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Unit 1 In industry Statistics is applied in the following areas Ans: Quality control In which of the area Statistics is not applied Ans: Booking a Railway ticket Statistics are collected in a Ans: Systematic manner Statistics deals with Ans: Aggregate of facts The study of movement of wholesale prices of a commodity Ans: Requires Statistics 2 marks Statistics can be applied in Ans: Quality control methods and planned recruitment In modern days many organizations Ans: Are rich on data and do not draw information from it Statistics in singular noun is defined as Ans: The science of collection, presentation, analysis and interpretation of numerical data Statistics is Ans: Affected by external forces and are expressed numerically 4 marks A study was conducted to find the usefulness of mobiles for auto-rickshaw drivers. About 600 auto-rickshaw drivers residing in different localities were contacted over their mobile. The increase in their income was noted down i. The method adopted for collection of information is Ans: Telephonic conversation

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Unit 1

In industry Statistics is applied in the following areasAns: Quality control

In which of the area Statistics is not applied Ans: Booking a Railway ticket

Statistics are collected in a Ans: Systematic manner

Statistics deals with Ans: Aggregate of facts

The study of movement of wholesale prices of a commodity Ans: Requires Statistics

2 marks

Statistics can be applied in Ans: Quality control methods and planned recruitment

In modern days many organizations Ans: Are rich on data and do not draw information from it

Statistics in singular noun is defined as Ans: The science of collection, presentation, analysis and interpretation of numerical data

Statistics is Ans: Affected by external forces and are expressed numerically

4 marks

A study was conducted to find the usefulness of mobiles for auto-rickshaw drivers. About 600 auto-rickshaw drivers residing in different localities were contactedover their mobile. The increase in their income was noted down i. The method adopted for collection of information is Ans: Telephonic conversation

A study was conducted to find the usefulness of mobiles for auto-rickshaw drivers. About 600 auto-rickshaw drivers residing in different localities were contactedover their mobile. The increase in their income was noted down ii. The result of the study will be more efficient if the sampling method adopted is Ans: Stratified

A study was conducted to find the usefulness of mobiles for auto-rickshaw drivers. About 600 auto-rickshaw drivers residing in different localities were contacted

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over their mobile. The increase in their income was noted down iii. The observation made is Ans: Quantitative

A study was conducted to find the usefulness of mobiles for auto-rickshaw drivers. About 600 auto-rickshaw drivers residing in different localities were contactedover their mobile. The increase in their income was noted down iv. The final results should be presented in terms of Ans: Percentage increase

An advertising agency mailed 100 questionnaires to the viewers to know the impact level of the advertisement. It received only one questionnaire back. i. It is notpossible to apply statistics because Ans: It does not deal with single result

An advertising agency mailed 100 questionnaires to the viewers to know the impact level of the advertisement. It received only one questionnaire back. ii. Themethod adopted to collect information is Ans: Mailed questionnaire

An advertising agency mailed 100 questionnaires to the viewers to know the impact level of the advertisement. It received only one questionnaire back. iii. Agencyhas adopted Ans: Sampling method

An advertising agency mailed 100 questionnaires to the viewers to know the impact level of the advertisement. It received only one questionnaire back. iv. Themain disadvantage of questionnaire is Ans: Uneducated respondents

In order to determine the number of dumb schools, the local Government decides to conduct a survey i. The Survey must be on Ans: All local people

In order to determine the number of dumb schools, the local Government decides to conduct a survey ii. The observations of units is Ans: Qualitative

In order to determine the number of dumb schools, the local Government decides to conduct a survey iii. The observation made on ii) is Ans: Useless for statistical methods

In order to determine the number of dumb schools, the local Government decides to conduct a survey iv. A useful measure that can be derived from observation is Ans: Number of Blind people per 1000

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Unit 2

Sequence of planning a survey is Ans: Defining the problem, specifying objectives, scope of investigation and organization

Control methods adopted in a survey at every stage is to check Ans: Accuracy, measurement analysis and interpretation

Statistical Survey is a scientific process of Ans: Collection and analysis of numerical data

The collected data should be first Ans: Edited

The relevance and accuracy of data depends upon care exercised during Ans: Planning and execution

2 marks

A properly planned investigations leads to Ans: Best results with minimum cost and time

Control methods are used to Ans: Check accuracy, coverage, analysis and interpretation

The objectives of investigation could be Ans: To obtain certain estimates or to establish a theory or to verify the existing relationship

The scope of investigation covers such as Ans: Area to be covered, time, and cost

4 marks

A person is hired by a five star hotel to study the possibility of improving the returns through customer's satisfaction. The person appointed for this purposecollects data from the customers with respect to the quality of food and service, satisfaction and price aspects. i. The Hotel management collects data by Ans: Through agent

A person is hired by a five star hotel to study the possibility of improving the returns through customer's satisfaction. The person appointed for this purpose

