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STED: Initial Findings on the Agro-Processing SectorTripartite Workshop on Skills for Trade and Economic Diversification in Bangladesh
Dhaka, September 8, 2011
Erik von Uexkull
ILO Trade and Employment Programme
Con Gregg
ILO Skills Department
Outline of presentation
• Why Agro-Processing Sector?
• Sector Characteristics
• The Global Market and Trade Challenges: • The Global Market and Trade Challenges: Three Scenarios� Business as Usual
� More of the Same
� Upgrade
• Implications for Capability Needs and Skill Demand
Why Agro-Processing Sector?
• Contribution to export diversification
• Strong potential for direct and indirect
employment creationemployment creation
• Importance of skills and training of workers
• Linkages with existing ILO technical assistance
�TVET project
�ETE project
Project Builds on 2010 TVET Study
• Focus on exporting agro processing sectors
• Covers all skill levels
• What comes next after initiatives following
TVET 2010 study are implemented?� Competence-based training for three priority occupations – Baker,
Food Technician, Packaging Technician
� Industry Skills Council
� Centre of Excellence
� Management development
� Operations efficiency / Kaizen
Sector CharacteristicsSector Characteristics
Note about Data
• Mostly quoting 2005/6 because that is date of
last Labour Force Survey
• 2010 Labour Force Survey under analysis by • 2010 Labour Force Survey under analysis by
statistics office
�Overall employment by sector
�Occupational composition of each sector
GDP Contribution...Total GDP:
4.5 trln. Taka
Data Source: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, 2005/6
... Employment ContributionTotal Employment:
47 mln.
Data Source: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, 2005/6
Firm level characteristics ...
400
500
600
Domestic
Exporter
0
100
200
300
400
# of companies in
sample
avg. Number of
permanent staff
avg. Sales (mln.
Taka)
avg. Wage ('000
Taka)
Data source: World Bank Enterprise Survey Bangladesh 2007
... Innovation ...
Data source: World Bank Enterprise Survey Bangladesh 2007
... and Skills Needs
Data source: World Bank Enterprise Survey Bangladesh 2007
Global Market and Export ChallengesGlobal Market and Export Challenges
Exports• Only small fraction of agro-processing products
destined for export (~3% of total output)
Data Source:
COMTRADE
Total Agro-
Processing
Exports:
38 bln. Taka
Competitive Position in Export Markets
• Price
• Market positioning � Premium / mid-market / low end
� Low value added / high value added
• Product differentiation
• Regulatory approvals – standards and compliance
• Quality perceptions – safety etc.
• Trade rules – market access
• Access to sales and distribution channels
• Branding
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