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SEKOLAH TINGGI KOTA KINABALU

UJIAN PERTENGAHAN PENGGAL 2 2008

FORM 4

ENGLISH FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

( ONE HOUR )

NAME :_______________________ CLASS:____________________

A. Text Completion: Rational Cloze

Read the following passages and then choose the best answer from the options given.

Passage 1

The 1_______ of ecology relies on the perfect yet delicate balance of the relationshipbetween the different species and the specific local ecosystem that they live in. an

ecosystem is 2_______ a home to all living organism from the tiniest to the 3_______

cohabiting together in a specific region. These organisms are connected to each other

through the daily activities that are 4_______ to the ecosystem that they live in.In essence, these living organisms 5_________ on each other to survive and the

ecosystem relies on the way the organisms maintain and protect it in order for it to be a

conducive environment.

1 A diversity 4. A specialB variety B exclusiveC complexity C specific

D majority D exceptional

2 A definitely 5. A rely

B basically B relied

C obviously C relies

3. A greatest

B biggest

C largestD strongest

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Passage 2

The rainforests are mans most prized treasure. 1_____, this discovery was only maderather recently and with it came actions to conserve and 2_______ this precious resource

which had everything that man needed to survive.

From rich natural resources and commodities such as timber and minerals to exoticspecies of flora and fauna, the rainforests 3________ a host of wealth to the world.

The rainforests are home to the indigenous tribes who know how to survive in these

forests. The plants of specific species are used for medicine while some are 4________for food. These indigenous tribes have lived in the forests for generations and have

survived without the aid of any modern technology. Thus, preserving the forests is not

only 5_______ for the people who rely on its resources but also for the people who live

in it.

1. A Lately B Unfortunately C Consequently D Similarly

2. A preserve B persevere C save D keep

3. A give B contribute C offer

4. A planted B grown C kept D cultivated

5. A vital B good C serious

Passage 3

Since the early days, people have been using the power of wind to pump water,

grind grains and even sail huge ships across the oceans. Today, wind energy is also used

to 1_______ electricity. To harness this energy, generators driven by wind turbines, orwindmills, are used.

Todays wind turbines are highly efficient and more sophisticated power systems that

capture the 2_______ from the wind using new blade designs or aerofoils. There are also

design in such a way that they can automatically turn if the wind direction changes. Windenergy is converted into electricity using modern mechanical drive systems, together with

advanced generators. A small wind generator can produce enough electricity for a single

house while a huge generator, whose blades turn a circle of 50 metres in diameter, canproduce one megawatt of electricity. In order to supply enough electricity for a town,

hundreds or even thousands of wind 3_______ are used together in groups known as

wind farms.Since 1990, wind energy has become one of the fastest growing 4_______ of

renewable energy in the world. It is increasing at an average rate of over 25 per cent per

year. Power schemes like these have no fuel costs, and give off no polluting gases.

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However, they can be expensive to build and they need large, 5________, windy areas of

land. The wind turbines spoil the landscape and are noisy. The speed of winds is also

variable.

1. A drive C contain 4. A causes C sources

B convert D generate B powers D suppliers

2. A gases C velocity 5. A remote C populated

B energy D electricity B modern D mountainous

3. A blades C aerofoils

B turbines D generators

Passage 4

Fossil fuels are the main source of energy at present. However, their use has been

1______ to emit and increase the percentage of greenhouse gases in the Earthsatmosphere. This is the cause of 2______. Thus, another alternative source of natural

energy needs to be utilized. Geothermal energy is one such 3______.

Geothermal energy is generated by the intense heat that is continuously flowing

outward from deep within the Earth. The origin of this heat is 4______ from the Earthscore. The decay of radioactive elements found in the rocks which form the Earths crust

also contribute to the generation of the heat. As the heat moves upwards towards any

opening on the surface of the Earth, its intense 5______ can be used as a source ofenergy.

1. A assessed B found C calculated D indicated

2. A global warming B global meltdown C global melting

3. A remedy B preference C alternative D choice

4. A essentially B primarily C mostly D exclusively

5. A concentration B combination C extension

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B. Questions based on stimulusFor each of the questions in this section, read the information carefully and then answer

the questions. Circle the best answer from the optionsA, B, C orD.

