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STRI NEWS stri.si.edu/sites/strinews CTFS-SCIENCE TALK Tues., Aug. 19, 10:30am Brian Sedio STRI Tupper Large Meeting Room How can we utilize mass spectrometry chemical networks to study chemical ecology at the scale of a tropical forest tree community? TUPPER SEMINAR Tues., Aug. 19, 4pm Ed Tanner Cambridge University Tupper Auditorium Forty year of change, including a hurricane, in Jamaican montane forest BAMBI SEMINAR Thur., Aug. 21, 7:15pm Egbert Leigh STRI Barro Colorado Island Why Biologists should Care about Bats Cover photo by Christian Ziegler NEW FUNDS FOR PANAMA CANAL WATERSHED STUDY Some seven years ago, STRI embarked upon the Agua Salud project, a long-term, landscape-level experiment to understand how land use choices in the Panama Canal basin will affect water availability, carbon storage, soil fertility and biodiversity—vital environmental services likely to be affected by climate change in com- ing decades. e project builds upon 100 years of Smithsonian tropical forest research in the Panama Canal basin. STRI is pleased to announce that the Agua Salud project team has been awarded $2.89 million by the US National Science Foundation towards new hydrological and social science research. e award will fund an interdisciplinary team from the University of Wyoming, Yale University, the University of Colorado, the University of Alberta, the Panama Canal Authority (ACP), and the National Environmental Authority of Panama (ANAM) to study how land uses—mature forest, pastureland, reforestation with native tree species or teak, or deforestation--affect water flow. e grant also funds new research on land-owner and institutional behavior. ese decision makers ultimately make the choices that determine how land is managed. Linking incentive schemes, such as payment for environmental services, to new hydrological models will allow researchers to forecast the impact of land use on water flows and to work with land owners to achieve optimum land use solutions. “is NSF award fits into the concept of Smart Reforestation TM and validates Agua Salud as a leading, innovative project offering a deeper understanding of tropical hydrology and the impacts of land-management practices on ecosystem services,” said STRI director, Matthew Larsen. “ Fred Ogden, STRI research associate and faculty member at the University of Wyoming leads the grant team. Staff Scientist Jefferson Hall will direct activities in Panama. ey are joined by co-PI’s Eli Fenichel, Yale University, and Holly Barnard, University of Colorado. Team members include Vic Admonowicz (University of Alberta), Brent Ewers (University of Wyoming), and Bob Stallard (STRI and the US geological Survey), among others. AUG 15, 2014 This concrete weir is used to measure outflow from one of the streams in the Agua Salud experiment. New funding from the U.S. National Science Foundation will support studies to understand how land use affects water availability. Este vertedero hidraúlico de concreto se utiliza para medir el flujo de agua de una de las corrientes en el experimento de Agua Salud. Un reciente financiamiento por parte de la Fundación Nacional de Ciencia de los Estados Unidos apoyará estudios para comprender cómo el uso del suelo afecta la disponibilidad de agua. SEMINARS

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Page 1: STRINews AUG 15 2014 - Smithsonian Institutionstri-sites.si.edu/sites/strinews/PDFs/STRINews_AUG_15_2014.pdf · isolated Palmyra Atoll in the middle of the Pacific. Sharks there are

STRI NEWSstri.si.edu/sites/strinews

CTFS-SCIENCE TALKTues., Aug. 19, 10:30amBrian Sedio STRITupper Large Meeting RoomHow can we utilize mass spectrometry chemical networks to study chemical ecology at the scale of a tropical forest tree community?

TUPPER SEMINARTues., Aug. 19, 4pmEd TannerCambridge UniversityTupper AuditoriumForty year of change, including a hurricane, in Jamaican montane forest

BAMBI SEMINARThur., Aug. 21, 7:15pm Egbert LeighSTRIBarro Colorado IslandWhy Biologists should Care about Bats

Cover photo by Christian Ziegler

NEW FUNDS FOR PANAMA CANAL WATERSHED STUDY

Some seven years ago, STRI embarked upon the Agua Salud project, a long-term, landscape-level experiment to understand how land use choices in the Panama Canal basin will affect water availability, carbon storage, soil fertility and biodiversity—vital environmental services likely to be affected by climate change in com-ing decades. The project builds upon 100 years of Smithsonian tropical forest research in the Panama Canal basin.