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collects data from the customers with respect to the quality of food and service, satisfaction and price aspects.ii. Two of the information collected belong to intangible cadre. They are Ans: Quality of food and service

A person is hired by a five star hotel to study the possibility of improving the returns through customer's satisfaction. The person appointed for this purposecollects data from the customers with respect to the quality of food and service, satisfaction and price aspects. iii. The information will help the management Ans: To reorganize and improve in all respects

A person is hired by a five star hotel to study the possibility of improving the returns through customer's satisfaction. The person appointed for this purposecollects data from the customers with respect to the quality of food and service, satisfaction and price aspects.iv. Service level can be improved by Ans: Giving proper training

A hospital wants to start some new department for treating patients. Since the cost will be high they decide to estimate the return.i. The most appropriate units of observation will be . Ans: The return received by other hospitals having same department

A hospital wants to start some new department for treating patients. Since the cost will be high they decide to estimate the return.ii. The data is collected by Ans: Secondary source

A hospital wants to start some new department for treating patients. Since the cost will be high they decide to estimate the return.iii. Unit of measurement will be Ans: Percentage net return

A hospital wants to start some new department for treating patients. Since the cost will be high they decide to estimate the return.iv. Another useful added information for the purpose of investigation is Ans: Percentage of patients wanting such new department

Suppose the State Government wishes to find the average yield of wheat per acre theni. As first step, it should get information on Ans: Total number of acre and yield available in the state

Suppose the State Government wishes to find the average yield of wheat per acre thenii. The data for (i) can be obtained from Ans: Secondary source

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Suppose the State Government wishes to find the average yield of wheat per acre theniii. The scope of the investigation is Ans: Land used for wheat production

Suppose the State Government wishes to find the average yield of wheat per acre theniv. Data collected should be in terms of Ans: Kg / acre

Unit 3

Classification Ans: Reduces the bulk data

Classification done according to two variables is known as Ans: Two-way classification

Classification followsAns: Collection

Response: Ans: Manifold

Classification of workers according to education and skill is called Ans: Two-way

Data arranged logically according to size is known as Ans: Statistical series

Data classified according to the time of occurrence is known as Ans: Chronological classification

Data that are immeasurable is classified under Ans: Qualitative classification

In classification each unit is allotted to Ans: Two or more groups

2 marks

Classifications done on the basis of attributes blindness and region are known as Ans: Two-way qualitative and geographical classification

Raw data relating to weight and height of people of residential complex can be

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Ans: Classified according to two different classes

Two functions of classification are Ans: Reduce bulk data and facilitate comparisons4 marks

Two requisites of good classification are Ans: Exhaustive and revealing

Ans: 200

Ans: a

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Ans: a

Ans: a

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Ans: d

There are 200 employees in a firm. 81 of them are Male and the rest Female. 12 of them are Doctorates 53 of them are Graduates and the rest Post graduates.Education level of females are as follows: 8 doctorates 89 Post graduates and the rest graduates. Ans: Difficult to say

Ans: b

There are 200 employees in a firm. 81 of them are Male and the rest Female. 12 of them are Doctorates 53 of them are Graduates and the rest Post graduates.Education level of females are as follows: 8 doctorates 89 Post graduates and the rest graduates. Ans: Make comparisons easier

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Ans: b

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Ans: b

Ans: d

There are 200 employees in a firm. 81 of them are Male and the rest Female. 12 of them are Doctorates 53 of them are Graduates and the rest Post graduates.Education level of females are as follows: 8 doctorates 89 Post graduates and the rest graduatesi. The above form of describing a situation is known as Ans: Text form

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Unit 4

A good measure of Average should be Ans: Based on all values

A.M is Ans: More stable

If to every value of 10, 12, 15, 20, 25 we add 2 then average will Ans: Increase by 2

It is not possible to calculate A.M. for distributions with Ans: Open-intervals

Measure of central tendency are of Ans: First order

Sum of deviations of individual results taken mean will always be Ans: 0

Sum of squares of deviation of individual values taken from mean will always be Ans: Minimum

The average value of -4, -3, 0, 3, 4 is Ans: 0

The average value of 10, 12, 15, 17, 6 is Ans: 12

Statistical Average provide basis for Ans: Decision making

2 marks

A good average must be Ans: Based on all values and rigidly defined

Find the mean value for the grouped data C.I 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 Freq 15 10 8 12 16 9 Ans: 35.44

The mean of the following distribution is

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X 145 155 165 175 Freq 10 12 15 10 Ans: 160.3

The mean value of age for the data given byAge 10 15 20 25 30 No. of people 2 4 5 7 8 Ans: 22.9

4 marks

A company finds that the efficiency of 60 non-graduates to be 70%, 80 graduates to be 75% and 30 post graduates to be 85%.i)The method used to find overall efficiency is Ans: Combined average

