Abstract—In China, the methods of time-control, optical-control and time-optical-control are in common used to control street lamp, particularly in small and medium-sized cities. But due to the backward lighting control and administrative method, the precision is bad, and the result of work is also poor. Through many kinds of sensor combination sense environment's change, the multi-sensor exhibition can combinatory logically control the new intelligent street light controller system. And based on the degree of illumination control fixed time, in the automatic foundation fixed time, according to the multi-sensing exhibition survey data's special combination change, to control the street light nimbly; the system can also realize the automatic timing control, by pre-installing time to control street light switch and ultimately to control the street light time. Simultaneously the system can also realize the automatic sunshine control, which may act according to the actual determination of the sunlight degree of illumination and the degree of illumination control criterion and automatically control street light. On the basis of the merits of the regular control and the optical control, a new street smart controller is designed, with dual functions including timing control and automatic photoelectric control. It allows street lamps automatically lit in the evening, lighting the road for a few hours (adjustable time). After 0:00, when few vehicles or pedestrians go past, it turn off automatically. And terminal controller has wake-up function. After the street light turn out automatically, when the vehicles or pedestrians are going through, street light will be waken up by terminal controller. When the vehicles or pedestrians go past, the lights are off automatically. Design of new intelligent street light control system does not only achieve energy-saving power but also extend the service life of lighting equipment. Moreover, it is controllable, ease of maintenance. At the same time, it is helpful to highlight the festive and other characteristics, and ultimately make street light network, intelligence, humanity and art. An optimal configuration is reported. Finally, the results of experiment are obtained that: when a motor is closed to 15 meters, LED lights are on automatically. While people passed, the distance is proximity 10 meters.

I. INTRODUCTION here are a small number of streets in the town and the city before, street lamps and management control is

relatively simple, but as the country gradually come into a well-off society, and with the development of urbanization, the number of streets in the town increase rapidly. So the control and management of street lighting become problems.

Manuscript received October 30, 2009. This work was supported in part by the Students innovation projects fund of Taiyuan city (Item Number: 07010751).

1 Author is with the National Key Laboratory for Electronic Measurement Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China. E-mail: wuy@live.nuc.edu.cn , Tel.: +86-351-3922752

2 Author is with the Mechanical and Electronic Engineering College, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China

3 Author is with the Quartermaster Institute of the General Logistics Department of the PLA, Beijing, 100010, China

At present, street lamps control at most of the urban is only by manual control, a control switch set in each of the street lamps, it is the so-called first generation of the original street light control, which is inefficient and a waste of manpower, and cumbersome to operate street light opening and closing time. Or using optical-control method, set up optical control circuit, change the resistance by using of light-sensitive device to control street lamps light up automatically in the evening after dark, turn off automatically after dawn in the morning, but the low reliability of the method, vulnerable to interference, night street lighting is too bright and are a waste of energy and other issues [1]. The other is time-control method (that is, from time to time opening and closing control) [2], and time-optical-control [3] (that is, from time to time with light intensity control). This three street light control method can be attributed to the second generation of street light control. The second generation street light control method achieved automatic control of street light, thereby reducing the labor intensity and lowering labor costs and improving the efficiency of street lighting control. With the use of in-depth, but it also exposed a problem that it can not meet the needs of the growing street lamp information and intelligent management. The time of lighting is not only lack of precision, many street lights are controlled by using the mid-night lights strategy, energy-saving effect is poor. In short, the current street lighting strategy is simple and crude, lack of humane care of the car and human, can not achieve the sleep and wake-up call of the lamps in time, but some research for the city's festive lighting and landscaping is also rare. An urgent need to develop a high degree of information, to facilitate the realization of network-based, highly intelligent automatic control system of street lighting, which is the third generation of intelligent street light control systems.

II. A NEW TYPE OF INTELLIGENT CONTROL SYSTEMS Intelligent street light control system uses the latest

international intelligent street light energy-saving control technology [4]. Through multi-sensor array, such as sound, light, infrared, vibration and other sensors, collect background information of the street environmental, and through a variety of strategies to control street lights, such as clock etc. to achieve energy saving and environmental protection, green lighting and festive lighting. The purpose of joyful festive atmosphere can be achieved at the same time. Intelligent Street light control system can switch lights reasonably, regulates voltage according to degrees of shine

Design of New Intelligent Street Light Control System WU Yue 1, 2, SHI Changhong3, ZHANG Xianghong3, YANG Wei1