STRI is pleased to announce that the Agua Salud project team has been awarded $2.89 million by the US National Science Foundation towards new hydrological and social science research. The award will fund an interdisciplinary team from the University of Wyoming, Yale University, the University of Colorado, the University of Alberta, the Panama Canal Authority (ACP), and the National Environmental Authority of Panama (ANAM) to study how land uses—mature forest, pastureland, reforestation with native tree species or teak, or deforestation--affect water flow.

The grant also funds new research on land-owner and institutional behavior. These decision makers

ultimately make the choices that determine how land is managed. Linking incentive schemes, such as payment for environmental services, to new hydrological models will allow researchers to forecast the impact of land use on water flows and to work with land owners to achieve optimum land use solutions.

“This NSF award fits into the concept of Smart ReforestationTM and validates Agua Salud as a leading, innovative project offering a deeper understanding of tropical hydrology and the impacts of land-management practices on ecosystem services,” said STRI director, Matthew Larsen. “

Fred Ogden, STRI research associate and faculty member at the University of Wyoming leads the grant team. Staff Scientist Jefferson Hall will direct activities in Panama. They are joined by co-PI’s Eli Fenichel, Yale University, and Holly Barnard, University of Colorado. Team members include Vic Admonowicz (University of Alberta), Brent Ewers (University of Wyoming), and Bob Stallard (STRI and the US geological Survey), among others.

AUG 15, 2014

This concrete weir is used to measure outflow from one of the streams in the Agua Salud experiment. New funding from the U.S. National Science Foundation will support studies to understand how land use affects water availability. Este vertedero hidraúlico de concreto se utiliza para medir el flujo de agua de una de las corrientes en el experimento de Agua Salud. Un reciente financiamiento por parte de la Fundación Nacional de Ciencia de los Estados Unidos apoyará estudios para comprender cómo el uso del suelo afecta la disponibilidad de agua.

SEMINARS

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STRI NEWS, AUG 15, 2014

Hace unos siete años, el Smithsonian se embarcó en el proyecto de Agua Salud, un experimento a gran escala y a largo plazo para mejor comprender cómo las opciones de uso del suelo en la cuenca del Canal de Panamá afectarán la disponibilidad de agua, el almacenamiento de carbono, la fertilidad del suelo y la biodiver-sidad, servicios ambientales vitales que probablemente se verán afectados por el cambio climático en las próximas décadas. El proyecto se basa en los 100 años de investigación forestal tropical del Smithsonian en la cuenca del Canal de Panamá.

El Instituto se complace en anunciar que la Fundación Nacional de la Ciencia de Estados Unidos (NSF por sus siglas en inglés) ha otorgado al equipo del proyecto de Agua Salud $2.89 millones para nuevas investigaciones en la ciencia hidrológica y social. La donación financiará a un equipo interdisciplinario de la Universi-dad de Wyoming, la Universidad de Yale, la Universidad de Colo-rado, la Universidad de Alberta, la Autoridad del Canal de Panamá (ACP) y la Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente de Panamá (ANAM) para estudiar cómo los usos de la tierra - bosques maduros, pastizales, la reforestación con especies de árboles nativos o con teca, o la deforestación - afectan el flujo del agua.

Los fondos también apoyarán a nuevas investigaciones sobre el comportamiento de los terratenientes y las instituciones. Los encargados de tomar decisiones, en última instancia, serán los que

deciden cómo se administra la tierra. La vinculación de los planes de incentivos, como el pago por servicios ambientales a los nuevos modelos hidrológicos, permitirá a los investigadores pronosticar el impacto del uso de la tierra en los flujos de agua y a trabajar con los propietarios de tierras para lograr solucio-nes óptimas de uso del suelo.

“Esta subvención de la NSF encaja en el concepto de Reforestación InteligenteTM y valida a Agua Salud como un proyecto líder e innovador que ofrece una comprensión más profunda de la hidrología tropical y los impactos de las prácticas de manejo de tierras en los servicios del ecosistema”, comentó el director del Smithsonian en Panamá,” Matthew Larsen.