A company finds that the efficiency of 60 non-graduates to be 70%, 80 graduates to be 75% and 30 post graduates to be 85%ii. The average efficiency of non graduates and graduates is Ans: 72.86%

A company finds that the efficiency of 60 non-graduates to be 70%, 80 graduates to be 75% and 30 post graduates to be 85%iii. The average efficiency of graduates and post graduates is Ans: 77.73%

company finds that the efficiency of 60 non-graduates to be 70%, 80 graduates to be 75% and 30 post graduates to be 85%iv. The overall efficiency is Ans: 75%

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Ans: c

Mr. Anil goes to a supermarket. He purchases 8 pieces of item A @ Rs.5/- each, 12 pieces of item B @ Rs.10/- each, 15 pieces of item C @ Rs.20/- each, 10pieces of item D @ Rs.15/- each and 6 pieces of item E @ Rs.12/- each.It is a ……………. Distribution Ans: Discrete

Mr. Anil goes to a supermarket. He purchases 8 pieces of item A @ Rs.5/- each, 12 pieces of item B @ Rs.10/- each, 15 pieces of item C @ Rs.20/- each, 10pieces of item D @ Rs.15/- each and 6 pieces of item E @ Rs.12/- each.The average price per piece is Ans: 13.37

Mr. Anil goes to a supermarket. He purchases 8 pieces of item A @ Rs.5/- each, 12 pieces of item B @ Rs.10/- each, 15 pieces of item C @ Rs.20/- each, 10pieces of item D @ Rs.15/- each and 6 pieces of item E @ Rs.12/- each.The total amount spend by him is Ans: 682

Unit 5

Events are said to be mutually exclusive if the occurrence of one Ans: Prevents the occurrence of other

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If "m" outcomes are favourable to an event A and "n" are total outcomes of an experiment then P(A) = Ans: m / n

If the chances of occurrence of events are equal then events are called as Ans: Equally likely

In axiomatic approach value of is Ans: Between zero and one

In real life it is always not possible to conduct experiment, because of Ans: High cost

In statistical approach probability is determined Ans: After conducting experiment

Probability of getting head when a coin is thrown, comes under Ans: Priori approach

Subjective approach is more suitable if sample size is Ans: Less than ten

The statistical tool that deals systematically and scientifically with uncertainty is known as Ans: Probability Theory

When we toss three coins, total outcome is given by Ans: 8

2 marksIf A, B and C are the events of getting odd number, even number and pirme numbers respectively when a die is rolled, then A, B and C are Ans: Not mutually exclusive

In classical approach to probability, the probability of an event is determined by Ans: Before conducting experiment

The approach that will be adopted to find the probability that a student selected at random from a particular college will play snooker is Ans: Empirical

The sample points of the random experiment when 2 coins are tossed at a time are given by Ans: (HH, HT, TH, TT)

4 marksA box has 100 tickets with numbers from 1 to 100 one ticket is drawn at random from the box.i. The probability that the number drawn is divisible by 24 is Ans: 0.04

A box has 100 tickets with numbers from 1 to 100 one ticket is drawn at random from the box.ii. The probability that the number is divisible by 15 or 30 is Ans: 0.06

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A box has 100 tickets with numbers from 1 to 100 one ticket is drawn at random from the box.iii. The probability that the number drawn is divisible by 12 or 23 is Ans: 0.12

A box has 100 tickets with numbers from 1 to 100 one ticket is drawn at random from the box.iv. The probability that it is divisible by - 25 is Ans: 0.04

A sales manager has ten salesmen working under him. He moves with them closely and know the strengths and weakness of each. Under any newcircumstances he knows that Rama, Ramu, Ranga and Rathan will succeed in the ratio 2:3:4:6i. The probability that Ramu will succeed is Ans: 3 / 15

A sales manager has ten salesmen working under him. He moves with them closely and know the strengths and weakness of each. Under any newcircumstances he knows that Rama, Ramu, Ranga and Rathan will succeed in the ratio 2:3:4:6ii. The probability that Rama and Rathan will succeed is Ans: 4 / 75

A sales manager has ten salesmen working under him. He moves with them closely and know the strengths and weakness of each. Under any newcircumstances he knows that Rama, Ramu, Ranga and Rathan will succeed in the ratio 2:3:4:6iii. The probability that Ramu or Ranga will succeed is Ans: 7 / 15

A sales manager has ten salesmen working under him. He moves with them closely and know the strengths and weakness of each. Under any newcircumstances he knows that Rama, Ramu, Ranga and Rathan will succeed in the ratio 2:3:4:6iv. The type of approach followed by sales manager is Ans: Subjective

In a housing complex there are 51 apartments. All of them are occupied by individual families. Mr.X living in that complex wishes to form a committee of 5members by selecting head of the family. Since the idea came from him every body agrees that he should be one memberi. The population is a Ans: Finite population

