart of Accounts
o _________ are _________ owed to outsiders _________ are _________ owed to outsiders (_________). Some examples of _________ (_________). Some examples of _________ follow:follow: __________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
Chart of AccountsChart of Accounts
o _________ _________ is the _________ right to _________ _________ is the _________ right to the assets of the business after all the assets of the business after all _________ have been _________. For a _________ have been _________. For a _________, the _________ _________ is _________, the _________ _________ is represented by the balance of the represented by the balance of the _________ _________ account._________ _________ account.
o AA _________ account represents the _________ account represents the amount of _________ made by the owner.amount of _________ made by the owner.
Chart of AccountsChart of Accounts
o _________ are increases in owner’s _________ are increases in owner’s _________ as a result of _________ services _________ as a result of _________ services or products to _________. Some examples or products to _________. Some examples of _________ accounts follow:of _________ accounts follow: ________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Chart of AccountsChart of Accounts
o The using up of assets or _________ The using up of assets or _________ services in the process of generating services in the process of generating _________ results in _________ . Some _________ results in _________ . Some examples of _________ follow:examples of _________ follow: ________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
c. 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Learning Learning Objective
ObjectiveDescribe and illustrate
Describe and illustrate
journalizing transactions using
journalizing transactions using
the double-entry accounting
the double-entry accounting systemsystem
22
Double-Entry Accounting SystemDouble-Entry Accounting System
o All businesses use what is called the All businesses use what is called the _________ accounting system. This system _________ accounting system. This system is based on the _________ _________ and is based on the _________ _________ and requires:requires: Every business _________ to be recorded in at Every business _________ to be recorded in at
least _________ accounts.least _________ accounts.
The total _________ recorded for each The total _________ recorded for each transaction to be _________ to the total _________ transaction to be _________ to the total _________ recorded.recorded.
_________ _________ Accounts_________ _________ Accounts
o The _________ and _________ rules for The _________ and _________ rules for _________ _________ accounts are as _________ _________ accounts are as follows:follows:
_________ _________ Accounts_________ _________ Accounts
o The _________ and _________ rules for The _________ and _________ rules for _________ _________ accounts are based on _________ _________ accounts are based on their relationship with _________ _________ .their relationship with _________ _________ .
_________ _________ _________ _________
• The _____ and ______ rules for The _____ and ______ rules for recording owner ________ are based recording owner ________ are based on the effect of owner withdrawals on the effect of owner withdrawals on owner’s ________.on owner’s ________.
______ Balances______ Balances
o The ______ of the _________ in an account The ______ of the _________ in an account is usually equal to or _________ than the is usually equal to or _________ than the sum of the _________ in the account. sum of the _________ in the account. Thus, the _________ balance of __ ______ Thus, the _________ balance of __ ______ is either a ______ or a ______ depending is either a ______ or a ______ depending on whether ______ in the account are on whether ______ in the account are recorded as ______ or ______ .recorded as ______ or ______ .
Rules of Debit and Credit – Normal Balances of Rules of Debit and Credit – Normal Balances of AccountsAccounts
Normal BalancesNormal Balances
Increases (Normal Bal.) Decreases
Balance sheet accounts:Asset_____ _____Liability _____ _____Owner’s Equity:
Capital _____ _____
Drawing _____ _____
Income statement accounts:Revenue _____ _____Expense _____ _____
Transaction ATransaction A
o On November 1, Chris Clark opens a new On November 1, Chris Clark opens a new business and deposits $25,000 in a bank account in business and deposits $25,000 in a bank account in the name of NetSolutions.the name of NetSolutions.
