State system of accounting forand control of nuclear material

(SSAC) in Japan

Seiji Uchikoshi

Nuclear Material Control Center

　 JAPAN

1

SEMINAR 20 YEARS OF ABACCRio de Janeiro, Brazil,

Palácio Itamaraty, 10 - 11 November 2011

Contents of presentation1. 　 Basic Policy

2. 　 Structure of SSAC

3. 　 Large Complex Programm in Japan

4. 　 SSAC Inspection in Japan (2010)

5. 　 Implementation of Additional Protocol

6. 　 Introduction and Implementation of 　Integrated Safeguards

7. 　 Summary

2

Basic Policycommitment to peaceful Uses of nuclear energy

● Atomic Energy Basic Law(1955)

● Law for Regulation of Nuclear Source Material, Nuclear Fuel Material and Reactors(1957)

● Three Non‐Nuclear Principles (since 1967)

● NPT 　 CSA (Comprehensive Safeguards Agreement) 　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　INFCIRC/153Type(1976)

● Additional Protocol INFCIRC/540Type （ 1999 ）

3

History of related national safeguards activities in Japan

● July 1957 : IAEA’s Activities started

● May 1964 : First Inspection was done by IAEA in Japan

● May 1976 : Japan joined NPT

● December 1977 : Entry into force IAEA/JAPAN

Safeguards Agreement

● December 1999 : Entry into force Additional Protocol

● June 2004 : First Broader Conclusion for Japan by IAEA

● September 2004 : Integrated Safeguards Implementation

4

Organization for safeguardsimplementation in Japan

JSGO(Japan Safeguards Office), MEXT

● Responsible for Safeguards Implementation in Japan

● Cooperation with IAEA

● Supervision of NMCC

NMCC （ Nuclear Material Control Center)

● Designated Organization by Law

● Safeguards Information Processing and Safeguards Inspection

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Nuclear Material Control Center

● Established in 15 April 1972

● Designated by the Government

- 1977 Data processing (including Data Analysis)

- 1999 Inspection (including Destructive Analysis (DA+DA Lab.) / Non Destructive Analysis (NDA))

6

　SSAC Structure in JapanBIRATERAL AGREEMENT

COUNTRIES

BIRATERAL AGREEMENTCOUNTRIES

Additional Protocol (INFCIRC/540) - Nuclear fuel-related R&D activities without NM - Buildings in sites - Activities specified in Annex I - Uranium mines, etc. NUCLEAR FACILITIESNUCLEAR FACILITIES

- Report on Inventory & Material Transfer- Notification/Confirmation of Transfer etc.

International Inspection

InspectionInspection

Data Processing

GOVERNMENT OF JAPAN (Japan Safeguards Office, MEXT) GOVERNMENT OF JAPAN (Japan Safeguards Office, MEXT)

National Inspection

Comple-mentary Access

NUCLEAR MATERIAL CONROL CENTER NUCLEAR MATERIAL CONROL CENTER

AccountancyReport

- Inspection Result- Conclusion

Report on buildings,activities, etc. under AP

Comprehensive Safeguards Agreement (INFCIRC/153)

International Atomic Energy AgencyInternational Atomic Energy Agency

- Accountancy Report- Inspection Report

Annual Declaration

MEXT(JSGO)

NMCC

Nuclear Facilities

Routine Inspection Assignment- Access -Item count -Book Audit -NDA -DA sampling -C/S

InspectionReports

(inspection results & analysis results)

Inspection

-Scheduling-Inspection-DIV -CA

NMCC is only the organization which has been approved on the national law to carry out the national SG inspection

State Inspection Scheme

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Large complex nuclear programme in Japan

● Reactors :

54LWRs, 24 Research Reactors

● Nuclear Fuel Cycle Facilities :

2 Enrichment Plants, 3 Reprocessing plants,

2 MOX Fuel Fabrication Facilities

● Routine Inspection Efforts Per Year :

Approximately 2,500 – 3,000 PDIs(Person Days of Inspection)

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Safeguards Inspection for Main Facilities

・ DNLEU FFP (GNF-J)

・ JNFL LEU Enrichment Plant (REP) ・ JNFL Reprocessing Plant (RRP)

・Kyoto University (KUCA)

・JAEA -Monju

Tokyo

Osaka

・ DNLEU FFP (NFI-K)

・TODAI -YAYOI

Rokkasho

・JAEA -Fugen

　・(LEU Enrichment Plant/R&D)

JAEA -Ningyo

・NRF TSUKUBA

・NDC-HL

・JCO R&D

( DCA, JOYO,FMF,JNC-O R&D)

・JAEA (JMTR,JMTRC,HTTR, R&D)

(PCDF,PPFF,PFPF,TRP,R&D)

・JAEA (FCA, TCA,JRR-2,3,4, NSRR,VHTRC) ( SCF,R&D)

ROKKASHO Branch

DNLEU FFPs

RRCAs

JNC-1

JNC-4

JNC-2

Spent Fuel Storage

JNC-5Small Facilities/LOF

: Under IS

: Under IS

: Under IS

: Under IS

: Under IS

: Under IS

: Under TS

: Under TS

TOKAI Branch

・Kyoto University (KUR)

Oarai Area・NFD-HL

Tokai Area

・ DNLEU FFPs (MNF/NFI-T)

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Safeguards Inspection for LWR ｓUnder IS=RII, IIV, Pre-PIV, post-PIV, PIV-E

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LWR(54 units) = BWR (30 units) + PWR (24 units)Kashiwazaki