T

2010 8th IEEE International Conference onControl and AutomationXiamen, China, June 9-11, 2010

ThCP4.16

978-1-4244-5196-8/10/$26.00 ©2010 IEEE 1423

and runs in lower voltage in night .As a result, it saves electricity costs largely, prolongs the service life of street lamps and equipments, and saves labor costs of maintenance and materials significantly. By improving constitution of street light computer monitor system, working principle and function, intelligent street light control system adds different control maneuvers in different festival days .It also strengthen relevant energy saving technologies, highlight energy saving, environmental protection, control, ease of maintenance, festive, and other characteristics of the realization of intelligence, humanity and art in the new urban street light network.

III. HARDWARE OF NEW INTELLIGENT STREET LIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM

Public street light control and management system is made up of the computer network systems, communication systems and a number of spot intelligent control terminals. Each terminal control device provide power for one or more of the block street, every control terminal is called a sub-node. Light switches control is carried out by the two-way controlled silicon in control box. Terminal for the control of street blocks is two-distributed computer control system which is composed of host computer from the sub-node and host computer from central control room (master node) which offering operating of engineers and computer stations (as a central control room), which is shown in Figure 1.Its main completion is remote control, telemetry, remote hearing, failure analysis, data retrieval, system maintenance, electronic map display and print statements and other functions. As a contrast, sub-node computer is on-line real-time controlled, carries out remote communications, light switch and detection of current, voltage and other parameters. Three-tier control is used in node stations, the instructions from the main first node (the central control room)is priority for control, such as rainy days, holidays, air defense and other situations under which special instructions are issued. Secondly, sub-node computer control street light automatically. 100 calendar and calculating program is in the memory of sub-node computer .As long as the personnel run man-machine interface, and parameters such as the local latitude, the initial date and time of light switches are input, it can automatically correct the time according to local season and day-night changing to achieve automatic control from time to time without a manager within 100 years after the local section. Thirdly, sub-node is a photosensitive control computer, when the time has not been set by the system, or rechargeable batteries can not control the clock, then light works.

Public street light intelligent control and management system is made up of a PC and a number of sub-note components. PC is installed in the general management office of street lamp system, sub-node host computers are installed in the street management office (a transformer), and the guest computers are installed in every street lamp control box. PC bears general configuration of multimedia PC, with GPRS

communication interface and broadband network interface. Each of the sub-node computers is made up of a host computer and a number of guest modules. The host unit of PC and the sub-node computer use GPRS communications which is low-cost due to the use of billing data flow, however, the host unit and several guest units of sub-node computer use power line carrier communications.

The host machine of lower unit is shown in Figure 2,

composed of ATmega8 single-chip systems, and the GPRS communication interface module, carrier communication module, voltage acquisition unit, photoelectric conversion unit, keyboard and display unit, and other peripheral equipments. The host unit to deal with large amount of data required for the host unit to expand the storage system. Keyboard unit with a direct line to the mouth of the single-chip, the unit also needs the definition of "setting the address of the host unit," "set GPRS communication interface module parameter"," open the manual system to slip all the street lights (exceptional circumstances) "and" shut down the slip system for all street lamps (exceptional circumstances)

Communication module

Photoelectric conversion unit The main

single-chip system

Voltage conversion

unit

GPRS Interface Module

Keyboard unit

Display unit

Power Line

Figure 2 the host machine of lower unit

Broadband network

Host system

Printer GPRS Interface Module

Telecom Network

Figure 1 host system

ThCP4.16

1424

"function keys manually.

The slave machine of lower unit is shown in Figure 3.It is

composed of ATmega8 single-chip systems, and the current sensors, Media Converter, SSS (silicon symmetrical switch), communication module, and other peripherals. Slave unit hardware block diagram is shown in Figure 2, current sensor in the street light series circuit, output signal of current sensors and photoelectric conversion unit, after signal conditioning, following the receipt of the single-chip systems, the address encoding unit from the slave machine by a group of switch settings, the use of single-chip set of the mouth line. If there are many number of streets, the addresses of the slave machine are not enough, it can be expanded through the interface chip. The P15 mouth line of MCU can open and close the street through drive unit (including opt coupler solid state relay). The selection of communication module related to the stability of system performance. Through the interruption of communication module, the host microcontroller and the slave exchange information.