TRANSACTION TRANSACTION AA
Step 1 Step 4 Step 5
Step 3
Assets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity (investment)Assets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity (investment)
Accounting Equation ImpactAccounting Equation Impact
__________________ __________________
Step 2Step 3
(continued)
JournalizingJournalizing
Journalizing requires the following steps:Journalizing requires the following steps:
oStep 1.Step 1. The date of the transaction is The date of the transaction is entered in the Date column.entered in the Date column.
oStep 2.Step 2. The title of the account to be The title of the account to be debited is recorded at the left-hand margin debited is recorded at the left-hand margin under the Description column, and the under the Description column, and the amount to be debited is entered in the Debit amount to be debited is entered in the Debit column.column.
(continued)
JournalizingJournalizing
o Step 3.Step 3. The title of the account to be The title of the account to be credited is listed below and to the right of credited is listed below and to the right of the debited account title, and the amount the debited account title, and the amount to be credited is entered in the Credit to be credited is entered in the Credit column.column.
o Step 4.Step 4. A brief description may be A brief description may be entered below the credited account.entered below the credited account.
JournalizingJournalizing
o Step 5.Step 5. The Post. Ref. (Posting The Post. Ref. (Posting Reference) column is left blank when the Reference) column is left blank when the journal entry is initially recorded. This journal entry is initially recorded. This column is used later when the journal column is used later when the journal entry amounts are transferred to the entry amounts are transferred to the accounts in the ledger.accounts in the ledger.
JournalizingJournalizing
o A transaction is initially entered in a record A transaction is initially entered in a record called a ________.called a ________.
JournalizingJournalizing
o A transaction is initially entered in a record A transaction is initially entered in a record called a journal.called a journal.
o The process of recording a transaction in The process of recording a transaction in the journal is called ____________.the journal is called ____________.
JournalizingJournalizing
o A transaction is initially entered in a record A transaction is initially entered in a record called a journal.called a journal.
o The process of recording a transaction in The process of recording a transaction in the journal is called journalizing.the journal is called journalizing.
o The entry in the journal is called a _______ The entry in the journal is called a _______ _________._________.
Transaction BTransaction B
o On November 5, NetSolutions paid On November 5, NetSolutions paid $20,000 for the purchase of land as a $20,000 for the purchase of land as a future building site.future building site.
TRANSACTION TRANSACTION BB
Accounting Equation ImpactAssets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity
__________________
__________________
Transaction CTransaction C
o On November 10, NetSolutions purchased On November 10, NetSolutions purchased supplies on account for $1,350.supplies on account for $1,350.
TRANSACTION TRANSACTION CC
Accounting Equation ImpactAssets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity
__________________ __________________
Transaction DTransaction D
o On November 18, NetSolutions received On November 18, NetSolutions received cash of $7,500 from customers for cash of $7,500 from customers for services provided.services provided.
Accounting Equation ImpactAssets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity (Revenue)
__________________ __________________
TRANSACTION TRANSACTION DD
Transaction ETransaction E
o On November 30, NetSolutions incurred On November 30, NetSolutions incurred the following expenses: wages, $2,125; the following expenses: wages, $2,125; rent, $800; utilities, $450; and rent, $800; utilities, $450; and miscellaneous, $275.miscellaneous, $275.
Accounting Equation ImpactAssets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity (Expense)
__________________
______________________
______________________
____________________
__________________
TRANSACTION TRANSACTION EE
Transaction FTransaction F
o On November 30, NetSolutions paid On November 30, NetSolutions paid creditors on account, $950.creditors on account, $950.
Accounting Equation ImpactAssets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity
____________________________________
TRANSACTION TRANSACTION FF
Transaction GTransaction G
o NetSolutions purchased $1,350 of supplies NetSolutions purchased $1,350 of supplies on November 10. Chris Clark determined on November 10. Chris Clark determined that the cost of supplies on hand on that the cost of supplies on hand on November 30 was $550.November 30 was $550.
Accounting Equation ImpactAssets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity (Expense)
__________________ __________________
TRANSACTION TRANSACTION GG
Supplies used = $_____ - $____= $___
Transaction HTransaction H
o On November 30, Chris Clark withdrew On November 30, Chris Clark withdrew $2,000 from NetSolutions for personal use.$2,000 from NetSolutions for personal use.
