Structure and Function

The Body

Skeleton

Skeleton is made of

bones

Bones are held together by

ligaments

Skeleton

SupportsProtectsAttachment for musclesAllows movementMakes blood cells Stores minerals

Ligaments

HOLD BONES TOGETHER

CARTILAGE

COVERS ENDS OF BONES

STOPS THEM RUBBING TOGETHER

LUBRICATES

TENDONS

ATTACH

MUSCLE

TO BONE

TENDONS

ATTACH MUSCLES

ACROSS

JOINTS

MUSCLE

CAUSES MOVEMENT

CAN ONLY PULL

WORK IN PAIRS OR SETS

CAN BE VOLUNTARY OR

INVOLUNTARY

MUSCLES

TWO TYPES

SLOW TWITCH

FAST TWITCH

MUSCLES

SLOW TWITCH OR RED MUSCLE

FULL OF CAPILLIARIES AND BLOOD

RICH IN OXYGEN AND CAN KEEP THE BODY WORKING FOR A LONG TIME

LITTLE FORCE DOES NOT TIRE EASILY

MUSCLES

FAST TWITCH OR WHITE MUSCLE

LESS RICH IN OXYGEN

VERY POWERFUL

TIRES EASILY

MUSCLES

EACH PERSON IS MADE UP OF

DIFFERENT MUSCLE FAST AND SLOW

SPRINTERS LOT OF FAST/WHITE

MARATHON LOT OF SLOW/RED

MUSCLES

POWER CELL OFMUSCLE IS CALLED

MITOCHONDRIA

CONVERT FOOD INTO ENERGY

JOINTS

WHERE TWO BONES JOIN TOGETHER

JOINTS ALLOW MOVEMENT

SYNOVIAL JOINTS

WHOLE JOINT HELD IN SAC

SURFACES OF BONES COVERED IN CARTILAGE

SAC FILLED WITH SYNOVIAL FLUID

JOINTS

BALL AND SOCKETCONDYLOIDSADDLEHINGEPIVOTGLIDING

BALL AND SOCKET

SHOULDERAND HIP

MOVEMENT IN ALL

DIRECTIONS

HINGE JOINTS

ELBOW AND KNEE

MOVEMENT IN TWO

DIRECTIONS

JOINTS

CONDYLOID

WRIST BONES AN ODD SHAPE

SADDLE

THUMB

PIVOT

ELBOW RADIUS AND ULNA AREAS