60 Capsules per Bottle

StemEnhance is the first-ever natural Adult Stem Cell Enhancer. It is the only nutritional supplement proven to support the natural release of adult stem cells from the bone marrow. StemEnhance is a patented blend of two proprietary botanical concentrates of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (including Mobilin®).

What StemEnhance Does:A double-blind study published in the highly respected journal, Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine demonstrated that the consumption of just 1 gram (2 capsules) of StemEnhance increased the number of circulating adult stem cells by an average of 3 million more circulating adult stem cells!

Potential UsersStemEnhance is safely enjoyed by men, women and children. It is highly recommended for those seeking optimal health and optimal fitness and performance.

100% Black - c =0, m=0, y=o, k=5

100% Black 0r c =0, m=0, y=o, k=100

c =0, m=0, y=o, k=5

100% Black or c=0, m=0, y=o, k=100 - PANTONE 2654 C or c =40, m=36, y=o, k=5

Product Fact Sheet

FEATURES BENEFITS

Proven adult stem cell enhancer Supports the natural release of adult stem cells from the bone marrow. StemEnhance increased the number of circulating adult stem cells by an average of 3 million more circulating adult stem cells.

Aphanizomenon Flos-aquae (AFA) 100% natural botanical ingredient. AFA has been consumed for over 3 decades for its nutrient dense properties.

Proprietary concentrate Nutrient dense concentrate containing proprietary components including Mobilin™

Mobilin™ L-selectin blocker/ligand. Supports adult stem cell release.

Copyright © 2011 Stemtech International, Inc. Rev. 2011

FAQ’SHow does an increase in the number of circulating adult stem cells lead to optimal health?Stem cells form the core of body’s natural renewal system. When circulating, adult stem cells are signaled by organs and tissues in need. They migrate into the tissue, reproduce and transform themselves into healthy cells of that tissue.

How is StemEnhance® different from whole AFA?StemEnhance is a patented concentrate of AFA that concentrates the beneficial organic compounds found in whole AFA, including Mobilin™. StemEnhance is scientifically proven to support an increase in the number of naturally released circulating adult stem cells.

Does StemEnhance help with any specific health condition?StemEnhance is a nutritional supplement, not a medication. It is not intended to be used to diagnose or treat any disease or illness. Results of scientific studies indicate that increasing the number of circulating adult stem cells is a key factor in maintaining optimal health.

Can a person of any age take StemEnhance?Yes, just follow the directions on the label and do so under adult supervision.

For a comprehensive list of FAQs, go to: http://www.stemtech.com/FAQ_sub.aspx

USAGETake 2 capsules orally, 1 to 2 times daily.

FoR yoUR INFoRmATIoNVegan 2 part capsule

No sugar, artificial colors, artificial flavors, soy, dairy, yeast, or preservatives

Certifications: Kosher, Halal, Organic AFA

Vitamin K in StemEnhance: Like many foods, StemEnhance contains naturally occurring vitamin K. Two capsules have approximately 40 mcg of vitamin K (equals about 1/2 cup of chopped brocolli).

Label statement: Consult your physician if pregnant or nursing. (Many products carry such warnings out of an abundance of caution rather than any known pregnancy risk. We know of no evidence that consuming StemEnhance during pregnancy creates a health risk.)

Naturally occurring iodine: Unlike most algae, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA) has only a small amount of iodine, 0.39 mcg per gram. In comparison, one slice of bread has about 6 mcg.

PEA: StemEnhance contains a naturally occurring compound known as Phenylethylamine (PEA). PEA is naturally produced by the brain and known to support mood and mental energy. PEA is made by the brain whenever one feels content and happy; it has been described as the “molecule of joy”.

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

For more Information:Product brochures Websites: stemtech.com and stemsport.com Weekly conference calls: Tues 6pm and 7pm Pacific(see website for dial-in numbers)

INGREDIENTS / LABEL

100% Black - c =0, m=0, y=o, k=5

100% Black 0r c =0, m=0, y=o, k=100

c =0, m=0, y=o, k=5

100% Black or c=0, m=0, y=o, k=100 - PANTONE 2654 C or c =40, m=36, y=o, k=5

Barcode

StemEnhanceLabel_092010-1.indd 1 11/9/10 3:04 PM

RESEARCH/REPoRTS/ARTICLESVisit www.stemtechbiz.com/study.aspx - contains links to:National Library of Medicine’s PubMed database: Mobilization of human CD34+ CD133+ and CD34+ CD133(-) stem cells in vivo by consumption of an extract from Aphanizomenon flos-aquae--related to modulation of CXCR4 expression by an L-selectin ligand?

