Structural Sections: Non-bundled using webbing straps

Page 1 of 4LRG-0003-SS Issue 127 September 2010

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LOAD RESTRAINT GUIDELINEStructural Sections: Non-bundled using webbing straps

1. This guideline applies to:

• Structural sections as listed below, loaded web horizontal in vertical tiers on timber dunnage.

2. Essential requirements

3. Overview of restraint system

• All restraints must be webbing straps compliant with EN 12195-2:2001.

• Anchor points are rated to same capacity as the lashing equipment, minimum.

• Edge protection.

• Base dunnage must be a single layer of square section timber.

• Minimum 4-off base dunnage.

• Side pins. (Omitted for clarity on some images).

Full load (28 tonnes) on a standard trailer restrained using LC 2000 daN webbing straps:

P13 over-the-top webbing straps.

PEdge protection at all points of contact between lashing and product.

PCompliant load configuration.

PMinimum 4-off square section timber dunnage.

PRatchets placed on alternating sides.

PSide pins.

This Load Restraint Guideline is designed to be compliant with the forces stated in EN 12195-1:2003 and VDI 2700.

• Mill finish steel-on-steel static coefficient of friction μs = 0.42; tested according to EN 12195-1:2003 Annex C.

Note: If steel is painted or galvanised it is classed as low friction and additional restraint is required.

Universalbeams

Universalcolumns

Universalbearing piles

Parallel flangechannels

Asymmetricbeams

Load LC 2000daN LC 2500daN LC 5000daN

0 - 10 t 7 6 3

10 - 15 t 9 8 4

15 - 20 t 10 8 4

20 - 25 t 12 10 5

25 - 28 t 13 11 6

Table 1: Quantity of restraints


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P O

OP

OP

OP

O

• Narrow beams being placed on top need to be positioned towards the centre of the trailer.

• Wide beams being placed on top must only span two tiers.

• Product placed on top must sit with both its flanges on the webs of the two tiers below it.

Depending on customer off-loading restrictions, the following may be considered when load-building to create the required lashing angles:

4. Load configuration

4.1 Pyramid

minimum 20˚

Minimum of 20˚ deflection at each tier.Edge protection omitted for clarity.

No contact with tier and negligible lashing deflection.Edge protection omitted for clarity.

• The lashing must deflect by a minimum of 20 degrees from one tier to the next.• All product in each tier must be the same section size.

minimum 20˚minimum 20˚

less than 20 ˚


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P

O

P

max.3m

max.3m

max.3m

max.3m

1m 1m

• Block configuration loads cannot be restrained to EN 12195-1 using over-the-top lashings alone.

4.2 Block

• Maximum of 2 tiers on top of the intermediate dunnage.

• Product between the base dunnage and intermediate dunnage must be of the identical section size, with the same quantity in each vertical tier.

• These loads must be reconfigured to allow downward clamping to be applied to all tiers. This can be accomplished by introducing intermediate timber dunnage.

• Intermediate timber dunnage must be a minimum of 100 x 100mm square section and span the full width of the product below it.

• Intermediate dunnage to be placed 1 metre from ends of shortest product and a maximum spacing of 3 metres between each.

• 2 bundles of interlocked sections may be placed on top of the intermediate dunnage.

• 2 bundles = 4 tiers.

4.3 Interlocked sections


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Care has been taken to ensure that the contents of this publication are accurate, but Tata Steel Europe Limited and its subsidiaries do not accept responsibility or liability for errors or information that is found to be misleading.


• Maximum product height above the trailer deck is 1.5 metres.

• Product may be loaded away from headboard to achieve correct axle loadings.

max.

1.5m

O

P

• Suitable edge protection is required at all points of contact between webbing strap and product.

• Recommended types of edge protection are heavy duty webbing sleeves and moulded plastic corner protectors.

• PVC webbing sleeves do not provide sufficient protection on steel products.

• Cardboard or plastic angles are not suitable; the webbing strap slides off and does not tension up.

• Anti-slip matting slices readily and is not an acceptable form of edge protection.

P P

O O

5. Gaps between tiers

6. Other loading considerations

7. Edge protection

• When loading with a forklift, gaps between tiers must be closed as far as is reasonably practicable.

• When gaps between tiers are required for loading/unloading, then suitable means of controlling the gaps must be implemented.

• Vertical dunnage must be securely fixed in place to prevent this coming loose in transit.

Documents

Structural Sections: Non-bundled using webbing straps