Accounting Equation ImpactAssets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity (Drawing)
__________________ __________________
TRANSACTION TRANSACTION HH
c. 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Learning Learning Objective
ObjectiveDescribe and illustrate the
Describe and illustrate the
journalizing and posting of
journalizing and posting of
transactions to accounts.
transactions to accounts.
33
_________ _________ _________ to _________ _________ _________ to AccountsAccountso The process of _________ the debits and The process of _________ the debits and
credits from the _________ _________ to the credits from the _________ _________ to the _________ is called _________._________ is called _________.
Posting Journal Entries to AccountsPosting Journal Entries to Accounts
o On December 1, NetSolutions paid a On December 1, NetSolutions paid a premium of $2,400 for an insurance policy premium of $2,400 for an insurance policy for liability, theft, and fire. The policy for liability, theft, and fire. The policy covers a one-year period.covers a one-year period.
POSTING POSTING JOURNAL JOURNAL
ENTRIES TO ENTRIES TO ACCOUNTSACCOUNTS
Accounting Equation ImpactAssets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity
__________________
__________________
Exhibit 4 - Steps in PostingExhibit 4 - Steps in Posting
o Step 1.Step 1. The date of the transaction is The date of the transaction is entered in the Date column of Prepaid entered in the Date column of Prepaid Insurance.Insurance.
2,400 2,400
Exhibit 4 - Steps in PostingExhibit 4 - Steps in Posting
o Step 2.Step 2. The amount (2,400) is entered The amount (2,400) is entered in the Debit column of Prepaid Insurance.in the Debit column of Prepaid Insurance.
Exhibit 4 - Steps in PostingExhibit 4 - Steps in Posting
o Step 3.Step 3. The journal page number (2) is The journal page number (2) is entered in the account’s Post. Ref. column.entered in the account’s Post. Ref. column.
2
Exhibit 4 - Steps in PostingExhibit 4 - Steps in Posting
o Step 4.Step 4. The account number (15) is The account number (15) is entered in the journal’s Post. Ref. column.entered in the journal’s Post. Ref. column.
Recording and Posting of a Debit and a CreditRecording and Posting of a Debit and a Credit
These steps These steps are are repeated to repeated to post to the post to the Cash Cash account.account.
December TransactionsDecember Transactions
o On December 1, NetSolutions paid rent for On December 1, NetSolutions paid rent for December, $800. The company from December, $800. The company from which NetSolutions is renting its store which NetSolutions is renting its store space now requires the payment of rent space now requires the payment of rent on the first of each month, rather than at on the first of each month, rather than at the end of the month.the end of the month.
DECEMBER DECEMBER TRANSACTIONSTRANSACTIONS
Accounting Equation ImpactAssets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity (Expense)
__________________ __________________
December TransactionsDecember Transactions
o On December 1, NetSolutions received an On December 1, NetSolutions received an offer from a local retailer to rent the land offer from a local retailer to rent the land purchased on November 5. The retailer plans purchased on November 5. The retailer plans to use the land as a parking lot for its to use the land as a parking lot for its employees and customers. NetSolutions employees and customers. NetSolutions agreed to rent the land to the retailer for agreed to rent the land to the retailer for three months, with the rent payable in three months, with the rent payable in advance. NetSolutions received $360 for advance. NetSolutions received $360 for three months’ rent beginning December 1. three months’ rent beginning December 1.
o The _________ created by receiving the cash in The _________ created by receiving the cash in advance of providing the service is called advance of providing the service is called _________ _________ ._________ _________ .
DECEMBER DECEMBER TRANSACTIONSTRANSACTIONS
Accounting Equation ImpactAssets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity
__________________
December TransactionsDecember Transactions
o On December 4, NetSolutions purchased On December 4, NetSolutions purchased office equipment on account from office equipment on account from Executive Supply Co. for $1,800.Executive Supply Co. for $1,800.