Study summary: “A novel cyanobacterial ligand for human L-selectin extracted from Aphanizomenon flos aquae – potential role for stem cell biology in vitro and in vivo?”

CHRISTIAN DRAPEAU, HUAIYU MA, ZHIJIAN YANG, LI TANG, ROBERT M. HOFFMAN and DAVID J. SCHAEF-FER (2009) The Stem Cell Mobilizer StemEnhance® Does Not Promote Tumor Growth in an Orthotopic Model of Human Breast Cancer. ANTICANCER RESEARCH 29: 443-448.

Sabelli HC and Javaid JI (1995) Phenylethylamine modulation of affect: therapeutic and diagnostic implications. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 7(1): 6-14.

Product Fact Sheet

Click on image to listen to interview:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo effects of

StemEnhance™, an extract from Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA) enriched for a novel

ligand for human L-selectin, on stem

cell physiology. L-selectin is a cell

adhesion molecules involved in cellular

migration, cellular adhesion, and the

retention versus release of bone marrow

stem cells into the blood circulation.

Stimulation of L-selectin leads to the

externalization of pre-formed CXCR4

chemokine receptors, which are specific

for the chemokine Stromal Derived

Factor-1 (SDF-1) (Figure 1). Binding to

SDF-1 to CXCR4 leads to the

externalization of adhesion molecules that anchor the stem cell in the bone marrow.

SDF-1 acts as a potent attractant for stem cells and therefore assists in retaining stem

cells within the bone marrow environment.

It was demonstrated that any interference with the CXCR4/SDF-1 axis is one of several

contributing mechanisms involved in the release of stem cells from the bone marrow.

Therefore, any compound that interferes with CXCR4 or SDF-1 has the potential of

acting as a stem cell mobilizer.

A novel cyanobacterial ligand for human L-selectin extracted from Aphanizomenon flos aquae –

potential role for stem cell biology in vitro and in vivo?

Introduction

Figure 1

There are many ways to support stem cell mobilization. For example, Granulocyte

Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF), the natural compound in the body stimulating stem

cell mobilization works at least in part by raising the level of specific proteolytic enzymes

that degrade SDF-1, thereby disrupting the CXCR4/SDF-1 axis. Other compounds such

as AMD-3100 promote stem cell mobilization by blocking CXCR4, once again

disrupting the CXCR4/SDF-1 axis. Finally, L-selectin blockers reduce the density of

CXCR4 on the surface of the stem cells’ membrane, thereby down-regulating the

CXCR4/SDF-1 axis. Due to the physiological processes involved in each of these

mechanisms of action, the mobilizations triggered by each of these mechanisms show

different magnitude, time of onset, and duration. Mobilization triggered by G-CSF and

AMD-3100 begins within a few days, last for a few days and can lead to an increase in

the number of circulating stem cells by up to 100-fold. Conversely, mobilization

triggered by L-selectin blockers is more transient and of a much lesser magnitude. The

mobilization observed after consumption of StemEnhance was rapid, transient and mild,

therefore we hypothesized that AFA contained an L-selectin blocker.

AFA contains a ligand for human L-selectin

In order to determine whether AFA contained

an L-selectin ligand (binding molecule),

paramagnetic Dynabeads coated with human

L-selectin were incubated with a water extract

of AFA (AFA-W) (Figure 2). After

incubation, Dynabeads were washed and any

bound material from the AFA extract was

detached from the L-selectin molecules and

run on gel-electrophoresis.

Methods & Results

Figure 2

This process revealed that AFA

contains an L-selectin ligand that

appears to be a dimer made of two

proteins having apparent molecular

weights of 57 and 54 kDa respectively

(Figure 3).

Using the same protocol on Spirulina,

it was determined that Spirulina does

not contain an L-selectin ligand.

