STS-51I National Space Transportation System Mission Report

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JSC-20785

STS51-1

National SpaceTransportation SystemMission Report

October 1985


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INTRODUCTION AND MISSION OBJECTIVES

The STS 51-1 Na t ional STS (Space Transpo r t a t i on Sys t em) Miss ion Repor t con ta in sa summary of the ma jo r ac t i v i t i e s and accompl i shmen ts o f the twen t i e th SpaceShu t t l e mi s s ion and the s ix th f l i gh t o f the OV-I03 veh ic l e , Di scove ry .

The p r imary ob jec t i ves o f the STS 51-1 f l igh t were to succes s fu l l y dep loy theSYNCOM IV-4 /Un ique , AUSSAT- l /PAM-D (Pay load Assi s t Modu le -De l t a C la s s ) and ASC- l(Amer i can Sa te l l i t e Company) /PAM-D sate l l i t es , and pe r fo rm the p lanned SYNCOMIV-3 repa i r ac t i v i t i e s . The sequence o f even t s fo r th i s mi s s ion i s shown inTab le I . The Orb i t e r p rob l em t racking l i s t i s p re sen t ed in Tab le I I .

The c rew fo r th i s twen t ie th mis s ion o f the Space Shu t t l e was Joe H. Eng le , Co l . ,U .S . A i r Force , Commande r ; R icha rd O. Covey , L t . Co l . , U .S . A ir Fo rce , P i lo t ;J ames D. A. van Hof t en , Ph .D. , John M. Lounge, and Wil l i am F . F i she r , M. D. ,M is si on S pe ci al is ts .

M IS SI ON S UM MA RY

The launch of the STS 51-1 mis s ion was in i t i a l ly schedu led fo r Augus t 24 , 1985.

Howeve r , t he launch was sc rubbed because thunder s to rms had formed and moved intothe KSC (Kennedy Space Cen ter ) l aunch a rea . These s to rms subsequen t ly r e su l t edin ove r 1 inch o f r a in a t t he l aunch pad and severa l l i ghtn ing s t r i ke s nea r thepad . The l aunch was reschedu led fo r Augus t 25 , 1985 .

Dur ing the second launch at t emp t , a t 237 :11 :06 G.m. t . (Augus t 25 , 1985) , a GPC(gene ra l pu rpose compu te r ) 5 b i te f au l t occur r ed . GPC 5 con ta ined the BFS(backup f l i gh t sys t em) so f tware . The BFS was re in i t i a l iz ed a f t e r the fau l t ;howeve r , 11 minute s l a t er , t he b i te f au l t r ecu r r ed . As a resu l t , t he l aunchwas aga in sc rubbed and re schedu led fo r Augus t 27 , 1985, to a l l ow t ime to removeand rep l aced GPC 5 .

The STS 51-1 f l i gh t was l aunched on Augus t 27 , 1985 , a t 239 :10 :58 :01 G.m. t .( 5 :58 :01 a .m. , c . d . t . ) f rom launch complex 39A a t KSC. The launch phase was


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A f t e r co mp le t i ng th e f in a l e n t ry p r ep a r a t i on s ea r l y on t he e i gh th d ay , th e24 9- s ec on d de o r b i t ma ne uv e r wa s p e r fo rm ed . E n t r y w as no rm a l i n a l l r e sp ec t s .

A l l o f th e p l a nn ed P TI ' s (p ro g r am me d t e s t i np u t s ) w er e ac co mp l i sh ed , an d th i sco mp le t e d th e ac com pl i s hm en t o f t h i s D TO (d e t a i l e d t e s t o b j ec t i v e ) f o r th eSh u t t l e P ro g r am . A I SS -d eg re e HA C ( he ad in g a l ig nm en t c i r c l e ) ma ne uv e r w as .pe r f o r me d a nd th e Or b i t e r l a nd ed a t 2 46 :1 3 : 15 :4 3 G .m . t . , on r un wa y 23 a t E dw ar dsAF B, CA . Ro l l ou t r eq u i r e d 6 10 0 fe e t an d w as c om pl e t ed 47 se con ds a f t e r l an d i ng .Th e po s t l a nd in g in sp ec t i on o f th e O rb i t e r s ho we d th e T PS ( t he rm a l p ro t e c t i o nsy s t e m) an d br ak es t o b e in g oo d sh ap e .