Shika

Tsurga

Mihama

Ohi

Takahama

Shimane

Kaminoseki

Genkai

Sendai Ikata

Hamaoka

Tokai-2

Fukushima-Daini

Fukushima-Daiichi

Onagawa

Ohma

Namie-Odaka

Tomari Tohoku EPCO-Higashidori

TEPCO-Higashidori

Operating

Under Construction

Preparing for Construction

Output Scale

< 500MW < 1,000MW Over 1,000MW

Operating

Under Construction

Preparing for Construction

Total

Units Total Output (MW)

: Fresh MOX use 2011.1.1

77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 100

50,000100,000150,000200,000250,000300,000350,000400,000450,000500,000550,000600,000650,000700,000750,000800,000850,000900,000950,000

1,000,0001,050,0001,100,0001,150,0001,200,000

OCRMBRPILICR

FISICAL YEAR12

Number of reports processed by NMCC

Number of Obligatory Accounting Records and Reports(3/3)

SSAC Inspections in Japan for 2010

Note: PDI does not include the persons day of DIV and CA

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Categories

Numberof

Facilitiesand LOFs

Number ofMaterial

Accountancy PersonsDay

Inspection

(PDI)

Reports Data JSGO NMCC

Fabrications 6 486 31605 330 24 306

Reactors 81 3,323 295,043 599 46 553

Reprocessing 3 862 71,884 1,038 106 932

R&Ds, LOFs 209 1,931 85,589 418 32 386

Total 299 6,572 484,121 2,385 208 2,177

Implementation of Additional protocol(Declaration)

● Initial Declaration(June 2000)

Annual up-date Declaration (Middle of May in Every Year)

● 198 Sites (7,183Buildings)

120 Nuclear Fuel Cycle Related R&D Activities by the Government

28 annex I Activities (INFCIRC/540)

were declared (as of End of Dec. 2010).14

Complimentary Access (CA)

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● One of Purposes of CA is to confirm the absence of undeclared nuclear material and activities etc. at sites

● CAs were carried out by IAEA from November 2000 to December 2010 　

Broader Conclusion on Japan

● Introductory Statement of the Director General of IAEA at Board of Governors(14 June 2004)

“I am pleased to note that the secretariat was recently able to reach all conclusions needed for the implementation of integrated safeguards in Japan-the State with largest nuclear programme subject to Agency safeguards. ・・・・”

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● Smooth Implementation of IS in Japan

Since September 2004 when Japan’s IS was introduced, the IS approaches has been implemented successfully, phased implementation.

● Development of IS Approaches- Dec.1999 : Into force of the Additional Protocol

- Jun. 2004 : The Broader Conclusion was drawn for Japan

Introduction of IS (Integrated Safeguards) in JAPAN (1/2)

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Development of facility-level approach and site approach.

1) LWRs w/o MOX Since September 2004.

2) Spent fuel Storage Since September 2004.

3) RRCAs Since September 2004.

4) LWRs with MOX Since January 2005.

5) DNLEU Fuel Fabrication Plants Since January 2005.

6) JAEA-Tokai area (JNC-1) Since August 2008.

7) JAEA-Monju (JNC-4) Since October 2009.

8) JAEA-Oarai (JNC-2) Since December 2010.

9) JAEA-Ningyo (JNC-5) Since January 2011.

10) JNFL-2Since January 2011.

11) Small Facilities/LOF Since January 2011.

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Introduction of IS (Integrated Safeguards) in JAPAN (2/2)

Concept of IS● An optimum combination of all safeguards measures

available to the IAEA under CSA and Additional Protocol to achieve the maximum effectiveness and efficiency

● Reduction in verification effort for declared material, based on assurance of the absence of undeclared nuclear material and activities through Additional Protocol Measure

● Utilization of Random Interim Inspections (RII) etc.

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Implementation of IS

● IS has been implemented smoothly

● Preliminary data indicated Reduction of SSAC inspection PDIs

● LWRs: Much reduction has been confirmed since 2004 in inspection activities

● As for IS, it is necessary for SSAC to streamline the resource for the inspection (including stand-by personnel)

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2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100

50

100

150

200

250 PWRBWR

Year

PDI

IS (September)

SSAC Inspection Effort at LWRs

21

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100

50

100

150

200

250

300

Year

PDI

SSAC Inspection Effort at RRCAsIS (September)

22

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100

50

100

150

200

250

300

Year

PDI

SSAC Inspection Effort at DNLEU FFPs

IS (January)

23

SSAC PDIs of IS Site Type distinction

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2003 PDI

2004 PDI

2005 PDI

2006 PDI

2007 PDI

2008 PDI

2009 PDI

2010 PDI

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000 JNFL-22011/01/01

JNFL-1(RRP)

Small Facility/LOFs2011/01/01

SFSFｓ2004/9/15

JNC-52011/01/01

JNC-42009/11/18

JNC-22010/12/01

JNC-12008/08/01

DNLEU　 FFPｓ2005/01/01

RRCA2004/09/15

Light Water Reactor2004/09/15

Summary● IS has been introduced very smoothly under SSAC,

and JSGO/NMCC will continue to cooperate with IAEA to maintain smooth implementation.

● Further improvement of efficiency could be achieved through SLA or enhanced co-operation with IAEA. To this end, development of IS approach should be promoted.

● Continued cooperation among the relevant parties is essential for implementation of Rokkasho Reprocessing Plant Safeguards.

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THANK you for your attention!

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EndFim終