In a housing complex there are 51 apartments. All of them are occupied by individual families. Mr.X living in that complex wishes to form a committee of 5members by selecting head of the family. Since the idea came from him every body agrees that he should be one memberii. The probability that a house hold head will be selected is Ans: 1 / 50

In a housing complex there are 51 apartments. All of them are occupied by individual families. Mr.X living in that complex wishes to form a committee of 5members by selecting head of the family. Since the idea came from him every body agrees that he should be one memberiii. The probability that six members will be selected is Ans: 0

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The probability that Mr.Amar, Ashish and Mr.Astosh will become chairman of a company are 0.4, 0.3 and 0.3 respectively. The probability that they will introducea new product in the market are 0.08, 0.10 and 0.15 respectively.i. The probability that Mr.Astosh has introduced the new product is Ans: 0.42

The probability that Mr.Amar, Ashish and Mr.Astosh will become chairman of a company are 0.4, 0.3 and 0.3 respectively. The probability that they will introducea new product I the market are 0.08, 0.10 and 0.15 respectively.ii. The probability that either Mr.Amar or Mr.Ashish have introduced the new product is Ans: 0.58

The probability that Mr.Amar, Ashish and Mr.Astosh will become chairman of a company are 0.4, 0.3 and 0.3 respectively. The probability that they will introducea new product I the market are 0.08, 0.10 and 0.15 respectively.iii. The probability that the new product has been introduced is Ans: 0.107

The probability that Mr.Amar, Ashish and Mr.Astosh will become chairman of a company are 0.4, 0.3 and 0.3 respectively. The probability that they will introducea new product I the market are 0.08, 0.10 and 0.15 respectively.iv. The rule used in answering the above questions is Ans: Baye's

Unit 6Binomial distribution has Ans: One mode

For Binomial distribution np = 5 and npq= 4, then p = Ans: 0.2

For the binomial (0.2 + 0.8)6, mean is Ans: 4.8

If n = 10, p = 0.3 for a Binomial distribution then its mean and variance are Ans: 3, 2.1

If x is a binomial variate with p = 0.46, then q = Ans: 0.54

Ans: n+1 terms

Number of pedals in a flower is an example of Ans: Binomial variate type

The Bernoulli variable assumes values Ans: 0,1

Ans: 7 terms

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The mean and variance of Binomial distribution are Ans: np, npq

2 marks

Ans: Probability of 2 success

Ans: 56

Ans: d

The probability of getting an occupational disease is 1/4. Out of 5 employees, the probability that exactly 2 will get the disease is Ans: 135/512

Two examples of observed discrete frequency distributions are Ans: No. of children in the family and No. of pedals in a flower

4 marks

Ans: 2

"X" is a Poisson variate such that 2P(X = 0) = P(X = 1) thenii. P(X = 0) is Ans: 0.135

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Ans: 0.865

Ans: 0.90

A company produces two products A and B. Out of 5 products of A one was found to be defective. Out of 6 products of B 2 were found to be defectivei. Probability that exactly one will be defective in product B is Ans: 0.263

A company produces two products A and B. Out of 5 products of A one was found to be defective. Out of 6 products of B 2 were found to be defectiveii. Probability that one of A and one of B will be defective is Ans: 0.1077

A company produces two products A and B. Out of 5 products of A one was found to be defective. Out of 6 products of B 2 were found to be defectiveiii. Probability that either one of A or two of B will be defective Ans: 0.8388

A company produces two products A and B. Out of 5 products of A one was found to be defective. Out of 6 products of B 2 were found to be defectiveiv. The event of either getting 2 defectives in A or one defect in B are Ans: Mutually exclusive

In a Binomial distribution p = 0.4 and n = 6 then

Ans: 0.046

In a Binomial distribution p = 0.4 and n = 6 then ii. P(X >= 4) is Ans: 0.007

In a Binomial distribution p = 0.4 and n = 6 then iii. P(X ≥ 1) is Ans: 0.1296

In a Binomial distribution p = 0.4 and n = 6 then

Ans: 0.2764

The average closing of a savings banks account which is normally distributed was found to be 35 months with a S.D of 5 months. Theni. The probability that SB A/c will be closed on or before 25 months is Ans: 0.4772

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The average closing of a savings banks account which is normally distributed was found to be 35 months with a S.D of 5 months. Thenii. The probability that it will be alive between 30 and 40 months is Ans: 0.6826

The average closing of a savings banks account which is normally distributed was found to be 35 months with a S.D of 5 months. Theniii. The probability that it will be alive after 42.5 months is Ans: 0.0668

The average closing of a savings banks account which is normally distributed was found to be 35 months with a S.D of 5 months. Theniv. The probability that it exists between 40 and 45 months is Ans: 0.1359

There are 625 packets of a product. Each packet contains 4 products. The probability that a product will be defective is 0.2. Theni. Expected number of packets to contain zero defectives Ans: 256

