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Stress and College Living presentation from Christine Foster at Western Michigan University
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Christine Foster, MA, LLPC, NCC
Managing Stress
Mind Clearing
Definitions of Stress
• Disruption of harmony (many components)
• Occurs as a result of the interplay of environmental situations and life events
• Mental, emotional, and physical reactions
• Crippling Vs. Healthy
• Degree dependent on perspective and perseveration
Environmental Components
– Harm-and-loss situations: Stress occurs because an important need is not met
– Threat situations: Likely to produce harm
– Challenge situations: Major life transitions that are opportunities for growth• Hypostress• Eustress• Hyperstress• Distress
– Perceived vs. Real
Mental Components & Emotional Components
• Two characteristics:– Appraisal of threatening situation– Worry that personal resources cannot buffer
or survive the threat
• Unpleasant emotions associated with the above characteristics
• Mediating factors?
Physiological Components
• Body’s reaction to emotional and psychological
• Fight, Flight, or Freeze– Lions, tigers, and bears, oh my!
• Cortisol production– Benefits vs. adverse effects
Signs of Stress
• What are some ways you recognize when you are feeling stressed?
• General irritability• Elevated HR and Increased BP• Increased accident proneness• Constant feeling of anxiety (for no reason)• Trembling/shaking• Changes in sleep patterns/Trouble sleeping• Changes in eating patterns• Pain/Physical problems
Stress and Illness• Prolonged exposure:
– Weakened immune system
– Change in physiology
– Emotional ramifications• Pathology, Learned helplessness
– Behavioral ramifications• Drugs, sweets, sex, risk
Personality TypesType A Personality
ImpulsiveAchievement orientedHighly competitive
Prime Candidate for Stress-related Illness!
Type B PersonalityLess driven than Type AMore relaxedLess readily frustrated and more easygoing
Personality Types, continued
• Type C Personality– Introverted– Detail-oriented– Cautious and reserved– May have trouble communicating
• Type D Personality– Negative emotions (but are not expressive)– At risk for negative health outcomes
Healthy Coping Strategies
• Cognitive Restructuring• Behavioral Modification• Journal Writing• Art Therapy• Humor• Time Management• Social Support• Exercise/Nutrition