Question 1

The homosphere includes the troposphere (up to 9 16 km), stratosphere (up to about50 km) and mesosphere (up to about 100 km). the ozone layer is about 15 40 km

above the surface of the Earth and protects us from the harmful ultraviolet rays of the

sun.

1. At which atmospheric level do we find the ozone layer?

A. In the troposphere

B. In the stratosphereC. In the mesosphere

Question 2The sky is blue because millions of air molecules in the atmosphere scatter more bluelight (which has a short wavelength) from the sunlight towards our eyes than any other

colour. This is calledRayleigh scattering.

2. What is the technical word forscatter?

A. Reflect B. Deflect C. Shine

Question 3Global warming is a result of heavy gases concentrating in the air and car fumes are

also part of this situation. Global warming sees a rise in temperature and this results in

a greater amount of evaporation causing very heavy rains. As a result, sea levels can

rise causing terrible destruction along coastlines.

3. The following are reasons for the rise in sea level EXCEPT

A. global warming C. rise in temperature

B. heavy rains D. destruction along coastlines

Questions 4 5

Trees can be raised on managed timberlands, sometimes called tree farms. For

example, there is a piece of land made up of four different areas. The trees in each

area are five years older than the trees in the area next to it. The trees in plot D are 15

years old, the trees in plot C are 10 years old, the trees in plot B are 5 years old, and the

trees in plot A have just been planted. After the trees have matured, they are cut down.

Then new trees are planted in their place. This is called a sustainable rate of harvest.

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4. We can say that tree farms are

A maintained by human beings

B managed on natural timberlandsC forests which have only one area

D areas whose trees are the same age

5. The phrase sustainable rate of harvest as it is used in the text, refers to the

A. temporary of cutting trees

B. consistency of cutting treesC. continuing felling of trees

Question 6

Agroecosystems are the living communities of soil, plants, and animals that constitute

our farms, croplands, orchards, pastures, and rangelands. More than 90% of all the

crops and livestock we consume as well as livestock feed is produced by

agroecosystems. They also contribute fiber crops such as cotton, flax, hemp, and jute,

which we use for clothing and textile manufacturing.

6. Agroecosystems includeA. infrastructures in the farm areas

B. the food consumed by us

C. animals living in the wild

D. plants growing in the forest

Questions 7 8Plastics are made from synthetic resins, which come primarily from petroleum. Resin

manufacturers make polymers in plastic by combining chemical compounds, including

ammonia and benzene. The polymers are made up of small molecules call monomers,

which can be composed of chlorine, fluorine, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, or

sulfur atoms.

7. Resins are

A. the only component of plastics

B. extracted from petroleum

C. used in producing ammonia

8. According to the text, which statement about polymers is true?

A. Ammonia and benzene are not one of the components in polymersB. Polymers are primarily from raw petroleum

C. Monomers are the smallest unit of polymers

D. Different atoms make up synthetic resins

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Questions 9 10

Noise is difficult to define. One measure of pollution is the danger it poses to

health. Noise causes stress, and stress is a leading cause of illness and suicide.

Therefore any form of noise can be considered pollution if it causes annoyance,

sleeplessness, fright, or any other stress reaction. The actual loudness of a sound isonly one component of the effect it has on human beings. Other factors that have to be

considered are the time and place, the duration, the source of the sound, and whether

the listener has any control over it.

9. Noise can be considered as pollution when it

A. creates discomfort among listeners

B. soothes the emotion of listenersC. is only heard by all listeners

10. Which of the following statements best describe noise pollution?

A. Noise pollution happens only when majority listeners find the noise unbearable.B. The loudness is not the only guideline to decide is a noise is pollution or not.

C. Noise pollution is not difficult to define as everyone has the same yardstick.

END OF QUESTION PAPER Good Luck Folks..

Prepared by, Checked by,

(Victoria Catherine Kongi) ( Suchitra S.)

Vck/EST/f4-01

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STTSS S2 08 EST f4EST2008ujian