A l l Or b i t e r DT O' s a s s ig ne d t o ST S 5 1- 1 we re acc om pl i s he d e i th e r co mp le t e ly o r t o

a ve ry h igh de g r ee , w i th t he ex ce p t io n o f D TO 0 32 5 . Th i s DT O ( wa s t e an d su pp lyw a te r d um ps ) w as ca nc e l l e d b ec au se o f t he f a i l u r e o f t he R MS pr im ar y mo de o fope ra t i on .


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TABLE I . - STS 51-1 SEQUENCE OF EVENTS

Even t

APU ac t iva t i on (1 )(2)(3)

SRB HPU ac t iva t i on commandMPS s ta r t command sequence (eng ine 3 )SRB igni t i on command f rom GPC ( l i f t - o f f )MPS th ro t t le down to 70-pe rcen t th rus t (eng ine 3 )

MPS th rot t l e down to 67-pe rcent th rus t ( eng ine 3 )Maximum dynamic p re s sureMPS th rot t l e up to 104-pe rcen t th rus t ( eng ine 3 )SRB sepa ra t i on commandMPS th rot t l e down fo r 3g acce l e r a t i on (eng ine 3 )Main eng ine cuto f f (MECO)Ex te rnal tank sepa ra t i onO MS -1 i gn it io nAPU Deac t iva t i on (3 )

O MS -2 i gn it io nOMS-2 cu to f fAUSSAT dep loyASC-1 dep loySYNCOM IV dep loyFCS ( f l i gh t con t ro l sys t em) checkout - APU 1 ac t iva t ionAPU 1 deac t iva t i onAPU 2 ac t iva t i onDeorb i t maneuve r ign i t i on

Deorb i t maneuve r cu to f fAPU 1 ac t iva t ionAPU 3 ac t iva t i onEn try in te r f ace (400,000 f t )E d b l k

Ac tua l t ime , G .m. t .

239 :10 :53 :10239 :10 :53 :11239 :10 :53 :12239 :10 :57 :33 .5239 :10 :57 :54 .4239 :10 :58 :01239 :10 :58 :26 .3

239 :10 :58 :31 .9239 :10 :58 :50239 :10 :58 :55 .6239 :11 :00 :02239 :11 :05 :30 .6239 :11 :06 :29239 :11 :06 :47( No t p er fo rm ed )239 :11 :10 :57

239 :11 :38 :22239 :11 :41 :25239 :17 :33 :15239 :22 :07 :34241 :10 :48 :55245 :09 :35 :15245 :09 :41 :34246 :12 :06 :03246 :12 :11 :01

246 :12 :15 :10246 :12 :32 :22246 :12 :32 :22246 :12 :45 :20246 13 01 42


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V EH IC LE A SS ES SM EN T

SOLID ROCKET BOOSTERS

Al l SRB (so l id rocke t boos t e r ) sys t ems pe rfo rmed as expec ted . The SRB pre1~unchcountdown was nomina l wi th no prob lems no ted . SRB ign i t i on occur red a t 5:58:01a .m. , c .d . t . on Augus t 27 , 1985. Perfo rmance of bo th SRM's was close to p re -d i c t ed va lues and we l l wi th in the a l lowed enve lopes . P rope l l an t bu rn ra te s werenea r p red ic t ed va lues . P re l imina ry da ta ind ica te tha t the SRB separa t ionsoccu r red approx ima te ly 2 seconds ea r l i e r than pred ic t ed . The SRB recove rysys t em appea red to pe r form nomina l ly , and bo th SRB's were v isua l ly loca t ed bythe recove ry sh ip pe r sonne l .

EXTERNAL TANK

All ET (ex te rna l tank ) sys tems and ins t rumen ta t ion pe r fo rmed as expec ted . NoLCC (Launch Commi t Cri t e r i a) v io l a t ions were expe r i enced and no sign i f ican ti ce / f ro s t accumulat ion was observed . P r io r to prope l lan t load ing , nose -conet em pe ra tu re s en so rs 1 and 2 fa i l ed . The nose -cone purge tempera tu re wascont ro l l ed us ing the p rep1anned ground hea te r ou t le t t empera ture . The re were no

ET f l ight anomal i e s .

