STRUCTWEL CHETAN RAIKAR€¦ · STRUCTWEL CHETAN RAIKAR What is Structural Audit ? Structural Audit is an overall health and performance checkup of a building by an experienced and

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STRUCTWEL

CHETAN RAIKAR

What is Structural Audit ?

Structural Audit is an overall health and performance checkup of a building by an experienced and licensed

structural consultant to ensure that the building and its premises are safe and have no risk. It analyses and

suggests appropriate repairs and retrofitting measures required for the buildings to perform better in its service

life.

Objectives of Structural Audit

• To save human life and buildings

• To understand the condition of building

• To find critical areas to repair immediately

• To comply with statutory requirements

• To enhance life cycle of building by suggesting preventive and corrective measures like repairs and

retrofitting

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Types of Audit

• Statutory audit

• Structural audit

• Safety audit

• Budgetary audit

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Explain the necessity and importance of structural audit & budget estimation

Before a calamity

Regular Audit – Age related damage

Special Audit – Change of user etc

After a calamity

Earthquake / flood / cyclone

Blast

Fire

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Explain the procedure involved in structural audit & budget estimation

• Visual examination

• Structural drawings

• Distress identification & Mapping

• N.D.T.

• Backward Analysis

• Identifying shortfall in members

• Strengthening /repair scheme , where needed

• Certification of stability

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Distress identification & Mapping

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1. Proposal

2. Name & Address of the Owner

3. Name & Address of Structural Engineer. M/s. Structwel Designers & Consultants Pvt. Ltd.

Plot No. 15, Sector 24, Turbhe,

Navi Mumbai – 400 705.

CERTIFICATE OF STRUCTURAL STABILITY

I hereby submit that the structural design of the intended work is in conformity with the provision of IS 456:2000, IS 1893-2016 and other relevant

codes for earthquake resistant design of structures, IS 13920 - 2016 for ductile detailing of reinforced concrete structures subjected to seismic

forces & IS 4326-1993 for earthquake resistant design and construction of buildings.

I hereby certify that the above mentioned structure is capable of withstanding the designed dead and live load including the earthquake forces.

This certificate is issued on the clear understanding that my overall design responsibility for the safety and proper performance of structural design

ceases, the moment any addition and or alteration damage to the structural frame is caused by accident or by tampering with the geometrical

sections of structural members for any purpose whatsoever, or due to overloading of the structure, lack of maintenance or any act that is

detrimental to the structure as a whole.

SIGNATURE OF LICENSED STRUCTURAL ENGINEER

Certification of stability

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Explain the procedure involved in structural audit & budget estimation

MCGM - Rating

Classification Of Buildings Category

To be evacuated /demolished immediately C1

To be evacuated and / or partially demolished requiring major structural repairs C2-A

No eviction only structural repairs C2-B

No eviction needs minor repairs only C3

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Explain the rules & regulations of structural audit and budget estimation as

recommended by competent authority.

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• Distress pattern identification

• Determine localized maintenance repair

• Track evolution of distresses ( Root cause analysis)

• Establish relationships between distresses within and across members

• Evaluate impact of repairs

• Choose appropriate rehabilitation methods

• BOQ preparation

• Improved accuracy of cost estimates

• Tracking the effectiveness of repairs

• Greater insight for selecting the proper rehabilitation method

• Evaluation of maintenance needs – Maintenance manual

Explain the step - by – step procedure for maintenance of the given structure

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Know the formats preparation for the process of structural audit and budget

preparation

P R O F O R M A 'B'. To be filled by structural Engineer/ Auditor appointed by owner/ tenants/occupiers.