AFA-W specifically reduces TQ1 immunostaining of L-selectin on human PMN cells

L-selectin possesses one specific binding site whose activation leads to the

externalization of CXCR4. In order to determine whether the L-selectin ligand present in

AFA was binding to the active binding site of L-selectin, we tested the effect of AFA-W

on the binding properties of TQ1 anti-human L-selectin monoclonal antibody. TQ1 is an

antibody that specifically binds to the physiological active binding site of L-selectin.

Incubation of lymphocytes with AFA-W reduced the binding of TQ1 by approximately

50-fold, indicating that the AFA L-selectin ligand does bind to the active binding site of

L-selectin.

AFA-W inhibits the fucoidan-induced CXCR4 expression on CD34+ cells from bone marrow

It was important to determine whether the L-selectin ligand found in AFA was a

stimulant or an inhibitor of L-selectin. We know that stimulation of L-selectin leads to an

increase in the externalization of CXCR4, which can be quantified by measuring the

density of CXCR4 receptors on the surface of stem cells. Incubation of bone marrow

stem cells with AFA-W did not have any effect on CXCR4 density, indicating that the

AFA L-selectin ligand was not a stimulant of L-selectin (Figure 4; green line).

Figure 3

To investigate whether the ligand was a blocker of L-selectin we tested the effect of

AFA-W on fucoidan-induced increase in CXCR4 density (Figure 4). Fucoidan is a

sulfated polysaccharide known to stimulate L-selectin. Fucoidan triggered an 8-fold

increase in CXCR4 density (blue line) which was inhibited (≈50%) by incubation with

AFA-W (red line). Therefore, AFA contains a blocker of L-selectin.

Consumption of StemEnhance™ resulted in a transient increase of circulating

CD34+ cells.

As previously described in the scientific literature, L-selectin blockers have the potential

of being effective stem cell mobilizers by modulating the CXCR4/SDF-1 axis.

Therefore, we tested the mobilizing ability of the AFA L-selectin ligand in humans.

Using a double-blind cross-over paradigm, the level of circulating CD34+ stem cells was

compared in 15 individuals before and after ingestion of 1 gram of StemEnhanceTM or

placebo. StemEnhanceTM (StemTech HealthSciences, Inc., CA) is a proprietary blend of

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 15 30 45 60Time (min)

UntreatedFucoidanFucoidan w ith AFAAFA Alone

CXC

R-4

Exp

ress

ion

(MFI

)

Figure 4

the cytoplasmic and cell wall-rich fractions of the whole plant biomass, enriched

approximately 5-fold in content of the L-selectin ligand compared to the raw AFA

biomass.

Consumption of StemEnhanceTM

resulted in a 25 ± 1% increase in the

number of circulating stem cells at 60

minutes (p< 0.0001) (Figure 5). The

number of circulating CD34+ stem cells

returned to baseline level around 3-4

hours after consumption. This was in

contrast to placebo, which resulted in

only minor fluctuations of the levels of

CD34+ cells in the blood circulation over

2 hours.

In order to test the repeatability of the effect of

consumption of StemEnhanceTM on the levels of

CD34+ cells in the peripheral blood, 16 separate

experiments were performed on one volunteer.

The average increase in the number of circulating

stem cells was 53 ± 16%, with a median of 36%

and a highest and lowest increase of 233% and -

4%, respectively (Figure 6).

Figure 6

90%

100%

110%

120%

130%

0 30 60 90 120

% o

f Sta

rt

Time (min)

p<0.0001125%

Figure 5

Dietary strategies for supporting stem cell biology represent an emerging field of

nutritional and medical research. The cyanobacterium AFA has been studied for its anti-

oxidant properties and immuno-modulatory effects both in human and in vitro. AFA

contains a number of compounds that have been subject to much research, including the

potent antioxidant phycocyanin, a complex polysaccharide with potent immuno-

modulatory properties, and the neuromodulator phenylethylamine responsible for the

experience of mental energy reported by consumers.