SPACE SHUTTLE MAIN ENGINES

Al l SSME (Space Shu t t l e ma in eng ine ) pa rame te rs appeared to be norma l du r ing thep re l aunch coun tdown and compared we l l wi th p re l aunch pa ramete r s obse rved onprev ious f l i gh ts . P re l imina ry da ta ind ica t ed tha t SSME per fo rmance a t s t a r t ,ma ins t age , shu tdown , and propel l an t dump was ve ry good . The h igh pres su re fue ltu rbo p ump and h igh pres su re oxid i ze r tu rbo p ump tempera tu re s were ve ry close to

p red ic t ions .

MAIN PROPULSION SYSTEM

Overa l l pe r fo rmance of the MPS (main propu l s ion sys t em) was exce l l en t Liqu id


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ORBITER

Ba cku p F l i gh t Sys t em Co mpu te r Fa i lu r e

D ur in g t he s eco nd la unc h a t t emp t , a t 237 : 11 : 06 G. m. t . , a GPC (ge ne r a l pu rpo secom put e r ) 5 b i t e f a u l t occ u r r ed . T he B FS was re i n i t i a l i ze d a t 2 37 :1 1 :3 1 G. m. t .and 11 m inu t e s l a t e r , t he fa u l t r ep ea t ed . A s a res u l t , t h e l a unc h wa s de l aye df o r t wo day s fo r r ep la cem en t o f th e co mpu te r an d p e r f o rm anc e of req u i r edi nsp ec t ions o f th e MPS low pre s su re fu e l duc t s .

RM S Elb ow Jo i n t Fa i lu r e in Pr ima ry Mo de

At 23 9 :1 4 :12 :05 G .m. t . , t he RMS elb ow j o in t f a i l ed to re sp ond to co mput e rcomm and s in the p r i mar y m ode . Al l com pu t e r - s upp or t ed m odes wer e in ope ra t i ve a swas d i r ec t d r i ve . Th e b acku p mo de re ma i ned op e ra t io na l a nd t he a r m was u sed fo rt he r ema ind e r o f the mis s io n in th i s mod e . As a r esu l t , a dec i s io n w as mad e tono t pe r fo r m DTO 0 325 (Wa s te an d Su pp l y W ate r D ump s) whic h req u i r e d the a rm TVcame ras to mon i to r th e dum ps . Al s o , mon i to r in g o f t he dep loy ed sa t e l l i t e PKMburn s w as n o t pe r fo rm ed .

W ate r D ump Noz z le Tem per a tu re Dro pped Ra p id ly Dur ing Du mp

Dur i ng a su pp l y wa te r d ump on f l i gh t d ay 2 , th e sup p ly w a te r nozz le exh ib i t eda sha r p t e mpe ra t u re d r op a f t e r ab ou t 4 m inu te s o f du mpi ng a nd the du mp wa ss t opp ed . Ho wev er , t h e nozz le t emp era tu re co n t in ued t o d ro p to 70 deg ree s Fwhe re i t s t ab i l i z ed fo r a sh or t p e r i od of t i me , t hen dro ppe d to 58 degr ees Fwhe re i t s t a b i l i ze d fo r 9 0 s eco nds wi t h t he hea te r on . T hes e two f l a t s po t s inth e noz z le t e mper a tu re p ro f i l e a re ind ica t ive o f me l t in g ic e o n t he noz z le ;ho wev er , tw o tem per a tu r e cy c le p ro f i l e s r ang ing to 250 deg ree s F in d ic a t ed tha t

no ice was in co n ta c t wi th th e n ozz le .

A s econ d sup p ly wa te r d ump wa s t e rmi na t ed a f t e r 45 s eco nds b eca use o f a sh a rpd rop i n noz z le t emp era tu r e . The s ha rp t e mpe ra t u re d rop i s in d ica t iv e o f i c ef o rm ing in c lo se p ro x im i ty t o the n ozz le A th i rd su pp l y wa te r d ump w as a l s o


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WA ST E A ND SU PP L Y W A TE R DU MP S( DT O 03 25 )

T h i s D T O w as ca nc e l l e d be c au s e o f t he fa i l u r e o f th e p r i ma r y op e ra t i o na l m od e oft h e RM S , wh i ch w as re qu i r e d t o v i e w t he du mp s . T he t e s t s w i l l be mo ve d t o . S TS61 -A w h er e p r a c t i ca l .