Fred Ogden, investigador asociado del Smithsonian y profesor en la Universidad de Wyoming lidera el equipo que recibio el financimiento. El científico permanente del Smithsonian, Jef-ferson Hall dirigirá las actividades en Panamá. Miembros del equipo incluyen a Eli Fenichel, la Universidad de Yale, y Holly Barnard de la Universidad de Colorado como investigadores principales. Miembros del equipo incluyen a Vic Admonowicz (Universidad de Alberta), Brent Ewers (Universidad de Wyo-ming), y Bob Stallard (del Smithsonian y el Servicio Geológico de EE.UU.), entre otros.

NUEVOS FONDOS PARA ESTUDIO DE LA CUENCA DEL CANAL DE PANAMÁ

Agua Salud project scientists Fred Ogden and Jefferson Hall simulated a rainfall event and measured overland water flow.

Los científicos del proyecto de Agua Salud Fred Ogden y Jefferson Hall simularon un evento de lluvia y midieron el flujo de aguas superficiales.

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About 40 students learned how to identify some of Panama’s nearly 200 amphibian species as part of a new education program launched with the new exhibit. A teacher resource guide and package was also developed for distribution to more than 300 schools during the year who visit the center.Cerca de 40 estudiantes aprendieron a cómo identificar algunas de las casi 200 especies de anfibios de Panamá como parte de un nuevo programa de formación que se inicia con la nueva exhibición. Además se desarrolló una guía instructiva para maestros y material informativo para su distribución a más de 300 escuelas que visitan el centro durante el año.

Many frogs are great at the art of camouflage and avoid being spotted by predators, and sometimes, by visitors! Culebra guide Kathy Gomez helps visitors spot frogs.Muchas ranas son grandiosas en el arte del camuflaje y evitan ser descubiertas por los depredadores y a veces, por los visitantes! La guía Centro Natural de Punta Culebra, Kathy Gómez ayuda a los visitantes a encontrar ranas.

PANAMA’S FABULOUS FROGS FEATURED IN GOLDEN FROG FESTIVAL

LAS FABULOSAS RANAS DE PANAMÁ DESTACAN EN EL FESTIVAL DE LA RANA DORADA

STRI Director Matt Larsen meets the golden frog, Atelopus zeteki, during the soft opening on August 14 of Punta Culebra Nature Center’s exhibit, Fabulous Frogs of Panama. El Director del Smithsonian en Panamá Matt Larsen conoce a la rana dorada, Atelopus zeteki, durante la inauguración de la exhibición Fabulosas Ranas de Panamá en el Centro Natural Punta Culebra el 14 de agosto.

Matt Larsen, Canadian Ambassador Sylvia Cesaratto, and children from El Buen Pastor Jireh school officially open the exhibit, which features 11 different species of Panama’s diverse frogs, including rare species not found on display elsewhere. Matt Larsen, la Embajadora de Canadá Sylvia Cesaratto y niños del Colegio El Buen Pastor Jireh inauguran oficialmente la exhibición, que cuenta con 11 especies de diversas ranas de Panamá, incluyendo especies raras que no se encuentran en exhibición en otros lugares.

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Aida Clement, Towerbank vice President of operations, with Lucrecia Arosemena who proposed Law 37 (3 Aug, 2010) establishing Aug. 14 as Panama’s National Golden Frog Day. Aida Clement, vicepresidente de operaciones de Towerbank, junto a Lucrecia Arosemena quien propuso la Ley 37 del 03 de agosto del 2010 que establece el 14 de agosto como Día Nacional de La Rana Dorada de Panamá.

During an evening presentation at the American Trade Hotel, Sharon Ryan, STRI public programs director, informs the audience of new educational initiatives and outreach programs.Durante una presentación nocturna en el American Trade Hotel, Sharon Ryan, directora de programas públicos del Smithsonian en Panamá, informa al público de las nuevas iniciativas educativas y programas de extensión.

Indigenous artisan Lanky Cheucarama presents tagua carvings of frogs. Tagua sculpting has been passed down through generations in Lanky’s family. His detailed carvings raise awareness about amphibian decline and pay homage to the central role of frogs in Panama’s indigenous cultures.El artesano indígena Lanky Cheucarama presenta esculturas de ranas en tagua. La escultura en tagua se ha transmitido de generación en generación en su familia. Sus esculturas crean conciencia sobre el declive de los anfibios y rinden homenaje al papel central de las ranas en las culturas indígenas de Panamá.

Jorge Guerrel, PARC project biologist, talks at La Rana Dorada Pub on the first night of the Festival.Jorge Guerrel, biólogo proyecto PARC, habla en el Restaurante La Rana Dorada derante la primera noche del Festival.

