Student: The New Frontier and the Great Society, 1960s

John F Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson

The Expanding Liberal State: The New Frontier and the Great Society

John F. Kennedy (d)1961-1963

Lyndon B. Johnson (d)1963-1970

Televised Presidential Debates, 1960

JFK as President “The Kennedy

Mystique” 1000 Days Vice Pres=Lyndon

Johnson “Camelot” Wealthy and educated Young and Attractive “The Best and the

Brightest” Decorated War Veteran Pulitzer Prize Profiles in Courage

http://www.history.com/shows/america-the-story-of-us/videos/jfk-a-new-generation#jfk-a-new-generation

Kennedy Faced Major Challenges at Home and Abroad (1961-1963)

1. Bays of Pigs—invasion of Cuba that failed (1961) 2. Cuban Missile Crisis with the Soviet Union (1962) 3.Berlin Wall divides East and West Berlin 4. Problems in Vietnam 5. Racism and push for civil rights at home Ole Miss Riots Freedom Riders March on Washington 6. Poverty in the U.S. , decay of inner cities, unemployment, need to improve education, drug

use 7. Youth movement growing in the U.S. 8. COLD WAR ---nuclear arms race with the Soviet Union continued

John F Kennedy Domestic Policy, 1961-1963

Domestic Program: The New Frontier

1. Increasing government spending, believed in very active government

2. Cut taxes 3. Raised the minimum wage to $1.25 an hour 4. Supported Civil Rights (limited at first) 5. Extended unemployment insurance 6. Provided funds to cities with high unemployment 7. He was elected by a narrow margin and struggled to gain

political power and support from Congress 8. He was assassinated on Nov 22, 1963, by Lee Harvey Oswald

in Dallas

“Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.” –John Kennedy

John F KennedyForeign Policy, 1961-1963

Foreign Policy Issues: Cold War –to stop the spread of Communism -Nuclear arms race with the Soviet Union 1. Bay of Pigs (Cuba) 2. Cuban Missile Crisis (Cuba) 3. Berlin Wall went up 4. Vietnam—early stages 5. Space Program 6. Established the Peace Corps 7. Met with Soviet leader Khrushchev “It is an unfortunate fact that we can secure peace

only by preparing for war. “ JFK

http://www.history.com/videos/history-rocks-castro-must-die

The Assassination of John F. KennedyNovember 22, 1963Dallas TexasShooter: Lee Harvey Oswald Jack Ruby shot Lee Harvey Oswald

Warren Commission Report: study of the assassination concluded Oswald acted alone

http://www.history.com/videos/john-f-kennedy-assassinated

JFK Assassination, 1963

Lyndon Johnson's “Great Society”

The LBJ Treatment

Johnson’s Domestic Program:Great Society-- “War on Poverty”

Set up Medicare and Medicaid Office of Economic Opportunity (OEO) Community Action Programs (CAP) Head Start –education Job Corps –create jobs for the

poor Cities—Urban Renewal, Housing Act of 1961 Funding for Education, funding rose $5

billion to $12 billion ***Immigration Act of 1965---impact felt

today

Accomplishments of Johnson’s “Great Society”

Reduced hunger in America Medical care for elderly and poor Greatest reduction in poverty in American

history from 21% in 1959 to 12% in 1969 Government spending doubled in 10 years Spending on Education Increased Low income housing built for poor Laws to protect the environment passed Laws to protect consumers passed Reformed immigration laws ***Civil Rights Act of 1964

The Warren Court, 1950s and1960s

Supreme Court Justice Earl Warren Decisions increased the rights of individuals in society Brown v Board of Education (1954)—Ruled school

segregation was unconstitutional. Led to the desegregation of schools and all public facilities—parks, transportation

Banned prayer in schools-separation of church and state Protected rights of those accused of crimes Miranda Case-must be informed of rights Mapp Case-could not use evidence seized illegally Gideon v. Wainwright— right to an attorney even if you cannot afford one (free legal representation)