It is reported here that AFA also contains a novel compound that specifically binds to the

ligand-binding area of human L-selectin. It is composed of two subunits with apparent

molecular weight around 54-57 kDa. This ligand for human L-selectin, obtained from

AFA water extract, was able to modulate the functional response on human lymphocytes

in vitro. The expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4, which is induced by the

known L-selectin ligand fucoidan, was down-regulated when fucoidan and AFA water

extract were added simultaneously, indicating that the L-selectin ligand from AFA was

competing with fucoidan for binding to L-selectin.

A double-blinded placebo-controlled cross-over study showed that consumption of

StemEnhanceTM resulted in a small but significant increase in the number of circulating

CD34+ stem cells, peaking at 1 hour after consumption. The effect was statistically

significant (p<0.0001). There is however a significant fluctuation from one day to

another in the effect of StemEnhanceTM or in the ability to quantify the effect accurately.

Therefore, in order to test the nature of this fluctuation, we tested one individual on 16

different experimental days. The increase in the number of circulating stem cells after

consumption of StemEnhance™ averaged 52 ± 16% and varied greatly from 96% to

333% of baseline value. Interestingly, the average response in the one individual tested

repeatedly and the average response to StemEnhance™ in the double-blind randomized

study involving 12 people were similar, indicating the relative consistency of the

response and that the double-blind trial may in fact have understated the effect of

Discussion

StemEnhanceTM.

Recent studies have put in evidence the potential role of stem cell mobilizers in the

maintenance of optimal health. Recently, a number of studies concluded that the level of

circulating CD34+ stem cells was a good indicator of health.

1

It was shown that stem cells released from the bone marrow can migrate into injured

tissues, supporting the process of tissue repair. In this process, the number of circulating

stem cells was shown to be a critical factor. In a number of studies addressing various

health conditions, higher numbers of circulating stem cells have been associated with

greater health. An increase in the number of circulating stem cells was shown to improve

various health conditions.

Based on this information, it was claimed that the natural stem cell mobilizer

StemEnhance had the ability to support optimal health by increasing the number of

circulating stem cells. StemEnhance is an extract from the aquatic botanical

Aphanizomenon flos-aquae that was shown in a double-blind crossover study to increase

the number of circulating stem cells by 25-30%.

This study was aimed at confirming the effect of StemEnhance™ on tissue repair.

In brief, thirty 8-10 weeks old female mice were lethally irradiated before receiving a

bone marrow transplant with stem cells marked with green-fluorescent protein (GFP).

After transplantation, animals were randomly separated into two groups of 15 animals,

one group received placebo while the other received 300mg/kg/day. At day 16 and 30

Introduction

Methods

Mobilization of bone marrow stem cells with StemEnhance® improves muscle regeneration in

cardiotoxin-induced muscle injury

2

after transplantation, mice from each group were randomly selected for hematological

tests to see the effect of StemEnhance on hematopoiesis. The remaining mice in each

group (n=6) were injured by injection of 10µm Cardiotoxin in 100 µl PBS directly into

the anterior tibia muscles of right leg. Five weeks after the injury, the mice were

sacrificed and using open imaging (Olympus OV 100 Small Animal Imaging System),

the mice were evaluated for incorporation of GFP cells into tissues, including heart

muscle, liver, kidneys, intestinal wall, brain, skin and lung. The incorporation of GFP-

positive muscle fibers was quantified with Photoshop 7.0.

No significant difference was observed between the treated (StemEnhance) group and

untreated (PBS) group regarding average hemoglobin content as well as WBC, RBC

platelet and reticulocytes counts. Therefore StemEnhance did not appear to have an

effect on hematopoietic recovery.

In the injury part of the study, the extent of the recovery was

evaluated by measuring the area covered by fluorescence in

the recovering muscles. The group receiving StemEnhance

showed greater regeneration of the tibialis muscle (p<0.05),

though both PBS and StemEnhance groups showed very

significant recovery. The difference between the two groups

was also noted behaviorally by a greater strength in the leg

of the StemEnhance group while being handled, though this

was not quantified.

Less fluorescence was seen in the contralateral left tibialis

muscle of both groups, indicating that migration of bone

marrow stem cells was more significantly directed toward

the injury.

Control

StemEnhance

Contralateral leg

Results

3

Some fluorescence was also seen in most of the main organs, such as the heart, brain,

kidney, liver and lung, though no difference was seen between the two groups.

