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User Interface ResponsivenessInstantaneousImmediateContinuousCaptive
Steve Seow | User Researcher | Microsoft Surface
Rajesh Kalidindi | User Researcher | Microsoft IT
InfoCamp 2009
About Steve… Academic: Experimental
Psychology Human Timing, Time
Perception, Human-Computer Interaction
Professional: User Researcher Microsoft Surface
Spare time: Author Designing and Engineering
Time
About Rajesh… Academic:
Economics, PG in Computer Applications Certified Usability Analyst
Professional: User Researcher Microsoft IT
Spare time: Observe
Overview…
Barnabus EffectDefining ResponsivenessClasses of Responsiveness
The Barnabus Effect…
Clip 1
Clip 2
The Barnabus Effect…
1.WYSMNBWYG:- What you see may not be what
you get!
2. Your brain plays tricks on you all the time!… so don’t trust your brain!
Scholarly note: Look up Attenuation Hypothesis
The Barnabus Effect…
relsponlsivelnessdefining...
relsponlsivelnessthe ability of a system to respond to user input and process internal operations without undue delay.
Responsiveness is…
1. relative to the interaction in question
• Reflex < Reaction < Verbal Acknowledgment• Key press < Local search < Large Data download
2. subjectively perceived & interpreted
• A two-hour documentary = boring or captivating?• Two-hour virus scan = good or bad?
3. non-exclusive in its form• Street signs : Landmarks, structures, etc.• Notification: HDD thrashing, LED blinking, etc.
0.1 sec Key Response (1472) Perceptual Processing (C)Instantaneous system response (M)Response to menu selection by key (ESD)
0.2 sec Key Print (1472)Max for displayed feedback in normal data entry (ESD)Pointing (from input to display) and Sketching (1472)
0.5 sec Min for simple data request, next page (ESD)Page Scan (1472)Local database update (1472)
1 sec Page Turn (1472) Immediate Response (C)Max for simple data request, next page (ESD)Max for no feedback (M)
2 sec Max for simple data entry (ESD)Min for error messages (278) Error feedback (1472)Response to selection of command (1472)Non-local database update (1472)
4 sec Max for error messages (ESD)
10 sec Max limit for keeping focus on task (M)Unit Task (C)
Industry Standards
1472 = MLT-STD-1472F
C = Card et al (1990)
ESD = ESD/MITRE
M = Miller (1968)
Metric A Interaction A
Metric B Interaction B
Metric C Interaction C
Interaction CVersion 2.0
?
Metric Interaction
User Expectancy
Interaction
Interaction
Metric Interaction
0.1 sec Key Response (1472) Perceptual Processing (C)Instantaneous system response (M)Response to menu selection by key (ESD)
0.2 sec Key Print (1472)Max for displayed feedback in normal data entry (ESD)Pointing (from input to display) and Sketching (1472)
0.5 sec Min for simple data request, next page (ESD)Page Scan (1472)Local database update (1472)
1 sec Page Turn (1472) Immediate Response (C)Max for simple data request, next page (ESD)Max for no feedback (M)
2 sec Max for simple data entry (ESD)Min for error messages (278) Error feedback (1472)Response to selection of command (1472)Non-local database update (1472)
4 sec Max for error messages (ESD)
10 sec Max limit for keeping focus on task (M)Unit Task (C)
0.1 sec Key Response (1472) Perceptual Processing (C)Instantaneous system response (M)Response to menu selection by key (ESD)
0.2 sec Key Print (1472)Max for displayed feedback in normal data entry (ESD)Pointing (from input to display) and Sketching (1472)
0.5 sec Min for simple data request, next page (ESD)Page Scan (1472)Local database update (1472)
1 sec Page Turn (1472) Immediate Response (C)Max for simple data request, next page (ESD)Max for no feedback (M)
2 sec Max for simple data entry (ESD)Min for error messages (278) Error feedback (1472)Response to selection of command (1472)Non-local database update (1472)
4 sec Max for error messages (ESD)
10 sec Max limit for keeping focus on task (M)Unit Task (C)
0.1 sec Key Response (1472) Perceptual Processing (C)Instantaneous system response (M)Response to menu selection by key (ESD)
0.2 sec Key Print (1472)Max for displayed feedback in normal data entry (ESD)Pointing (from input to display) and Sketching (1472)
0.5 sec Min for simple data request, next page (ESD)Page Scan (1472)Local database update (1472)