Proforma B.pdf

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Process of Budget preparation

Drawings required :-

• Distress mapping drawing

• Waterproofing drawing

• Jacketing / flitching details

• Expansion joint details

• Propping plan / alternate load transfer path

• Structural steel strengthening drawings

• Joint details

• Plumbing / Electrical drawings

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Specifications to be followed :-

• Dismantling / de-construction of various components of structures

• Materials to be used

• Proportion

• Mixing

• Tools & equipments

• Method of application

• Curing

• Mode of measurement

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List of approved material :-

• Make / brand of material

• Grade / class of material

• Substitutes

• Special materials

• Single party supplier /vendor

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Preamble to Bill of quantities :-


• Compliance as per specification and / or codal provision


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Bill of quantities – Items :-

• Allied activities

• Access/approach system

• Equipments /utilities used

• Material specifications


• Location


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Repair work

1) TEMPORARY PROPPING

• Drawing

• Identification of location

• Propping

• Measured in Nos.

2) EXPOSING EXISTING RCC MEMBERS –

• Propping

• Scaffolding

• Tapping/Chipping concrete

• Tools used in Chipping ( concrete ) Chisel, Hammer etc

• Debris (stacking & carting)

• Cleaning

• Measured in Sqmt• Note :- Other activities like window covering etc.are also to be included


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Repair work

3) CORROSION TREATMENT

Wire brushing ( Manual/ Mechanical)

Rust remover

Washing

Passivator including mixing

Measured in Sqmt

4) STEEL REINFORCEMENT

Tools /Equipment – Cutter, Drill machine, Welding machine

Cutting

Drilling

Epoxy used for fixing

Fixing/ Tying/Welding

Measured in MT


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Repair work5) CEMENT GROUT

• Drilling holes

• Fixing Nipple

• Sealing nipples

• Tools – Grouting machine, hose pipe

• Grouting including admixtures

• Cutting & sealing of nipples.

• Measured in Kg

6) EPOXY GROUT

• Drilling holes

• Fixing Nipple

• Sealing nipples

• Tools – Grouting machine, hose pipe

• Grouting – Low viscous epoxy

• Cutting & sealing of nipples.

• Measured in kg of consumption


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Repair work

7) BOND COAT

• Cleaning with vacuum cleaner

• Mixing

• Pre-wetting of surface

• Application

• Tools – Jet spray, Broom, vibrator and brush

• Measured in Sqmt

8) REPAIR BY POLYMER MORTAR (15mm / 30mm/ 50mm)

• Proportioning

• Mixing /vibrating

• Tools – weigh balance, mixer, hand gloves etc…

• Application

• Curing



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Repair work

9) STRENGTHENING BY EPOXY MORTAR

• Proportioning

• Mixing /vibrating

• Tools – weigh balance, hand gloves etc…

• Application

• Measured in Sqmt ( Thickness pre-specified)

10) MICROCONCRETE

• Shuttering

• Mixing

• Pouring

• Vibrating

• Tools – vibrating needle, mixer, pump

• Measured in Kg


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Repair work

11) SHEAR KEYS

• Drilling holes

• Cutting

• Epoxy filing

• Fixing of shear key

• Tools- drilling machine, cutter, pump/injection


12) STRENGTHENING BY JACKETING

• Shuttering

• Concreting

• Vibrating

• Tools – mixer, vibrator,

• Measured in Cum


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Repair work

13) FLITCHING –

• Surface preparation for leveling

• Tools- Cutter, drilling machine, tightening equipments etc.

• Drilling holes for bolting

• Cutting as per drawing

• Plates

• Bolting

• Tightening as per required torque

• Measured in MT


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Repair work

14) FIBRE WRAPPING – Sqmt

• Champhering

• Cleaning

• Bond Coat / Adhesive

• Fibre Wraps

• Tools- hammer & chisel,

• Measured In Sqmt


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Repair work

15) STITCHING

• Tools – vaccum cleaner, jet spray, drill machine, cutter etc.

• Cleaning of cracks

• Drilling

• Cutting Steel

• Fixing

• Sealing


16) SUBSTITUTE FRAME WORK

• Drawing

• Tools –Cutter, welding machine

• Cutting Steel

• Placing Sections

• Welding/Bolting

• Measured in MT


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Repair work

17 ) GUNITING /SHORTCRETING

• Surface Preparation

• Tying Weld Mesh

• Guniting

• Tools- jet spray, compressor machine etc.


