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Stillwater Area Schools
August 2015
Teaching to the Person:
Differentiating through Variety
Agenda• INTRODUCTION/CONTEXT– Introductory Activities & Conversation– Systemic Differentiation– Exploration of Learning Styles
• Designing for Variety– Experiential Framework– Action Planning
• CLOSING
Enduring Understandings
• Intentional and systematic variety in lesson planning can support a multiplicity of learning preferences
• Systemic differentiation is about planning for variety
Guiding Questions
• How do learning and learning styles/preferences intersect?
• How can educators support the vast diversity of ways students learn?
• What is the nature of powerful learning experiences?
Protocols
• Assume good intentions• Spinach in the teeth rule
(Ouch/Oops)• Right to Pass• Make it work for you• Others?
~ Howard Gardner
Empowerment: “Me”
Learning Styles or Preferences?
1. Reading texts or other printed material2. Writing term papers3. Participating in group activities in class4. Doing major team projects5. Doing cases/case studies6. Taking multiple choice exams7. Giving presentations to the class8. Learning about different theories9. Doing practical exercises10. Solving problems11. Doing library research12. Exercising a lot of creativity
Loo, R. (2004). Kolb’s learning styles and learningpreferences: Is there a linkage? Educational Psychology, 24 (1), 99-108.
“…weak relationships between assignment preferences and learning styles.”
“… recommends that faculty use a variety of learning methods in every class and that they encourage students to be receptive to different methods rather than equatingparticular approaches with their learning style.”
“… builds on Kolb’s notion that no one learning style is better than another.
Rather, skilled learners match styles to tasks and are not locked into their preferred style.”
Loo, R. (2004). Kolb’s learning styles and learningpreferences: Is there a linkage? Educational Psychology, 24 (1), 99-108.
A Few of the 70+ Learning Styles
• Visual, Auditory, Kinesthetic (VAK)
• Multiple Intelligences – Gardner
• Quadrants – LSI (Kolb), True Colors, 4Mat (McCarthy)
• Others?
Verbal/Linguistic• Like to write• Use words well when speaking• Enjoy telling stories and jokes• Have a good memory for names, places, dates, and
other information• Enjoy reading• Like poems, puns, and tongue twisters• Like word activities like Scrabble®, anagrams,
crossword, puzzles, and so on• Like to speak in front of groups• Find it easy to explain ideas to others• Often contact friends through notes and letters
Logical/Mathematical• Think things out clearly• Can do math in head• Enjoy using computers• Like chess and checkers• Like to do experiments• Like working on thinking puzzles• Keep things neat and orderly• Like step-by-step directions• Like structure• Find it easy to solve problems
Visual/Spatial• Like pictures and other visuals• See pictures in mind when thinking• Like mazes, jigsaw puzzles, and Lego® blocks• Enjoy drawing and designing things• Like maps and charts• Daydream a lot• Like creating art using different tools: chalk, paint, or
markers• Like to rearrange a room• Like watching plays, musicals, and other performances• Can remember the way a room looks and feels
Musical/Rhythmic• Enjoy music a lot• Often sing, hum, or whistle songs to themselves• Play musical instrument or sing in a choir• Hear sounds others may miss-birds, crickets, bells in the
distance• Like to have music playing all the time• Find it hard to concentrate while listening to the radio
or TV• Have good rhythm to music• Like the rhythms of poetry• Like musicals better than dramatic plays• Find it easy to remember words of songs
Bodily/Kinesthetic• Cleverly mimic other people’s movements and
behaviors• Enjoy taking part in sports• Like to dance, act, do aerobics, martial arts, or mime• Move a lot when sitting on a chair• Like physical activities such as hiking, swimming,
biking, or skating• Good with woodworking, sewing, or carving• Enjoy making things with hands• Like working with tools• Find it hard to sit still for long periods• Enjoy arts and crafts
Interpersonal• Am a leader in the neighborhood or school• Understand people very well• Have a lot of friends• Like to be with people• Try to solve disputes• Enjoy group games and/or group events• Care a lot about people and their feelings• Learn and perform best when working with
others• Dislike working alone• Like belonging to clubs and other groups
Intrapersonal• Am deeply aware of inner feelings and thoughts• Have strong personality and will• Like to work on projects alone• Seem to live in own private, inner world• Have self-confidence• Act very different in style ofdress and behavior• Put out a lot ofeffort when I believe in
something• Like to be involved in causes that help others• Am very aware ofwhat I believe• Believe that fairness is very important
Naturalist• Care deeply about animals• When outside, closely notice sky, clouds, and
plants• Enjoy growing plants• Like collecting rocks and seashells• Like going to the beach or walking in the woods• Like to watch fish in an aquarium for a long time• Care very much about the environment and
endangered species• Believe it is very important to recycle• Enjoy hiking and camping• Spend a lot of time outdoors
Existential• Enjoy looking at the stars at night and thinking about
how everything Hts together• Frequently think about the signifcance of my own life and
my impact on others• Enjoy reading certain kinds of philosophy, religious, or
spiritual literature• Like to figure out how things relate to each other• Sometimes have trouble focusing on details• Like to think about why things happen as they do• Like to read and learn about the meaning oflife• Ask lots of questions that start with “Why?" and “How?”• Wonder a lot about why people die• Like to listen to sermons, discuss deep subjects, or both
Designing for Variety
FRONT INTEGRATIVE SENSORY
BACK INTEGRATIVE
MOTOR
ZULL’S MODEL OF THE CONNECTION BETWEEN BRAIN FUNCTION AND HUMAN LEARNING
Gathering Information
Reflection/Observation
Creation of New Concepts
Active Testing
Leaning PairsOr
Scales
What did you have to do to maintain
balance?
Homeostasis DefinitionConcept Map of human body
Examples
Concept: Homeostasis
HOMEOSTASIS
Context: Balance
Leaning PairsOr
Scales
What did you have to do to maintain
balance?
Homeostasis DefinitionConcept Map of human body
Examples
Concept: Homeostasis
HOMEOSTASIS
Context:Balance
Research Examples• Human body: body temperature, glucose
concentration, calcium levels, fluid volume• Ecosystems: carrying capacity, predator-prey
relationships, biodiversity, case study of a species, overcrowding, habitat degradation
• Agriculture: Effects of monoculture• Sustainability: Human influence, changing
conditions on…• Mental Health: Balance, stagnation, and growth
Leaning PairsOr
Scales
What did you have to do to maintain
balance?
Homeostasis DefinitionConcept Map of human body
Examples
Research Homeostatic Relationships
Present findings
Concept: Homeostasis
HOMEOSTASIS
Context:Balance
Multiple Intelligence Inventory
Human Bar Graph
Teaching of different types of graphs: Bar, Line, Pie…Chart your own MI
1. 2. Determine something of which you would like to observe the frequency, number or amount. Create two different graphs.
Concept: Graphing
Graphing
Context:MI + Human
Bar graph