1 sec Page Turn (1472) Immediate Response (C)Max for simple data request, next page (ESD)Max for no feedback (M)
2 sec Max for simple data entry (ESD)Min for error messages (278) Error feedback (1472)Response to selection of command (1472)Non-local database update (1472)
4 sec Max for error messages (ESD)
10 sec Max limit for keeping focus on task (M)Unit Task (C)
0.1 sec Key Response (1472) Perceptual Processing (C)Instantaneous system response (M)Response to menu selection by key (ESD)
0.2 sec Key Print (1472)Max for displayed feedback in normal data entry (ESD)Pointing (from input to display) and Sketching (1472)
0.5 sec Min for simple data request, next page (ESD)Page Scan (1472)Local database update (1472)
1 sec Page Turn (1472) Immediate Response (C)Max for simple data request, next page (ESD)Max for no feedback (M)
2 sec Max for simple data entry (ESD)Min for error messages (278) Error feedback (1472)Response to selection of command (1472)Non-local database update (1472)
4 sec Max for error messages (ESD)
10 sec Max limit for keeping focus on task (M)Unit Task (C)
0.1 sec Key Response (1472) Perceptual Processing (C)Instantaneous system response (M)Response to menu selection by key (ESD)
0.2 sec Key Print (1472)Max for displayed feedback in normal data entry (ESD)Pointing (from input to display) and Sketching (1472)
0.5 sec Min for simple data request, next page (ESD)Page Scan (1472)Local database update (1472)
1 sec Page Turn (1472) Immediate Response (C)Max for simple data request, next page (ESD)Max for no feedback (M)
2 sec Max for simple data entry (ESD)Min for error messages (278) Error feedback (1472)Response to selection of command (1472)Non-local database update (1472)
4 sec Max for error messages (ESD)
10 sec Max limit for keeping focus on task (M)Unit Task (C)
0.1 sec Key Response (1472) Perceptual Processing (C)Instantaneous system response (M)Response to menu selection by key (ESD)
0.2 sec Key Print (1472)Max for displayed feedback in normal data entry (ESD)Pointing (from input to display) and Sketching (1472)
0.5 sec Min for simple data request, next page (ESD)Page Scan (1472)Local database update (1472)
1 sec Page Turn (1472) Immediate Response (C)Max for simple data request, next page (ESD)Max for no feedback (M)
2 sec Max for simple data entry (ESD)Min for error messages (278) Error feedback (1472)Response to selection of command (1472)Non-local database update (1472)
4 sec Max for error messages (ESD)
10 sec Max limit for keeping focus on task (M)Unit Task (C)
0.1 to 0.2 sec Instantaneous
0.5 to 1 sec Immediate
2 to 5 sec Continuous
7 to 10 sec Captive
Range of maximumacceptable response time
What users expect
classes ofrelsponlsivelness
introducing...
1. Instantaneous (< 0.1 – 0.2 sec)• Users Expect: Instantaneous behavior• Analogy: System’s Nerves, Senses, etc.• R.o.T: Anything that mimics physical objects• Examples: Key-press, GUI button press, etc.
RoT: Rule of Thumb
2. Immediate (< .5 – 1 sec)• Users Expect: Acknowledgement• Analogy: Reflexes, Simple Reaction• R.o.T: “No-brainer”* operations• Examples: panning, zooming, viewing “processed” or ready* data
* = as perceived by users!
3. Continuous (< 2 – 5 sec)• Users Expect: Uninterrupted Flow• Analogy: Thinking Time, “Calculated” Reaction• R.o.T: Periodic progress update, error messages • Examples: error messages, time-outs, progress indication
4. Captive (< 7 – 10 sec)• Users Expect: NOT to be held hostage or stay idle• Analogy: System Elevator Pitch• R.o.T: Attention Span• Examples: Downloading, Delivery of consumable information (status, etc.)
1. Not mathematical model based on a continuum of “slow to fast”, letter grade-assignment, etc.• 0 to 1: Superfast. • 1 to 2: Fast. • >2 Slow!
2. Psychological, empirical model based on what users expect.• So “gaps” are possible (0.1 to 0.2, 0.5
to 1)• Even overlaps could have been
possible!
Responsiveness Classes
Summary
1. Defining Responsiveness Relative Subjective Non-Exclusive
2. Classes of Responsiveness Instantaneous Immediate Continuous Captive
Thank you! More Info?
Steve - [email protected] Rajesh - [email protected]
Blog - http://blogs.msdn.com/time Book - Designing and Engineering Time Web - www.Engineering Time.com Handout: UI Timing Cheatsheet