There are 625 packets of a product. Each packet contains 4 products. The probability that a product will be defective is 0.2. Thenii. Expected number of packets to contains exactly two defectives Ans: 96

There are 625 packets of a product. Each packet contains 4 products. The probability that a product will be defective is 0.2. Theniii. Expected number of packets to contain 3 or more defectives Ans: 16

There are 625 packets of a product. Each packet contains 4 products. The probability that a product will be defective is 0.2. Theniv. Expected number of packets to contain 1 or 2 defective Ans: 352

Unit 7A population consisting of objects like book is called Ans: Existent population

In short time we gather information about population by Ans: Sampling

Sampling is the only available method in case of Ans: Infinite population

The group, having some characteristics, consisting of all units is called Ans: Population

The number of points on paper whose dimensions are 1 cm by 2cm is Ans: Infinite

2 marksA sample is Ans: Subset of population

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Examples for existent and hypothetical populations are Ans: Getting defectives in a days production and height of people

In what way statistical survey aimed at determining average blind people in an area Ans: Individuals in that area form population and blindness form observation

In a study to find number of books in different subjects of a library Ans: All books form population units and subject is the characteristics studied

We resort to sampling technique if Ans: The units are destroyed or adversely affected

4 marksFrom a population whose mean is 40, a random sample of 10 are taken. The sample mean is 39.2 and S.D 4.i. Population parameter and sample Statistics are Ans: 40, 39.2

From a population whose mean is 40, a random sample of 10 are taken. The sample mean is 39.2 and S.D 4.ii. Standard error of mean is Ans: 1.33

From a population whose mean is 40, a random sample of 10 are taken. The sample mean is 39.2 and S.D 4.iii. 39.2 is known as Ans: Point estimate

From a population whose mean is 40, a random sample of 10 are taken. The sample mean is 39.2 and S.D 4.iv. The internal estimate can be found if Ans: Confidence level is given

From past records the liking of customers towards the colour of product Viz, Red, green, pink, blue and yellow were found to be in the ratio 2:3:5:3:2 respectively.A sample of 300 customer revealed the liking towards the colour as 39, 62, 100, 60, 41 respectively.i. The sample has followed Ans: Law of statistical regularity

From past records the liking of customers towards the colour of product Viz, Red, green, pink, blue and yellow were found to be in the ratio 2:3:5:3:2 respectively.A sample of 300 customer revealed the liking towards the colour as 39, 62, 100, 60, 41 respectively.ii. The population considered is Ans: Existent

From past records the liking of customers towards the colour of product Viz, Red, green, pink, blue and yellow were found to be in the ratio 2:3:5:3:2 respectively.A sample of 300 customer revealed the liking towards the colour as 39, 62, 100, 60, 41 respectively.iii. Exact proportion has been found in the sample for colours Ans: Pink and Blue

From past records the liking of customers towards the colour of product Viz, Red, green, pink, blue and yellow were found to be in the ratio 2:3:5:3:2 respectively.A sample of 300 customer revealed the liking towards the colour as 39, 62, 100, 60, 41 respectively.iv. The method adopted to estimate population values results in

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Ans: Saving of time and cost

Sundaram motors wants to find the proportion of car owners using their cars. It collects information from RTO of Tamil Nadu by selecting ""n"" unit at fixed intervalfrom Car Registration bookThe type of sampling adopted is known as Ans: Systematic

Sundaram motors wants to find the proportion of car owners using their cars. It collects information from RTO of Tamil Nadu by selecting ""n"" unit at fixed intervalfrom Car Registration bookThe fixed interval is determined by Ans: N/n

Sundaram motors wants to find the proportion of car owners using their cars. It collects information from RTO of Tamil Nadu by selecting "n" unit at fixed intervalfrom Car Registration book .The precaution that should be taken for this type of sampling is Ans: Periodic features should not exist

Sundaram motors wants to find the proportion of car owners using their cars. It collects information from RTO of Tamil Nadu by selecting "n" unit at fixed intervalfrom Car Registration book . .The observation made is Ans: Attribute

The Karnataka Government wishes to experiment with a policy on Twenty villages spread over the state. The success of the policy is measured by agreement ordisagreement of the peoplei. The type of sampling that will be adopted is Ans: Multistage sampling

The Karnataka Government wishes to experiment with a policy on Twenty villages spread over the state. The success of the policy is measured by agreement ordisagreement of the peopleii. The type of measurement made belongs to Ans: Attribute

The Karnataka Government wishes to experiment with a policy on Twenty villages spread over the state. The success of the policy is measured by agreement ordisagreement of the peopleiii. The sampling units are Ans: People in selected village

The Karnataka Government wishes to experiment with a policy on Twenty villages spread over the state. The success of the policy is measured by agreement ordisagreement of the peopleiv. Scope and purpose of the survey is Ans: Crystal clear

