STRIMER - STrawberry Ripeness Identification by MicrowavE ...fumie/tmp/Eagrislide.pdf · STRIMER - STrawberry Ripeness Identiﬁcation by MicrowavE Resonance Fumie Costen, Brian Ellison

STRIMER - STrawberry Ripeness Identificationby MicrowavE Resonance

Fumie Costen, Brian [email protected],[email protected]/awarded-projects.html

June 16, 2018

Fumie Costen, Brian Ellison [email protected],[email protected] www.stfcfoodnetwork.org/awarded-projects.html ()STRIMER - STrawberry Ripeness Identification by MicrowavE Resonance1 / 18

www.stfcfoodnetwork.org/awarded-projects.html


Table of Contents

1 Properties of Fourier Transform for analogue signals



Most popular fruits and veg: Fruits is a big markethttps://www-statista-com.manchester.idm.oclc.org/statistics/

650348/fruit-vegetable-popular-sales-uk/

SalesinmillionGBP

846.1846.1

763.7763.7

701.8701.8

576.3576.3

553.9553.9

505.1505.1

423.8423.8

390.7390.7

329.7329.7

294294

MostpopularfruitandvegetablesbysalesintheUnitedKingdom(UK)in2015(inmillionGBP)

AdditionalInformation:UnitedKingdom;May24,2015

Dessertapples

Grapes

Tomatoes

Bananas

OldPotatoes

Strawberries

EasyPeelers

Mushrooms

NewPotatoes

Peppers

SourceFruitnet.com©Statista2018

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000


https://www-statista-com.manchester.idm.oclc.org/statistics/650348/fruit-vegetable-popular-sales-uk/

https://www-statista-com.manchester.idm.oclc.org/statistics/650348/fruit-vegetable-popular-sales-uk/


Economy of soft fruit: increasing consumptionSales of the soft fruit industry

year Sales in £2010 6 · 108 (600 million)2015 1012 (1 billion)

http://www.producebusinessuk.com/supply/stories/2015/10/27/

how-buyers-in-the-uk-can-capitalise-on-the-british-berry-boom


http://www.producebusinessuk.com/supply/stories/2015/10/27/how-buyers-in-the-uk-can-capitalise-on-the-british-berry-boom

http://www.producebusinessuk.com/supply/stories/2015/10/27/how-buyers-in-the-uk-can-capitalise-on-the-british-berry-boom


Economy of soft fruit: Strawberries dominant

Consumption Consumption Increase IncreaseCrop in in in

106Kg 106Kg 106Kg percentStrawberries 67 168 101 150Raspberries 13 29 16 123

Other soft fruits 12 50 38 317total 92 247 155 168

http:

//www.britishsummerfruits.co.uk/media/TheAndersonReport.pdf


http://www.britishsummerfruits.co.uk/media/TheAndersonReport.pdf

http://www.britishsummerfruits.co.uk/media/TheAndersonReport.pdf


Harvesting period of strawberries3-4 weeks of strawberry season:

I How to harvestI bruise easily→ care needed when snapping the stem off with fingersI cooled as soon as possible once harvestedI stay fresh 3∼5 days in the fridge

I When to start harvestingI commercially when ripe but not over-mature (pink or red but not

mushy)I at home when completely redI not simultaneous harvesting period−→ important to determine optimum strawberryripeness

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/fruits/strawberry/

picking-strawberry-fruit.htm


https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/fruits/strawberry/picking-strawberry-fruit.htm

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/fruits/strawberry/picking-strawberry-fruit.htm


Life cycle of strawberries -seed

www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/fruits/strawberry/strawberry-seed-growing.htm





Life cycle of strawberries -flowering

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strawberry#/media/File:Strawberry_flower.jpg





Life cycle of strawberries -petal fall



Life cycle of strawberries -ripening



Sugar in Strawberries.Sugar volume ↑ when ripeness ↑

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

Number of days after petal fall

Sugarco

ntent(m

g/fruit)

”Physical and chemical changes in developing strawberryfruits” by J. R. Woodward, in 1972



Sugar content and εr . Sugar volume correlateswith εr → correlation with ripeness at ∼ 1GHz

The changes in dielectric constant for 10% ethanol solutionsin the presence of various amount of sucrose.“Dielectric Characterization of Ethanol and Sugar AqueousSolutions for Potential Halal Authentication” by Z. Abidin, F.Omar and D. Biak in 2014



Cavity resonator for measurement of εr

www.daenotes.com/electronics/microwave-radar/cavity-resonator





Example of output from cavity with/withoutsample

”Novel Microwave Microfluidic Sensor Using a MicrostripSplit-Ring Resonator” by A. Abduljabar, D. Rowe, A. Porch,D. Barrow in 2014



Example of output from cavity varying εr

”A microwave cavity resonator sensor for water-in-oilmeasurements” by P. Sharma , L. Lao, G. Falcone in 2018



What we do during the project

I Simulation of the EM waves in the cavity [Manchester]I with and without strawberry insideI with strawberry changing εr

I Correlation between εr of a strawberry and the output ofthe cavity at the simulation level [Manchester]

I Optimisation of the size of the cavity and sample sizeand the frequency range [Manchester]

I Prototype development [STFC]



Beyond the project

Signal transmitted Signal received -> er -> ripeness



Thank you

Thank you for your attention



Documents

STRIMER - STrawberry Ripeness Identification by MicrowavE ...fumie/tmp/Eagrislide.pdf · STRIMER - STrawberry Ripeness Identiﬁcation by MicrowavE Resonance Fumie Costen, Brian Ellison