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Strengthening an Enabling Environment
For WASH Sector in PakistanBy
Kitka Goyol, Chief WASH
Kamran Naeem, WASH Specialist
2
Overview of Presentation
Presentation is divided into 8 Sections + Q&A
1. Country Context for EE in Pakistan & UNICEF WASH Team
2. Institutional Factors for EE in Pakistan
3. Planning for EE work in UNICEF Pakistan
4. Implementing WASH EE Activities
5. Key Challenges
6. Lessons Learnt
7. Future Plans
8. Questions and Answers
Profile of PakistanPopulation: Over 200 million
(6th Largest Country)
Rural Population: 60.8 %Urban Population: 39.2%
Federation of four major provincesWASH – Devolved in 2010
88 % Access Limited Service of Water64 % Access Basic
Service of Sanitation 25 m defecate in
open
Implementation strategy & guiding principlesImplementation strategy & guiding principlesPakistan WASH Programme Structure
Increased country capacity to deliver WASH facilities in urban areas: pro-poor service delivery and private sector development
Enhanced support to children and families leading to sustained use of drinking water, adoption of adequate sanitation and good hygiene practices in rural areas
URBAN WASHRURAL WASHSECTOR COORDINATION (Enabling Environment)
Pillar 4Pillar 1 Pillar 2 Pillar 3
WASH Sector coordination and capacity strengthened both for National and Provincial Governments with a particular focus on policy, leveraging, advocacy , knowledge management and creation of the ENABLING ENVIRONMENT
Populations build resilience and receive life & livelihood saving relief and recovery response to WASH emergencies in accordance with CCCs and international minimum Standard
Emergency WASH
In line with UNICEF’s global strategy for WASH:
WASH Staff: 31 people; 35% Female and 65% Male
5
What we understand about EE
“…A set of interrelated functions that impacts the capacity of Government, private and public sector partners …… that creates the CONDITIONS for a Country to have sustainable, at-scale WASH services that will facilitate achievement of the universal access for ALL in WASH with progressive reduction of INEQUALITY…..”
6
Choosing EE and Capacity Context
Capacity gap analysis of institutions responsible for Humanitarian WASH sector coordination
7
Choosing EE and Capacity Context
Map roles and responsibilities of government institutions Development and Humanitarian
8
Choosing EE and Capacity Context
Humanitarian- development nexus
9
Choosing EE and Capacity Context
Collaborative Behaviors
Building blocks Sector/SDGs
Service is:
• For all (inequalities are addressed)
• Safely managed (Quality, availability over time, are addressed)
• Satisfactory (participation/ accountability of users is assured)
Adopted Global Framework For Sector Wide Work
Policy & strategy
Institutional
arrangements
Financing
Planning,
monitoring, review
Capacity
development
Planning for EE Work in Pakistan
National, Regional and International
Events/Fora/Processes
11
Four Major Process Cycles
Joint Sector ReviewsAdvocacy
Media CampaignsGovernment Budget
Preparations
Harmonized
Planning for EE Work in Pakistan
12
Developing Concept for EE Work for UNICEF Pakistan
Mass Media Campaign
Monitor and
Report
Progress on
commitments
Harmonized Sector Coordination
Humanitarian-Development Continuum
Sector Studies/surveys (SC,
MICS, SDA
PSLM, GLAAS etc)
DIs
Community Campaigns
Creating EE needs Creativity
13Strong Political Leadership is starting Point in Creating EE
14
Consensus/Consultation around WASH EE
• Using SWA SMM Templates for Ministerial Dialogues in First SDG Workshop - July 2016
• Meetings and presentations to Key Sector partners – WaterAid
– Plan International
– World Bank
• Presentations to Provincial and Federal Government – Adjustments demanded for continuing work in
progress
• Training of Sector stakeholders on JSRs and WASHBAT – Guy Hutton – Oct 2016
15
Consensus/Consultation around WASH EE
• Sector Sustainability Check Study and Validation of Results Workshop – Aug 2016
• WASHBAT, sector reviews and annual provincial reviews of UNICEF Programmes involved provincial stakeholders – UNICEF has a fair idea but stakeholders involvement
builds ownership of process
• Periodic Sector Status Reports– Pakistan Country Paper for SACOSAN– Provincial WASH status presentations in PACOSAN– SWA commitments or Sector Overview report– GLAAS
16
Assessing Status of EE in Pakistan
• Advocacy for Institutional home for WASH at Federal Level prioritized – UNICEF Rep meeting Ministers – DED, RD, AD WASH met ministers and Pakistan’s special Rep.