Unit 8A sufficient estimator make maximum use of Ans: Sample information

An interval estimate is Ans: A range of values

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As sample size increases the statistic is said to more Ans: Consistent

Better decisions can be obtained by Ans: Estimates

It is not possible to avoid as much error as possible by Ans: Guess work

Prospective investors make estimates concerning the behaviour of Ans: Money value

Standard error of mode is 1.20 and that of median is 1.02, then efficient estimator is Ans: Median

Statistical inference is based on Ans: Estimation and hypothesis testing

The lesser the standard error of a statistic then it is said to be more Ans: Efficient

ThAns: e mean value of an unbiased estimator is always Equal to population vlue

2marksA point estimate is insufficient because Ans: It does not give quantitative measure for its correctness

Estimates are necessary to Ans: Deal with uncertainty and make rational decisions

Given mean life of 100 bulbs as 1500 hrs and population standard deviation as 500 hours then 95% confidence interval for population mean is Ans: 1500±98

The criteria for a good estimator are Ans: Efficiency, sufficiency, unbiasedness and consistency

Uses of standard error are Ans: To give reliability measure of the estimate and give confidence interval

4 marksA good Estimator should satisfyi. The criteria Ans: Consistency, Sufficiency, Efficiency and Unbiasedness

A good Estimator should satisfyii. By consistency we mean Ans: As n--> oe, the sample value approaches parameter value

A good Estimator should satisfyiii. By sufficiency we mean Ans: The estimator makes much use of information given

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A good Estimator should satisfyiv. By efficiency we mean Ans: Standard error of statistics is small

For the sample values 10, 12, 15, 18, 22, 25, 32, 34i. Mean is Ans: 21.0

For the sample values 10, 12, 15, 18, 22, 25, 32, 34ii. The standard error of mean is Ans: 3.14

For the sample values 10, 12, 15, 18, 22, 25, 32, 34 \iii. 95% confidence limits are Ans: 21 ± 7.4

For the sample values 10, 12, 15, 18, 22, 25, 32, 34iv. Coefficient of variation is Ans: 42.4% Mean of a sample size of 15 is 40. Its standard deviation is 8i. Standard error of mean is Ans: 2.14

Mean of a sample size of 15 is 40. Its standard deviation is 8ii. The standard deviation being same, for the standard error to be 1.07, the sample size should be Ans: 38

Mean of a sample size of 15 is 40. Its standard deviation is 8iii. 95% confidence interval for the mean is Ans: 40 ± 3.5

To know the popularity of a particular brand sales manager of a company gathered information by oral interview. Out of 600 people interviewed 420 actually usethis brand. The director was not happy with the information. He would like to know the confidence level in the statementi. What type of information the director got from the sales manager Ans: Point estimate

To know the popularity of a particular brand sales manager of a company gathered information by oral interview. Out of 600 people interviewed 420 actually usethis brand. The director was not happy with the information. He would like to know the confidence level in the statementii. TAns: he point estimate is given by 70%

To know the popularity of a particular brand sales manager of a company gathered information by oral interview. Out of 600 people interviewed 420 actually usethis brand. The director was not happy with the information. He would like to know the confidence level in the statementiii. 95% confidence interval for the estimate is Ans: 0.7 ± 0.037

To know the popularity of a particular brand sales manager of a company gathered information by oral interview. Out of 600 people interviewed 420 actually use

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this brand. The director was not happy with the information. He would like to know the confidence level in the statementiv. 99% confidence interval for the estimate is Ans: 0.7 ± 0.048

Unit 9A hypothesis makes a statement about Ans: Parameters

c

Large sample test are used if the sample size is Ans: Greater than 30

Type I error occurs when sample is taken from Ans: True population and test rejects it

Upper and lower limits of acceptance region is determined by Ans: Level of significance

2 marksA null hypothesis states that Ans: There is no significant difference between observed and theoretical values

By Statistical error we mean Ans: There is a difference between sample value and population due to chance causes

Ans: c

Type I error is set to a very high level when Ans: It is dangerous to accept a wrong hypothesis

Ans: d

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4 marks

Ans: b

Ans: c

Ans: a

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Ans: c

unit 10

Ans: c

Ans: Increase

Ans: Several proportions

It cannot be used to test Ans: Estimation of parameter value

It is considered as Ans: Continuous distribution only

Ans: b

One of the assumption is the population distribution must be

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Ans: Need not know anything about the distribution

cAns:

Ans: Additive property

The sum of squares of "n" independent standard normal variates form Ans: Chi-square distribution

Ans: b

Chi-square Distribution is Ans: Right - skewed

Ans: c

2 marks

Ans: Right skewed distribution with mode dividing it into two equal positions

To apply X2 test a sample must satisfy the conditions Ans: Taken from any population and selected at random

A two-tailed test of two variances is to be performed for sample sizes of 15 and 12. If = 0.10 which of the following represents the upper value to which S12 / S22

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should be compared Ans: F(14, 11 0.05)