IV. SYSTEM WORKING PRINCIPLE The working principle for public street light intelligent

control and management system is that the host unit has received the GPRS packet from PC. After unpacking packet, according to the operator's request, distribute the address of slave machine unit and the command which turned on or off the relay, to the corresponding slave unit by communication module. Slave unit received, immediately implemented an order, and distribute the data to the host unit. the host unit received the data, then package the machine (that is the current slave machine) address, associated data (when the current value of the data back from the slave machine is less than a certain value, signs of the street light have been bad) and voltage value collected by the host unit, made up of the GPRS packet, distribute to PC machine. When all the street lights is turned on by the host unit, if the operator once again in accordance with the address size, order inspection made by the communication module to the corresponding slave unit

from the machine, if the unit can be received the correct information back from the machine, the host unit on the real-time display of this unit from the machine-related information, inspection order will be made by communications modules corresponding to the slave unit, if the received the correct information from the local unit returned, real-time display on the host unit from the local unit of information, not any data packets distribute to PC; Otherwise, only package the slave unit address from the machine (this shows that there are problems from the slave machine unit, such as: line circuit) made up of the GPRS packet, distribute to PC machine. In accordance with PC street light management system to print statements of the situation, the operator can all stay at home to know from the work of the various local slave units, and to understand the good and bad online street light. Save time and manpower to achieve the purpose, and can easily control the opening and the sleeping lights. The local unit collected the signal from optical sensors, the optical signal converter, and then conditioning the signal, filtering software for the current value of the photoelectric conversion data from the machine and stored in the memory unit. When the photoelectric conversion data of the slave unit collected more than a given value (that is, the light can), if in the absence of signals from the host unit, the slave unit will automatically turn off street lights relay; at this time if the signal is from the host unit, the host unit order to open the corresponding street light relay, and data collected by the communications module sent to the host unit; when the slave unit run, if received by the host unit sent a signal to the closed street once again, the slave machine will automatically turn off street lights.

V. SYSTEM SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE PC software contains the operating procedures such as a

major, a batch, all, part of the street lamp on or off, GPRS communications procedures (including data packing, unpacking), real-time display and print statements procedures, and other procedures. PC has the entire electronic geographic distribution map of the management street. Administrators can in real time on the computer screen to see the work state of each and every street light, and can easily control a single, single unit, single line of street lamps, and print their work, distribute data report to senior management through the broadband network.

The host machine of lower unit stored the entire addresses table from the local unit in memory within the host unit. First of all, scanning the keyboard, the keys pressed to implement the corresponding action; without key press, to see whether the GPRS packet over, the unpacking command will be implemented, carrier communication package for the new format of the data packets. According to the data information received from the slave unit, and then packing GPRS packet, distribute to PC. In exceptional cases, host unit can open or shut down all the street lights by hand.

Communication module

The slave single-chip system

TRIAC

Current transformation unit

Photoelectric conversion unit

Address coding unit

Power line

Voice of power conversion unit

Vibration power conversion unit

Figure 3 the slave machine system of lower unit

ThCP4.16

1425

The slave machine work flow chart of lower unit is shown in Figure 4, in accordance with the host unit demand, the main functions of slave unit is to open or close the streetlight, or inspection of the current value of sampling, and package sampling data back to the host unit.

VI. SLAVE UNIT WORKING PRINCIPLE In order to overcome the deficiencies of the circuit before,

through the sensor array sensing environmental changes, to control or wake-up call the street light, so that " When people (vehicles) come, the street lights are on; people (vehicles) go, lights out. " Automatic adjustment voltage in accordance with illumination, electricity costs can be saved, to extend the service life of lamps and equipment, significant savings in labor costs and maintenance costs and materials. Designed circuit shown in Figure 5:

VII. EXPERIMENT AND RESULTS The real environment is simulated by experiments, when

personnel or vehicles pass by, whether LED [5]-[9] lights can automatically illuminate at night. First, connect the power, intelligent controller and LED lamp arrays, light-control results are shown in Figure 6, and then disconnect the light control, test remote motor (analog vehicles) and movement of personnel respectively, and see if the effect of light control. When the motor works, which the distance of 15 meters away from the test location, LED lights begin lighting automatically, lighting effects are shown in Figure 7. People from long-distance move to the test location, when close to 10 meters, LED lights begin automatically lighting; lighting effects are shown in Figure 8. When proximity to 10 meters away from Testing location, the LED lights automatically switch off.