StemEnhance did not seem to have an effect on hematopoietic recovery, as it did not

increase the number of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets soon after

irradiation. However, StemEnhance did enhance recovery from cardiotoxin-induced

muscle injury. Reliable measurements of fluorescence were not made during the healing

process, therefore it is not possible to discriminate whether StemEnhance accelerated the

repair process or enhanced the overall repair process. Studies have reported that bone

marrow stem cell mobilization accelerates the healing of skin burn and bone fracture. On

the other hand, it was reported that scar formation appears to take place when not enough

stem cells are available to support full repair process. So it is likely that the effect of

StemEnhance was an acceleration of the repair process, which in some conditions could

also lead to a greater overall repair by reducing scar formation.

While StemEnhance enhanced recovery, significant recovery was nonetheless seen in the

control group indicating stem cells derived from the bone marrow naturally contribute to

the repair of injuries. Furthermore, in both StemEnhance and control group, incorporation

of GFP-muscle cell was much less in the contralateral left tibialis muscle, indicating that

stem cells migrate predominantly towards sites of injury. Therefore, this study confirms

three key aspects of stem cell physiology: 1) stem cell migration in an injured tissue is a

natural process that takes place without any stimulation, 2) increasing the number of

circulating stem cells accelerates the repair process, and 3) stem cells primarily migrate to

sites of injuries.

In conclusion, this study confirmed the hypothesis that StemEnhance supports the natural

process of tissue repair by supporting the release of stem cells from the bone marrow.

Discussion

1

Many consumers of StemEnhance reported, after a few months of daily consumption,

reduction of hair graying. Consumers reported a slow return to one’s natural hair color.

Although such reports were first received with skepticism, a brief search of the scientific

literature rapidly provide evidence that bone marrow stem cells have the ability of

differentiating into melanocytes responsible for hair pigmentation, therefore providing for

a mechanism of action behind such observation.

Altering hair color by restoring one’s natural hair color has little relevance when

considering human health, however such an effect would constitute a strong indication of

the rejuvenating properties of StemEnhance. In this study we investigated the effect of

daily consumption of StemEnhance on the density of white in the hair of middle age men.

In brief, 6 healthy men between 46 and 61 years of age exhibiting significant hair graying

were selected. The participants were provided StemEnhance and were instructed to

consume 2 capsules three times daily. The subjects were instructed to report any adverse

reaction. Finally, participants were instructed not to change their hairstyle, grooming

products or schedule of haircuts for the duration of the study.

Introduction

Methods

Daily consumption of StemEnhance helps reduce hair graying

2

At baseline and once monthly visual and instrumental hair color evaluations were

conducted using Matched Scientific Photography. The technicians involved in this study

were all certified by a Board Certified Ophthalmologist using the Farnsworth-Munsell

100 Hue Test, which determine a person’s ability to discern color against a black

background. Finally, at each visit the participants were asked to fill a SF-36 Quality of

Life Questionnaire.

No adverse effects or unexpected reactions of any kind were observed on any of the

participants. Most participants empirically reported a greater level of energy and an

overall greater level of well being for the duration of the study, which was objectively

measured using the SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire. Stat and graph.

A reduction in the

density of white was

seen in all participants

in both sides of the

head and in the back.

Although the effect was

more pronounced on

the sides of the head (-

19%) than in the back (-

17.5%), the difference

was not significant.

Therefore, the data was

pooled and on average the reduction in white density gradually reached -18.5% after 6

months of consumption, ranging between -11% and -28.6%. The difference measured

Results

3

was statistically significant (p<0.001). In at least three participants empirical observations

also suggested a thickening of the hair, although this was not quantified.

As mentioned previously, reversal of hair graying does not carry much relevance to

overall health. Hair graying is a natural process associated with aging and many people

with graying hair have very good health. Yet, hair color is a symbol of rejuvenation and

so far nothing is known which, when taken orally, can naturally bring back one’s natural

hair color. Therefore the effect of StemEnhance on hair graying reported in this study can

have far-reaching implications.