Accounting Equation ImpactAssets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity
_________ _________
DECEMBER DECEMBER TRANSACTIONSTRANSACTIONS
December TransactionsDecember Transactions
o On December 6, NetSolutions paid $180 On December 6, NetSolutions paid $180 for a newspaper advertisement.for a newspaper advertisement.
Accounting Equation ImpactAssets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity (Expense)
_________ _________
DECEMBER DECEMBER TRANSACTIONSTRANSACTIONS
December TransactionsDecember Transactions
o On December 11, NetSolutions paid On December 11, NetSolutions paid creditors $400.creditors $400.
DECEMBER DECEMBER TRANSACTIONSTRANSACTIONS
Accounting Equation ImpactAssets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity
_________ _________
December TransactionsDecember Transactions
o On December 13, NetSolutions paid a On December 13, NetSolutions paid a receptionist and a part-time assistant receptionist and a part-time assistant $950 for two weeks’ wages.$950 for two weeks’ wages.
DECEMBER DECEMBER TRANSACTIONSTRANSACTIONS
Accounting Equation ImpactAssets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity (Expense)
__________________
December TransactionsDecember Transactions
o On December 16, NetSolutions received On December 16, NetSolutions received $3,100 from fees earned for the first half $3,100 from fees earned for the first half of December.of December.
DECEMBER DECEMBER TRANSACTIONSTRANSACTIONS
Accounting Equation Impact
Assets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity (Revenue)
_________ _________
December TransactionsDecember Transactions
o Fees earned on account totaled $1,750 for Fees earned on account totaled $1,750 for the first half of December.the first half of December.
DECEMBER DECEMBER TRANSACTIONSTRANSACTIONS
Accounting Equation Impact
Assets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity (Revenue)
_________ _________
December TransactionsDecember Transactions
o On December 20, NetSolutions paid $900 On December 20, NetSolutions paid $900 to Executive Supply Co. on the $1,800 to Executive Supply Co. on the $1,800 debt owed from the December 4 debt owed from the December 4 transaction.transaction.
DECEMBER DECEMBER TRANSACTIONSTRANSACTIONS
Accounting Equation Impact
Assets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity
__________________
December TransactionsDecember Transactions
o On December 21, NetSolutions received On December 21, NetSolutions received $650 from customers in payment of their $650 from customers in payment of their accounts.accounts.
DECEMBER DECEMBER TRANSACTIONSTRANSACTIONS
Accounting Equation Impact
Assets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity
_________
_________
December TransactionsDecember Transactions
o On December 23, NetSolutions paid On December 23, NetSolutions paid $1,450 for supplies.$1,450 for supplies.
Accounting Equation Impact
Assets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity
_________
_________
DECEMBER DECEMBER TRANSACTIONSTRANSACTIONS
December TransactionsDecember Transactions
o On December 27, NetSolutions paid the On December 27, NetSolutions paid the receptionist and the part-time assistant receptionist and the part-time assistant $1,200 for two weeks’ wages.$1,200 for two weeks’ wages.
Accounting Equation Impact
Assets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity (Expense)
__________________
DECEMBER DECEMBER TRANSACTIONSTRANSACTIONS
December TransactionsDecember Transactions
o On December 31, NetSolutions paid its On December 31, NetSolutions paid its $310 telephone bill for the month.$310 telephone bill for the month.
DECEMBER DECEMBER TRANSACTIONSTRANSACTIONS
Accounting Equation Impact
Assets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity (Expense)
__________________
December TransactionsDecember Transactions
o On December 31, NetSolutions paid its On December 31, NetSolutions paid its $225 electric bill for the month.$225 electric bill for the month.
