STATISTIC•A branch of Mathematics •A study about data including collecting ,recordingorganizing, presenting, analyzing and interpreting it.•Help people in planning and making decision

DataData is a collection of information or facts

Example: Height of 1 AKIK Weight of 2 DELIMA

Number of students in each class Population of Malaysia through 1990-2000

•Data can be collected by:CountingMeasuring

COLLECTING DATAThe following data shows the height of 30 students in 3 Mawar measured in the nearest cm.

164 16 1 164 160 164 16 1 162 163 162 160

160 164 163 162 163 162 160 162 164 164

16 1 162 164 162 162 162 163 160 163 163

•Is this the most efficient way of displaying data?•How do we record the data more systematically?•USE FREQUENCY TABLE

FREQUENCY

LettersLetters FrequencyFrequency

aa 22

bb 33

cc 22

dd 33

ee 22

ff 11

Frequency Table

HeightHeight TallyTally FrequencFrequencyy

160160 //// //// 55

161161 ////// 33

162162 //// /////// /// 99

163163 //// ////// // 66

164164 //// ////// // 77

•What is the highest frequency?

•What is the lowest frequency?

•Which height has the highest frequency?

•Which height has the lowest frequency?

•What is the different between the highest frequency and the lowestfrequency

HeightHeight FrequencyFrequency

160160 66161161 33162162 99163163 55164164 77TotalTotal 3030

HeightHeight 160160 161161 162162 163163 164164

FrequencFrequencyy

66 33 99 55 77

Vertical Frequency Table

Horizontal Frequency Table

Notice that:Total of frequency is the same as the datain the set.

CandidatCandidateses

SafuraSafura IbrahimIbrahim YasminYasmin YusoffYusoff SulaimaSulaimann

FrequencFrequencyy 33 66 22 99 11

CandidatesCandidates FrequencyFrequency

SafuraSafura 33

IbrahimIbrahim 66

YasminYasmin 22

YusoffYusoff 99

SulaimanSulaiman 11

Vertical frequency table

Horizontal frequency table

Voting for the monitor

PICTOGRAM BAR CHART LINE GRAPH

PICTOGRAM?PICTOGRAM?Data representation in Data representation in

graphicalgraphical

formform

What is

1. Decide on the appropriate symbol to be used:

- SinceThe data is related with the number of pupils,. Therefore we can use the symbol as shown .

2.Then decide on how many pupil does this symbol represent. (scaling)

Steps:

How can we represent this dataIn graphical form?

2B: 30 =7 1 faces

4 2

Horizontal Pictogram

What is the total number of students in form 2?

Vertical Pictogram

REMINDER:

• A pictogram must have atitle-The title tell us what the table is all about.

• Legend to show value represented by one symbol

• Use suitable symbol

StallStall AppleApple PearPear

AA 3030 00

BB 2525 1616

CC 55 2424

Stall Stall AA

Stall Stall BB

Stall Stall CC

represent 5 apples

represent 4 pears

Sales of Fruits on Particular Day

Stall Stall

AAStall Stall

BBStallStall

CCrepresent 5 apples

represent 4 pears

Sales of Fruits on A Particular Day

BAR CHARTBAR CHART

HORIZONTAL

BAR CHART

VERTICALBAR CHART

A bar chart is a way of representing the

frequencies of data obtained by counting

• It displays a data using a numbers of bar with the same width.

• Each bar represent different categories

• The height of the barsrepresent the

frequencies.

• Bar chart can berepresented horizontally

orVertically

To construct a bar chart

To construct bar chart

We need to:

1. Write the title of the chart2. Label the axes3. Determine the scales for the axes4.Draw the bars

Vertical bar chart

Horizontal bar chart

PROBLEM SOLVING INVOLVING BAR CHART

MISLEADINGMISLEADING

BAR CHART WHICH CONTAINS 2 SETS OF DATA (DUAL BAR CHART)

Yearly Enrolment of SMK Baru

0100200300400500600700800

2001 2002 2003

Year

Num

ber o

f studen

tsGirls Boys

The table shows theYearly enrolment ofSMK Baru from 2001-2003.Construct a dualbar chart to display theData.

YearYear GirlsGirls BoysBoys

20012001 650650 500500

20022002 600600 400400

20032003 700700 600600

MonthMonth ChickenChicken FishFish

JanJan 500500 300300

FebFeb 400400 300300

MarchMarch 300300 300300

Sales of burgers in a Restaurant

0 200 400 600

Jan

Feb

Mar

Mon

th

Burgers

Fish burgers

Chicken burgers

Construct a dual bar chart to showthe sales of the burgers

Line graph is always used to represent the data over a period of time . For instance hours, weeks, months or years

MonthMonth MarkMarkFebruaryFebruary 7070MarchMarch 4040AprilApril 5050MayMay 6060JunJun 7070JulyJuly 5050AugustAugust 100100 A way of representing

a set of data over a period of time

1.Determine the suitable scale for the vertical axis2. Draw the axes and name them and mark the value on it3. Mark the horizontal axis4. Plot the points5. Draw the graph by joining the adjacent points with straight line6. Give the graph a title

REMINDER: The vertical axis always represent quantity while the horizontal axis always represent period/time.

To construct line graph

REFER TO LESSON 110LINE GRAPH (NO 4 )