Steps in Aerobic RespirationSteps in Aerobic Respiration An animal eats food An animal eats food

containing sugarcontaining sugar

Energy from glucose Energy from glucose is used to make a is used to make a valuable chemical valuable chemical called ATPcalled ATP Mitochondria Mitochondria

enzymes begin the enzymes begin the breakdown of sugarbreakdown of sugar

Energy is released Energy is released from glucose in from glucose in many small steps.many small steps.

Cells gets rid of Cells gets rid of waste: Hwaste: H220 and CO0 and CO22

ATP is used to ATP is used to power all of the cells power all of the cells activitiesactivities

Steps in Lactic Acid Steps in Lactic Acid FermentationFermentation

An animal cell releases An animal cell releases lactic acid as a wastelactic acid as a waste

Energy from glucose Energy from glucose is used to make a is used to make a valuable chemical valuable chemical called ATPcalled ATP An animal burns An animal burns

sugar without sugar without oxygenoxygen

Muscles get sore Muscles get sore (fatigue) if lactic (fatigue) if lactic acid levels go up.acid levels go up.

An animal runs out An animal runs out of oxygen and can of oxygen and can no longer do aerobic no longer do aerobic respirationrespiration

ATP is used to ATP is used to power all of the cells power all of the cells activitiesactivities

Steps in Lactic Acid Steps in Lactic Acid FermentationFermentation

An animal cell An animal cell releases lactic acid releases lactic acid as a wasteas a waste

Energy from glucose Energy from glucose is used to make a is used to make a valuable chemical valuable chemical called ATPcalled ATP

An animal burns An animal burns sugar without sugar without oxygenoxygen

Muscles get sore Muscles get sore (fatigue) if lactic (fatigue) if lactic acid levels go up.acid levels go up.

An animal runs out An animal runs out of oxygen and can of oxygen and can no longer do aerobic no longer do aerobic respirationrespiration

ATP is used to ATP is used to power all of the cells power all of the cells activitiesactivities

Steps in Making Dannon Steps in Making Dannon YogurtYogurt

Milk is warmed to 80 degrees so Milk is warmed to 80 degrees so that Lactobacillus bacteria will that Lactobacillus bacteria will multiply rapidlymultiply rapidly

Milk is warmed to 140 Milk is warmed to 140 degrees for 1 hour, degrees for 1 hour, killing bacteria killing bacteria (Pasteurization)(Pasteurization)

A special bacterium A special bacterium (Lactobacillus) is added (Lactobacillus) is added to milkto milk

Yogurt is packaged so Yogurt is packaged so no new bacteria can no new bacteria can enter; product is enter; product is refrigerated and refrigerated and delivereddelivered

Bacteria respire without Bacteria respire without oxygen, releasing lactic oxygen, releasing lactic acid, which curdles milkacid, which curdles milk

Whole milk is delivered Whole milk is delivered from cow to yogurt from cow to yogurt factoryfactory

Steps in Making Dannon Steps in Making Dannon YogurtYogurt

Milk is warmed to 80 degrees so Milk is warmed to 80 degrees so that Lactobacillus bacteria will that Lactobacillus bacteria will multiply rapidlymultiply rapidly

Milk is warmed to 140 Milk is warmed to 140 degrees for 1 hour, degrees for 1 hour, killing bacteria killing bacteria (Pasteurization)(Pasteurization)

A special bacterium A special bacterium (Lactobacillus) is added (Lactobacillus) is added to milkto milk

Yogurt is packaged so Yogurt is packaged so no new bacteria can no new bacteria can enter; product is enter; product is refrigerated and refrigerated and delivereddelivered

Bacteria respire without Bacteria respire without oxygen, releasing lactic oxygen, releasing lactic acid, which curdles milkacid, which curdles milk

Whole milk is delivered Whole milk is delivered from cow to yogurt from cow to yogurt factoryfactory

Steps in Alcohol FermentationSteps in Alcohol Fermentation

Yeast release alcohol Yeast release alcohol and COand CO22 waste waste

Yeast runs out of Yeast runs out of oxygen and can no oxygen and can no longer do aerobic cell longer do aerobic cell respirationrespiration

Yeast burn sugar Yeast burn sugar without oxygenwithout oxygen

Yeast dies if the Yeast dies if the alcohol level reaches alcohol level reaches about 12%about 12%

Energy released from Energy released from sugar is used to make a sugar is used to make a valuable cell chemical, valuable cell chemical, ATP.ATP.

ATP is used to power ATP is used to power all of the cell’s activitiesall of the cell’s activities

Steps in Alcohol FermentationSteps in Alcohol Fermentation

Yeast release alcohol Yeast release alcohol and COand CO22 waste waste

Yeast runs out of Yeast runs out of oxygen and can no oxygen and can no longer do aerobic cell longer do aerobic cell respirationrespiration

Yeast burn sugar Yeast burn sugar without oxygenwithout oxygen

Yeast dies if the Yeast dies if the alcohol level reaches alcohol level reaches about 12%about 12%

Energy released from Energy released from sugar is used to make a sugar is used to make a valuable cell chemical, valuable cell chemical, ATP.ATP.

ATP is used to power ATP is used to power all of the cell’s activitiesall of the cell’s activities

Steps in Making Beer or WineSteps in Making Beer or Wine

Yeast release alcohol Yeast release alcohol and COand CO22 waste waste

Water, sugar and Water, sugar and flavorings are added to flavorings are added to an open containeran open container

Yeast is added to the Yeast is added to the container and the container and the container is closedcontainer is closed

Yeast dies and is Yeast dies and is filtered out of the filtered out of the container. The container. The remaining liquid is remaining liquid is aged to improve flavor.aged to improve flavor.

Energy released from Energy released from sugar is used to make a sugar is used to make a valuable cell chemical, valuable cell chemical, ATP.ATP.

Yeast burns sugar Yeast burns sugar without oxygenwithout oxygen