W CS AI RF LOW ME ASU REM EN T( DT O 03 2 7)

T wo da ta t a ke s w e re a cc o mp l i s he d .

R AD IATO R P ER FO RM AN CE( DTO 06 24 )

Da ta we re ob ta i ne d in -ZLV +X v e lo c i t y ve c t o r ( h ea d d ow n , n os e f o r wa r d ) d u r i ngth e f i r s t tw o s l ee p pe r i o ds . T h e ra d i a to r s we r e s to we d du r i n g t h e f i r s t p e r io da n d de p l o ye d du r i n g th e se c on d .

T AC AN ON -O RBI T N AVI GATIO N

( DT O 07 80)

T h i s D T O r e qu i r e d th a t t h e O r b i t e r a c qu i r e TA C AN st a t i on s an d do w nl i s t t he da t ato th e MC C ( M is s io n C o n t r o l C en t e r ) t o de m on s t r a t e t ha t t he MC C c ou l d g en e ra t e as t a t e ve c to r . Th e DT O w as co ns i de r ed h i g h l y su c ce s s f u l . T h i s w as t he l a s t D T Oin t h i s se r i e s .

"D A TA O NL Y " D TO 'S

T h e fo l lo w in g D T O' s r eq u i r ed n o sp e c i a l t e s t o r c r ew a c t i v i t y o t he r t ha nop e ra t i o n o f th e 01 ( op e ra t i o na l i n s t ru m en t a t i o n ) a n d MA D S ( m od u la r a ux i l i a r yd a t a sy s t e m) i ns t ru me n ta t i o n a n d r ec o rd e r s . P os t f l i g h t d a t a a r e no t y e tav a i l a b l e , bu t no i n s t ru m en t a t i o n o r r e co r de r p r ob l e m s a r e kn ow n w h ic h a f f e c tt h es e D TO 's


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t he su nsh i e ld op en , the AUS SAT dep loym en t wa s re sched u led f r om f l ig h t da y 2 ,o r b i t 1 7D, to f l i g h t d ay 1 , o rb i t 5D . Al so , the ASC- l /PA M-D dep loym en t wasd e lay ed o ne o rb i t f rom 7D to 8D.

T he A USSA T/PA M-D was de p loy ed as re p lan ned a t ap prox ima t e ly 6 :35 MET. I t wasno te d dur i ng pr e -de p loy men t o pe ra t ion s th a t the re w as s i ng le mo to r o pe ra t ionsfo r b o th t he p or t a nd s t a rb oa rd re s t r a i n t s and t he sp i n moto r s . Th e AUSS ATsu nsh i e ld wa s no t c los ed a f t e r dep loym en t . To m ee t the PAM c rad le av i on ic sthe rma l c ons t r a in t s wi t h the s unsh ie ld open , t he hea t e r d u ty cyc l e was i nc re asedan d m ul t i p l e t emp era t u re chec ks were t ake n . Bec ause o f the RM S e lbow jo in tf a i l u re , t he R MS ca mera w as no t use d to mon i to r t he P AM bu rn .

The AUSS AT AKM ( apog ee k i ck m oto r ) f i r i ng o ccur red a t 242 : 05 :5 2 :18 G.m. t . onFr i day , A ugus t 30 , 198 5 ; an d a t th i s t im e , th e s pace c ra f t i s o n - s t a t i o n ing eosy nchr onou s o rb i t and ope r a t io ns a r e nomi na l .

ASC- l (AME RICA N SATE LLIT E COM PANY )

The ASC - l /P AM-D sa t e l l i t e was suc ces s fu l l y de p loy ed a t the bac kup oppo r tun i tyo f f l i gh t d ay 1 , o r b i t 8D, a t 1 1 :09 :33 M ET.