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STRI NEWS, APRIL 4, 2014

Photo: Sean Mattson

One thing Erin Dillon notices when she dives on the degraded coral reefs around Bocas Del Toro is that she sees no sharks. The apex predators could be more active at night, out-of-sight in the low-visibility waters, or just “naturally” uncommon in the sheltered and shallow bays of the Panamanian archipelago.

Experience suggests otherwise. Dillon has explored the healthier marine ecosystems of Australia’s Great Barrier Reef and the isolated Palmyra Atoll in the middle of the Pacific. Sharks there are more plentiful.

To figure out the extent human activity has contributed to shark scarcity at Bocas, Dillon sifts through underwater sediment and a 7,000-year-old fossilized reef to reconstruct changes in shark communities through time. She searches for dermal denticles — or microscopic shark scales — the nearly indestructible traces sharks leave behind.

“The project is not going back just 50 or 100 years, but thousands of years to get a true baseline of shark abundance,” said Dillon, a Stanford graduate and STRI intern in Aaron O’Dea’s lab. “Sharks have a really important impact on the environment. If you take away sharks it can upset the entire structure of an ecosystem.”

Her work may also show how shark species distribution has shifted over time in the greater Caribbean.

“The Caribbean is much more degraded than some other regions,” said Dillon, after a day of collecting sediments around reefs. “Bocas is a good place to start looking at the history of reefs in order to ensure their future protection.”

Algo que Erin Dillon nota cuando bucea en los arrecifes degradados de Bocas del Toro es que ya no se ven tiburones. Puede que estos depredadores sean más activos durante la noche, fuera de vista en las aguas turbias, o que simplemente son poco comunes en las bahías protegidas de poca profundidad del archipiélago panameño.

La experiencia sugiere lo contrario. Dillon ha explorado los ecosistemas marinos más saludables de la Gran Barrera de Coral de Australia y el aislado atolón de Palmyra en el medio del Pacífico, donde los tiburones son más abundantes.

Para averiguar en qué medida la actividad humana ha contribuido a la escasez de tiburones en Bocas, Dillon escudriña a través de los sedimentos del fondo y un arrecife fosilizado de 7,000 años para reconstruir los cambios en las comunidades de tiburones a través del tiempo. Ella busca dentículos dérmicos - escalas de tiburón microscópicas - los rastros casi indestructibles de los tiburones.

“El proyecto no nos lleva solamente a hace 50 o 100 años sino a miles de años en el pasado para conseguir una verdadera línea de base de la abundancia de tiburones”, comentó Dillon, estudiante de post grado de Stanford y pasante en el laboratorio de Aaron O’Dea del Smithsonian en Panamá. “Los tiburones tienen un impacto muy importante sobre el medio ambiente. Si quitas los tiburones se puede alterar toda la estructura de un ecosistema.”

Su trabajo también puede mostrar cómo la distribución de especies de tiburones ha cambiado con el tiempo en el Gran Caribe.

“El Caribe está mucho más degradado que algunas otras regiones”, comentó Dillon, después de un día de colecta de sedimentos alrededor de los arrecifes. “Bocas es un buen lugar para empezar a buscar en la historia de los arrecifes con el fin de garantizar su protección en el futuro.”

WHERE ARE THE SHARKS?

¿DÓNDE ESTÁN LOS TIBURONES?

Erin Dillon | Photo by Sean Mattson - STRI

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ARRIVALS

PUBLICATIONS

Marco TschapkaUniversity of UlmEcology and species barriers in emerging viral diseasesBarro Colorado Island

Wade McGillisColumbia UniversityAre Eastern Tropical Pacific reefs becoming more resilient to ENSO?Naos Marine Lab

Jennifer ThompsonUniversity of California - Santa CruzSeed defense syndromes of tropical forest trees: emergent properties of seed dormancy, defense and microbial interactionsTupper and Gamboa

Katy Cummings, Sahale Casebolt and Michal KowalewskiUniversity of FloridaA Holistic Approach to Coastal Ecosystem Sustainability: Conservation Paleobiology, Ecology, and Socioeconomics of Bocas del Toro, PanamaBocas del Toro

Joachim Vleminckx and Kathy SteppeGhent UniversityFrank SterckWageningen UniversityPlant functional traitsTupper and Gamboa