18) REMOVING PLASTER-

• Screening / fishing net

• Chipping

• Debris (Stacking & Carting)

• Tools- chisel & hammer



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Repair work

19) REDOING PLASTER-

• Cleaning /Washing

• Raking

• Fibre Mesh At Separation Joints

• Mixing & proportioning

• First Coat

• Curing

• Second Coat

• Curing


20) DEMOLISHING BRICK WORK-

• Breaking

• Tools- breaker


• Measured in Cum

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Repair work

21) PROVIDING BRICK WORK

• Wetting Bricks

• Laying

• Providing Key /step

• Measured in Cum

22) REMOVING W/P

• Breaking

• Close chipping

• Debris ( Stacking $ Carting)

• Tools – Breaker

• Measured in sqmt


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Repair work

23) REDOING W/P

• Wetting Surface For Cracks

• Treating Cracks

• Structural Repairs If Any

• Grid marking for grouting

• Grouting

• Cement / Chemical Wash

• Brick Bat

• Pond Test

• IPS

• China Chips

• Pond Test


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Repair work

24) DISMANTLING RCC

• Drawing

• Propping

• Dismantling


• Tools – breaker, chisel & hammer, cutter

• Measured in Cum

25) PROVIDING RCC

• Shuttering

• Mixing & proportioning

• Bond Coat

• Pouring

• Vibrating

• Tools- brush, mixer, pumping equipment ,

• vibrator needle

• De-striking

• Curing

• Measured in Cum


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References

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Sr. No. Title of book Name Author

1 SP – 185 High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete in Infrastructural Repair And

Retrofit

Neven Krstulovic-Opara Ziad Bayasi

2 SP -165 Repair And Strengthening of Concrete Members with Adhesive Bonded Plates R. Narayan Swami Robert Gaul

3 Technology Of Building Repairs R. N. Raikar

4 Learning From Failures , Deficiencies in Design, Construction & service R. N. Raikar

5 Concrete Inspection Handbook Joseph J. Messersmith, Jr.K. Mark Kluver, Stephen V.

Skalko

6 ACI 222R -89 , Corrosion of Metals in Concrete ACI Code

7 ACI 224 -1R -39 Causes, Evaluation, and Repair of Cracks in Concrete Structures ACI code

8 ACI 350 – 1R-93 Testing Reinforced Concrete Structures for Water tightness

9 Durable Structures through Planning for Preventive Maintenance R. N. Raikar

10 Diagnosis and Treatment of Structures in Distress R. N. Raikar

11 Guidelines on waterproofing in New /old construction- IRC Report October -2019

12 Guide to investigation of structural failures ASCE Research Council on performance of structure

13 Concrete repair- problems, questions and answers London Tara Hotel Kinsington, London W8

14 Handbook of adhesive & sealant Edward Petrie

List of references/ standard specifications

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Links of videos

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eEXAWukRfD4 – Grouting

https://youtu.be/JGQnbwxPiFA - NDT

https://youtu.be/i11zIlOeqfU - Repair

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TUJGZR4-Uvg – Repair andv restoration of Historic buildings

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nwM4YC8FCyQ –ACI- Repair of Structural Walls Severely Damaged after

Chilean 2010 Earthquake

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-u4sapV52_s ACI 562—Specifications for Repair

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zfcfcbiw014 – D PC treatment

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9E0rXB1EF5E – Polymer mortar

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tqIBcOw1U_w – Polymer concrete

References

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eEXAWukRfD4

https://youtu.be/JGQnbwxPiFA

https://youtu.be/i11zIlOeqfU

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TUJGZR4-Uvg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nwM4YC8FCyQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-u4sapV52_s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zfcfcbiw014

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9E0rXB1EF5E

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tqIBcOw1U_w

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STRUCTWEL CHETAN RAIKAR€¦ · STRUCTWEL CHETAN RAIKAR What is Structural Audit ? Structural Audit is an overall health and performance checkup of a building by an experienced and