The ASC w as dep l oyed in a 195- b y 190- nmi . o rb i t t ha t wa s th e re s u l t o f theAUS SAT se pa ra t ion mane uve r . Th e ASC d ep lo ymen t a t t i t ude an d ra t e s w ere nomi -n a l . T he P KM bu rn o ccur red as p lan ned 45 mi nu te s a f t e r de p loy men t . V id eo m oni -to r ing of th i s bu rn wa s a l so n o t acc ompl i she d . The AKM bur n o ccur red a t243 :17 : 29 G .m. t . on Sa tu rd ay , Aug us t 31 .

A t the t im e of t h i s r ep o r t , sp acec ra f t bu s t e s t s ha ve bee n pe r fo rm ed a nd t hespa cec r a f t ha s been ve r i f i ed t o be op e ra t ing no mina l ly . T he s o la r a r r ays h avebeen d ep lo yed and d ua l sp in tu rn ac comp l i sh ed , p l a c ing t he spa cec r a f t i nappr ox im a te l y the p rope r o rb i t a l a t t i t ud e . At th i s w r i t i ng , the s pace c ra f t i sa t ap p rox ima t e ly 12 1 degr ees , d r i f t i ng a t appr ox im a te l y 0 .8 6 deg ree / day (o rb i t a lp os i t i on i s a t 128 de gree s ) . A sp acec ra f t com muni ca t i on sys t em tes t wi l l beacco mpl i shed a f t e r the spac ec ra f t a r r iv es o n s t a t io n Th e sa t e l l i t e i s exp ec te d


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LEASAT-F3 SALVAGE MISSION

The LEASAT sa lvage miss ion ope ra t ions were in i t i a t ed on f l igh t day 2 wi th theuns towing and checkou t of the SBU (Spun Bypass Uni t ) , cha rging of EMU ba t t er i e s ,i n s t a l la t i on of the ba t t er i e s in the RPU (remote power un i t ) , and checkou t p fthe RPU's .

As a re su l t of the RMS elbow jo int p roblem and the necess i ty to opera t e the RMSin backup mode , the sa lvage ope ra t ions were replanned fo r two EVA's . The f i r s tEVA was conducted on f l igh t day 5 and the second was conduc ted on f l igh t day 6 .

The EVA-1 sa lvage ope ra t ions were succes s ful ly accompl i shed . Th i s inc luded thesaf ing opera t ions o f sepa ra t ion lever s towage , in s t a l la t i on of two umbi l ica lsho r t ing p lugs , and ins t a l la t i on of the two sa fe-and-a rm sa f ing p ins . EVA-1i nc lu de d t he f ol lo wi ng :

Remova l and s towage of the thet a = 135 degrees and the t ac loseou t p l a t e s and connec to r f l i gh t caps ;

90 degrees

ma t ing SBU harness connecto r s , and SBU checkou t a t the t a = 90 de gr ees ;

ma t ing SBU connec to r and SBU pla t e and f l igh t caps ;

ma t ing RPU harness connec t ions to spacec ra f t and the RPU;

enab l ing RDU (remote decoder un i t ) r e lays and f i r ing the omni -an tennasqu ibs which re leased and dep loyed the omni -an tenna .

Sa lvage ope ra t ions were conc luded fo r the day wi th the despun caps and c loseout

p la te i ns ta ll at io ns .

The EVA-2 sa lvage ope ra t ions were a lso succes s ful ly accompl i shed . Theseope ra t ions inc luded remova l o f the PKM nozz le cove r and ins t a l l a t i on of the newPKM nozz le cove r and assoc ia t ed tempera ture senso r remova l o f the two


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o p e r a t i ng m o de ( th e p r i m ar y o p e r a t i ng m od e p e r mi t s a l l o f t he r ea c to r c e l le n g i n ee r i n g d a t a to be r ec o r d ed i n th e P VT O S c o mp u te r m em o ry s ys t e m ) . A f t e rce l l s 2 a nd 6 h ad op e ra t e d i n t he p r im a ry m od e fo r 2 1 /2 m in u te s , i t au t om a t i -c a l l y s w i t c he d m od e s t o t he s ec on d a r y m od e o f o pe ra t i o n ( ba s i c a l l y t he s am e asp r i ma ry , bu t d o es n o t c o l l ec t e n g i ne e r i n g d a t a ) a n d c o mp l e t ed th e p ro ce s s i n g o ft he t w o c e l l s .