Ans: Non parametric test and takes positive values only

A two-tailed test of two variances is to be performed for sample sizes of 15 and 12. If = 0.10 which of the following represents the upper value to which S12 / S22should be compared F(14, 11 0.05)

In 500 observations classified into three groups the theoretical values should be in the ratio of 5:3:2. Then the expected values of the classes are respectively Ans: 250, 150, 100

Ans: d

Ans: b

Ans: a

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Ans: c

unit 11"F" - test has always Ans: Two degrees of freedom

To apply F - test the samples are drawn Ans: At random from Normal population

It is used to test Ans: Between variances

Ans: F (v2, v1)

Ans: b

The F - Statistics is given by Ans: Variance between samples / Variance within samples

To apply ANOVA population from which samples are drawn must have Ans: Equal variances

Samples must be drawn such that they are Ans: Independent of each other Analysis variance splits the total variation into Ans: Within groups and between groups

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Ans: b

2 marksTwo assumption to be satisfied for applying F-test are Ans: Samples are independent of each other and they should be drawn from Normal population

Ans: c

Ans: c

Sum of squares of due to total (SST) is split into sum of squares due to factors (SSF) and sum of squares due to error (SSE). The F-test is Ans: MSF / MSE

Ans: Rejected4 marks

Ans: c

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Ans: b

Ans: d

Ans: a

unit 12 In multiple correlation we study the relationship between variables Ans: Simultaneously

If the dots lies exactly on a straight line that runs from left bottom to right top, then the correlation is said to be Ans: Perfectly positive

One function of correlation analysis is Ans: To test the relationship between variables

The value of Karl Pearson's correlation coefficient always is

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If the value of r = -1, then the relationship between the variables is said to be Ans: Perfectly negatively correlated

If two variables move in the opposite direction then they are said to be Ans: Negatively correlated

We can quantify the correlation between two variables by scatter diagram Ans: False

Scatter Diagram is also known as Ans: Dot diagram

If the dots lie close to a line that runs from left top to right bottom, then the variables are said to be Ans: Negatively related

In simple correlation the relationship is studied between Ans: Two variables

Suppose there is positive correlation between the number of children in the house and number of rats in the house. Then such correlations are known as Ans: Non-sense correlation

Correlation coefficient has Ans: No. units attached to it

Ans: Yes

Observed correlation may not exist in population due to Ans: Small sample size

If the dots lie all over the graph then the variables have Ans: Zero correlation

In finding the correlation between supply and demand, we can say the dependent variable as Ans: None

One of the Statistical tool available to measure the relationship between variables is Ans: Coefficient of correlation

The correlation coefficient is not affected by Ans: Change of scale and origin

Existence of correlation between two variables may be due to Ans: A Third factor

2 marksCorrelation is said to be linear and non-linear if Ans: The ratio of change between the variables is constant and change in one variable is equal to the percentage change in other variable respectively

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Correlation measures Ans: The relationship between two variables and helps estimation

Ans: 0.4

For perfectly positive and negative correlation the dots in scatter diagram must lie along a st.line that runs Ans: Along a straight line that runs from left bottom to right bottom and left top to right bottom respectively

Correlation between two variables may be due to Ans: Small sample size and third factor

In partial correlation the relationship between two or more variables are studied Ans: Between two variables keeping others constant

4 marks

Ans: d

Ans: C

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Ans: A

Ans: B

Unit 13Prediction is Ans: Purely mechanical extrapolation

Main basis for forecasting is Ans: Time series

Forecasting can be made only on Ans: Any specific term

Business Forecasting deals with Ans: Analysis of past and present economic conditions

Business parameters for specific industry deal with Ans: Specific business activities

Business Forecasting can be done on Ans: Whole sale prices

2 marksSteps in business forecasting involve the following in that order Ans: Understanding the past, determining the phase of business activity to be measured, selection and complication of data, Analysis

Business forecasting helps in

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Ans: Reducing uncertainty

Business forecasting deals with Ans: Analysis of past and economic drawing inferences about probable future Business conditions

Business forecasting is necessary because of Ans: Growing competition and trends towards automation

The difference between prediction and projection is Ans: Prediction is an estimate based on past data and projection is an estimate extrapolated values

4 marksAn economist will like to predict the cost of living index due to hike in petrol prices ii. He will collect information on Ans: Cost of living index and corresponding rises in petrol price

i. The export and import statistics of leather and leather related goods acts as a barometer for Ans: Specific Business activities

A company wishes to increase its sales. It experiments with various slabs of expenses in Advertisement and collects data. iii. Action and reaction theory finds Ans: Four phases of Business activity

iv. Extrapolation method of business forecasting assumes Ans: Constant growth in Arithmetic trend