VIII. CONCLUSION By improving street lighting control computer system

composition, working principle and function, it can meet the increasing demand of the different holidays by different control strategies, and strengthen the relevant measures for energy-saving technologies, highlight characteristics such as energy-saving[10]-[15], environmental-protection, controllable, ease-maintenance and festive joyous characteristics, achieve

Start

Initialization port

More than a given value, to close the street relay

Initialization port

Communications are interrupted, interrupt handling

Compared with optoelectronic sampling and given numerical values

Figure 4 the work flow chart of the slave unit

Figure 5 Designed circuit

Figure 7 analog vehicles results

Figure 6 light-control results

Figure 8 analog personnel results

ThCP4.16

1426

new type city street lighting system network-based, intelligence, humanity and art characteristic. Compared with other control systems, it has better application prospects, especially easy to integrate itself with wind/photovoltaic-LED/fuel cell/solar energy system [17]-[18]. The system is reliable, complementary, anti-jamming ability, well-structured. If it is applied in large, medium and small cities and towns, communities and various types of campus, it will have considerable economic and social benefits.

REFERENCES [1] LIU Lianhao, A new street lamp controller design (J). Computing

Technology and Automation, 1997, (4):61-63 [2] ZHANG Liqun, Single-chip single board controller from time to time

in the street lamp factory control (J). Application of Energy Technologies, 1998, (4):33-34

[3] YU Xiao-xiang, HUANG Pei-wei. Intelligent Road Lamp Control System Based on Lonworks(J).Computer Technology and Development, 2007,(2):99-102

[4] Jeremy Lagorse, Damien Paire, Abdellatif Miraoui. Sizing optimization of a stand-alone street lighting system powered by a hybrid system using fuel cell, PV and battery (J). Renewable Energy, 2009, (34): 683-691

[5] Lighting research center. Available from: <http://www.lrc.rpi.edu/programs/NLPIP/lighting Answers /LED/life.asp>.

[6] Xu Jun, Peng Yonglong, Li Yabi. Study of Energy-saving Solar Street Light Using LED Based on MCU-controlled (J). Test & measurement technology. 2008, (10):29-31

[7] Guo Junzhao. Design of A Solar Power Controller for LED Lamp System (J). application technology and research.2009: 67-69

[8] TANG Xiao-ping Design of Intelligent Streetlamp Controller Based on ATmega64 (J).Ordnance Industry Automation. Vol.28.NO.5, May 2009, pp:73-80

[9] ZHOU Zhenhua, SHENG Zhanshi, CHEN Yaping, WANG Haitao. Design of Intelligent Street Lights Controller (J). Automation & Instrumentation. 2009, (11):48-52

[10] Duic Neven, Carvalho Maria Da Graca. Increasing renewable energy sources in island energy supply: case study porto santo. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2004, 8(4):383-99.

[11] Chedid R, Akiki H, Rahman S. A decision support technique for the design of hybrid solar-wind power systems. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 1998, 13(1):76-83.

[12] Das Debosmita, Esmaili Reza, Xu Longya, Nichols Dave. An optimal design of a grid connected hybrid wind/photovoltaic/fuel cell system for distributed energy production. In: IECON proceedings (industrial electronics conference); November 2005. p. 2499-2504.

[13] Koutroulis Eftichios, Kolokotsa Dionissia, Potirakis Antonis, Kalaitzakis Kostas. Methodology for optimal sizing of stand-alone photovoltaic/wind-generator systems using genetic algorithms. Solar Energy 2006, 80(9):1072-88.

[14] Senjyu Tomonobu, Hayashi Daisuke, Urasaki Naomitsu, Funabashi Toshihisa. Optimum configuration for renewable generating systems in residence using genetic algorithm. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 2006, 21(2):459-66.

[15] Dufo-Lopez Rodolfo, Bernal-Agustin Jose L, Contreras Javier. Optimization of control strategies for stand-alone renewable energy systems with hydrogen storage. Renewable Energy June 2007, 32:1102-26.

[16] Santarelli M, Pellegrino D. Mathematical optimization of a RES-H2 plant using a black box algorithm. Renewable Energy April 2005, 30:493-510.

[17] Chen Yaow-Ming, Lee Chien-Hsing, Wu Hsu-Chin. Calculation of the optimum installation angle for fixed solar-cell panels based on the genetic algorithm and the simulated-annealing method. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 2005, 20(2):467-73.

[18] Tiwari GN. Solar energy: fundamentals, design, modeling and applications. Narosa Publishing House; 2002.

ThCP4.16

1427