P r e v i ou s ly , t he r ea c t o r c e l l s 1 a nd 5 h a d be e n p ro c es s ed a lm o s t t o c om pl e t i o n( 4 h ou r s a n d 3 1 m i nu te s o u t o f p os s ib l e 5 h o ur s ma x im um p r oc e s s in g t im e) in t hep r im a ry mo d e b e fo re a u to ma t i c a l l y sw i t c h i n g t o t he s ec on d a r y o pe r a t i ng m o de .

I n f l i gh t d i ag n os t i c s w e re pe r fo rm e d o n f l i g h t d ay 3 a n d i t w a s c on c lu d ed th a ta S in g l e s a mp l e , c e l l 9 , sh o u l d b e ru n i n t he p r i m ar y m od e . T h i s w as s uc c es s -f u l l y a c co m pl i s h ed a n d i t w a s s ub se q ue n t l y d ec i de d t ha t a l l r em a in i ng r ea c t o rce l l s sh o u l d b e p ro ce s se d s i m i l a r l y .

P os t f l i g h t , a f t e r t h e P VT O S wa s t u rn e d o ve r t o t he 3 M t ea m a nd re t u r ne d t o i t sh om e f ac i l i t y , t r o ub l e s h oo t i n g t he i na b i l i t y o f th e P VT O S t o p r oc e s s i n t he d ua lce l l o pe ra t i n g m od e wa s i n i t i a t e d . T o d a t e , n o s p ec i f i c e q u i p me n t o r so f tw a r ep ro b l e m h as b ee n i de n t i f i e d w h i ch w ou l d p r e ve n t t wo c e l l s f r om o pe ra t i n g i n t hep r ima ry o pe ra t ing m od e.


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T A B L E 1 1 . - J S C O V - 1 0 3 S T S 5 1 - 1 P R O B L E M T R A C K I N G L I S T

.++t++.++.++.-. ++4++~+++++.+~+.+++-~"+++++++++~~+_A++++~+~~+A++++~+~++++~++_++4++~.++~+_+~++_+++~+++.+~~~ .4~++++.++.

J S C S T S 5 1 . 1 P R O B L E M T R A C K I N G L I S T F O R O V ~1 0 3 D I S C O V E R Y F L I G H T 6 S E P T . 3 0 , 1 9 8 5++++.+~++~++~+++.++T4~++4+.++++ ++++++++++++++++++~~ .++~+++t+~+4+..++.++++++~++++++.++++++~+~+.t++++++.++++++-+.+~ .... +I N O . I T I T L E I T I M E , G . H . T . I C O M M E N T S R E S P . M G R .

+~_+++_++,,_~A.++.+~++++~++"-'+++++_++*"+~++++~+++++6+++++-+~+++-+_.T++.+- ++-+++.+-+--+-+4++-++_++-+++-.-Y."++-+++T+ ++.++

III

II

III

II

II

II

IIIIIIIII

B FS C OM PU TE R F AI LU RE .

2 T A N K " A " W A T E R F L O W R A T E T O G A L L E YL O W.

3 H YD RA UL IC S YS TE M 3 A CC UH UL AT ORB OO ST RA P P RE SS UR E L OW .

4 I N S T R U M E N TAT I O N :

A S S M E 2 G H 2 O U TL E T P RE S S UR E( V 41 P 1 26 0 A ) FA I LE D .

B S S ME 2 L H 2 R E C IR C UL A T IO N P U MP R P MM E A S U R E ; I E N T( V 4 1 R 1 2 1 5A ) FA I L E D .

C F U E L C E L L 1 H Y D R O G E N F L O W M E T E R( V 4 5R 0 1 70 ) E R R AT I C .

II 2 37 : 1 1 :0 6I 2 3 7 :1 1 : 42 : 2 0I 0 8 /2 5 /8 5I P RE .. ..L A U N C HI

II P R H LA U N CHIIIIIII

I 2 37 :0 8I P R E -L A U NC HI

III

III 2 3 9 :1 0 : 58 : 0 1IIII 0 8/ 2 5/ 8 5I P R E "' L AU N C HI

II 2 4 3 : 0 0 : 5 7II

II

II

I

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STS-51I National Space Transportation System Mission Report