UN HQ
• MoCC issued Guidelines to provinces for conducting annual JSRs, using WASHBAT– Annual provincial JSRs for Monitoring SDG Targets/Plans
• Coordinate Sector Evidence Generation among sector partners and Governments to facilitate informed participation in JSR
• Mass media campaign on WASH behaviors - MoCC
17
Implementing WASH EE
1. Conduct annual provincial JSRs using WASHBAT
2. Cost achievement of SDGs
3. Domesticate SDG Targets 6.1 and 6.2
4. Divide Targets in to interim bi-annual mini targets
5. Indicate sector financing needs for next two years
6. Review and align sector master plans with Plan-2030 and interim targets
7. Conduct annual JSRs
8. Engage in Advocacy for budgetary allocations (PF4C)
9. Collect data, Review progress and engage the political leadership in dialogue through National, Regional and International forums
18
Steps by Step Provincial EE Activities
Plan 2030 Target 6.1 and 6.2
2028
2026
2024
2022
2020
2018
Plan 2030 Target 6.1 and 6.2
2028
2026
2024
2022
2020
201820HLM 5
HLM 6
HLM 7
HLM 8
HLM 9
HLM 10
HLM 11
Plan 2030 Target 6.1 and 6.2
2028
2026
2024
2022
2020
201821HLM 5
HLM 6
HLM 7
HLM 8
HLM 9
HLM 10
SACOSAN 7
SACOSAN 8
SACOSAN 9
SACOSAN 10
SACOSAN 11
SACOSAN 12
SACOSAN 13HLM 11
Plan 2030 Target 6.1 and 6.2
2028
2026
2024
2022
2020
201822HLM 5
HLM 6
HLM 7
HLM 8
HLM 9
HLM 10
SACOSAN 7
SACOSAN 8
SACOSAN 9
SACOSAN 10
SACOSAN 11
SACOSAN 12
SACOSAN 13HLM 11
JSR6
JSR2
JSR3
JSR4
JSR5
JSR1
JSR7
• Broad Indicators e.g. Regular JSRs
• Provincial Reporting on SWA formats (4 CBs and 5 BBs) and consolidation in Sector Status Reports at National Level
• Monitoring SDG-6 especially Means of Implementation Indicators 6A and 6B
• Advocacy for Putting Framework for Monitoring SDG-6 in place – PBS Adopted regular national MICS every three years
– Census 2017 includes Key WASH Questions – Estimated baseline will be made accurate
– National Data ECOSYSTEM Adopts MICS-6• Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement (PSLM) survey
• National Nutrition Survey – 2017
• Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (PDHS) - expressed agreement23
Monitoring and Evaluating WASH EE
24
Key Challenges in EE
25
Key Challenges in EE
• Missing Regulator
• National and Provincial Policies are developed
26
Key Challenges in EE
• Outcome: WASH policies for HH & institutions backed by a Legal Framework
include national service norms ….. approved by cabinet
– Few provincial policies drafted in 2011 are yet not approved by the cabinets and outdated in terms of:-
• Safely Managed – SDGs perspective
• Rights perspective
– Little Legislative Framework and Actionable Plan/Strategy
• Way Forward:
– Policy revision under SDGs context
– More focus on ‘WASH Sector Master plans’ with X-sectoral linkages, approved by P&D – Facilitated/Reviewed in JSRs using WASHBAT and costing tool
– Legislative gap analysis and state bill on WASH rights27
Key Challenges in EE
• Ministries of Finance and Planning do not prioritize WASH among competing priorities
Trade-Education-Health-Power-Economic Growth
• Potent Federal and Provincial WASH ministries or as ‘Asian Tigers study’ by WA suggest, the MoH can help
• Way Forward:
– Advocacy for functional WASH unit in the ministry of Climate Change
28
Key Challenges in EE
• Instant results are not possible or sustainable
• EE work needs allocation of resources - HR & Time wise engagement of management
• Leaving Business as Usual is most difficult
• Engagement with parliamentarian – something to learn as an organization
• Engage ‘chambers of commerce’ to involve private sector investments
29
Lessons Learnt
Short Term Medium Term Long Term
Start Provincial JSRs –WASHBAT
Institutionalize JSRs to monitor progress on key bottlenecks
All key bottlenecks prioritized and removed
Localize SDG Targets -Costing tool
Facilitate sector financing strategies and engage in advocacy
Ownership and Achievement of targets
Complete diagnostic of Data Ecosystem for SDG-6
Monitor and report progress on SDG targets using government datasets
Government led Country data ecosystem to monitor progress on KPIs
Establish WASH Cell in MoCC
Functional WASH unit coordinating, reporting and guiding policy framework
Good governance of WASH sector at Federal and Provincial level
National, Regional and International priorities aligned under SDGs
Country systems aligned and used for achieving SDGs, one platform for mutual accountability
Political governments sets WASH sector agendas for development
Mass Media CampaignInstitutionalized with a board and secretariat
Sustained by campaign partners, advocates for PF4C and creation of Societal Social Norms around WASH
Sustainable WASH services
30
EE Future Plans