SELECTED STATISTICS ON WOMEN’S STATUS

2% of women 20-24 years were married orin union before age 15

5% of women 20-24 years were married orin union before age 18

90% Females as a percentage of malesenrolled in primary school

80% Females as a percentage of malesenrolled in secondary school

18%of women 15-49 years in unioncurrently using any contraceptivemethod

Source: MICS 2006, Rapport Annuel 2008 - DSME, UNESCO Institute for Statistics 2012

Female genital mutilation (FGM) refers to “all procedures involving partial or total removal of the female external genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons.”1 While the exact number of girls and women worldwide who have undergone FGM remains unknown, at least 200 million girls and women have been cut in 30 countries with representative data on prevalence. FGM is a violation of girls’ and women’s human rights and is condemned by many international treaties and conventions, as well as by national legislation in many countries. Yet, where it is practised FGM is performed in line with tradition and social norms to ensure that girls are socially accepted and marriageable, and to uphold their status and honour and that of the entire family. UNICEF works with government and civil society partners towards the elimination of FGM in countries where it is still practised.

1. World Health Organization, Eliminating Female Genital Mutilation: An interagency statement, WHO, UNFPA, UNICEF, UNIFEM, OHCHR, UNHCR, UNECA, UNESCO, UNDP, UNAIDS, WHO, Geneva, 2008, p. 4.

STATISTICAL PROFILE ON FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION

Data and Analytics SectionDIVISION OF DATA, RESEARCH AND POLICY

National decree/legislation banning FGM passed (amended in 2009)1995

DJIBOUTI

HOW WIDESPREAD IS THE PRACTICE?

FGM is nearly universal in Djibouti among girls and women of reproductive age, with little variation by place of residence

WHEN AND HOW IS FGM PERFORMED?

In Djibouti, 30 per cent of girls experience the most severe form of cutting, involving the cutting and sewing of genital parts

Notes: The boundaries and the names shown and the designations used on the map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Only categories with 25 or more unweighted cases are presented. Due to rounding, some of the data presented may not add up to 100 per cent. There are no ethnicity, religion or wealth index data for Djibouti. Data on the prevalence of FGM among daughters of mothers with ‘Koranic/nonstandard curriculum’ are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. ‘Health personnel’ includes doctors, nurses, midwives and other health workers; ‘Traditional practitioner’ includes traditional circumcisers, traditional birth attendants, traditional midwives and other types of traditional practitioners.

Source for all charts on this page: MICS 2006

Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 yearswho have undergone FGM, by region Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have undergone FGM, by residence

Percentage of girls and women aged 15-49 years with at least one living daughter who has undergone FGM, by residence and mother’s education

Percentage distribution of girls and women aged 15 to 49 with at least one living daughter who has undergone FGM, by age at which cutting occurred

Percentage distribution of girls and women aged 15 to 49 with at least one living daughter who has undergone

FGM, according to the type of person/practitioner performing the procedure

Percentage distribution of girls and women aged 15 to 49 with at least one living daughter who has

undergone FGM, by type of FGM performed

Among daughters of cut girls and women, the percentage of those who have undergone FGM, by mothers’ attitudes about whether

the practice should continue

10-25%

26-50%

51-80%

Less than 10%

Above 80%

93 96 93

0

20

40

60

80

100

Total Rural Urban

49 58

48 53 45

33 27

Total Rural Urban No education Primarycomplete

Secondaryor higher

Koranic/non-standard

curriculum

0

20

40

60

80

100

62 62

38

Daughters whosemothers think FGM

should continue

Daughters whosemothers say it

depends

Daughters whosemothers think

FGM should stop

0

20

40

60

80

100

0-4 years

5-9 years

10-14 years

15+ years

Don't know/Missing

62 112 3

0 20 40 60 80 100

22

21

78

2

Traditionalpractitioner

Health personnel

Don’t knowMissing

15

53

30

3

Cut, fleshremoved

Type not determined/Not sure/Don’t know

Cut, no fleshremoved/Nicked

Sewn closed

WHAT ARE THE PREVAILING ATTITUDES TOWARDS FGM?

Over one third of women in Djibouti think FGM should stop, with girls and women with secondary education or above less likely to support the practice

Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have heard about FGM, by their attitudes about whether the practice should continue

Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have heard about FGM and think the practice should continue, by residence, education and age

IS THE PRACTICE OF FGM CHANGING?

There has been no significant change in the prevalence of FGM/C across generations, but there is a trend towards less severe types of cutting

Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have undergone FGM, by current age

Notes: There are no data by ethnicity or wealth index for Djibouti. Source for all charts on this page: MICS 2006

Percentage distribution of girls and women aged 15-19 years and 45-49 years who have undergone FGM/C, by the type of FGM/C performed

Total Rural Urban Koranic/non-standardcurriculum

No education Primary complete

Secondaryor higher

45-49 years 15-19 years

Think FGM should continue Think FGM should stop Say it depends/are not sure

Age 45-49

Age 15-19

Sewn closed Cut, flesh removed Cut, no flesh removed/Nicked Type not determined/Not sure/Doesn’t know

15-19 years45-49 years

94

40-44 years

93

35-39 years

95

30-34 years

96

25-29 years

93

20-24 years

94

Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have undergone FGM

Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years with at least one living daughter who has undergone FGM

Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have heard about FGM and think the practice should continue

DJIBOUTI

INTER-COUNTRY STATISTICAL OVERVIEW

Notes: Data on attitudes for Yemen refer to ever-married girls and women. In Liberia, girls and women who have heard of the Sande society were asked whether they were members; this provides indirect information on FGM since it is performed during initiation into the society. MICS data for Ghana (2011) could not be used to report on attitudes towards FGM due to the fact that information is missing for girls and women with no living daughters; data from MICS 2006 are used instead. In Liberia, only cut girls and women were asked about their attitudes towards FGM; since girls and women from practicing communities are more likely to support the practice, the level of support in this country as captured by DHS 2013 is higher than would be expected had all girls and women been asked their opinion. Prevalence data on FGM for girls and women aged 15 to 49 years and data on attitudes towards FGM are not available for Indonesia.

Sources: DHS, MICS, Health Issues Survey, Population and Health Survey and RISKESDAS, 2004-2018.

Updated January 2019

FOR MORE INFORMATIONData and Analytics Section - Division of Data, Research and Policy

UNICEF, 3 UN Plaza, New York, 10017Website: data.unicef.org Email: data@unicef.org

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