Tyler Nadasen-GladstonePanama Amphibian Rescue and Conservation ProjectGamboa

Ira Rubinoff To Martha’s Vineyard, MA To visit a donor

Rachel Collin To Bocas del Toro For meetings

Larsen, Matthew To Bocas del Toro For meetings and for a facility tour

Raúl De León, Raul To Pixbae, Veraguas For a checkout dive with Juan Mate’s group

Questions/comments Preguntas/comentarios

@stri_panama#smithsonian

[email protected]

DEPARTURES

Bashyal, A., Gross B.A., Venegas-Anaya M., Lowrance F., and Densmore III L.D. 2014. Assessment of Microsatellites in Estimating Inter- and Intraspecific Variation among Neotropical Crocodylus Species. Genetics and Molecular Research 13(3): 5492-502.

Grajales, A., and Rodriguez E. 2014. Morphological Revision of the Genus Aiptasia and the Family Aiptasiidae (Cnidaria, Actiniaria, Metridioidea). Zootaxa 3826(1): 55-100.

Hardion, L., Verlaque R., Saltonstall K., Leriche A., and Vila B. 2014. Origin of the Invasive Arundo Donax (Poaceae): A Trans-Asian Expedition in Herbaria. Annals of Botany.

He, Q., Bertness M.D., Bruno J.F., Li B., Chen G., Coverdale T.C., Altieri A.H., Bai J., Sun T., Pennings S.C., Liu J., Ehrlich P.R., and Cui B.. 2014. Economic Development and Coastal Ecosystem Change in China. Scientific Reports.

Jones, P. L. 2014. Foraging Decisions by Eavesdropping Bats. Austin, Texas: The University of Texas at Austin, PhD Thesis.

Moore, A.C., Burch J.B., and Duda Jr. T.F. 2014. Recognition of a Highly Restricted Freshwater Snail Lineage (Physidae: Physella) in Southeastern Oregon: Convergent Evolution, Historical Context, and Conservation Considerations. Conservation Genetics.

Quintero, I., Gonzalez-Caro S., Zalamea P., and Cadena C.D.. 2014. Asynchrony of Seasons: Genetic Differentiation Associated with Geographic Variation in Climatic Seasonality and Reproductive Phenology. The American Naturalist 184(3).

Ramos, A.G., Nunziata S.O., Lance S.L., Rodriguez C., Faircloth B.C., Gowaty P.A., and Drummond H. 2014. Interactive Effects of Male and Female Age on Extra-Pair Paternity in a Socially Monogamous Seabird. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology.

Schreeg, L.A., Santiago L., Wright S.J., and Turner B.L. 2014. Stem, Root, and Older Leaf N:P Ratios are More Responsive Indicators of Soil Nutrient Availability than New Foliage. Ecology 95(8): 2062-8.

Shik, J.Z., Schal C., and Silverman J. 2014. Diet Specialization in an Extreme Omnivore: Nutritional Regulation in Glucose-Averse German Cockroaches. Journal of Evolutionary Biology.

Shik, J.Z., Santos J.C., Seal J.N., Kay A., Mueller U.G., and Kaspari M.E. 2014. Metabolism and the Rise of Fungus Cultivation by Ants. The American Naturalist.

Thomsen, O., Collin R., and Carrillo-Baltodano A. 2014. The Effects of Experimentally Induced Adelphophagy in Gastropod Embryos. Plos One 9(7): 1-12.Vergara-Asenjo, G., and Potvin C.J. 2014. Forest Protection and Tenure Status: The Key Role of Indigenous Peoples and Protected Areas in Panama. Global Environmental Change: Human and Policy Dimensions 28: 205-15.

Holt, J.S., Welles S.R., Silvera K., Heap I.M., Heredia S.M., Martinez-Berdeja A., Palenscar K.T., Sweet L.C., and Ellstrand N.C.. 2013. Taxonomic and Life History Bias in Herbicide Resistant Weeds: Implications for Deployment of Resistant Crops. PLOS ONE 8(9): 1-7.

Uriarte, M., Clark, J. S., Zimmerman, J. K., Comita, L., Forero-Montaña, J. and Thompson, J. 2012. Multidimensional trade-offs in species responses to disturbance: implications for diversity in a subtropical forest. Ecology, 93(1): 191-205. doi:10.1890/10-2422.1