An economist will like to predict the cost of living index due to hike in petrol prices iii. The analysis can be based on Ans: Regression Models

company wishes to increase its sales. It experiments with various slabs of expenses in Advertisement and collects data. ii. To find the relationship betweenadvertisement expenses and sales; it should use Ans: Lead correlation

A Business man would like to know what is Business forecasting. He has the following doubts iii. Objective of Business forecasting is Ans: To give a measure for uncertainty and reduce uncertainty

A Business man would like to know what is Business forecasting. He has the following doubts ii. Business forecasting means Ans: Just analysis of past economic conditions

A Business man would like to know what is Business forecasting. He has the following doubts i. In which one of the following cases forecast will not be applied Ans: Buying Mango

ii. Health statistics published by Government of India acts as a barometer for Ans: Planning health-care activities by Government

A company wishes to increase its sales. It experiments with various slabs of expenses in Advertisement and collects data. i. The most suitable method offorecasting will follow Ans: Time-lag theory

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An economist will like to predict the cost of living index due to hike in petrol prices iv. If he wants to predict in terms of the percentage increase he should use Ans: Modified exponential curve

iii. Business barometer is a Ans: Scientific and reliable tool for making decisions

A company wishes to increase its sales. It experiments with various slabs of expenses in Advertisement and collects data. iv. According to Rhythm theory Ans: All economic and business in opposite directions

A Business man would like to know what is Business forecasting. He has the following doubts iv. What is a prediction Ans: Estimates based on past data

An economist will like to predict the cost of living index due to hike in petrol prices i. For analysis he will study Ans: Past and Present behaviour of cost of living index due to rise in petrol price

Unit 14The long-term oscillations that are more than a year is called Ans: Cyclical variation

Irregular variations have amplitude and length of period Ans: Neither regular nor equal

Analysis of time series deals with Ans: Studying the effect of various factors over time

Non-linear trend occurs when Ans: When variable move at different rates

Variations that occur within a year are called Ans: Random

Changes which occur due to boom and depression in time series are known as Ans: Cyclical variation

Irregular variations are caused by Ans: Floods

A time series is Ans: Numerical values recorded at successive intervals of time

The time series can be used to Ans: Identify various forces that affect its behaviour

2 marksLong term trend refers to Ans: Smooth long term growth or decline containing a minimum of 4 cycles

Time series analysis helps us Ans: To identify the forces that influences the variation in time series

Seasonal variations refers to

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Ans: Variations in time series that are periodic in nature and occur regularly over short periods during a year

Time series analysis is utilized to Ans: Compare the behaviour of the variable over different period of time

A time series is Ans: A set of numerical values of a given variable observed at equal intervals of time

4 marks Mrs. Mallini is a science student. She has data on development of micro organism over regular interval of time. She wants to know the relationship between timeand development of micro organism. She approaches Mrs. Shalini, a Statistician and clears certain doubts. iv. The study of time series helps us Ans: To identify the various forces that affect its behaviour

Mrs. Mallini is a science student. She has data on development of micro organism over regular interval of time. She wants to know the relationship between timeand development of micro organism. She approaches Mrs. Shalini, a Statistician and clears certain doubts. i. By time series we understand Ans: Set of values recorded over a period at regular interval

Mrs. Mallini is a science student. She has data on development of micro organism over regular interval of time. She wants to know the relationship between timeand development of micro organism. She approaches Mrs. Shalini, a Statistician and clears certain doubts. ii. Time series is in a month not caused by Ans: Individuals liking

Mrs. Mallini is a science student. She has data on development of micro organism over regular interval of time. She wants to know the relationship between timeand development of micro organism. She approaches Mrs. Shalini, a Statistician and clears certain doubts. iii. The one of the components of time series is Ans: Erratic variation

Unit 15Base year values are taken as Ans: Standard

The statistical measure used to study the changes in a group of related variable over time is Ans: Index numbers

In weighted average of relative the number of commodities involved is Ans: More than one

The first step in the construction of index number is to decide on Ans: Purpose of index numbers

Which is not a characteristics of Index number Ans: Expressed as qualitative values

The value of a variable in a given year divided by the value of the same variable in a specified year is called Ans: Relative

The commodity selected should be

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Ans: non-tangible

When comparative measure is in respect of physical quantities then it is called Ans: Volume Index

Quantity index is based on Ans: Variables

2 marksProduction relative and quantity relative deal with Ans: Production changes and Quantity changes

An index number is a special ______ and is designed to measure Ans: Average, changes in a group of related variables over time

The index number for 1998 is 120 and for 2002 is 150. Then index number 1998 calculated with 2002 as base year is Ans: 80

J.N.Jewellery's wants to find the changes in Gold price and determine the trend in Indian market. The statement regarding the purpose of index number should be Ans: Changes in price during last 15 years in India

The price of a commodity in 2005 was Rs.25/ kg. In 2008 it is Rs.120/4 kg. Then price index is Ans: 120

4 marks

Ans: B

Ans: C

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Ans: D

Ans: A