Accounting Equation Impact
Assets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity (Expense)
__________________
DECEMBER DECEMBER TRANSACTIONSTRANSACTIONS
December TransactionsDecember Transactions
o On December 31, NetSolutions received On December 31, NetSolutions received $2,870 from fees earned for the second $2,870 from fees earned for the second half of December.half of December.
Accounting Equation Impact
Assets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity (Revenue)
_________ _________
DECEMBER DECEMBER TRANSACTIONSTRANSACTIONS
December TransactionsDecember Transactions
o On December 31, fees earned on account On December 31, fees earned on account totaled $1,120 for the second half of totaled $1,120 for the second half of December.December.
DECEMBER DECEMBER TRANSACTIONSTRANSACTIONS
Accounting Equation Impact
Assets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity (Revenue)
_________ _________
December TransactionsDecember Transactions
o On December 31, Chris Clark withdrew On December 31, Chris Clark withdrew $2,000 for personal use.$2,000 for personal use.
Accounting Equation Impact
Assets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity (Drawing)
__________________
DECEMBER DECEMBER TRANSACTIONSTRANSACTIONS
c. 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Learning Learning Objective
ObjectivePrepare an unadjusted trial
Prepare an unadjusted trial
balance and explain how it can
balance and explain how it can
be used to discover errors
be used to discover errors
44
_________ Balance_________ Balance
o The _________ of debits and credits in the The _________ of debits and credits in the _________ should be _________ at the end of _________ should be _________ at the end of _________ accounting period by preparing a _________ accounting period by preparing a _________ _________ ._________ _________ .
UNADJUSTED UNADJUSTED TRIAL BALANCETRIAL BALANCE
Trial Balance Errors - _________ Trial Balance Errors - _________
o A _________ occurs when the order of the A _________ occurs when the order of the digits is _________ by _________ , such as digits is _________ by _________ , such as writing $542 as $452 or $524.writing $542 as $452 or $524.
Trial Balance Errors - _________ Trial Balance Errors - _________
o In a _________ , the entire number is In a _________ , the entire number is moved _________ or _________ spaces to moved _________ or _________ spaces to the right or the left by _________ , such as the right or the left by _________ , such as writing $542.00 as $54.20 or $97.50 as writing $542.00 as $54.20 or $97.50 as $975.00.$975.00.
Errors ______ Affecting the Trial Errors ______ Affecting the Trial BalanceBalance
o If an error has already been _________ and If an error has already been _________ and _________ to the _________ , a _________ _________ to the _________ , a _________ _________ entry is normally prepared._________ entry is normally prepared.
Errors Not Affecting the Trial BalanceErrors Not Affecting the Trial Balance
o Another type of error is a _________ error.Another type of error is a _________ error.
o Assume that on May 5 a $12,500 purchase Assume that on May 5 a $12,500 purchase of office equipment on account was of office equipment on account was incorrectly journalized and posted as a incorrectly journalized and posted as a debit to Supplies and a credit to Accounts debit to Supplies and a credit to Accounts Payable for $12,500.Payable for $12,500.
o The entry to _________ the error is:The entry to _________ the error is:
c. 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Learning Learning Objective
ObjectiveDescribe and illustrate the use of
Describe and illustrate the use of
horizontal analysis in evaluating
horizontal analysis in evaluating
a company’s performance and
a company’s performance and financial condition.
financial condition.
55
_________ Analysis_________ Analysis
o In _________ analysis, the amount of each In _________ analysis, the amount of each item on a _________ financial statement is item on a _________ financial statement is _________ with the _________ item on an _________ with the _________ item on an _________ statement._________ statement.
o When _________ _________ are being When _________ _________ are being compared, the _________ statement is used compared, the _________ statement is used as the base for _________ the amount and as the base for _________ the amount and the _________ of change.the _________ of change.
HORIZONTAL HORIZONTAL ANALYSISANALYSIS
c. 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Analyzing Analyzing
TransactionsTransactions
The EndThe EndThe EndThe End