These observations lend a strong support to the fact that stem cells from the bone marrow

can migrate in various tissues and become cells of these tissues. Although no clinical test

was used to actually quantify the increased density of melanocytes associated with hair

follicles, the fact that the effect was seen in all participants strongly suggests that the

reduction in white density was caused by the migration and differentiation of stem cells

into melanocytes. Given the irrelevance of hair color in health, it is fair to assume that if

stem cells have migrated to become melanocytes, the body has certainly guided many

stem cells to migrate and become other types of cells, further supporting the regenerative

properties of StemEnhance.

Although this was not the purpose of the study, the fact that StemEnhance is the only

product taken orally that was shown to affect hair color, this study lends support for a

entirely new application of StemEnhance in cosmetology. Furthermore, empirical

observations made in this study support prior reports that StemEnhance elevates mood

and enhances overall quality of life.

Discussion

While bone marrow stem cells have been shown to play an important role in tissue repair,

the role of stem cells in tumor formation has also been intensely investigated. Some

scientists have suggested that bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMDSCs) might be

involved in the process of tumor formation. The link between chronic inflammation and

cancer has long been recognized, as cancer has been called a “wound that never heals,”

and a wound is known to attract stem cells.

It has been proposed that BMDSCs could become tumor cells or enhance the

development of existing tumors by contributing to the formation of blood vessels in the

tumor. If circulating stem cells were to contribute to tumor vasculature and tumor

growth, then increasing the number of circulating stem cells should accelerate tumor

growth.

StemEnhance® is a novel mobilizer of bone marrow stem cells that was shown to

increase the number of circulating stem cells by 25%. Therefore, we investigated the

effect of daily consumption of StemEnhance® on the growth of human breast tumor

implanted in a mouse model.

In brief, fluorescent human MDA-MB-435 cancer cells were grown into tumors, which

were later transplanted by surgical implantation into the mammary fat pad of forty female

Increase in the number of circulating stem cells by StemEnhance®

does not promote tumor growth

Introduction

Methods

mice. Twenty-one days after implantation, mice were randomly separated in two groups.

For a duration of six weeks, experimental animals were fed with 300 mg/kg of

StemEnhance while controls were fed placebo. Tumor growth was monitored using live

whole body fluorescence imaging. At the end of the study, tumors were excised and

weighed.

There was no evidence of toxicity due to StemEnhance. Animals in both groups showed

identical body-weight growth patterns and no visual or behavioral differences could be

seen between the two groups.

At the start of the feeding

trial, tumor areas for both

control and experimental

group were statistically

identical. Changes in

tumor area, and rates of

increase from weeks 1 to

6, were determined using

repeated measures

analysis of variance.

Tumor growth was

approximately linear, as determined by orthogonal polynomial regression. Tumor growth

rate was slower in the StemEnhance group (P=0.014) when compared to the control

group. The reduction in tumor growth was significant by week 2 and at week 6 tumor

areas were 40% larger in the control group (1.70 cm2) than in the StemEnhance group

(1.25 cm2) (P<0.01). Metastasis was not seen in either group. At the end of the study,

tumors were carefully excised and weighed. Mean tumor weight in the StemEnhance-

treated-group (0.44 ± 0.21) was 35% smaller than in the control (0.68 ± 0.42) (P < 0.03).

P>0.3

P<0.04 P<0.004

P<0.016

P<0.018

P<0.007

PBS

SE

Ctrl

SE

Ctrl

SE

Results

These results for tumor mass are consistent with the analyses of tumor area.

Animals received 300 mg/kg of StemEnhance , which is roughly 10 times the daily intake

normally recommended for humans. Even at that high level, growth was normal and

animals showed no signs of toxicity. Daily consumption of the stem cell mobilizer

StemEnhance reduced the rate of human breast cancer growth without affecting growth

pattern. No metastases were seen, at least in the conditions of this study.

Little data exist to suggest how circulating stem cells could contribute to reducing tumor

growth. It is possible that after migrating in a tumor, attracted by cytokines, and after

proliferating and differentiating in cells of the target tissue, stem cells could secrete

cytokines inhibiting cellular division.

Other compounds in StemEnhance could have contributed to the effect observed in this

study, such as phycocyanin and specific polysaccharides. Nevertheless, based on these

results, increasing the number of circulating bone marrow stem cells does not promote

the growth of breast cancer.

Discussion